CN115046446B - Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method - Google Patents
Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115046446B CN115046446B CN202210753555.8A CN202210753555A CN115046446B CN 115046446 B CN115046446 B CN 115046446B CN 202210753555 A CN202210753555 A CN 202210753555A CN 115046446 B CN115046446 B CN 115046446B
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- hole
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for pre-splitting blasting of large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging, which comprises the following steps: step 1: carrying out the construction of the buffer hole, the main gun hole and the smooth surface hole on a pre-burst site; step 2: delivering the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive, and manufacturing an initiating explosive; step 3: the bottom of the smooth hole is preloaded with No. 2 rock emulsion explosive of about 1 meter, and a PVC pipe is installed to the bottom of the hole and connected by a direct connector. The beneficial effects are that: the invention adopts a PVC pipe continuous uncoupled charging structure, only uses two power generation electronic detonators, and the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in the detonating pipe replaces the traditional detonating cable discontinuous uncoupled charging structure, thereby greatly reducing the blasting material and labor cost and achieving the expected blasting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of open pit mining pre-splitting blasting, in particular to a large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method.
Background
When the open-pit mine is mined to a final stage, blasting work involves the problem of slope stability protection, presplitting blasting is to drill a row of parallel deep holes with small hole pitch along the designed excavation outline, the explosive loading is reduced, an uncoupled explosive loading structure is adopted, the explosion is carried out before the main explosion blast hole in the excavation area is blasted, a flat presplitting seam is formed in the direction of connecting lines among the presplitting holes, and after the presplitting seam is formed, the main explosion blast hole and the buffer blast hole are blasted.
However, the current blasting method has the following problems: 1. the joint between the previous shot smooth surface hole and the next shot smooth surface hole is easy to generate stretch cracking, so that uneven rock wall and even oversized overdrawing are caused; 2. when the gun area is uneven, especially the height difference is too large, the direction of the drilling opening is inaccurate, so that the drilling angle deviation is large, and the hole bottom is not on the same straight line; 3. the last row of smooth holes are easy to produce punching phenomena, which is not beneficial to safety; 4. the drilling skill level is different, the technical level is different, the drilling angle does not meet the design requirement, the forward inclination of part of blastholes after blasting is larger, and the step width is insufficient; 5. the reinforced charging of the bottom of the light surface hole and the buffer hole is insufficient, and the bottom is easy to generate; 6. excessive hole pitch causes overexcavation, and the unevenness exceeds 30cm; 7. the insufficient width of the shot region leads to the fact that the main blast holes and the buffer holes cannot be arranged locally, and the large block rate is increased after the blasting of only arranging the light face holes; 8. when the rock mass is broken, the half-hole rate is reduced after blasting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method for large-aperture continuous uncoupled charge pre-split blasting.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
the method for pre-splitting blasting of large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out the construction of the buffer hole, the main gun hole and the smooth surface hole on a pre-burst site;
step 2: delivering the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive, and manufacturing an initiating explosive;
step 3: pre-installing No. 2 rock emulsion explosive at the bottom of the smooth surface hole by about 1 meter, installing a PVC pipe to the bottom of the hole and connecting the PVC pipe with a direct connector;
step 4: filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to 1/3 blast holes by using a funnel, then putting an initiating explosive, and continuously filling the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to 2/3 blast holes;
step 5: putting a second initiating explosive into the gun hole, filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a position 1.8m away from the hole opening, and filling an braided bag outside the gun hole to a position 1.8m away from the hole opening;
step 6: the drill cuttings are used for filling the inside and the outside of the pipe to the orifice, and then the pipe can be connected, alerted and detonated.
Furthermore, in the step 1, when the blast holes are arranged, the buffer holes and the main blast holes are not arranged in front of the reserved 5 smooth holes, and the next blast holes are tightly connected when being distributed, so that the problems of uneven rock wall and even oversized excavation caused by easy generation of pull cracks at the connection position between the previous blast smooth hole and the next blast smooth hole can be effectively avoided.
Further, in the step 1, when the gun positions are cleaned, a crusher is used for assisting, the flatness of the gun regions is improved, the height difference is reduced, meanwhile, when the main gun body is thicker and the gun hole rows are more, the light surface blasting is used, the pre-splitting blasting is used when the rows are less and the rock integrity is worse, the final detonation quality can be effectively ensured, and the expected detonation effect is achieved.
