CN102960556A - Young oplopanax elatus feed mainly prepared from enteromorpha and preparation method and feeding method thereof - Google Patents
Young oplopanax elatus feed mainly prepared from enteromorpha and preparation method and feeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102960556A CN102960556A CN2012104349313A CN201210434931A CN102960556A CN 102960556 A CN102960556 A CN 102960556A CN 2012104349313 A CN2012104349313 A CN 2012104349313A CN 201210434931 A CN201210434931 A CN 201210434931A CN 102960556 A CN102960556 A CN 102960556A
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Abstract
The invention provides a young oplopanax elatus feed mainly prepared from enteromorpha and a preparation method and a feeding method of the feed, The problems of high cost, high price, reduction of resources and the like in the prior art can be solved and green tide algae resources can be fully developed to solve the problem of resource waste. The young oplopanax elatus feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of enteromorpha powder, 10-50 parts of ulva powder, 8-10 parts of degreased fish meal, 8-10 parts of shrimp meal, 1-2 parts of sacccharated yeast, 1-2 parts of yeast, 0.5-1.5 parts of vitamin complex and 0.5-1.5 parts of composite mineral salt. The feed provided by the invention has the advantages that (1) the young oplopanax elatus eats the feed actively, the growth condition is good, and the survival rate is high; (2) the feed digestibility is high, the formability of excrement is good, and the excrement does not get loose; (3) the feed coefficient is low; and (4) the stress resistance of young oplopanax elatus is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feed of stichopus japonicus children ginseng, specifically, relate to a kind of children take Enteromorpha as primary raw material and join feed and preparation method and feeding method.
Background technology
Along with the developing rapidly of apostichopus japonicus culture industry, the exploitation of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed more and more receives people's concern in recent years.The children of stichopus japonicus joins the stage and is mostly that take mixed feeds such as sargassum thunbergii, sargassums as main the broken liquid of other kelp is auxiliary.But because these natural bait costs commonly used are high, expensive, stock number significantly descends, so that the cost and price of apostichopus japonicus culture rises, is unfavorable for the development of apostichopus japonicus culture industry.Exploit natural resources abundant, nutrient efficient, cheap substitute becomes the task of top priority as stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed resource.And Enteromorpha is a kind of like this marine algae feed resource that exploitation is worth that has.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed and preparation method and feeding method take Enteromorpha as primary raw material, it not only can solve the cost height that prior art exists, price, degradation problem under the stock number, fully the green damp algae resource of exploitation solves wasting of resources problem.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed take Enteromorpha as primary raw material, each component and the parts by weight of described stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed are: waterside lichenin 10-50 part, ulva lactuca powder 10-50 part, defatted fish flour 8-10 part, shrimp chaff 8-10 part, the female 1-2 of giving birth to of food part, yeast 1-2 part, B B-complex 0.5-1.5 part, composite mineral salt 0.5-1.5 part.
Contain vitamin A 1,000,000 IU, vitamin D in the described B B-complex of per 1000 grams
3300,000 IU, vitamin E 4000mg, vitamin K
31000mg, Cobastab
12000mg, Cobastab
21500mg, Cobastab
62000mg, Cobastab
125mg, vitamin C 18000mg, biotin 10mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 200mg, pantothenic acid 5000mg, inositol 10000mg, surplus is glucose transporter.
Contain iron 10000mg in the described composite mineral salt of per 1000 grams, copper 6000 mg, zinc 24000 mg, manganese 12000 mg, magnesium 30000 mg, iodine 100 mg, selenium 80-100 mg, cobalt 800 mg, surplus is the stone flour auxiliary material.
The order scope of counting of described waterside lichenin is the 200-400 order.
The order scope of counting of described ulva lactuca powder is the 100-200 order.
