CN114953691B - 一种抗菌耐磨面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌耐磨面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114953691B
CN114953691B CN202210705683.5A CN202210705683A CN114953691B CN 114953691 B CN114953691 B CN 114953691B CN 202210705683 A CN202210705683 A CN 202210705683A CN 114953691 B CN114953691 B CN 114953691B
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layer
fiber
wear
antibacterial
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CN114953691A (zh
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李海霞
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Puning Yaxiufen Garment Co ltd
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗菌耐磨面料，包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶5‑25份、聚酯溶液60‑80份和芳纶树脂聚合液80‑100份；抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银‑海藻酸盐‑丝胶复合物1‑10份、改性壳聚糖1‑10份、纳米改性竹炭1‑10份、竹浆70‑90份和聚酯溶液40‑60份。本发明生物相容性以及亲肤性好，抑制各种有害细菌和螨虫的生产，提高抗菌抑菌性和抗过敏性。

Description

一种抗菌耐磨面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织面料技术领域，具体涉及一种抗菌耐磨面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
面料就是用来制作服装的材料。作为服装三要素之一，面料不仅可以诠释服装的风格和特性，而且直接左右着服装的色彩、造型的表现效果。在户外应用纺织品时，除了考虑纺织品的外观性能，舒适性能，还应该考虑纺织品的耐磨和抗菌效果。现有的具备抗菌性能的织物一般是在织物上附有一些抗菌的组合物，这些组合物通常是无机化合物或天然提取的一些抗菌物质，这些化合物在纺织品使用过程中，织物与外界物体摩擦，纺织品的抗菌效果会显著下降，影响了纺织品的抗菌性能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种抗菌耐磨面料，生物相容性以及亲肤性好，抑制各种有害细菌和螨虫的生产，提高抗菌抑菌性和抗过敏性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采取如下技术方案：一种抗菌耐磨面料，包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；
所述的耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶5-25份、聚酯溶液60-80份和芳纶树脂聚合液80-100份；
所述的抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物1-10份、改性壳聚糖1-10份、纳米改性竹炭1-10份、竹浆70-90份和聚酯溶液40-60份。
进一步地，所述的耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶12-15份、聚酯溶液66-72份和芳纶树脂聚合液89-95份。
进一步地，所述的抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物1-5份、改性壳聚糖1-5份、纳米改性竹炭1-5份、竹浆70-80份、聚酯溶液50-60份。
进一步地，所述的吸湿透气层的经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织；其中包芯纱一采用超细异形腈纶纤维和海藻纤维作为芯纱，芯纱的中心为海藻纤维，外周围绕3-5根超细异形腈纶纤维；所述外包纤维为太极石粘胶纤维；所述包芯纱二的芯纱为莫代尔纤维，所述外包纤维为亲水抗菌纤维、发热纤维和光谱纤维组成的复合纤维。
进一步地，所述的亲水抗菌纤维的制备方法如下：将壬菌铜和载银抗菌剂添加入亲水性聚合物中，进行熔融纺丝制得。
进一步地，所述的纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物的制备方法：
1）提取丝胶蛋白：将蚕茧清洗后至于脱胶溶液中，与80-100℃进行脱胶处理，脱胶液过滤；
2）将丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐混合溶解；向脱胶液中加入纳米银，以1-3℃/min的速率升温至42℃后，降温；
3） 纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物制备：向步骤2）的溶液中加入纳米银分散液，混合，搅拌。
本发明还公开一种抗菌耐磨面料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下方法：
1）耐磨层的制备：将聚酯溶液和芳纶聚合物同时从喷丝孔喷出，所述的喷丝孔包括中部的用于聚酯溶液喷出孔和围绕在聚酯溶液喷出孔四周的四个芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔；所述的芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔由调节组件调节其转动，转动角度为1°，在聚酯纤维外覆盖波浪形的芳纶树脂纤维层；从喷丝孔喷出的纤维外层喷涂纳米硅凝胶；
2）抗菌层的制备：将淀粉-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物、改性壳聚糖、纳米改性竹炭、竹浆和聚酯溶液混合后制备纺丝纤维，将制得的纺丝纤维交织形成抗菌层；
3）吸湿透气层的制备：经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织制得吸湿透气层。
进一步地，所述步骤1）中在喷丝出口处设置有纳米硅凝胶喷头，用于向喷出的纤维丝上喷射纳米硅凝胶。
本发明的有益效果为：
1）本发明的面料生物相容性以及亲肤性好，抑制各种有害细菌和螨虫的生产，提高抗菌抑菌性和抗过敏性。
2）本发明用过耐磨纤维结构的改进和耐磨纤维层的制备可以有效提高面料的耐磨性能，所制备的面料不易磨损，寿命更长。
3）本发明的面料具有良好的透气性和吸湿性，环保卫生，绿色经济，并且对皮肤表层具有良好的保护作用。
具体实施方式
下面将通过具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