Furthermore, in the step 1, old belts are adopted for new when holes are formed, training of driller technology is enhanced, drilling quality is strictly required, the drilling process is strictly controlled, and the excavating quality of the holes can be effectively ensured.
Further, basic parameters of blasting are as follows: the main gun hole aperture is 121mm, the step height is 20m, the hole depth is 22m, the super depth is 2m, the charging length is 20.2m, the charging amount is 16.2kg, the charging length is 1.8m, the smooth surface hole pitch is 2.2m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.4m, the smooth surface hole and buffer hole pitch is 2m, the main gun hole pitch is 6.5m, the pitch is 4.5m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.5m, the drilling angle is 80 degrees, the outer diameter of the PVC pipe is 50mm, the inner diameter is 46mm, the uncoupled coefficient is 2.6, the linear charging density is 0.8kg/m, the pre-splitting Kong Xian detonates, the delay time difference between the detonating agent and the main gun hole is more than or equal to 100ms, the main gun hole and the post-buffering hole are initiated, kong Jian delays for 17ms, the inter-row delay time is 42ms, and the expected detonating effect can be improved on the premise of ensuring the detonating safety by strictly controlling the detonating parameters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a PVC pipe continuous uncoupled charging structure, only uses two power generation electronic detonators, and the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in the detonating pipe replaces the traditional detonating cable discontinuous uncoupled charging structure, thereby greatly reducing the blasting material and labor cost and achieving the expected blasting effect.
Detailed Description
The method for pre-splitting blasting of large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out the construction of the buffer hole, the main gun hole and the smooth surface hole on a pre-burst site;
step 2: delivering the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive, and manufacturing an initiating explosive;
step 3: pre-installing No. 2 rock emulsion explosive at the bottom of the smooth surface hole by about 1 meter, installing a PVC pipe to the bottom of the hole and connecting the PVC pipe with a direct connector;
step 4: filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to 1/3 blast holes by using a funnel, then putting an initiating explosive, and continuously filling the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to 2/3 blast holes;
step 5: putting a second initiating explosive into the gun hole, filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a position 1.8m away from the hole opening, and filling an braided bag outside the gun hole to a position 1.8m away from the hole opening;
step 6: the drill cuttings are used for filling the inside and the outside of the pipe to the orifice, and then the pipe can be connected, alerted and detonated.
In this embodiment, in the step 1, when arranging the blastholes, the buffer holes and the main blastholes are not arranged in front of the reserved 5 smooth holes, and the next blastholes are tightly connected when being distributed, so that the problem that the connection part between the previous blasthole and the next blasthole is easy to generate a pull crack, so that the rock wall is uneven and even oversized is caused can be effectively avoided.
In this embodiment, the step 1 is assisted by the crusher when cleaning the gun positions, so as to improve the flatness of the gun region, reduce the height difference, and simultaneously, when the main gun body is thicker and the gun hole rows are more, the light surface blasting is used, and when the rows are less and the rock integrity is worse, the pre-splitting blasting is used, so that the final detonation quality can be effectively ensured, and the expected detonation effect is achieved.
In this embodiment, in the step 1, old and new belts are adopted when the holes are formed, so that training of driller technology is enhanced, drilling quality is strictly required, the drilling process is strictly controlled, and the excavation quality of the holes can be effectively ensured.
