CN115119678A - Pinus sylvestris forestation method - Google Patents
Pinus sylvestris forestation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115119678A CN115119678A CN202210740317.3A CN202210740317A CN115119678A CN 115119678 A CN115119678 A CN 115119678A CN 202210740317 A CN202210740317 A CN 202210740317A CN 115119678 A CN115119678 A CN 115119678A
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- 235000008582 Pinus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- 241001521402 Maackia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
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- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pinus sylvestris forestation method, which belongs to the technical field of pinus sylvestris forestation and comprises the following steps: laying sand barriers, planting shrubs, changing soil, watering, covering with film, covering baskets for protection, and managing and protecting after forests. In the step of soil replacement planting, through mixing the loessal soil and the soil repairing agent and combining the other steps, through adjusting the soil structure, improving the water permeability of the soil and optimizing the moisture and nutrient conditions of the soil, the survival rate and the preservation rate of the pinus sylvestris in the maosu area are improved, the growth of the pinus sylvestris in sandy land is promoted, and the harm brought by wind erosion and sand burying is relieved. And the soil remediation agent can save water and avoid waste of water resources while increasing the survival rate of forestation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pinus sylvestris forestation, in particular to a pinus sylvestris forestation method.
Background
The pinus sylvestris is a good tree species for preventing wind and fixing sand and needle leaves, is quick in growth, strong in adaptability, is suitable for sunshine and is favored by acid soil, pinus sylvestris is introduced to develop sand control and forestation in Shaanxi province in the 20 th century in 60 years, and the Maowu sand land is a water-plant fertile and beautiful place before, so that the current salinized sand land is formed due to unreasonable reclamation and vegetation destruction of people. At present, pinus sylvestris has become evergreen tree species with better effect in windbreak and sand fixation forestation of Maackia yunnanensis sand lands in northern Shaanxi, and has positive control effect on desertification of local lands. However, due to the aggravation of salinization of sandy soil, the afforestation preservation rate, the forest growth amount and the soil water content of pinus sylvestris are reduced, in the afforestation, in order to improve the saline-alkali soil and improve the survival rate of pinus sylvestris, the prior art usually adopts simple density adjustment to prevent and control, and in the aspect of soil remediation, engineering measures such as water diversion and sand pressing, drainage ditch digging, high-platform land preparation and the like are adopted for improvement, but the methods have large investment and are easily influenced by factors such as terrain, water source and economy.
Polyacrylamide has good water absorption and retention capacity, can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, but the traditional polyacrylamide has limited water retention performance, is easy to cause soil hardening, reduces the water permeability of the soil, and simultaneously contains a large amount of soluble cations in saline-alkali soil, so that the absorption efficiency is greatly reduced, and the water retention performance of the polyacrylamide is seriously reduced. Therefore, a method for afforesting the pinus sylvestris is urgently needed at present, the problem of salinization of soil is improved and the conditions of low survival rate and low preservation rate of the pinus sylvestris are delayed by combining the afforestation step with a soil repairing agent specially used for saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a pinus sylvestris forestation method, in the large pit soil replacement in the pinus sylvestris forestation step, the soil remediation agent and the yellow cotton soil are mixed, so that the soil structure can be adjusted, the water and nutrient conditions of the soil can be improved, the pinus sylvestris forestation step is cooperated, the growth of the pinus sylvestris in the sand is promoted, the harm caused by wind erosion sand burying is reduced, and the problems of the survival rate and the preservation rate of the pinus sylvestris are solved.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
a pinus sylvestris forestation method comprises the following steps:
(1) laying a sand barrier: setting up a grid sand barrier on the sand;
(2) planting shrubs: planting shrub seedlings at the corners of the grid sand barriers;
(3) soil replacement and planting: digging planting holes in the gaps of the sand barriers, spreading mixed soil at the bottoms of the planting holes, planting pinus sylvestris after watering, backfilling the planting holes to two thirds of the positions with yellow cotton soil, filling the rest part with aeolian sandy soil, and watering thoroughly;
preferably, the seedlings are more than 3 years old, the ground diameter is more than 0.50cm, the height of the seedlings is more than 20.0cm, the trunks are straight and full, the root system is developed and complete, the lateral roots and fibrous roots are more, and the lignification degree is higher, and the pinus sylvestris is planted, and the root system touches the bottom of a planting hole or is deeply planted to the first round of lateral branches during planting;
(4) watering and laminating: after planting and watering, selecting a colorless transparent film, taking the trunk of the sapling as the center before the surface is dry, and placing 1 block of 1m 2 The left and right films are covered on the tree tray of each tree and are tightly attached to the surface of the tree pit, and after the films are laid, the peripheries of the films are covered with soil to prevent water loss and wind scraping;
(5) basket sleeving protection: sheathing a protective basket on each seedling, and pricking the legs and the feet of the protective basket into the soil by a shovel when the seedling is sheathed with the cage, so that the protective basket is firmly erected on the ground;
(6) and (3) post-forest management and protection: checking and replanting at regular intervals; weeding and nursing are carried out every year, and harm to trees caused by animals and the like is avoided.