为本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料，包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶5份、聚酯溶液60份和芳纶树脂聚合液80份；抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物1份、改性壳聚糖1份、纳米改性竹炭1份、竹浆70份和聚酯溶液60份。
吸湿透气层的经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织；其中包芯纱一采用超细异形腈纶纤维和海藻纤维作为芯纱，芯纱的中心为海藻纤维，外周围绕3根超细异形腈纶纤维；所述外包纤维为太极石粘胶纤维；所述包芯纱二的芯纱为莫代尔纤维，所述外包纤维为亲水抗菌纤维、发热纤维和光谱纤维组成的复合纤维。
亲水抗菌纤维的制备方法如下：将壬菌铜和载银抗菌剂添加入亲水性聚合物中，进行熔融纺丝制得。
纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物的制备方法：
1）提取丝胶蛋白：将蚕茧清洗后至于脱胶溶液中，与80℃进行脱胶处理，脱胶液过滤；
2）将丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐混合溶解；向脱胶液中加入纳米银，以1℃/min的速率升温至42℃后，降温；
3） 纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物制备：向步骤2）的溶液中加入纳米银分散液，混合，搅拌。
本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料的制备方法，包括如下方法：
1）耐磨层的制备：将聚酯溶液和芳纶聚合物同时从喷丝孔喷出，所述的喷丝孔包括中部的用于聚酯溶液喷出孔和围绕在聚酯溶液喷出孔四周的四个芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔；所述的芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔由调节组件调节其转动，转动角度为1°，在聚酯纤维外覆盖波浪形的芳纶树脂纤维层；从喷丝孔喷出的纤维外层喷涂纳米硅凝胶；在喷丝出口处设置有纳米硅凝胶喷头，用于向喷出的纤维丝上喷射纳米硅凝胶；
2）抗菌层的制备：将淀粉-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物、改性壳聚糖、纳米改性竹炭、竹浆和聚酯溶液混合后制备纺丝纤维，将制得的纺丝纤维交织形成抗菌层；
3）吸湿透气层的制备：经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织制得吸湿透气层。
实施例2
本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料，包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶25份、聚酯溶液80份和芳纶树脂聚合液100份；抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物10份、改性壳聚糖10份、纳米改性竹炭10份、竹浆90份和聚酯溶液40份。
吸湿透气层的经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织；其中包芯纱一采用超细异形腈纶纤维和海藻纤维作为芯纱，芯纱的中心为海藻纤维，外周围绕4根超细异形腈纶纤维；所述外包纤维为太极石粘胶纤维；所述包芯纱二的芯纱为莫代尔纤维，所述外包纤维为亲水抗菌纤维、发热纤维和光谱纤维组成的复合纤维。
亲水抗菌纤维的制备方法如下：将壬菌铜和载银抗菌剂添加入亲水性聚合物中，进行熔融纺丝制得。
纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物的制备方法：
1）提取丝胶蛋白：将蚕茧清洗后至于脱胶溶液中，于100℃进行脱胶处理，脱胶液过滤；
2）将丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐混合溶解；向脱胶液中加入纳米银，以3℃/min的速率升温至42℃后，降温；
3） 纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物制备：向步骤2）的溶液中加入纳米银分散液，混合，搅拌。
实施例3
本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料，包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶12份、聚酯溶液66份和芳纶树脂聚合液89份。
抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物5份、改性壳聚糖5份、纳米改性竹炭1份、竹浆70份、聚酯溶液50份。
吸湿透气层的经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织；其中包芯纱一采用超细异形腈纶纤维和海藻纤维作为芯纱，芯纱的中心为海藻纤维，外周围绕5根超细异形腈纶纤维；所述外包纤维为太极石粘胶纤维；所述包芯纱二的芯纱为莫代尔纤维，所述外包纤维为亲水抗菌纤维、发热纤维和光谱纤维组成的复合纤维。
亲水抗菌纤维的制备方法如下：将壬菌铜和载银抗菌剂添加入亲水性聚合物中，进行熔融纺丝制得。
纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物的制备方法：
1）提取丝胶蛋白：将蚕茧清洗后至于脱胶溶液中，与90℃进行脱胶处理，脱胶液过滤；
2）将丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐混合溶解；向脱胶液中加入纳米银，以2℃/min的速率升温至42℃后，降温；
3） 纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物制备：向步骤2）的溶液中加入纳米银分散液，混合，搅拌。
本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料的制备方法，包括如下方法：
1）耐磨层的制备：将聚酯溶液和芳纶聚合物同时从喷丝孔喷出，所述的喷丝孔包括中部的用于聚酯溶液喷出孔和围绕在聚酯溶液喷出孔四周的四个芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔；所述的芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔由调节组件调节其转动，转动角度为1°，在聚酯纤维外覆盖波浪形的芳纶树脂纤维层；从喷丝孔喷出的纤维外层喷涂纳米硅凝胶；在喷丝出口处设置有纳米硅凝胶喷头，用于向喷出的纤维丝上喷射纳米硅凝胶。
2）抗菌层的制备：将淀粉-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物、改性壳聚糖、纳米改性竹炭、竹浆和聚酯溶液混合后制备纺丝纤维，将制得的纺丝纤维交织形成抗菌层；