In this embodiment, basic parameters of blasting are as follows: the main gun hole aperture is 121mm, the step height is 20m, the hole depth is 22m, the super depth is 2m, the charging length is 20.2m, the charging amount is 16.2kg, the charging length is 1.8m, the smooth surface hole pitch is 2.2m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.4m, the smooth surface hole and buffer hole pitch is 2m, the main gun hole pitch is 6.5m, the pitch is 4.5m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.5m, the drilling angle is 80 degrees, the outer diameter of the PVC pipe is 50mm, the inner diameter is 46mm, the uncoupled coefficient is 2.6, the linear charging density is 0.8kg/m, the pre-splitting Kong Xian detonates, the delay time difference between the detonating agent and the main gun hole is more than or equal to 100ms, the main gun hole and the post-buffering hole are initiated, kong Jian delays for 17ms, the inter-row delay time is 42ms, and the expected detonating effect can be improved on the premise of ensuring the detonating safety by strictly controlling the detonating parameters.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for pre-splitting blasting of the large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out the construction of the buffer hole, the main gun hole and the smooth surface hole on a pre-burst site;
step 2: delivering the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive, and manufacturing an initiating explosive;
step 3: pre-installing No. 2 rock emulsion explosive at the bottom of the smooth surface hole by about 1 meter, installing a PVC pipe to the bottom of the hole and connecting the PVC pipe with a direct connector;
step 4: filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to 1/3 blast holes by using a funnel, then putting an initiating explosive, and continuously filling the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to 2/3 blast holes;
step 5: putting a second initiating explosive into the gun hole, filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a position 1.8m away from the hole opening, and filling an braided bag outside the gun hole to a position 1.8m away from the hole opening;
step 6: the drill cuttings are used for filling the inside and the outside of the pipe to the orifice, and then the pipe can be connected, alerted and detonated.
2. The method of large aperture continuous non-coupled charge pre-split blasting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, when the blast holes are arranged, the buffer holes and the main blast holes are not arranged in front of the reserved 5 smooth holes, and the next blast holes are tightly connected when the blast holes are distributed.
3. The method of large aperture continuous non-coupled charge pre-split blasting according to claim 1, wherein: the breaker is used to assist when clearing up the big gun position in step 1, improves the roughness in big gun district, reduces the difference in height, simultaneously when the main big gun body is thicker, and big gun hole row number is when more, uses smooth face blasting, and row number is less and rock mass integrality is relatively poor when using presplitting blasting.
4. The method of large aperture continuous non-coupled charge pre-split blasting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, old belts are adopted to be new when holes are formed, training of driller technology is enhanced, drilling quality is strictly required, and the drilling process is strictly controlled.
5. The method of large aperture continuous non-coupled charge pre-split blasting according to claim 1, wherein: basic parameters of blasting are as follows: the hole diameter of the main gun hole is 121mm, the step height is 20m, the hole depth is 22m, the ultra-deep is 2m, the charging length is 20.2m, the charging amount is 16.2kg, the charging length is 1.8m, the hole pitch of the smooth surface hole is 2.2m, the hole pitch of the buffer hole is 4.4m, the hole pitch of the smooth surface hole and the buffer hole is 2m, the hole pitch of the main gun hole is 6.5m, the hole pitch is 4.5m, the hole pitch of the buffer hole is 4.5m, the drilling angle is 80 degrees, the outer diameter of the PVC pipe is 50mm, the inner diameter is 46mm, the uncoupling coefficient is 2.6, the linear charging density is 0.8kg/m, the pre-cracking Kong Xian detonates, the delay time difference between the main gun hole and the hole is more than or equal to 100ms, the delay time of the main gun hole and the buffer hole is 17ms after the buffer hole is initiated, and the delay time of Kong Jian ms is 42ms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210753555.8A CN115046446B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210753555.8A CN115046446B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115046446A CN115046446A (en) | 2022-09-13 |
| CN115046446B true CN115046446B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110779403A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-02-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Hole-by-hole initiation presplitting blasting crack forming method for open-air deep hole step presplitting hole under complex environment |
| CN113670150A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-19 | 苏州中车建设工程有限公司 | Safe and efficient composite blasting method for urban railway tunnel |
| CN214950943U (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中铁五局集团贵州工程有限公司 | A all round hole loaded constitution for plain noodles control blasting |
| CN215864925U (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-02-18 | 中核华辰建筑工程有限公司 | Deep hole blasting base plane protection device |
-
2022
- 2022-06-28 CN CN202210753555.8A patent/CN115046446B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110779403A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-02-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Hole-by-hole initiation presplitting blasting crack forming method for open-air deep hole step presplitting hole under complex environment |
| CN113670150A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-19 | 苏州中车建设工程有限公司 | Safe and efficient composite blasting method for urban railway tunnel |
| CN215864925U (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-02-18 | 中核华辰建筑工程有限公司 | Deep hole blasting base plane protection device |
| CN214950943U (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中铁五局集团贵州工程有限公司 | A all round hole loaded constitution for plain noodles control blasting |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刚果（金）"露天金属矿预裂***技术;张震宇;现代矿业(第第5期期);第238-240页 * |
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