A kind of preparation method of the stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed take Enteromorpha as primary raw material, described preparation method carries out in the steps below,
1.. waterside lichenin preparation: after bright Enteromorpha is salvaged, clean, remove impurity, through the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, the rotating speed of centrifugal dehydrator is 5000-10000 rev/min, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10 minute, enters the drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 ℃, dry 3-6 hour, moisture was controlled at 10-18%, be crushed to the 40-80 order with pulverizer first after, be crushed to the 200-400 order through micronizer again, for subsequent use;
2.. the ulva lactuca powder preparation: bright sea lettuce is through cleaning, remove impurity, through the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, the centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000-10000 rev/min, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10 minute, enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 ℃, and dry 2-5 hour, moisture was controlled at 10-18%, be crushed to the 100-200 order, for subsequent use;
3.. the parts by weight by each component regulation add waterside lichenin, ulva lactuca powder, defatted fish flour, shrimp chaff, the female life of food, yeast, B B-complex, composite mineral salt, stir to be mixed with stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed.
A kind of feeding method of the stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed take Enteromorpha as primary raw material, described feeding method: every day is by the 1-6% weighing feed of stichopus japonicus children ginseng weight, doubly adds ooze with the 1-3 of feed weight, minute sooner or later throws something and feeds for twice.
Enteromorpha is the wild green alga in the beach of coastal waters, and the natural propagation ability is strong especially, and output is huge.Containing high protein, high dietary-fiber, low fat, and be rich in minerals and vitamins, is the raw material of nutraceutical, feed, alga fertilizer etc., and development and use have a high potential.
Enteromorpha is applied to the Enteromorpha resource that feed both can fully development and utilization China's abundant, can gives timely solution when facing sudden Enteromorpha disaster again, to greatest extent harm reduction is turned bane into boon, and creates significant benefit.The enteromorpha feed industrialization will realize the large-scale processing and utilization of Enteromorpha, and cost of material is low, and profit margin is large, and market prospects are wide, all have great importance to improving and preserving the ecological environment.
Show that after deliberation Enteromorpha is used for aquaculture as seaweeds breeding feed or feed addictive, can effectively promote the growth of the aquatic livestocks such as fishes and shrimps shellfish, improves output, improves meat and body colour.Simultaneously can improve premunition, improve health, thereby the consumption of minimizing antibiotic and other chemicals reduces the medicament residue in the aquatic products, improves the aquatic products quality.
With the research of Enteromorpha as the forage protein source, though report is arranged.But these researchs are Enteromorpha simply to be pulverized add in the feed mostly, in conjunction with the nutritional need of the different growth phases of animal, do not carry out the research of nutrient formulation, develop targetedly special feed.Because the high cellulose content of Enteromorpha is simply pulverized difficult processing to be digested and assimilated well by children's ginseng.The present invention overcomes above defective, solves Enteromorpha by nutrient formulation and processing technology and is difficult for being joined the problem of digesting and assimilating by the children, proves that by culture experiment it has good growth promoting function to children's ginseng.Take Enteromorpha, sea lettuce as the algae protein source, substituted sargassum thunbergii and sargassum simultaneously, can effectively reduce cost of manufacture, the distinctive delicate flavour of Enteromorpha also plays good food calling effect.This feed has the advantages such as scientific formulation, culture efficiency are good, safety and stability, food calling is effective, feed cost is low.
The present invention joins feed with the children that the raw materials such as waterside lichenin, ulva lactuca powder, defatted fish flour, shrimp chaff carry out the scientific matching exploitation, the effect that have comprehensive nutrition, attractant is good, digestibility is high, promotion children ginseng is grown.Since children ginseng to the Enteromorpha digestion power of high cellulose content a little less than, through the Enteromorpha that processing technology of the present invention is processed, various nutritional labelings can very fast stripping in its cell, is beneficial to children's ginseng and digests and assimilates.The essential amino acid composition that essential amino acid forms and the children joins in the Enteromorpha approaches, and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is higher, is conducive to promote that young ginseng is metabolic, improves its GF; Sea lettuce contains abundant crude fibre, protein, trace element, vitamin, amino acid etc., especially wherein contained Antibacterial Constituents the children is joined in the body and seawater in bacterium, fungi certain inhibitory action is arranged, complement each other with the immunocompetent effect of raising stichopus japonicus that Enteromorpha has, thereby improve children's ginseng survival rate, be beneficial to the healthy growth of children's ginseng; There are some researches show that the brown algas such as sargassum thunbergii, sargassum have high suction-operated to heavy metals such as inorganic arsenic, nickel, and use the green algas such as Enteromorpha and sea lettuce to replace sargassum thunbergii and sargassum can reduce the risk that content of beary metal exceeds standard in the feed, meet the forage health standard requirement of limiting the quantity of; Protein content is higher in the defatted fish flour, amino acid is abundant, and contains various trace elements, and its amino acid composition is suitable for the plant feed compatibilities such as same Enteromorpha, sea lettuce, replenished the deficiency of the limiting amino acids such as lysine and methionine, amino acid has been formed reach balance; Defatted fish flour also contains Cobastab
12The cyanogen cobalt is plain, has remedied the deficiency of plant feed, and the animal protein prescription compatibilities such as algae protein and fish meal have improved proteopepsis absorptivity in the feed simultaneously, prevents from forming dragging just phenomenon the intestinal tract that the protection children joins; The multiple beneficial elements such as shrimp sauce that contain chitin (chitin), protein, choline, phosphatide, cholesterol, shrimp green grass or young crops, red pigment and phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper in the shrimp chaff and be rich in DHA, EPA, have the circulation of improvement children ginseng body fluid, avoid body cell to suffer free radical to destroy, slow down the effect of feed lipid peroxidation process, simultaneously children's ginseng had the food calling effect, it is calcareous that it enriches, also very easily be absorbed and used, the Enteromorpha proportioning that shrimp chaff and crude fiber content are high can play and improve the feed palatability, improves the effect of feed local flavor.