Furthermore, the following method can be preferably adopted for paving the sand barrier, and the specific steps are as follows:
a. the method comprises the following steps of erecting a sand barrier before afforestation, determining the trend of the sand barrier according to a main wind direction, selecting a laying mode according to the flow degree of sand soil to be a grid sand barrier, wherein the grid sand barrier is chessboard-shaped in appearance, the trend of one side of the sand barrier is approximately vertical to a main wind direction, and the other side of the sand barrier is parallel to the wind direction;
b. setting a base line according to the line spacing, and slotting according to the base line, wherein the standard of 1m multiplied by 1m or 2m multiplied by 2m is commonly used;
c. uniformly and sufficiently placing the sand barrier material into the groove, and then pricking the sand barrier material into the groove from the middle of the groove by using a spade, wherein the pricking depth is preferably 20cm above the ground;
d. fill the groove with earth and tread down with feet to keep it upright.
Furthermore, the material for setting up the grid sand barrier is selected from one or more of stumping branches and stems of straws, salix mongolica, amorpha fruticosa and desert poles.
Further, the shrub seedling is one or more of nitrogen-fixing shrubs such as amorpha fruticosa, caragana microphylla, sea buckthorn and the like,
preferably selecting shrub seedlings with the seedling age of more than one year, wherein the ground diameter is more than 0.3cm, branches with the trunk length of more than 40cm are cut off, 2-3 plants are planted in each hole during planting, the row spacing of the plants is 1m multiplied by 3m, and the seedlings are planted at the corners of the grid sand barriers.
Preferably, in soil replacement planting, planting holes are dug in the sand barrier grids according to the planting density of 18 plants/mu, and the specification of the planting holes is 60cm multiplied by 60 cm.
Further, the dosage of the soil repairing agent in the planting holes is 300-600 g/hole, and the mixed soil adopted in the soil changing planting step is prepared by mixing the yellow soft soil and the soil repairing agent according to the proportion of 12.5: 1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
Further, the soil remediation agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide particles, 10-14 parts of dried salix mongolica stems, 0.1-0.2 part of ethylenediamine, 3-5 parts of sodium periodate, 12-20 parts of acrylamide, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.2 part of ammonium persulfate, 0.1-0.2 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and 40-70 parts of compound fertilizer.
Further, the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 8-15 parts of urea, 6-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5-18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-20 parts of potassium sulfate and 1-2 parts of trace elements.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the soil remediation agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) pulverizing dried Salix psammophila stem into fine residue of 0.4-0.6mm, soaking in 2% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing to neutrality, filtering, adding ethylenediamine, sodium periodate and water, stirring for reaction, filtering again, and drying to obtain pretreated Salix psammophila residue;
(2) mixing nano silicon dioxide particles with water to prepare a nano silicon dioxide particle aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3%, adding the pretreated salix mongolica residues, uniformly stirring, and treating for 4-10min under the microwave of 500-800W to obtain modified salix mongolica residues;
(3) mixing the modified salix mongolica slag and water in a ratio of 1: (40-60), heating to 50-80 ℃, stirring for 30-40min, uniformly mixing, adding ammonium persulfate, continuously stirring for 15-30min at constant temperature, adding acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 2-6h, adding a compound fertilizer, continuously stirring for 4h to colloid, cooling and drying to constant weight, grinding and crushing to obtain the soil remediation agent.
The method comprises the steps of dissolving and removing a part of lignin and hemicellulose in the salix mongolica residues by using a sodium hydroxide solution, selectively oxidizing the salix mongolica residues by using ethylenediamine and sodium periodate to increase the surface adsorption capacity of the salix mongolica residues, modifying the salix mongolica residues by using nano silicon dioxide through microwave assistance to roughen the surfaces of the salix mongolica residues and increase the specific surface area, and meanwhile, the toughness of the salix mongolica residues can be improved, the service life is prolonged, the porosity of the salix mongolica residues is increased, and the water permeability is improved. Meanwhile, the nano silicon dioxide is dispersed in a salix mongolica residue system, so that the surface of the nano silicon dioxide contains rich hydroxyl, and the hydrophilicity of the salix mongolica residue is further improved. Ammonium persulfate is decomposed into free radicals, the free radicals are formed on the salix mongolica cellulose framework by means of chain transfer, and then the free radicals are grafted with polyvinyl alcohol and acrylamide to enable cellulose, the polyvinyl alcohol and the acrylamide to be mutually crosslinked, so that a three-dimensional network structure with rich pores is formed, and the water permeability is further improved. The prepared soil remediation agent has rich network pore structures, and can form a new salt-tolerant water-retaining material and prevent soil hardening due to high hydrophilicity and high water permeability.
Has the beneficial effects that:
1. the soil repairing agent prepared by modifying the salix mongolica residues has high-efficiency water absorption performance, and simultaneously retains the original advantages of environmental friendliness and easiness in degradation of the salix mongolica residues.
2. The soil remediation agent prepared by the invention has strong adsorption effect, can be suitable for salinized sand, and can be mixed with yellow cotton soil in the soil changing and planting process, so that the soil remediation agent can be crosslinked with soil to form aggregates, the porosity of the soil is increased, the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil is improved, the water permeability of the soil is improved, the soil hardening is prevented, and the growth and survival of pinus sylvestris are facilitated
3. The fertilizer in the soil remediation agent improves the nutrient condition of saline-alkali soil, remarkably improves the survival rate and the preservation rate of the pinus sylvestris in the maosu area, promotes the growth of the pinus sylvestris in the sand, slows down the harm caused by wind erosion and sand burying, and can save water and avoid the waste of water resources while greatly increasing the survival rate of forestation.
