CN115413740A - Low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115413740A CN115413740A CN202211094671.XA CN202211094671A CN115413740A CN 115413740 A CN115413740 A CN 115413740A CN 202211094671 A CN202211094671 A CN 202211094671A CN 115413740 A CN115413740 A CN 115413740A
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- Prior art keywords
- feed
- percent
- phosphorus
- vitamin
- fish meal
- Prior art date
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Links
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019742 Vitamins premix Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000006109 methionine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003756 Vitamin B7 Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940057801 calcium lactate pentahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JCFHGKRSYPTRSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;2-hydroxypropanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca].CC(O)C(O)=O JCFHGKRSYPTRSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011640 ferrous citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019850 ferrous citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- APVZWAOKZPNDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].OC(=O)CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O APVZWAOKZPNDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004452 methionine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal and a preparation method thereof. The large yellow croaker feed contains 13.23 percent of corn protein powder and 28 percent of Peru steam fish meal in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the feed. The large yellow croaker feed disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula design, and can effectively save the feed preparation cost and the large yellow croaker feeding cost by using the corn protein powder to replace part of fish meal in the traditional large yellow croaker feed, and meanwhile, the large yellow croaker feed has no significant influence on the growth of the large yellow croaker, so that the total phosphorus content in the feed is reduced, the phosphorus emission in the breeding process is reduced, and the marine fishery resources are protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fish meal is a main protein source in the carnivorous fish feed and has the advantages of balanced nutrition, good palatability and the like. The fish meal is mainly prepared from the caught fish with lower economic value, and because of the limitation of marine fish resources, the yield of the fish meal always keeps a stable level, and the increasing requirements of the aquatic feed industry cannot be met. The contradiction between the supply and the demand of the fish meal causes the price of the fish meal to continuously rise, greatly improves the production cost of the feed, and also seriously limits the sustainable development of the aquatic feed industry. The use of the fish meal also causes great pressure on the environment, the production process of the fish meal relates to the processes of stewing and drying, a large amount of waste water and waste gas are generated to be discharged, and the fish meal digestion by the cultured fishes can also discharge a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient elements into the culture water body. Therefore, finding a suitable protein source to replace part of fish meal in aquatic feed becomes a research hotspot of the aquatic feed industry.
China has corn yield at the second place in the world, and accounts for about 23% of the total global yield. The corn protein powder is a corn starch processing byproduct, has the characteristics of high protein content (60-70%), high vitamin E content, less anti-nutritional factors, low fiber, better absorption by aquatic animals and the like, and is an excellent plant protein raw material. The application of the zein powder in fish feed of turbot, trachinotus ovatus and the like can replace 50-75 percent of fish meal without affecting the utilization rate of the fish feed. The corn protein powder in the feed replaces 60 percent of fish meal, so that the growth performance of the lateolabrax japonicus is not adversely affected. In the feed for the golden porgy, the corn protein powder can replace 40 percent of fish meal without obvious influence on the growth performance and the feed efficiency, but can improve the ingestion rate of the golden porgy.
Large yellow croaker (large yellow croaker) ((B))Larimichthys crocea) The yellow croaker is a traditional marine culture economic fish in China and is also a marine culture fish with the highest yield, and the culture yield of the large yellow croaker reaches 25.4 ten thousand tons in 2020. With the continuous expansion of the large yellow croaker culture scale, the feed demand is increased rapidly, the fish meal is used as an important raw material in the large yellow croaker feed, the demand is increased day by day, and the search for a proper fish meal substitute is of great importance to the large yellow croaker feed industry and the culture industry. The invention uses the corn protein powder to replace fish meal in the traditional large yellow croaker feed for carrying out breeding experiments, explores the influence on the survival rate, growth and intestinal health of the large yellow croaker, and aims to develop a low-cost high-quality large yellow croaker feed formula.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed which has balanced nutrition, can meet the growth requirement of pseudosciaena crocea, is environment-friendly and can promote the healthy development of the pseudosciaena crocea breeding industry.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal is composed of the following raw materials: corn protein powder, peru steam fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, flour, monocalcium phosphate, lysine, methionine, choline chloride, vitamin premix, mineral premix, fish oil, soybean lecithin and carboxymethyl cellulose; the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed contains 13.23 percent of corn protein powder in percentage by weight of the total weight of the feed.
