CN105365828A - Device for increasing adhesive force of high-speed train - Google Patents
Device for increasing adhesive force of high-speed train Download PDFInfo
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- CN105365828A CN105365828A CN201510950441.2A CN201510950441A CN105365828A CN 105365828 A CN105365828 A CN 105365828A CN 201510950441 A CN201510950441 A CN 201510950441A CN 105365828 A CN105365828 A CN 105365828A
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- train
- high speed
- nozzle
- air compressor
- jet plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
- B61C15/04—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels by controlling wheel pressure, e.g. by movable weights or heavy parts or by magnetic devices
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for increasing adhesive force of a high-speed train. The device is at least composed of an air compressor, compressed air pipes, a support, jet boards, spray nozzles, rainproof covers, springs, air bags and electric heating devices. All the devices are arranged on the car roof of the train. The jet boards provided with the spray nozzles are fixed to the support. The rainproof covers with the tensile springs are hinged to the jet boards through hinges. The electric heating devices are arranged on metal pipes on the inlet sections of the spray nozzles. When the train advances at a high speed, climbs a slope and is braked, high-pressure air generated by the air compressor is ejected out of the spray nozzles upwards at a high speed, downward recoil force is generated, normal pressure is then generated on rail faces, the driving wheel load of the train is increased, and therefore the adhesive force between wheels and rails is increased; in addition, because normal pressure is increased, longitudinal and transverse vibration of driving wheels is weakened, and the adhesion coefficient between the wheels and the rails is accordingly increased; when the train is driven at a medium and low speed, the air compressor is turned off, electric heating is stopped, and the rainproof covers fall on the jet boards through the springs of the rainproof covers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high speed train motive technical field, be specifically related to a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion.
Background technology
When locomotive or motor-car tractor-trailer train run, the power that driving wheel acts on rail under any circumstance can only equal at the most and can not be greater than adhesion, otherwise driving wheel will dally on rail, the locomotive tractive effort or braking force are sharply declined even disappear, this is very dangerous to the train in the train in climbing or braking.Driving wheel load
pand adhesive tractive effort
fpass be:
f=
p.
μ.
in formula, μ isadhesion coefficient is the coefficient of static friction on locomotive driving wheel and rail contact point.The driving wheel load that the locomotive of certain type has is fixed value, and the driving wheel load of locomotive just determines adhesive tractive effort by adhesion coefficient after determining.Adhesion coefficient is relevant with many factors, mainly contains: one, driving wheel strained condition, and the power that locomotive primary mover passes to driving wheel is balanced, stable, and adhesion coefficient is larger; Two, the state of driving wheel tread and Rail Surface, surface is smooth, dry, and adhesion coefficient is larger, if air spots, humidity or have frost, snow, ice, water, grease etc., then adhesion coefficient reduces; To spreading with short grained dry sand between driving wheel and rail, can increasing friction force, improve adhesion coefficient; Three, driving wheel diameter and assembling, the diameter of each driving wheel is more consistent, and it is more accurate to assemble, and adhesion coefficient is larger; Four, the radius of curve of circuit, radius of curve is less, and adhesion coefficient is lower; Five, train running speed, adhesion coefficient reduces with the raising of train running speed; External actual measurement shows, as speed V≤160km/h, the adhesion coefficient of electric locomotive (or motor train unit) is about 0.20 ~ 0.25; And as V=250 ~ 300km/h, it is visible that adhesion coefficient will be down to 0.05 ~ 0.03., when other condition is constant, the adhesion coefficient between wheel track declines clearly when train high-speed cruising; This is mainly because when high-speed cruising, the impact shock of train strengthens, caused by the longitudinal direction of wheel on rail level and horizontal slip strengthen. train is when high-speed cruising, it is the essential characteristic of Wheel/rail that wheel track low is sticked together with strong excitation vibration. on the other hand, along with the speed goes of high speed train is fast, the stopping distance of train is more and more longer, proposes increasing challenge to the safe operation of train, and following table is the distance under friction speed needed for emergency braking.