Drawings
FIG. 1: example 5 pinus sylvestris one year after application of a soil remediation agent;
FIG. 2: example 5 pinus sylvestris three years after application of a soil remediation agent.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings:
example 1: compound fertilizer
The compound fertilizer adopted by the invention can be prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring the following raw materials in proportion:
8-15kg of urea, 6-10kg of phosphogypsum, 5-18kg of calcium superphosphate, 2-20kg of potassium sulfate and 1-2kg of trace elements, wherein the trace elements comprise 12% of copper ions, 25% of iron ions, 20% of manganese ions, 13% of zinc ions and 30% of boron ions.
Preferably, the following mixture ratio is selected:
proportioning one:
8kg of urea, 6kg of phosphogypsum, 5kg of calcium superphosphate, 2kg of potassium sulfate and 1kg of trace elements.
Proportioning two:
15kg of urea, 10kg of phosphogypsum, 18kg of calcium superphosphate, 20kg of potassium sulfate and 2kg of trace elements.
Proportioning three:
11kg of urea, 8kg of phosphogypsum, 11kg of calcium superphosphate, 11kg of potassium sulfate and 1.5kg of trace elements.
Example 2: soil remediation agent 1
The implementation comprises the following raw materials by weight:
10kg of nano silicon dioxide particles, 10kg of dry salix mongolica stems, 0.1kg of ethylenediamine, 3kg of sodium periodate, 12kg of acrylamide, 3kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1kg of ammonium persulfate, 0.1kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and 40kg of compound fertilizer.
In the invention, when pinus sylvestris forestation is carried out, a soil repairing agent needs to be prepared preferentially and is used for being mixed with yellow cotton soil and filled into planting holes, and the soil repairing agent of the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
(1) crushing the dried salix mongolica stalks into fine slag with the thickness of 0.4mm, soaking the fine slag in a 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing the fine slag to be neutral by using clear water, filtering the solution, adding ethylenediamine, sodium periodate and water, stirring the mixture to react for 30min, filtering the mixture again, and drying the mixture to obtain pretreated salix mongolica slag;
(2) mixing the nano-silica particles with water to prepare a nano-silica particle aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3%, adding the pretreated salix mongolica residues, uniformly stirring, and performing microwave treatment at 500W for 4min to obtain modified salix mongolica residues;
(3) mixing the modified salix mongolica slag and water in a ratio of 1: 40, heating, stirring at 50 ℃ for 30min, adding ammonium persulfate, continuing to stir at the constant temperature of 50 ℃ for 15min, adding acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 6h, adding the compound fertilizer prepared in the first proportioning step in the embodiment 1, continuing to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 4h to colloid, cooling, drying at low temperature to constant weight, grinding and crushing to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Example 3: soil remediation agent 2
The implementation comprises the following raw materials by weight:
15kg of nano silicon dioxide particles, 14kg of dry salix mongolica stems, 0.2kg of ethylenediamine, 5kg of sodium periodate, 20kg of acrylamide, 5kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2kg of ammonium persulfate, 0.2kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and 70kg of compound fertilizer.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) crushing the dried salix mongolica stalks into fine slag with the thickness of 0.6mm, soaking the fine slag in a 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing the fine slag to be neutral by using clear water, filtering the solution, adding ethylenediamine, sodium periodate and water, stirring the mixture to react for 35min, filtering the mixture again, and drying the mixture to obtain pretreated salix mongolica slag;
(2) mixing nano silicon dioxide particles with water to prepare a nano silicon dioxide particle aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3%, adding pretreated salix mongolica residues, uniformly stirring, and performing microwave irradiation at 800W for 10min to obtain modified salix mongolica residues;
(3) mixing the modified salix mongolica slag and water in a ratio of 1: 60, heating, stirring at 80 ℃ for 40min, adding ammonium persulfate, continuing to stir at the constant temperature of 50 ℃ for 30min, adding acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 6h, adding the compound fertilizer prepared in the second preparation method in the embodiment 1, continuing to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 4h to colloid, cooling, drying at low temperature to constant weight, grinding and crushing to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Example 4: soil remediation agent III
The implementation comprises the following raw materials by weight:
13kg of nano silicon dioxide particles, 12kg of dry salix mongolica stems, 0.15kg of ethylenediamine, 4kg of sodium periodate, 16kg of acrylamide, 4kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.15kg of ammonium persulfate, 0.15kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and 55kg of compound fertilizer.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) crushing the dried salix mongolica stalks into fine slag with the thickness of 0.5mm, soaking the fine slag in a 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing the fine slag to be neutral by using clear water, filtering the solution, adding ethylenediamine, sodium periodate and water, stirring the mixture to react for 30min, filtering the mixture again, and drying the mixture to obtain pretreated salix mongolica slag;
(2) mixing the nano-silica particles with water to prepare a nano-silica particle aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3%, adding the pretreated salix mongolica residues, uniformly stirring, and performing microwave treatment at 650W for 7min to obtain modified salix mongolica residues;
(3) mixing the modified salix mongolica slag and water in a ratio of 1: 50, heating, stirring at 65 ℃ for 35min, adding ammonium persulfate, continuing to stir at the constant temperature of 65 ℃ for 23min, adding acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 4h, then adding the compound fertilizer prepared in the third step in the embodiment 1, continuing to stir at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 4h to colloid, cooling and drying at low temperature to constant weight, and grinding and crushing to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Comparative example 1: soil remediation agent
The comparative example is compared with the example 3, and the main difference is that the salix mongolica stalks are not treated by adding sodium periodate in the preparation process of the step (1), the mixture ratio of other raw materials is the same as that of the steps (2) and (3) in the example 3, and the specific preparation step of the step (1) is as follows:
(1) crushing the dried salix mongolica stalks into fine slag with the thickness of 0.6mm, soaking in a 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing to be neutral, filtering, adding ethylenediamine and water, stirring to react, filtering again, and drying to obtain the pretreated salix mongolica slag.