Further, the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13.23 percent of corn protein powder, 28 percent of Peru steam fish meal, 12 percent of soybean meal, 10 percent of soybean protein concentrate, 15 percent of flour, 1.5 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 percent of choline chloride, 0.35 percent of lysine, 0.21 percent of methionine, 3 percent of vitamin premix, 2 percent of mineral premix, 2.90 percent of fish oil, 2.90 percent of soybean oil, 1.5 percent of soybean lecithin and 7.11 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose.
Further, the nutritional ingredients of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed comprise, by weight: 44.61% of crude protein, 9.91% of crude fat, 14.34% of carbohydrate, 8.82% of crude fiber, 9.54% of ash, 12.78% of water and 1.83% of total phosphorus content.
Furthermore, every 1000g of the vitamin premix contains: 7500000 IU vitamin A,22.5 g vitamin B2, 12 g vitamin B6,0.03 g vitamin B12,7.5 g vitamin B1,7.5 g vitamin B3,3.75 g folic acid, 3g vitamin H,75g vitamin E,240 g inositol, 37.5g calcium pantothenate, 60 g nicotinic acid, 1350000IU vitamin D3, 240 g vitamin C, and the balance filler zeolite powder.
Furthermore, every 1000g of the mineral premix contains: 11.43 Ferrous citrate, 11.79 g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 2.49 g manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.06 g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 27.31 g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 233.3 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 228.39 g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 34.09 g calcium lactate pentahydrate, 0.54 g cobalt chloride, 0.06 g potassium iodate, and the balance of filler zeolite powder.
Further, the preparation method of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed comprises the following specific steps:
s1, dissolving soybean lecithin and soybean oil in a formula ratio in fish oil in advance, and mixing uniformly;
s2, crushing other raw materials except the soybean lecithin, the soybean oil and the fish oil in advance, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 60-mesh sieve, accurately weighing the raw materials according to a formula, uniformly mixing various feed components in a step-by-step manner from small to large according to the specific gravity, adding a mixture of the soybean lecithin, the soybean oil and the fish oil, fully mixing the mixture, adding 40% of water, and fully mixing the mixture;
s3, putting the uniformly mixed feed raw materials obtained in the step S2 into an automatic granulator to prepare feed particles with the particle size of 2.5 mm, and naturally drying the feed particles to obtain the finished product of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed.
The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with the corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal is applied to pseudosciaena crocea breeding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed provided by the invention has sufficient raw material sources and can be produced in a large scale.
2) The feed formula of the invention has balanced nutrition, reduces the using amount of fish meal by partially replacing fish meal with corn protein powder, can reduce the feeding cost of large yellow croakers, and has no obvious adverse effect on the survival rate, growth and intestinal health of the large yellow croakers.
3) The use of the feed formula reduces the total phosphorus content in the feed for the large yellow croakers, so that the phosphorus discharge amount of the large yellow croakers can be reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the healthy development of the large yellow croaker breeding industry is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of feeds with different corn gluten meal contents on the morphology of large yellow croaker intestinal tract tissues.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples.
The various nutrients in the large yellow croaker formula of the present invention are commercially available, and the present invention provides a detailed description of the various nutrients, which can be taken as a preferred embodiment or a further preferred embodiment or a most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Peru steam fish meal (crude protein content 72.3%), corn gluten meal (crude protein content 61.3%), soy protein concentrate (crude protein content 72.1%), soybean meal (crude protein content 53.5%), flour (food grade), lysine (feed grade), methionine (feed grade), monocalcium phosphate (feed grade), choline chloride (feed grade), vitamin premix (fish vitamin premix), mineral premix (fish mineral premix), fish oil (food grade), soybean lecithin (food grade), and carboxymethyl cellulose (feed grade) were all purchased from Fozhou hippocampus feed Co., ltd. Wherein, every 1000g of vitamin premix contains: 7500000 IU vitamin A,22.5 g vitamin B2, 12 g vitamin B6,0.03 g vitamin B12,7.5 g vitamin B1,7.5 g vitamin B3,3.75 g folic acid, 3g vitamin H,75g vitamin E,240 g inositol, 37.5g calcium pantothenate, 60 g nicotinic acid, 1350000IU vitamin D3, 240 g vitamin C, and the balance filler zeolite powder. Wherein, each 1000g of the mineral premix comprises: 11.43 Ferrous citrate, 11.79 g zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 2.49 g manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.06 g copper sulfate pentahydrate, 27.31 g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 233.3 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 228.39 g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 34.09 g calcium lactate pentahydrate, 0.54 g cobalt chloride, 0.06 g potassium iodate, and the balance of filler zeolite powder.
