Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high adhesion type train wheel, by which the adhesion force with the track is increased, and the train can be ensured to run stably at a high speed.
The invention relates to a high-adhesion train wheel, which comprises a wheel body, an adjusting cavity arranged in the middle of the wheel body and a passage adjusting device arranged in the adjusting cavity, wherein an even number of air passages are formed in the outer circle of the wheel body, the air passages are symmetrically distributed by taking the axis of the wheel body as the center and radially extend to be communicated with the adjusting cavity, and in the rotating process of the wheel body, the passage adjusting device is used for enabling the air passages which are rotated to the upper side of the wheel body to be in a vertical state to be communicated with the air passages which are rotated to the lower side of the wheel body to be in a vertical state and enabling the air passages in other states to be closed.
Further, regulation chamber and passageway adjusting device are coaxial setting and mutual conformal complex cylindricality structure with the wheel body, passageway adjusting device seals running fit installs in the regulation intracavity, the last vertical middle air flue of adjusting of having seted up of passageway adjusting device, passageway adjusting device is formed by being located the semicircular light portion in top and being located the semicircular counter weight portion concatenation that is located the below, counter weight portion weight is greater than light portion weight so that passageway adjusting device keeps invariable gesture in the wheel body rotation process, and middle air flue of adjusting maintains approximately vertical state when this invariable gesture to middle air flue upper end and the air flue intercommunication that rotates to the wheel body top and be vertical state under this state, middle air flue lower extreme and the air flue intercommunication that rotates to the wheel body below and be vertical state.
Further, the upper end of the middle adjusting air passage is an upward-enlarged fan-shaped opening, and the lower end of the middle adjusting air passage is a downward-enlarged fan-shaped opening.
Further, the excircle of the wheel body is positioned on one side of the air channel facing the rotation direction of the wheel body, a diversion trench is circumferentially formed, and the depth of the diversion trench is gradually reduced from one side far away from the air channel to one side close to the air channel in the circumferential direction.
Further, the passageway adjusting device is coaxially provided with an assembly hole, the assembly hole is mounted on a rotating shaft in the adjusting cavity in a rotating fit mode, and the middle part of the middle adjusting air passage is provided with middle branches which bypass the two sides of the circumference of the assembly hole in a bilateral symmetry mode.
Further, the adjusting cavity is of a counter bore structure formed in the outer end of the wheel body in the axial direction, a cover body is covered at the opening end of the adjusting cavity, and the rotating shaft is connected to the cover body.
Further, the axially inner end of the wheel body is provided with an axially extending assembly portion for mating with a train.
Further, the outer circles at the two ends of the wheel body in the axial direction are provided with flanges formed by radial protrusions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The gravity center of the passage adjusting device is positioned below the central axis, and the posture of the passage adjusting device is kept constant in the process of rotating the wheel body, namely the middle adjusting air passage is always kept in a vertical state, when the air passage rotates to the upper part and the lower part of the wheel body, the middle adjusting air passage is in butt joint communication with the middle adjusting air passage to form a through state, and at the moment, the lower air passage has an adsorption effect on a track, so that the adhesive force of the wheel body is improved; the adsorption effect can damage a film formed by snow or water stains on the track, the friction force between the wheel body and the track can be increased, and in addition, the air passages in other postures in the adsorption process are closed by the passage adjusting device, so that other air passages do not have airflow flow to reduce the influence on the rolling of the wheel body, and in addition, the airflow flow of the structure only occurs in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the wheel body and does not relate to the axial direction of the wheel body, so that pressure difference is not generated in the axial direction of the wheel body, and the deflection in the axial direction of the wheel body is not caused; the middle adjusting air passage is provided with two branches, the two branches circumferentially extend around the assembly hole, the bifurcation structure enables the air flow to have radial acting force in the left-right direction on the passage adjusting device, the acting force can assist the passage adjusting device to keep stable in posture, and the passage adjusting device can be effectively prevented from swinging.