The present invention utilizes yeast to promote the fermentation of children's ginseng bait, being beneficial to it digests and assimilates and can improve and adjust the young metabolic function of joining, yeast also has very high nutritive value simultaneously, particularly contains more protein, B family vitamin, nucleic acid and mineral matter and some health care active materials; Add the female effect that control children ginseng Vitamin B deficiency disease is arranged and help the digestion of children's ginseng of food; The various vitamins that add can be kept children's ginseng normal physiological function, and the children is joined metabolism, growth, growth, health effect of crucial importance; The interpolation of mineral matter can the plurality of enzymes in the children joins body be combined, and makes enzyme activation, helps to keep physiological metabolism.
In a word, stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed formula of the present invention has guaranteed the absorption of various vegetable proteins, animal protein, organic matter and trace element, satisfy stichopus japonicus children ginseng and grown required multiple essential nutrients, improve the palatability of feed, improve trophic level, thereby improve the ingestion ability of stichopus japonicus children ginseng self, for growth metabolism provides energy foundation.
The rear growing state of throwing something and feeding;
(1) children ginseng is ingested actively, upgrowth situation is good, and survival rate is high; (2) feed digestibility is high, and the ight soil good moldability is without loose; (3) feed coefficient is low; (4) children's ginseng anti-stress ability is good.
The specific embodiment
A kind of stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed take Enteromorpha as primary raw material, each component and the parts by weight of described stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed are: waterside lichenin 10-50 part, ulva lactuca powder 10-50 part, defatted fish flour 8-10 part, shrimp chaff 8-10 part, the female 1-2 of giving birth to of food part, yeast 1-2 part, B B-complex 0.5-1.5 part, composite mineral salt 0.5-1.5 part.
Contain vitamin A 1,000,000 IU, vitamin D in the described B B-complex of per 1000 grams
3300,000 IU, vitamin E 4000mg, vitamin K
31000mg, Cobastab
12000mg, Cobastab
21500mg, Cobastab
62000mg, Cobastab
125mg, vitamin C 18000mg, biotin 10mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 200mg, pantothenic acid 5000mg, inositol 10000mg, surplus is glucose transporter.
Contain iron 10000mg in the described composite mineral salt of per 1000 grams, copper 6000 mg, zinc 24000 mg, manganese 12000 mg, magnesium 30000 mg, iodine 100 mg, selenium 80-100 mg, cobalt 800 mg, surplus is the stone flour auxiliary material.
The order scope of counting of described waterside lichenin is the 200-400 order.
The order scope of counting of described ulva lactuca powder is the 100-200 order.