Example 1 preparation of a conventional high Fish meal feed, no corn gluten meal was used instead of Fish meal
The large yellow croaker feed comprises, by weight, 40% of Peruvian steam fish meal, 12% of soybean meal, 10% of soybean protein concentrate, 15% of flour, 1.5% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3% of choline chloride, 3% of vitamin premix, 2% of mineral premix, 2.62% of fish oil, 2.62% of soybean oil, 1.5% of soybean lecithin and 9.46% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the large yellow croaker feed comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving soybean lecithin and soybean oil in a formula ratio in fish oil in advance, and uniformly mixing;
s2, crushing other raw materials except the soybean lecithin, the soybean oil and the fish oil in advance, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 60-mesh sieve, accurately weighing the raw materials according to a formula, uniformly mixing various feed components in a step-by-step manner from small to large according to the specific gravity, adding a mixture of the soybean lecithin, the soybean oil and the fish oil, fully mixing the mixture, adding 40% of water, and fully mixing the mixture;
s3, putting the uniformly mixed feed raw materials obtained in the step S2 into an automatic granulator to prepare feed particles with the particle size of 2.5 mm, and naturally drying the feed particles to obtain the finished product of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed.
Example 2 corn gluten meal is used to replace part of fish meal, the corn gluten meal content is 6.60%
The large yellow croaker feed comprises 34 percent of Peruvian steam fish meal, 6.60 percent of corn protein powder, 12 percent of soybean meal, 10 percent of soybean protein concentrate, 15 percent of flour, 0.18 percent of lysine, 0.11 percent of methionine, 1.5 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 percent of choline chloride, 3 percent of vitamin premix, 2 percent of mineral premix, 2.77 percent of fish oil, 2.77 percent of soybean oil, 1.5 percent of soybean lecithin and 8.27 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the large yellow croaker feed is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3 partial replacement of part of the fish meal with corn gluten meal, corn gluten meal content 13.23%
The large yellow croaker feed comprises 28 percent of Peruvian steam fish meal, 13.23 percent of corn protein powder, 12 percent of soybean meal, 10 percent of soybean protein concentrate, 15 percent of flour, 0.35 percent of lysine, 0.21 percent of methionine, 1.5 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 percent of choline chloride, 3 percent of vitamin premix, 2 percent of mineral premix, 2.90 percent of fish oil, 2.90 percent of soybean oil, 1.5 percent of soybean lecithin and 7.11 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the large yellow croaker feed is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4 partial replacement of part of the Fish meal with corn gluten meal, corn gluten meal content 19.84%
The large yellow croaker feed comprises, by weight, 22% of Peruvian steam fish meal, 19.84% of corn protein powder, 12% of soybean meal, 10% of soybean protein concentrate, 15% of flour, 0.53% of lysine, 0.32% of methionine, 1.5% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3% of choline chloride, 3% of vitamin premix, 2% of mineral premix, 3.05% of fish oil, 3.05% of soybean oil, 1.5% of soybean lecithin and 5.91% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the large yellow croaker feed is the same as that of example 1.
The feed formulations described in examples 1 to 4 and their nutritional compositions are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the total phosphorus content in the large yellow croaker feeds of examples 2 to 4 is lower than that in example 1.
Table 1 feed ingredient proportioning table (in weight percent based on total feed weight)
Example 6 feeding effect of the large yellow croaker feed of the present invention:
960 large yellow croakers with initial weight of 18.52 +/-2.1 g are randomly distributed to 16 floating net cages (1 m multiplied by 1.5 m) on the sea, 60 large yellow croakers in each net cage are randomly distributed to feed the feed formula in the embodiments 1-4 in each 4 net cages, the breeding experiment lasts for 8 weeks, and 05:30 and 17:30, feeding once, feeding after full feeding (the fish do not snatch after the feed is fed, and a small amount of residual bait is regarded as full feeding), and cleaning and recording the death number of the large yellow croakers in each net cage every day. And (3) counting the survival rate after the experiment is finished, measuring the weight of each fish, calculating the weight gain rate, the specific growth rate and the feed efficiency, making intestinal tissue slices, and observing the intestinal health condition under an optical microscope.