The brake equipment of high speed train and emergency stopping distance.
| Train model | Maximum speed/(km .h -1) | Brake mode | Gauged distance/m | Defective mode distance/m |
| 300 is (Japan) | 300 | Power+dish type | 4 960 | — |
| ICE (Germany) | 300 | Power, dish type+track | 3 450 | — |
| TGV-A (France) | 300 | Power, dish type | 3 500 | 4 500 |
| Beijing-Shanghai 300 km/h | 300 | Power, dish type+track | 3 700 | 4 500 |
| Beijing-Shanghai 350 km/h | 350 | Power, dish type+track | 6500 | — |
| Beijing-Shanghai 380 km/h | 380 | Power, dish type+track | 8500 | — |
As seen from the above table, traditional brake mode is under the initial velocity of speed per hour 300 kilometers, the stopping distance of about 4000 meters must be had, when being increased to 380 kilometers of speed per hours, stopping distance increases to 8500 meters, if bring up to 500 kilometers of speed per hours, stopping distance will sharply increase, obviously, the stopping distance of length like this cannot ensure in case of emergency train speed is being dropped to safe range, also be difficult to run in train front the dangerous situation of burst as landslide, landslide, stop in time during mountain torrents, this brings very large hidden danger to undoubtedly the safety traffic of high speed train. traces it to its cause, mainly lower friction brake force is difficult to effective increase at a high speed, dynamic brake then also can only provide about 30% of total braking force by the restriction of B.P., so there is braking force deficiency in traditional brake mode, the shortcoming that reliability is not high.
At present, the high speed train of 300 kilometers of speed per hours is popularized gradually, and more high speed train is also in the middle of research and development test.Along with train speed is more and more faster, the mode effect of traditional increase adhesive tractive effort is more and more not obvious, equally, also makes the braking of train more and more difficult.For this situation, the present invention devises a kind of device for improving train adhesion; Be the normal pressure by increasing train, raising adhesion coefficient realizes simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of device that reliably can increase high speed train wheel track adhesion.
Increase a device for high speed train adhesion, at least comprise air compressor, compressed air tube, support, jet plate, nozzle, rainproof cover, spring, air bag and electric heater unit.In train is advanced at a high speed, climbing or braking time, the high pressure air produced by air compressor upwards sprays from nozzle at high speeds, produces downward recoil, produces normal pressure to rail level, increases the driving wheel load of train, thus increases the binding force of train; Weaken longitudinal direction and the lateral vibration of driving wheel, thus the adhesion coefficient increased between wheel track also increases adhesion further simultaneously; When in train, low speed normally travels, air compressor shuts down, and electric heater unit cuts out, and rainproof cover drops on jet plate by self spring.
Described air compressor is horizontal-type compressor, is fixed on motor-car roof floor by shock absorption device; Air compressor exit gas pressure is not less than 0.4MPa; The outlet of air compressor is connected with compressed air tube.
Described air compressor provides power by the power equipment supply in motor-car, when running into contact system power supply trouble, is powered in time by standby battery in car; The equal installing insulating device in the bottom of air compressor and top.
Described support is the framework be welded by high-strength metal material, and be fixed on roof floor, its structure can bear large normal load.
Described jet plate is that high strength alloy steel is made, and also can be able to be rectangular plate for plectane, be fixed on support, jet plate has nozzle mounting hole.
Further, described jet plate must according to the force structure reasonable layout of car body on roof floor, and the normal force that jet plate produces should not destroy the force balance in compartment.
Described nozzle is Laval-cavity nozzle pattern, is made up of corrosion-resistant steel or other alloy steel, can be welded on the nozzle mounting hole of jet plate, also can be fixed on the mounting hole of jet plate with thread connecting mode; The import of nozzle is connected with compressed air tube.
Further, described nozzle, its inducer metal tube has enough length, has insulation sleeve and heat-insulation layer, install electric heater unit above outside metal tube; Described electric heater unit is line-frequency induction heating arrangement; According to ejection compressed air require be equipped with corresponding electric power.