A kind of preparation method of the stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed take Enteromorpha as primary raw material, described preparation method carries out in the steps below,
1.. waterside lichenin preparation: after bright Enteromorpha is salvaged, clean, remove impurity, through the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, the rotating speed of centrifugal dehydrator is 5000-10000 rev/min, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10 minute, enters the drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 ℃, dry 3-6 hour, moisture was controlled at 10-18%, be crushed to the 40-80 order with pulverizer first after, be crushed to the 200-400 order through micronizer again, for subsequent use;
2.. the ulva lactuca powder preparation: bright sea lettuce is through cleaning, remove impurity, through the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, the centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000-10000 rev/min, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10 minute, enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 ℃, and dry 2-5 hour, moisture was controlled at 10-18%, be crushed to the 100-200 order, for subsequent use;
3.. the parts by weight by each component regulation add waterside lichenin, ulva lactuca powder, defatted fish flour, shrimp chaff, the female life of food, yeast, B B-complex, composite mineral salt, stir to be mixed with stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed.
Feeding method: every day is by the 1-6% weighing feed of stichopus japonicus children ginseng weight, doubly adds ooze with the 1-3 of feed weight.Divide sooner or later and throw something and feed for twice.Note observing the stichopus japonicus children and join the situation of ingesting, to reduce residual bait amount as principle, the increase and decrease feeding volume as far as possible.
Embodiment 1
1. waterside lichenin preparation: after bright Enteromorpha is salvaged, clean, remove impurity, use the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, rotating speed is 5000 rev/mins, and the centrifugal dehydration time is 8 minutes.Enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 105 ℃, and about 5 hours, moisture was controlled at 10-18%.Be crushed to the meal shape with pulverizer first, behind about 40 orders, be crushed to 200 orders through micronizer again, put drying and locate for subsequent use.
2. ulva lactuca powder preparation: bright sea lettuce is removed impurity through cleaning, and uses the centrifugal dehydration centrifugal dehydration, and rotating speed is 5000 rev/mins, and the centrifugal dehydration time is 5 minutes.Enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 105 ℃, and about 4 hours of drying time, moisture is controlled at 10-18%.Be crushed to 200 orders, put drying and locate for subsequent use.
3. by each component regulation requirement, add 30 kilograms of waterside lichenins, 20 kilograms of ulva lactuca powders, 8 kilograms of defatted fish flours, 10 kilograms of shrimp chaffs, female living 1.5 kilograms of food, 1.5 kilograms in yeast, 0.8 kilogram of B B-complex, 0.8 kilogram of composite mineral salt, stirring is mixed with stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed.
4. feeding method: every day is by 4% weighing feed of stichopus japonicus children ginseng weight, adds dried oozes with 2 times of feed weight.Divide sooner or later and throw something and feed for twice.Note observing the stichopus japonicus children and join the situation of ingesting, to reduce residual bait amount as principle, the increase and decrease feeding volume as far as possible.
Embodiment 2
1. waterside lichenin preparation: after bright Enteromorpha is salvaged, clean, remove impurity, use the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, rotating speed is 8000 rev/mins, and the centrifugal dehydration time is 5 minutes.Enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 110 ℃, and about 4 hours, moisture was controlled at 10-18%.Be crushed to the meal shape with pulverizer first, about 40 orders are crushed to 400 orders through micronizer again, put drying and locate for subsequent use.
2. ulva lactuca powder preparation: bright sea lettuce is removed impurity through cleaning, the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, and rotating speed is 8000 rev/mins, the centrifugal dehydration time is 4 minutes.Enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 100 ℃, and about 4.5 hours of drying time, moisture is controlled at 10-18%.Be crushed to 200 orders, put drying and locate for subsequent use.
3. by each component regulation requirement, add 40 kilograms of waterside lichenins, 20 kilograms of ulva lactuca powders, 10 kilograms of defatted fish flours, 8 kilograms of shrimp chaffs, female living 2.0 kilograms of food, 1.8 kilograms in yeast, 1 kilogram of B B-complex, 1 kilogram of composite mineral salt, stirring is mixed with stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed.
4. feeding method: every day is by 3% weighing feed of stichopus japonicus children ginseng weight, adds dried oozes with 3 times of feed weight.Divide sooner or later and throw something and feed for twice.Note observing the stichopus japonicus children and join the situation of ingesting, to reduce residual bait amount as principle, the increase and decrease feeding volume as far as possible.