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a high adhesion formula train wheel, including wheel body 1, set up in the regulation chamber 2 at wheel body middle part and set up in the passageway adjusting device 3 in the regulation chamber, even number air flue 4 has been seted up to the wheel body excircle, and each air flue uses wheel body axis as central symmetry distribution and radial extension and regulation chamber intercommunication, and in the wheel body rotation in-process, passageway adjusting device is used for making the air flue that rotates to the wheel body top and be vertical state with rotate to the air flue intercommunication that is vertical state below the wheel body to make the air flue of other states seal. The utility model provides a wheel body, the wheel body is provided with four air flue, the wheel body is last to have offered four air flue, also can offer more air flue according to actual need on the wheel body, the air flue is even number and central symmetry distributes, the purpose is to guarantee at wheel body rotation in-process, when an air flue rotates to wheel body top and is vertical state, necessarily, it is vertical state to be to the wheel body below to have an air flue rotation, the air flue tip that lies in the below at this moment forms approximately sealedly on the track, combine the figure 2 to show, the wheel body is in the in-process of rolling left in the picture, the air current flows to the right side along wheel body excircle top, and flow through the vertical air flue tip of top, and form the low pressure area in wheel body excircle top department, and then make the air in the vertical air flue of top upwards flow, form the low pressure area in the vertical air flue of top, because the vertical air flue of top and the vertical air flue of below is the vertical air flue intercommunication of below this moment, the tip that makes the vertical air flue of below and track contact forms the adsorption effect, improve the adhesion of wheel body, and this adsorption effect can destroy the snow on the track or the water stain and form the track's membrane, can increase in the picture, the rolling force along the wheel body, and the axial direction is not in other axial direction is not in the axial direction of the wheel body is not influenced by the axial direction to the axial direction of the wheel body to the axial direction is adjusted to the air flow, and is not in the axial direction of the axial direction is adjusted to the axial direction of the wheel body.
In this embodiment, regulation chamber and passageway adjusting device are coaxial setting and mutual conformal complex cylindricality structure with the wheel body, passageway adjusting device seals running fit and installs in the regulation intracavity, the last vertical intermediate regulation air flue 5 of having seted up of passageway adjusting device, passageway adjusting device is by being located the top and is semicircular light portion 3a and being located the semicircular counter weight portion 3b concatenation formation that is located the below, counter weight portion weight is greater than light portion weight so that passageway adjusting device keeps invariable gesture at the wheel body rotation in-process, and intermediate regulation air flue maintains approximately vertical state when this invariable gesture to intermediate regulation air flue upper end and the air flue intercommunication that rotates to the wheel body top and be vertical state under this state, intermediate regulation air flue lower extreme and the air flue intercommunication that rotates to the wheel body below and be vertical state. The adjusting cavity and the passage adjusting device are preferably in clearance fit so that the passage adjusting device can relatively rotate in the adjusting cavity, a self-lubricating layer is preferably arranged at the inner circle of the adjusting cavity, at the moment, the outer circle of the passage adjusting device is contacted with the inner circle of the adjusting cavity to form a seal on the inner end part of the air passage, the seal structure formed by the structure is not absolute seal, the seal effect can be adjusted by adjusting the matching mode of the two structures, and the detailed description is omitted; in combination with the illustration of fig. 2, the light weight portion and the counterweight portion are in a semicircular structure, the light weight portion and the counterweight portion are preferably made of metal materials, the light weight portion and the counterweight portion can be integrally formed through welding, the gravity center adjustment is facilitated through a split structure, and the middle adjustment air passage is convenient to form, wherein the density of the counterweight portion is higher and better, the corresponding metal materials can be selected according to the actual density and the production cost, the structure enables the gravity center of the passage adjustment device to be located below the central axis, so that the counterweight portion is automatically provided with a torque for preventing the counterweight portion from rotating upwards, the upper posture of the counterweight portion is maintained, the passage adjustment device is kept constant in the rotation process of the wheel body, namely the purposes of rotating the wheel body and keeping the posture of the passage adjustment device constant are achieved, the middle adjustment air passage is always kept in a vertical state, the passage adjustment device is static and not meant to be absolutely static, the passage adjustment device is influenced by the rotation of the wheel body, in the actual process, the passage adjustment device can swing relatively, and at the moment, the middle adjustment air passage is correspondingly deflected by a certain angle in the vertical state, and the vertical state is not repeated here; when the air passage rotates to the upper part and the lower part of the wheel body, the air passage is in butt joint communication with the middle adjusting air passage to form a through state, at the moment, the air passage at the lower part generates an adsorption effect on the track, the structure can always ensure that the vertical air passage in contact with the track has the adsorption effect, and the air passages in other postures do not participate in work, so that the resistance of air flow to the wheel body can be reduced.