3）吸湿透气层的制备：经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织制得吸湿透气层。
实施例4
本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料，包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶15份、聚酯溶液72份和芳纶树脂聚合液95份。
抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物1份、改性壳聚糖1份、纳米改性竹炭1份、竹浆80份、聚酯溶液60份。
吸湿透气层的经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织；其中包芯纱一采用超细异形腈纶纤维和海藻纤维作为芯纱，芯纱的中心为海藻纤维，外周围绕5根超细异形腈纶纤维；所述外包纤维为太极石粘胶纤维；所述包芯纱二的芯纱为莫代尔纤维，所述外包纤维为亲水抗菌纤维、发热纤维和光谱纤维组成的复合纤维。
亲水抗菌纤维的制备方法如下：将壬菌铜和载银抗菌剂添加入亲水性聚合物中，进行熔融纺丝制得。
纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物的制备方法：
1）提取丝胶蛋白：将蚕茧清洗后至于脱胶溶液中，与100℃进行脱胶处理，脱胶液过滤；
2）将丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐混合溶解；向脱胶液中加入纳米银，以2℃/min的速率升温至42℃后，降温；
3） 纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物制备：向步骤2）的溶液中加入纳米银分散液，混合，搅拌。
本发明的一种抗菌耐磨面料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下方法：
1）耐磨层的制备：将聚酯溶液和芳纶聚合物同时从喷丝孔喷出，所述的喷丝孔包括中部的用于聚酯溶液喷出孔和围绕在聚酯溶液喷出孔四周的四个芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔；所述的芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔由调节组件调节其转动，转动角度为1°，在聚酯纤维外覆盖波浪形的芳纶树脂纤维层；从喷丝孔喷出的纤维外层喷涂纳米硅凝胶；在喷丝出口处设置有纳米硅凝胶喷头，用于向喷出的纤维丝上喷射纳米硅凝胶；
2）抗菌层的制备：将淀粉-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物、改性壳聚糖、纳米改性竹炭、竹浆和聚酯溶液混合后制备纺丝纤维，将制得的纺丝纤维交织形成抗菌层；
3）吸湿透气层的制备：经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织制得吸湿透气层。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，不用于限制本发明，本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗菌耐磨面料，其特征在于：包括表层的耐磨层、中层的抗菌层以及里层的吸湿透气层；耐磨层、抗菌层和吸湿透气层通过接结经连接；
所述的耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶5-25份、聚酯溶液60-80份和芳纶树脂聚合液80-100份；
所述的抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物1-10份、改性壳聚糖1-10份、纳米改性竹炭1-10份、竹浆70-90份和聚酯溶液40-60份；所述的吸湿透气层的经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织；其中包芯纱一采用超细异形腈纶纤维和海藻纤维作为芯纱，芯纱的中心为海藻纤维，外周围绕3-5根超细异形腈纶纤维；外包纤维为太极石粘胶纤维；所述包芯纱二的芯纱为莫代尔纤维，外包纤维为亲水抗菌纤维、发热纤维和光谱纤维组成的复合纤维；
抗菌耐磨面料的制备方法，包括如下方法：
1）耐磨层的制备：将聚酯溶液和芳纶聚合物同时从喷丝孔喷出，所述的喷丝孔包括中部的用于聚酯溶液喷出孔和围绕在聚酯溶液喷出孔四周的四个芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔；所述的芳纶树脂聚合液喷丝孔由调节组件调节其转动，转动角度为1°，在聚酯纤维外覆盖波浪形的芳纶树脂纤维层；从喷丝孔喷出的纤维外层喷涂纳米硅凝胶；
2）抗菌层的制备：将纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物、改性壳聚糖、纳米改性竹炭、竹浆和聚酯溶液混合后制备纺丝纤维，将制得的纺丝纤维交织形成抗菌层；
3）吸湿透气层的制备：经纱和纬纱均由包芯纱一和包芯纱二按照5:2的排列比交织制得吸湿透气层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌耐磨面料，其特征在于：所述的耐磨层由耐磨纤维交织而成；所述的耐磨纤维由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米硅凝胶12-15份、聚酯溶液66-72份和芳纶树脂聚合液89-95份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌耐磨面料，其特征在于：所述的抗菌层由以下重量份的组分组成：纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物1-5份、改性壳聚糖1-5份、纳米改性竹炭1-5份、竹浆70-80份、聚酯溶液50-60份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌耐磨面料，其特征在于：所述的亲水抗菌纤维的制备方法如下：将壬菌铜和载银抗菌剂添加入亲水性聚合物中，进行熔融纺丝制得。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌耐磨面料，其特征在于：所述的纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物的制备方法：
1）提取丝胶蛋白：将蚕茧清洗后至于脱胶溶液中，于80-100℃进行脱胶处理，脱胶液过滤；
2）将丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐混合溶解；向脱胶液中加入纳米银，以1-3℃/min的速率升温至42℃后，降温；
3） 纳米银-海藻酸盐-丝胶复合物制备：向步骤2）的丝胶蛋白和海藻酸盐溶液中加入纳米银分散液，混合，搅拌。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌耐磨面料，其特征在于：所述步骤1）中在喷丝出口处设置有纳米硅凝胶喷头，用于向喷出的纤维丝上喷射纳米硅凝胶。
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