Table 2 shows the survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency of large yellow croaker in the treatment groups of examples 1 to 4, and the results show that there is no significant difference in the survival rate of the treatment groups of examples 1 to 4 (see)P >0.05 ); but the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of example 1 are significantly higher than those of example 4: (P <0.05 ); the weight gain and specific growth rates of example 2 and example 3 were not significantly different from those of the other examples: (P >0.05 ); the feed efficiency of example 4 was significantly lower thanExample 1 (P <0.05 But without significant difference from example 3 (P > 0.05）。
TABLE 2 influence of large yellow croaker feed with different corn gluten meal contents on the survival rate and growth index of large yellow croaker
Note: the different letters in the same column in the table represent significant differences (P < 0.05）。
FIG. 1 shows the effect of large yellow croaker feed with different zein powder contents on the morphology of large yellow croaker intestinal tract tissue. The results show that the intestinal villus epithelium integrity, villus height, is significantly higher for examples 1-3 than for example 4.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal is characterized in that: the feed consists of the following raw materials: corn gluten meal, peru steam fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, flour, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, lysine, methionine, vitamin premix, mineral premix, fish oil, soybean lecithin and carboxymethyl cellulose; the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed contains 13.23 percent of corn protein powder in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
2. The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed replacing fish meal with the corn protein powder part as the main component as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13.23 percent of corn protein powder, 28 percent of Peru steam fish meal, 12 percent of soybean meal, 10 percent of soybean protein concentrate, 15 percent of flour, 1.5 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3 percent of choline chloride, 0.35 percent of lysine, 0.21 percent of methionine, 3 percent of vitamin premix, 2 percent of mineral premix, 2.90 percent of fish oil, 2.90 percent of soybean oil, 1.5 percent of soybean lecithin and 7.11 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose.
3. The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed replacing fish meal with the corn protein powder part as the main component as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: every 1000g of the vitamin premix comprises: 7500000 IU vitamin A,22.5 g vitamin B2, 12 g vitamin B6,0.03 g vitamin B12,7.5 g vitamin B1,7.5 g vitamin B3,3.75 g folic acid, 3g vitamin H,75g vitamin E,240 g inositol, 37.5g calcium pantothenate, 60 g nicotinic acid, 1350000IU vitamin D3, 240 g vitamin C, and the balance filler zeolite powder.
4. The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with the corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: every 1000g of the mineral premix comprises: 11.43 Ferrous citrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 11.79 g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 2.49 g, copper sulfate pentahydrate 1.06 g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 27.31 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 233.3 g, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 228.39 g, calcium lactate pentahydrate 34.09 g, cobalt chloride 0.54 g, potassium iodate 0.06 g, and the balance of filler zeolite powder.
5. The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed replacing fish meal with the corn protein powder part as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed comprises the following nutritional components in percentage by weight: 44.61% of crude protein, 9.91% of crude fat, 14.34% of carbohydrate, 8.82% of crude fiber, 9.54% of ash, 12.78% of water and 1.83% of total phosphorus content.
6. The low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with the corn protein powder partially replacing fish meal as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed comprises the following specific steps:
s1, dissolving soybean lecithin and soybean oil in a formula ratio in fish oil in advance, and mixing uniformly;
s2, crushing other raw materials except the soybean lecithin, the soybean oil and the fish oil in advance, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 60-mesh sieve, accurately weighing the raw materials according to a formula, uniformly mixing various feed components in a step-by-step manner from small to large according to the specific gravity, adding a mixture of the soybean lecithin, the soybean oil and the fish oil, fully mixing the mixture, adding 40% of water, and fully mixing the mixture;
s3, putting the uniformly mixed feed raw materials obtained in the step S2 into an automatic granulator to prepare feed particles with the particle size of 2.5 mm, and naturally drying the feed particles to obtain the finished product of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed.
7. The use of the low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed of claim 1, which uses corn gluten meal to partially replace fish meal, in pseudosciaena crocea breeding.
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| CN106360147A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-01 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Ecologically-imitating expanded buoyant compound feed for juvenile fishes of larimichthys crocea |
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Application publication date: 20221202 |