Comparative example 2: soil remediation agent five
The comparative example is compared with the example 3, and the main difference is that the ethylene diamine is not added in the preparation process of the step (1) to treat the salix mongolica stalks, the mixture ratio of the ammonium persulfate and the N, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide is not added in the preparation process of the step (3), and is the same as that of the step (2) and the example 3, and the specific preparation step of the step (1) is as follows:
(1) crushing the dried salix mongolica stalks into fine slag with the thickness of 0.6mm, soaking the fine slag in a 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing the fine slag to be neutral by using clear water, filtering the solution, adding sodium periodate and water, stirring the solution for reaction for 30min, filtering the solution again, and drying the solution to obtain pretreated salix mongolica slag;
(2) mixing the nano-silica particles with water to prepare a nano-silica particle aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3%, adding the pretreated salix mongolica residues, uniformly stirring, and performing microwave irradiation at 800W for 10min to obtain modified salix mongolica residues;
(3) mixing the modified salix mongolica slag and water in a ratio of 1: 60, heating, stirring at 50 ℃ for 40min, adding acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 6h, adding the compound fertilizer prepared in the second step in the embodiment 1, continuously stirring at 80 ℃ for 4h to colloid, cooling, drying at low temperature to constant weight, grinding and crushing to obtain the soil remediation agent.
Comparative example 3: soil repairing agent
The comparative example is compared with the example 3, and the main difference is that the nano silicon dioxide particle aqueous solution is not prepared in the preparation process of the step (2) to modify the salix mongolica stalks, the mixture ratio of the rest raw materials is the same as that of the steps (1) and (3) in the example 3, and the specific preparation step of the step (2) is as follows:
(2) mixing the pretreated salix mongolica slag with water, uniformly stirring, and performing microwave irradiation at 800W for 10min to obtain modified salix mongolica slag;
experiment 1: test for Water Evaporation
(1) Weighing saline-alkali soil sieved by a sieve of 10 meshes, equally dividing into 6 groups, wherein each group is 250g, 1g of the soil remediation agent prepared in the example 3 and the comparative examples 1-3 is respectively added into each group, a control group selects a common polyacrylamide water-retaining agent, the materials are uniformly mixed, and no soil remediation agent is added into a blank control group.
(2) The method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing a soil remediation agent and saline-alkali soil, pouring the mixture into 250mL beakers with the same specification, slowly adding 2L of deionized water into the beakers, directly adding 2L of deionized water into a blank control group, placing the beakers in a 30 ℃ thermostat for natural evaporation for 10 days after water completely permeates into the soil, weighing the beakers every 2 days, wherein the weight reduction value of the beakers is the soil water evaporation loss, and the results are shown in Table 1.
(3) And after the evaporation test is finished, pouring the soil in the beaker on paper, and naturally drying the paper to determine the influence of the soil remediation agent on the evaporation loss of the soil moisture. Wherein, the soil remediation agents prepared in example 3 and comparative examples 1-3 are used for water evaporation test, and the soil water evaporation loss amounts are respectively marked as group 1.1, group 1.2, group 1.3, group 1.4 and group 1.5, and are polyacrylamide water retention agents purchased on the net.
TABLE 1
| Soil water evaporation cumulative loss% | 2d | 4d | 6d | 8d | 10d |
| Group 1.1 | 16.7 | 40.3 | 63.6 | 79.3 | 82.4 |
| Group 1.2 | 26.3 | 57.6 | 82.5 | 90.7 | 92.3 |
| Group 1.3 | 29.7 | 65.4 | 88.1 | 93.2 | 94.9 |
| Group 1.4 | 24.2 | 55.9 | 80.3 | 88.4 | 90.1 |
| Group 1.5 | 40.4 | 65 | 86.7 | 91 | 93.5 |
| Blank control | 70.5 | 80.9 | 95.3 | 98.9 | 99.1 |
Analysis of table 1 can yield:
1. the trend of soil water evaporation of the soil remediation agents prepared by each group in the water evaporation test shows a trend of increasing firstly and then slowing down, the blank control group without any substance loses 70.5% of water in 2 days, and after 10 days, the water evaporation loss amount in the soil reaches 99.1%, so that the soil remediation agents added in the groups 1.1-1.4 and the polyacrylamide water-retaining agents added in the groups 1.5 have certain water retention capacity.