Described rainproof cover is made up of corrosion-resistant steel or other material, and physical dimension is greater than the oad of jet plate; Be hinged on jet plate by loose-leaf, include stretching spring, be in closure state at ordinary times; When needs are jet, make it rotate be not less than 90 degree at compressed air-driven airbag-releasing rainproof cover, the nozzle exposed on jet plate carries out jet; After jet end, air bag deflation, the inner stretching spring contained of rainproof cover is closed automatically.
Described a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion, the height of its all devices comprised is not all higher than the minimum operating altitude of pantograph (comprising insulator) of place motor-car; This device can be contained on motor-car roof, also can be contained in trailer roof; An air compressor can be joined and overlapped jet plate more.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the driving wheel load that 1) can increase train improves adhesion coefficient simultaneously, has enough to stick together friction force when ensureing the train braking of high-speed cruising, shortens stopping distance, reduces the unexpected probability occurred; 2) traction friction force can be increased, ensure train smoothly by slope section; 3) can further improve the running velocity of train, and the impact of lift in train high-speed cruising can be reduced, increase the stationarity of train operation; 4) the axle weight of train can be reduced, play the advantage of power dispersion type train further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention schematic diagram (birds-eye view).
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in the figure, apparatus of the present invention are at least made up of air compressor 1, compressed air tube 2, support 3, jet plate 4, nozzle 5, rainproof cover 6, spring 7, air bag 8 and electric heater unit 9.
Air compressor 1 is fixed on roof floor, connects with the mains; Packing and electrically insulating material is served as a contrast between floor and air compressor; One end of compressed air tube 2 is connected on the outlet of compressed air engine 1; Support 3 is fixed on roof floor, then the jet plate 4 having welded nozzle 5 is fixed on support 3; Rainproof cover 6 is contained on jet plate 4, and on inner cap spring 7 being connected in rainproof cover 6 and jet plate 4; Insulation sleeve and lagging jacket are contained on the import metal tube of nozzle 5, then electric heater unit 9 are installed; The induction pipe of compressed air tube 2 with nozzle 5 is linked up; By the piston rod of air bag 8 and steel rope thereof and connect together with the link on rainproof cover 6; The compressed air tube of the import of air bag 8 and motor-car is connected; Roof is installed four same cover jet plates 4, is symmetrically distributed in the stage casing of roof, avoids the installation site of pantograph; Compressor 1 is in roof center.
Embodiment 1: in train is run at high speed, when the lift that air draught causes the driving wheel load of train is obviously reduced or vibrate aggravation cause train operation unstable time, control center sends instruction, first air compressor 1 starts, air bag 8 is inflated, rainproof cover 6 opened by piston rod haulage cable, and expose jet plate 4 and nozzle 5 thereof, electric heater unit 9 is energized simultaneously; The outlet valve of air compressor 1 is opened, high pressure air enters compressed air tube 2 and enters nozzle 5, from nozzle 5 ejection at a high speed, produces the downward normal pressure perpendicular to compartment, decrease transverse direction and the longitudinal vibration of driving wheel while increasing driving wheel load, impel train smooth to advance.If when train deceleration is to middle low speed, command centre sends and stops jet instruction, and first compressor 1 quits work, then electric heater unit 9 also power-off, and then the source of the gas of air bag 8 is cut off, and rainproof cover 6 bounces back by the spring 7 carried, and covers on jet plate 4.
Embodiment 2: when train is by slope section, control center sends instruction, and first air compressor 1 starts, and air bag 8 is inflated, and rainproof cover 6 opened by piston rod haulage cable, and expose jet plate 4 and nozzle 5 thereof, electric heater unit 9 is energized simultaneously; The outlet valve of air compressor 1 is opened, high pressure air enters compressed air tube 2 and enters nozzle 5, from nozzle 5 ejection at a high speed, produce the downward normal pressure perpendicular to compartment, increase adhesion coefficient to a certain extent while increasing driving wheel load thus add traction friction force, enabling train smoothly by slope section.After the section of slope, command centre sends and stops jet instruction, and first compressor 1 quits work, then electric heater unit 9 also power-off, and then the source of the gas of air bag 8 is cut off, and rainproof cover 6 bounces back by the spring 7 carried, and covers on jet plate 4.