In this embodiment, the upper end of the middle adjusting air passage 5 is an upwardly enlarged fan-shaped opening, and the lower end of the middle adjusting air passage is a downwardly enlarged fan-shaped opening. The angle of the fan-shaped opening is preferably larger than 30 degrees, and the middle adjusting air passage of the structure is beneficial to being in butt joint communication with the vertical air passage, so that effective communication of the upper vertical air passage and the lower vertical air passage can be always ensured when the passage adjusting device swings under the influence of the wheel body, as shown in fig. 1.
In this embodiment, the outer circle of the wheel body is located at one side of the air channel 4 facing the rotation direction of the wheel body, and the depth of the diversion channel is gradually reduced from one side far away from the air channel to one side close to the air channel. The wheel body rotates clockwise in the opposite direction to the wheel body in combination with the rotation direction of the wheel body as shown in fig. 2, and then the wheel body rotates anticlockwise in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the wheel body, namely, the guide groove is positioned at one side of the outer end part of the air passage and is smaller than the axial width of the wheel body, and the arrangement of the guide groove can guide air flow to flow obliquely upwards at the end part of the vertical air passage above in combination with the arrangement of the guide groove as shown in fig. 2, so that a larger negative pressure area is formed at the end part of the air passage, a better suction effect can be formed inside the air passage, the suction effect of the vertical air passage below can be increased, and the attachment capability of the wheel body can be improved.
In this embodiment, the passageway adjusting device is coaxially provided with an assembly hole, the assembly hole is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 7 in the adjusting cavity 2, and the middle part of the middle adjusting air passage 5 is provided with middle branches 5a which are bilaterally symmetrical and bypass the circumference of the assembly hole. The left-right direction is consistent with the direction in fig. 2, and in combination with fig. 2, the air flow is subjected to a suction effect, flows from the lower vertical air passage to the upper vertical air passage, branches when flowing through the middle adjusting air passage, the two branches circumferentially extend around the assembly hole, the branching structure enables the air flow to have radial acting force in the left-right direction on the passage adjusting device, the acting force can assist the passage adjusting device to keep stable in posture, and the passage adjusting device can be effectively prevented from swinging.
In this embodiment, the adjusting cavity 2 is a counterbore structure formed at the axial outer end of the wheel body, the opening end of the adjusting cavity 2 is covered with a cover 8, and the rotating shaft 7 is connected to the cover. The cover body is connected to the wheel body through bolts, and the rotating shaft is integrated on the cover body as shown in the figure 1, so that the cover body and the passage adjusting device are convenient to disassemble and maintain; the passageway adjusting device is mounted on the rotating shaft in a rotating fit mode, and the gravity center of the passageway adjusting device is low, so that when the wheel body rotates, the rotating shaft rotates relative to the passageway adjusting device, and the passageway adjusting device maintains a constant posture.
In this embodiment, the axially inner end of the wheel body is provided with an axially extending mounting portion 9 for engagement with a train. In combination with the illustration of fig. 1, the assembly part is a shaft sleeve in transmission fit with the train shaft, of course, the assembly part can also be a shaft, and two ends of the shaft can be integrally formed with the two wheel bodies respectively, which is not described herein again;
in this embodiment, the outer circles at the two axial ends of the wheel body are provided with flanges 10 formed by radial protrusions. The flanges are clamped on two sides of the rail, so that derailment is prevented.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.