2. The sodium periodate or the ethylenediamine is not added in the comparative example 1 (group 1.2) and the comparative example 2 (group 1.3), and the accumulated loss of soil moisture evaporation reaches more than 92.3% at the 10 th day, which shows that the ethylenediamine and the sodium periodate synergistically act on the salix mongolica residues to selectively oxidize the salix mongolica residues and increase the water absorption capacity of the salix mongolica residues. Comparative example 3 (group 1.4) the salix mongolica slag is modified without adding nano silica particles, the water evaporation is quicker than that of group 1.1 in the test, and the water evaporation amount is higher after 10 days, which shows that the salix mongolica slag is modified by the nano silica particle aqueous solution in the invention, and the hydrophilicity of the salix mongolica slag is increased.
3. The group 1.5 is a control group, a common polyacrylamide water-retaining agent is selected, the evaporation capacity of the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent after 2 days reaches 70.5%, the evaporation capacity of the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent after 10 days reaches 99.1%, the group 1.1 selects the soil repairing agent prepared in the embodiment 3, the evaporation loss of the soil water at 10d is only 82.4%, 16.7% less than that of a blank control group, and 11.1% less than that of the group 1.5, and compared with the embodiment 3, the polyacrylamide has no good water retention performance and is not suitable for saline-alkali soil, but the addition of the soil repairing agent disclosed by the invention can inhibit the evaporation loss of the water in the saline-alkali soil.
Experiment 2: leaching test of soil remediation agent
Four treatments were set according to the soil remediation agent addition amounts prepared in example 3, namely, the soil remediation agent addition amounts were 0.00%, 0.01%, 0.10% and 1% of the weight of the saline-alkali soil, respectively, and each treatment was set to three times. And pouring the soil remediation agent with different amounts into a leaching column which is sealed by a sealing film and is padded with 25g of quartz sand and 250g of saline-alkali soil, and adding 25g of quartz sand into the leaching column as a covering surface for leaching test in order to prevent the soil layer from being disturbed when water is added.
And during primary leaching, adding 200mL of deionized water into the leaching column for the first time, standing for 1d, removing the sealing film at the water outlet after the soil remediation agent, the soil and the water are fully mixed, slowly dripping 200mL of deionized water into the leaching column by using a transfusion tube with a cover to prevent the influence of water evaporation loss in the leaching process, and collecting the leaching solution for 3 d. And adding 200mL of deionized water into the leaching column for second leaching, leaching at intervals of 3d according to the same operation, collecting the leaching solution for 5 times, measuring the content of nitrogen and potassium after the leaching solution is subjected to constant volume in a 250mL volumetric flask, and measuring the cumulative result for 5 times as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
| Addition amount/percent of soil remediation agent | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 1.00 |
| Nitrogen leaching cumulative loss/%) | 98.6 | 66.0 | 71.8 | 88.7 |
| Potassium leaching cumulative loss/%) | 59.4 | 27.8 | 32.6 | 44.8 |
The data in table 2 were analyzed:
the soil repairing agent has an inhibiting effect on the leaching loss of the nitrogenous fertilizer and the potash fertilizer in the saline-alkali soil, and the inhibiting effect is more and more obvious along with the increase of the adding amount of the repairing agent. The group with the soil remediation and the addition of 0% is used as blank treatment, and the rest groups are respectively compared with the blank treatment, when the addition of the soil remediation agent is 0.01% of the weight of the soil, the leaching accumulated loss of nitrogen is reduced by 32.6%, the loss of potassium is reduced by 31.6%, when the addition of the soil remediation agent is 0.10%, the leaching accumulated loss of nitrogen is reduced by 26.8%, the loss of potassium is reduced by 26.8%, when the addition of the soil remediation agent is 1%, the leaching accumulated loss of nitrogen is reduced by 9.9%, and the loss of potassium is reduced by 14.6%. Therefore, the minimum accumulated loss amount of leaching of nitrogen and potassium is 0.01% of the soil repairing agent, which shows that the addition amount of the soil repairing agent is better, the difference between the two treatments with the addition amounts of the soil repairing agent of 0.10% and 1.00% is obvious relative to the blank, but the effect is obviously inferior to the final effect with the addition amount of the soil repairing agent of 0.01%, and the soil repairing agent dosage in the planting hole is 600 g/hole which is the best according to the size of the planting hole with the conventional specification during pinus sylvestris forestation.
Example 5: pinus sylvestris forestation
Selecting 2-year-old amorpha fruticosa shrubs with ground diameter of 0.35cm and cut branches with trunk length of more than 40cm for standby;
selecting Pinus sylvestris seedlings with the seedling age of 4 years, the ground diameter of 0.55cm, the seedling height of 25.0cm, straight and full trunks, developed and complete root systems, more lateral roots and fibrous roots and higher lignification degree for later use;
(1) laying sand barriers: setting up a grid sand barrier on the sand; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of erecting a sand barrier before afforestation, determining the trend of the sand barrier according to a main wind direction, selecting a laying mode according to the flow degree of sand soil to be a grid sand barrier, wherein the grid sand barrier is chessboard-shaped in appearance, the trend of one side of the sand barrier is approximately vertical to a main wind direction, and the other side of the sand barrier is parallel to the wind direction;
b. setting a base line according to the row spacing, slotting according to the base line, and selecting a specification of 2m multiplied by 2 m;
c. uniformly and sufficiently placing the stumping branches of the salix mongolica serving as a sand barrier material into the groove, and then pricking the branches into the groove from the middle of the groove by using a shovel, wherein the pricking depth is preferably 20cm above the ground;
d. fill the groove with earth and tread down with feet to keep it upright.