Embodiment 3: when the train of high-speed cruising needs through track switch or enters the station, control center sends instruction, and first air compressor 1 starts, air bag 8 is inflated, rainproof cover 6 opened by piston rod haulage cable, and expose jet plate 4 and nozzle 5 thereof, electric heater unit 9 is energized simultaneously; The outlet valve of air compressor 1 is opened, high pressure air enters compressed air tube 2 and enters nozzle 5, from nozzle 5 ejection at a high speed, produces the downward normal pressure perpendicular to compartment, increase adhesion coefficient to a certain extent while increasing driving wheel load thus add braking friction, decreasing stopping distance.According to the particular case of slowing down, command centre sends at any time and stops jet instruction, and first compressor 1 quits work, then electric heater unit 9 also power-off, and then the source of the gas of air bag 8 is cut off, and rainproof cover 6 bounces back by the spring 7 carried, and covers on jet plate 4.
Embodiment 4: in the middle of train high-speed cruising, run into unforeseen circumstances when needing sudden stop, control center sends instruction immediately, first air compressor 1 starts, air bag 8 is inflated, rainproof cover 6 opened by piston rod haulage cable, and expose jet plate 4 and nozzle 5 thereof, electric heater unit 9 is energized simultaneously; The outlet valve of air compressor 1 is opened, high pressure air enters compressed air tube 2 and enters nozzle 5, from nozzle 5 ejection at a high speed, produce the downward normal pressure perpendicular to compartment, increase adhesion coefficient while increasing driving wheel load thus increase and considerably increase braking friction, can stop in very short distance.According to the particular case of slowing down, command centre sends at any time and stops jet instruction, and first compressor 1 quits work, then electric heater unit 9 also power-off, and then the source of the gas of air bag 8 is cut off, and rainproof cover 6 bounces back by the spring 7 carried, and covers on jet plate 4.
Above embodiment just one of preferred embodiment; to make those skilled in the art understand the present invention better; unintelligible is restriction to right protection scope of the present invention; on the contrary; for the common scientific research personnel of this area; the change of any unsubstantiality that all the present invention of utilization carry out or adjustment, all should fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. increase a device for high speed train adhesion, it is characterized in that, at least comprise: air compressor, compressed air tube, support, jet plate, nozzle, rainproof cover, spring, air bag and electric heater unit; In train is advanced at a high speed, climbing or braking time, the high pressure air produced by air compressor upwards sprays from nozzle at high speeds, produces downward recoil, produces normal pressure to rail level, increases the driving wheel load of train, thus increases the binding force of train; Simultaneously because the longitudinal direction of driving wheel and lateral vibration weaken, the adhesion coefficient between wheel track increases thereupon thus increases adhesion further; In train during low speed driving, air compressor shuts down, and electric heater unit cuts out, and rainproof cover cap is on jet plate.
2. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air compressor is horizontal-type compressor, is fixed on roof floor by shock absorption device; The exit gas pressure of air compressor is not less than 0.4MPa; The outlet of air compressor is connected with compressed air tube.
3. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described air compressor provides power by the power equipment supply in motor-car, when running into contact system power supply trouble, is powered in time by standby battery in car; The equal installing insulating device in the bottom of air compressor and top.
4. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described support is by the framework of Metal Material Welding, and be fixed on roof floor, its structure can bear large normal load.
5. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described jet plate is that high strength alloy steel is made, and also can be able to be rectangular plate for plectane, be fixed on support, jet plate has nozzle mounting hole.
6. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described
Jet plate must according to the force structure reasonable layout of car body on roof floor, and the normal force that the nozzle on jet plate produces should not destroy the force balance in compartment.
7. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described nozzle is Laval-cavity nozzle, is made up of corrosion-resistant steel, can be welded on the nozzle mounting hole of jet plate, also can be fixed on the mounting hole of jet plate with thread connecting mode; The import of nozzle is connected with compressed air tube.
8. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described nozzle, and its inducer metal tube has enough length, has insulation sleeve and heat-insulation layer, install electric heater unit above outside metal tube; Described electric heater unit is line-frequency induction heating arrangement, is equipped with corresponding electric power according to the compressed air require of nozzle.
9. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rainproof cover is made up of corrosion-resistant steel or other material, and physical dimension is greater than the oad of jet plate; Be hinged on jet plate by loose-leaf, include stretching spring, be in closure state at ordinary times; When needs are jet, compressed air-driven airbag-releasing rainproof cover makes it rotate and is not less than 90 degree, and the nozzle exposed on jet plate carries out jet; After jet end, air bag deflation, the inner stretching spring contained of rainproof cover is closed automatically.
10. a kind of device increasing high speed train adhesion according to claim 1-9, is characterized in that, the height of all devices comprised is not all higher than the minimum operating altitude of pantograph (comprising insulator) of place motor-car; This device can be contained on motor-car roof, also can be contained in trailer roof; An air compressor can be joined and overlapped jet plate more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510950441.2A CN105365828A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Device for increasing adhesive force of high-speed train |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510950441.2A CN105365828A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Device for increasing adhesive force of high-speed train |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105365828A true CN105365828A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510950441.2A Pending CN105365828A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Device for increasing adhesive force of high-speed train |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110709305A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-01-17 | 西门子交通有限公司 | Method for compensating for loss of tractive effort of a rail vehicle |
| CN114590074A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆乐瑞斯科技有限公司 | High-adhesion train wheel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB1027131A (en) * | 1964-02-05 | 1966-04-27 | Le Gorny I Im G V Plechanova | Tractive mechanism |
| DE10025785A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-06 | Werner Schubert | Railway system has jet engines coordinated for propulsion or very fast forward movement with smaller downward force components to prevent super high speed trains from leaving track |
| CN1876459A (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2006-12-13 | 杨天敏 | Air cushion train |
| CN201012681Y (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-01-30 | 刘春宇 | Emergency braking blowing apparatus |
| CN201062352Y (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-05-21 | 段辉杰 | Device for increasing adhesive force of wheel track |
| RU2332308C1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-08-27 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Челябинский государственный агроинженерный университет" | Device improving spinning wheels bite and braking properties on slippery surfaces |
| CN202358031U (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-08-01 | 吉林大学 | Active/passive integrated safety protection device for bus rollover based on gas jet |
| CN204801774U (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-25 | 夏卫华 | Device of clearance rail water film, high -power air truck wheel rail frictional force of improvement |
-
2015
- 2015-12-18 CN CN201510950441.2A patent/CN105365828A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1027131A (en) * | 1964-02-05 | 1966-04-27 | Le Gorny I Im G V Plechanova | Tractive mechanism |
| DE10025785A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-06 | Werner Schubert | Railway system has jet engines coordinated for propulsion or very fast forward movement with smaller downward force components to prevent super high speed trains from leaving track |
| CN1876459A (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2006-12-13 | 杨天敏 | Air cushion train |
| RU2332308C1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-08-27 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Челябинский государственный агроинженерный университет" | Device improving spinning wheels bite and braking properties on slippery surfaces |
| CN201012681Y (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-01-30 | 刘春宇 | Emergency braking blowing apparatus |
| CN201062352Y (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-05-21 | 段辉杰 | Device for increasing adhesive force of wheel track |
| CN202358031U (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-08-01 | 吉林大学 | Active/passive integrated safety protection device for bus rollover based on gas jet |
| CN204801774U (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-25 | 夏卫华 | Device of clearance rail water film, high -power air truck wheel rail frictional force of improvement |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110709305A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-01-17 | 西门子交通有限公司 | Method for compensating for loss of tractive effort of a rail vehicle |
| US11285976B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2022-03-29 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Method for compensating for a loss of traction of a rail vehicle |
| CN114590074A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆乐瑞斯科技有限公司 | High-adhesion train wheel |
| CN114590074B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2024-05-10 | 南京栖霞科技产业发展有限公司 | High adhesion type train wheel |
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