B B-complex in above-described embodiment can be prepared in following regulation ratio: contain vitamin A 1,000,000 IU, cholecalciferol 300,000 IU, vitamin E 4000mg in the described B B-complex of per 1000 grams, prokeyvit 1000mg, vitamin B1 2000mg, vitamin B2 1500mg, vitamin B6 2000mg, cobalamin 5mg, vitamin C 18000mg, biotin 10mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 200mg, pantothenic acid 5000mg, inositol 10000mg, surplus is glucose transporter.
Composite mineral salt in above-described embodiment can be prepared in following regulation ratio: contain iron 10000mg in the described composite mineral salt of per 1000 grams, copper 6000 mg, zinc 24000 mg, manganese 12000 mg, magnesium 30000 mg, iodine 100 mg, selenium 80-100 mg, cobalt 800 mg, surplus is the stone flour auxiliary material.
The B B-complex of the above-mentioned type and composite mineral salt market are on sale, also can buy in market.
Claims (7)
1. the stichopus japonicus children take Enteromorpha as primary raw material joins feed, it is characterized in that each component and the parts by weight of described stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed are: waterside lichenin 10-50 part, ulva lactuca powder 10-50 part, defatted fish flour 8-10 part, shrimp chaff 8-10 part, the female 1-2 of giving birth to of food part, yeast 1-2 part, B B-complex 0.5-1.5 part, composite mineral salt 0.5-1.5 part.
2. a kind of stichopus japonicus children take Enteromorpha as primary raw material according to claim 1 joins feed, it is characterized in that, contain vitamin A 1,000,000 IU in the described B B-complex of per 1000 grams, cholecalciferol 300,000 IU, vitamin E 4000mg, prokeyvit 1000mg, vitamin B1 2000mg, vitamin B2 1500mg, vitamin B6 2000mg, cobalamin 5mg, vitamin C 18000mg, biotin 10mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 200mg, pantothenic acid 5000mg, inositol 10000mg, surplus is glucose transporter.
3. a kind of stichopus japonicus children take Enteromorpha as raw material according to claim 1 joins feed, it is characterized in that, contain iron 10000mg, copper 6000 mg, zinc 24000 mg in the described composite mineral salt of per 1000 grams, manganese 12000 mg, magnesium 30000 mg, iodine 100 mg, selenium 80-100 mg, cobalt 800 mg, surplus is the stone flour auxiliary material.
4. a kind of stichopus japonicus children take Enteromorpha as raw material according to claim 1 joins feed, and it is characterized in that: the order scope of counting of described waterside lichenin is the 200-400 order.
5. a kind of stichopus japonicus children take Enteromorpha as primary raw material according to claim 1 joins feed, and it is characterized in that: the order scope of counting of described ulva lactuca powder is the 100-200 order.
6. the stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed producing method take Enteromorpha as primary raw material claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described preparation method carries out in the steps below,
1.. waterside lichenin preparation: after bright Enteromorpha is salvaged, clean, remove impurity, through the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, the rotating speed of centrifugal dehydrator is 5000-10000 rev/min, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10 minute, enters the drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 ℃, dry 3-6 hour, moisture was controlled at 10-18%, be crushed to the 40-80 order with pulverizer first after, be crushed to the 200-400 order through micronizer again, for subsequent use;
2.. the ulva lactuca powder preparation: bright sea lettuce is through cleaning, remove impurity, through the centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, the centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000-10000 rev/min, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10 minute, enter the drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 ℃, and dry 2-5 hour, moisture was controlled at 10-18%, be crushed to the 100-200 order, for subsequent use;
3.. the parts by weight by each component regulation add waterside lichenin, ulva lactuca powder, defatted fish flour, shrimp chaff, the female life of food, yeast, B B-complex, composite mineral salt, stir to be mixed with stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed.
7. the feeding method of the stichopus japonicus children ginseng feed take Enteromorpha as primary raw material claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feeding method: every day is by the 1-6% weighing feed of stichopus japonicus children ginseng weight, doubly adds ooze with the 1-3 of feed weight, minute sooner or later throws something and feeds for twice.
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| CN110583907A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-20 | 山东康科润海洋科技有限公司 | Sea cucumber compound feed based on enteromorpha and preparation method thereof |
| CN114631596A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 大连鑫玉龙海洋生物种业科技股份有限公司 | Special paste bait for sea cucumber auricular larvae |
| CN114365710A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏海洋大学 | In-situ resource utilization method for tail water of stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond |
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