(2) Planting shrubs: planting selected amorpha fruticosa shrub seedlings at the corners of the grid sand barriers, wherein 3 plants are planted in each hole, and the row spacing is 1m multiplied by 3 m;
(3) soil replacement and planting: planting holes are dug in the clearance of the sand barriers according to 18 plants/mu, the specification of the planting holes is 60cm multiplied by 60cm, and the weight ratio of yellow cotton soil and the soil remediation agent prepared in example 1 is 12.5: 1, spreading mixed soil at the bottom of a planting hole, wherein the using amount of the soil repairing agent is 500 g/hole, planting pinus sylvestris after watering, enabling a root system to touch the bottom of the planting hole or deeply planting the pinus sylvestris to a first round of lateral branch during planting, backfilling the root system to two thirds of the planting hole by using yellow cotton soil, filling the rest part by using aeolian sandy soil, and watering thoroughly;
(4) watering and laminating: after planting and watering, selecting a colorless transparent film, taking the trunk of the sapling as the center before the surface is dry, and placing 1 block of 1m 2 The left and right films are covered on the tree plate of each tree and are tightly attached to the surface of the tree pit, and after the films are laid, the periphery of the films is covered with soil to prevent water loss and wind scraping;
(5) basket sleeving protection: sheathing a protective basket on each seedling, and pricking the legs and the feet of the protective basket into the soil by a shovel when the seedling is sheathed with the cage, so that the protective basket is firmly erected on the ground;
(6) and (3) post-forest management and protection: checking and replanting at regular intervals; weeding and nursing are carried out every year, and harm to trees caused by animals and the like is avoided.
Experiment 3: detection of soil physicochemical properties
The pinus sylvestris afforestation experiment is carried out in the test base No. 1 of the Mao Wusu sand land, the test field is 20 mu, the test field is divided into 4 groups, each group is 5 mu, the soil property, the terrain and the habitat in the test base are basically the same, and the soil physical and chemical properties are as follows: the volume weight of the soil is 1.72g/cm 3 The soil texture is fine sand particles, and the pH value is 8.8.
When planting in the changed soil, directly backfilling with aeolian sandy soil, and recording as a group 3.1;
group 3.2 is backfilled to two thirds with yellow soft soil, and the rest part is filled with aeolian sandy soil;
group 3.3 when planting in soil change, the mixture of the yellow cotton soil and the conventional common polyacrylamide water-retaining agent is mixed according to the mass ratio of 6250 g: 500g, uniformly mixing, then backfilling the planting holes with yellow cotton soil to two thirds of the planting holes, and filling the rest parts with aeolian sandy soil;
group 3.4 the soil remediation agent prepared in example 3 was mixed with yellow woolly soil in a mass ratio of 500 g: 6250g, mixing, spreading at the bottom of the planting hole, backfilling with loess until two thirds of the planting hole, and filling the rest with sand;
the rest of the forestation steps for groups 3.1-3.4 were the same as in example 5.
The physical and chemical properties of different soils are measured one year after the pinus sylvestris is planted, sampling is carried out by adopting an S route, the sampling depth is 0-30cm, 10 sampling points are arranged in each group, 0.2kg of soil is collected at each sampling point, 1kg of soil is mixed and taken by utilizing a quartering method after collection, and the soil volume weight, the soil texture and the pH value of the soil are respectively tested, as shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
As can be seen from table 3:
1. when all the planting holes in the group 3.1 are backfilled with aeolian sandy soil, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are the worst, and the volume weight of the soil is 1.65g/cm 3 And the soil has too large pores, so that the evaporation speed of water and fertilizer is too high, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is insufficient, and the pH value is too high, so that the pinus sylvestris is not suitable for the growth of pinus sylvestris. After the planting holes of the group 3.1 are backfilled by the yellow cotton soil and the aeolian sandy soil according to the proportion, the physicochemical properties of the soil are improved, which indicates that the pure aeolian sandy soil is not suitable to be used as single backfilled soil and is not beneficial to the growth of pinus sylvestris.
2. As can be seen from the comparison between the groups 3.2 and 3.4, although the Huangmian soil can properly improve the physicochemical properties of the soil, the effect of the soil remediation agent prepared by the invention is still poor, and the comparison between the group 3.3 and the group 3.4 shows that the group 3.3 uses the polyacrylamide water retention agent while the Huangmian soil and the sandy soil are mixed, but the soil has the problems of hardening and low water retention property, which indicates that the pure polyacrylamide has limited water retention property, and simultaneously reduces the water permeability of the soil, so that the survival of the pinus sylvestris is not facilitated, and as can be seen from the graph 1, the pinus sylvestris which is only applied with the polyacrylamide has poor growth vigor and is not more conducive to the success of forest establishment.
3. The soil repairing agent provided by the invention improves the pH value of soil, repairs saline-alkali soil, simultaneously has no sand and non-stick soil texture, and has no hardening problem, because the soil has rich reticular pore structures, the soil has high hydrophilicity and high water permeability, oxygen, nutrition or moisture can better permeate into a deep layer instead of only staying on the surface, the pH reduction is more suitable for the growth of pinus sylvestris, the soil repairing agent is very important for dry and nutrient-poor roughy sand lands, the afforestation survival rate and the young forest growth quantity can be improved undoubtedly, and the soil repairing agent is particularly suitable for pinus sylvestris forestation of the saline-alkali soil.
Experiment 4: detecting influence of setting sand barrier on growth of pinus sylvestris
In the same experiment field of experiment 3, 12 mu of land is selected again to carry out a sand-barrier comparison experiment, the land is divided into two groups, each group is 6 mu, the afforestation is carried out according to the steps of the embodiment 5, the step is recorded as group 4.1, the step is also adopted in the other group, but the sand-barrier is not set up, the shrub is directly transplanted, and the step is recorded as group 4.2.
After afforestation, two groups of normal management and protection are carried out by the same method, trunk characteristics, trunk bending and wind collapse rate, survival rate, wind erosion sand burying rate, maximum sand burying depth and maximum wind erosion depth of two groups of pinus sylvestris are detected one year after afforestation, comparative analysis is carried out, and the influence results of laying and not laying sand barriers on afforestation are observed, as shown in table 4:
table 4: wind-proof and sand-fixing effect of sand barrier
As can be seen from fig. 2, the trunk of the pinus sylvestris laid with the sand barrier is straight, full and well grown, and the trunk without the sand barrier is bent, felled by wind and withered and yellow, as can be seen from table 4, the bending and felled rate of the trunk of the pinus sylvestris laid with the sand barrier is 11.0%, and the bending and felled rate of the trunk of the pinus sylvestris laid with the sand barrier is 47.0%; compared with the method without the sand barrier, the method has the advantages that the bending of the trunk and the wind fall rate are reduced by 36.0% by the sand barrier. The afforestation preservation rate of the built sand barrier is up to 100 percent, and the sand barrier-free forest land is 80.7 percent. The sand barriers are erected to improve the afforestation preservation rate by 19.3 percent. After the sand barrier is built, the probability that the sandstorm soil is taken away by wind to bury the pinus sylvestris is reduced, the sand erosion sand burying rate is 1.2 percent, the maximum sand burying depth is 2.0cm, and the maximum sand erosion depth is 1.0 cm; the wind erosion sand burying rate of the forest land without the built sand barrier is 25.8 percent, the maximum sand burying depth is 32.0cm, and the maximum wind erosion depth is 22.0 cm; compared with the method without the sand barrier, the sand barrier is arranged, so that the wind erosion sand burying rate of the pinus sylvestris is reduced by 24.6%, and the maximum sand burying depth and the wind erosion depth are respectively reduced by 16 times and 21 times. The building of the sand barrier can effectively reduce the harm of wind erosion and sand burying to the survival and growth of the trees, thereby improving the afforestation preservation rate and promoting the normal growth and development of the trees.
Experiment 5: influence of strong seedling deep planting on forestation
The experiment of the influence of strong seedling deep planting on afforestation is carried out in the experiment base No. 2 of the Maousu sand land, and the soil property is as follows: the water content of the soil is 3.81 percent, and the volume weight of the soil is 1.74g/cm 3 The mineral substance content of the soil is 11, the experimental field is 12 mu, the mineral substance content is divided into 2 groups, and the groups are recorded as 5.1 and 5.2.
The group 5.1 uses a strong seedling deep planting technology in the planting process, the specification of the dug planting hole is 60cm multiplied by 60cm, the group 5.2 adopts a conventional planting method, the specification of the planting hole is 30cm multiplied by 30cm, 3a strong seedlings and common seedlings in the same seedling stage are selected for planting seedlings, the initial height of the seedlings is recorded, normal management and maintenance are carried out, the height of pinus sylvestris trees is recorded in 12 months every year, and the continuous 5 years are kept. Detecting the survival rate of two mu of land after five years of afforestation, simultaneously measuring the ground diameter and the crown width of the pinus sylvestris, observing the results of laying sand barriers and not laying sand barriers, and carrying out comparative analysis to obtain the results shown in tables 5 and 6:
table 5: influence of strong seedling deep planting on afforestation effect
| Method of treatment | Storage ratio (%) | Height/cm of tree | Ground diameter/mm | Crown width/cm |
| Group 5.1 | 84.7 | 142.6 | 42.7 | 98.2 |
| Group 5.2 | 52.8 | 87.4 | 25.0 | 57.8 |
| Increment of | 31.9 | 65.2 | 17.7 | 40.4 |
| Amplification (%) | 31.9 | 51.9 | 70.8 | 69.9 |
As can be seen from Table 5, compared with conventional planting, strong seedling deep planting respectively increases the growth amounts of the tree height, the ground diameter and the crown width by 65.2cm, 17.7mm and 40.4cm, and the increase ranges are 63.2%, 96.5% and 69.9%. The statistical test results show that: the tree height and the ground diameter growth amount of the strong seedling deep planting are obviously higher than those of the conventional planting, and the crown growth amount of the strong seedling deep planting is obviously higher than that of the conventional planting. This indicates that: the growth amount of the pinus sylvestris young forest depends on whether strong seedling deep planting measures are adopted or not, and the strong seedling deep planting improves the growth amounts of the height, the ground diameter and the crown width of the pinus sylvestris young forest, so that the closing of the forest is accelerated.
Table 6: influence of strong seedling deep planting on high growth process of young trees
| Amount of growth | Seedling stage | 1a | 2a | 3a | 4a | 5a |
| Deep cultivation of strong seedling (cm) | 11.9 | 11.0 | 16.1 | 18.7 | 22.5 | 30.6 |
| Growth in successive years (cm) | / | / | 5.1 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 8.1 |
| Conventional planting (cm) | 6.5 | 6.9 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 14.4 | 18.2 |
| Growth in successive years (cm) | / | / | 3.2 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 3.8 |
| Increment of | 5.4 | 4.1 | 6.0 | 7.3 | 8.1 | 12.4 |
| Amplification (%) | 83.1 | 59.4 | 59.4 | 64.0 | 56.2 | 68.1 |
As can be seen from Table 6, the tree height growth amounts of the strong seedlings and the normal seedlings during afforestation are 11.9cm and 6.5cm respectively, the difference between the tree height growth amounts and the normal seedlings is 5.4cm, and the strong seedlings are 83.1% higher than the normal seedlings. During 1a-5a after afforestation, the growth increment of the strong seedlings and the normal seedlings is increased from 4.1cm of 1a to 12.4cm of 5a, and the increase amplitude is always kept above 50.0%. It can also be seen from the table that: the two seedlings have the same change rule of the growth quantity in successive years, but the strong seedlings are always higher than the conventional seedlings. This indicates that: the combination of strong seedlings and deep planting promotes the growth of young forests, and strong seedlings can keep the growth advantages for a long time.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (9)
1. The pinus sylvestris forestation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) laying sand barriers: setting up a grid sand barrier on the sand;
(2) planting shrubs: planting shrub seedlings at the corners of the grid sand barriers;
(3) soil replacement and planting: digging planting holes in the clearance of the sand barriers, paving the bottom of the planting holes with mixed soil, planting pinus sylvestris after watering, backfilling the planting holes with yellow soft soil to two thirds of the planting holes, filling the rest parts with wind sand soil, and watering thoroughly;
(4) watering and laminating: after planting and watering, selecting a colorless transparent film, taking the trunk of a sapling as the center before the ground surface is dry, covering the film on the tree tray of each tree, tightly adhering to the surface of a tree pit, and covering soil around the film after the film is laid;
(5) basket sleeving protection: sheathing a protective basket on each seedling, and pricking the legs and the feet of the protective basket into the soil by a shovel when the seedling is sheathed with the cage, so that the protective basket is firmly erected on the ground;
(6) and (3) post-forest management and protection: the plants are inspected and replanted regularly, and weeding and nursing work are carried out every year.
2. The method for afforesting the pinus sylvestris according to claim 1, wherein the material for building the grid sand barrier is any one or more of straw, salix psammophila, amorpha fruticosa and punt poles.
3. The method for afforesting the pinus sylvestris according to claim 1, wherein the shrub seedlings are selected from one or more of amorpha fruticosa, caragana microphylla and sea buckthorn.
4. The method for forestation of pinus sylvestris according to claim 1, wherein the specifications of the planting holes in the soil-changing planting step are 60cm x 60 cm.
5. The pinus sylvestris forestation method according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the soil remediation agent in the planting hole is 300-600 g/hole.
6. The method for forestation of pinus sylvestris according to claim 1, wherein the mixed soil adopted in the soil-changing planting step is prepared from yellow-cotton soil and a soil remediation agent according to the proportion of 12.5: 1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
7. The method for the forestation of pinus sylvestris according to any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the raw materials of the soil remediation agent comprise the following raw materials in parts by mass:
10-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide particles, 10-14 parts of dried salix mongolica stems, 0.1-0.2 part of ethylenediamine, 3-5 parts of sodium periodate, 12-20 parts of acrylamide, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.2 part of ammonium persulfate, 0.1-0.2 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and 40-70 parts of compound fertilizer.
8. The pinus sylvestris forestation method according to claim 7, wherein the soil remediation agent is prepared by the following steps:
(1) crushing the dried salix mongolica stalks into fine slag with the thickness of 0.4-0.6mm, soaking in a 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution for 30min, washing to be neutral, filtering, adding ethylenediamine, sodium periodate and water, stirring for reaction, filtering again, and drying to obtain pretreated salix mongolica slag;
(2) mixing the nano silicon dioxide particles with water to prepare a nano silicon dioxide particle aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3%, adding the pretreated salix mongolica slag, uniformly stirring, and obtaining modified salix mongolica slag under the microwave of 500-800W;
(3) mixing the modified salix mongolica slag and water in a ratio of 1: (40-60), heating to 50-80 ℃, stirring for 30-40min, uniformly mixing, adding ammonium persulfate, continuously stirring for 15-30min at constant temperature, adding acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 2-6h, adding the compound fertilizer, continuously stirring for 4h to colloid, cooling and drying to constant weight, grinding and crushing to obtain the soil remediation agent.
9. The pinus sylvestris forestation method according to claim 8, characterized in that the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 8-15 parts of urea, 6-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5-18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-20 parts of potassium sulfate and 1-2 parts of trace elements.
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