CN114110256A - Construction method of horizontal directional drill and pipeline back-dragging process - Google Patents
Construction method of horizontal directional drill and pipeline back-dragging process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114110256A CN114110256A CN202111414792.3A CN202111414792A CN114110256A CN 114110256 A CN114110256 A CN 114110256A CN 202111414792 A CN202111414792 A CN 202111414792A CN 114110256 A CN114110256 A CN 114110256A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
- F16L1/028—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground in the ground
- F16L1/032—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground in the ground the pipes being continuous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
- F16L1/06—Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of a horizontal directional drill and a pipeline back-dragging process, wherein the pipeline back-dragging process comprises the following steps: establishing a pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model; setting a pipeline dead weight load and a pipeline entry point inclination angle, and analyzing the pipeline displacement condition in a pipeline dead weight state to obtain a pipeline entry deflection curve; establishing pipeline supporting points based on a pipeline in-hole deflection curve, and performing simulation calculation in a pipeline back-dragging stage to obtain the nonlinear state of the pipeline, the displacement of each supporting point and the load state under different supporting point setting conditions; analyzing simulation results under different support conditions, screening to obtain support point setting conditions and cat back curves which accord with back dragging conditions, and generating a catwalk setting scheme; based on catwalk setting scheme accomplishes the catwalk setting to implement the pipeline and return and drag. The construction method comprises the pipeline back-dragging process. The invention can effectively reduce the reel effect when the pipeline enters the hole and improve the success probability of back dragging of the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas pipeline directional drilling and crossing, in particular to a horizontal directional drilling pipeline back-dragging process and a horizontal directional drilling construction method.
Background
The horizontal directional drilling of oil and gas pipelines is a construction method for dragging pipelines from the ground into the ground by a drilling machine through typical processes of guiding, reaming, back dragging and the like.
Generally, the horizontal directional drilling process needs to set three areas, namely an earth entering point, an earth discharging point (namely a pipeline hole entering point) and a towing back, and pipelines are prefabricated on the towing back on the ground. The drilling machine is placed at an earth-entering point, the drilling machine is connected to the front end of the drill rod by adopting a wired or wireless control direction device, the drilling machine drills according to a design curve in a mode of transmitting torque by rotating the drilling machine or a mode of providing rotating torque by adopting a slurry motor, the front end of the drill bit sprays slurry in a launching shape to provide the functions of lubricating, cooling, carrying sand, fixing holes and the like for the drilling machine, and finally the drill bit goes out of the earth-leaving point to complete the guiding process of the drill rod. After the guiding is completed, a reamer is usually installed on a drill rod from an unearthed point, a horizontal directional drilling machine at an unearthed point provides tension and torque, the drill rod is pulled back to the unearthed point, so that the reamer is driven to move in a rotating mode, the guided pore channel is further expanded, the pore channel diameter meeting the standard requirement is completed through multi-wheel reaming, the pipeline laying requirement is met, high-viscosity slurry needs to be injected continuously in the whole process, suspended slag bodies in the pores and the pore channel are carried, and the reaming process is completed. After the reaming is finished, the guide reamer, the rotary transfer case and the prefabricated pipeline are sequentially connected through the drill rod, the pipeline is dragged into the pore passage through the horizontal directional drilling machine at the soil entering point, and the drill rod passing through the soil entering point is continuously recovered, so that the pipeline dragging-back process is finished, and the laying of the pipeline underground is realized.
The pipeline back dragging is the last main process of the horizontal directional drilling and is also the most important and highest risk process. In the process, the friction resistance between the pipeline and the ground, the reel resistance of the unearthed pipeline entering the hole, the reel resistance with overlarge curvature in the hole, the friction resistance between the pipeline in the hole and the stratum, the viscous resistance between the pipeline in the hole and slurry and the like are overcome, and particularly, when the unearthed pipeline enters the hole when the large-scale horizontal directional drilling back dragging is carried out, the reel force with overlarge bending stress of the pipeline is caused by the overlarge curvature, so that the influence on the back dragging force is larger. The drag force is increased and the rotation torque of the drilling tool is guided to be increased due to the fact that the resistance is out of limit, so that the drag force exceeds the capacity of the drilling machine and the drilling tool, great risks such as failure of the drilling machine, breakage of the drilling tool and the like are caused, even drag failure is caused, and huge economic loss is caused.
The existing back-dragging pipeline coiling force is generally controlled by adopting modes of supporting (or hoisting point) seats, hoisting equipment lifting, excavation at a soil discharging point (namely a pipeline hole entering point) and the like to change the advancing curvature of a pipeline, so that the bending stress generated when the pipeline enters the hole is reduced, namely the hole entering coiling effect is reduced, and the method is also commonly called catwalk setting. The lifting of the hoisting equipment needs a plurality of cranes and other hoisting equipment to hoist the pipeline and assist the pipeline to enter the hole, but the method belongs to passive judgment, the positions and the hoisting heights of the cranes need to be continuously adjusted according to the change of the back-dragging force of the drilling machine section, the investment is large, the coordination difficulty is high, and the method cannot be implemented for places with poor site conditions of unearthed sites. The ground curvature and elevation of the pipeline in-hole part need to be set for both the supporting (or hoisting point) seat and the opening excavation mode.
In this process, the following factors need to be determined simultaneously:
1. a pipeline travel path curvature;
2. the arrangement position and the arrangement number of the pipeline supporting (or hoisting point) points;
3. the inclination angle of the hole at the end part of the pipeline is consistent with the inclination angle of the soil outlet point at the hole;
4. the bending stress of the pipeline cannot exceed the design requirement;
5. the vertical force of each supporting point (or lifting point) is not greater than the bearing capacity of the supporting (or lifting point) point device.
The above factors need to be comprehensively considered to reduce the pipeline in-hole coiling effect.
Due to the fact that the number of factor points is large, calculation is complex, the prior art cannot take the reel effect of horizontal directional drilling back dragging pipe entering the hole into consideration, the curvature of a pipeline entering the hole can only be designed preliminarily, reasonable setting of the positions and the number of supporting (or hoisting point) points and important factors such as the inclination angle of the end part of the pipeline entering the hole cannot be comprehensively considered, in the process of back dragging of the pipeline, the shape of the back of a cat can be adjusted after real-time judgment is carried out only by observing the posture of the entering the hole and the change of back dragging force, and the control effect of the back dragging quality is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a pipe back-dragging process for horizontal directional drilling, so as to solve the problem of a reel effect caused by mutual influence between the rigidity of a pipe and an inclination angle of a hole when the pipe back-dragging is drilled into the hole, thereby effectively reducing back-dragging load and ensuring the stress safety of the pipe.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a pipe back-dragging process of a horizontal directional drilling, the pipe back-dragging process comprising the following steps: establishing a pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model according to the specification of the pipeline, allowable bending stress and a horizontal directional drilling soil-out point inclination angle; setting a pipeline dead weight load and a pipeline entry point inclination angle based on a pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model, and analyzing the pipeline displacement condition in a pipeline dead weight state to obtain a pipeline entry deflection curve; establishing pipeline supporting points based on the pipeline entry deflection curve, and performing simulation nonlinear calculation in the pipeline back dragging stage to obtain the nonlinear state of the pipeline, the displacement of each supporting point, the pipeline load state and the load state of a supporting point device under different supporting point setting conditions; analyzing simulation results under different support conditions, screening to obtain support point setting conditions and cat back curves which accord with back dragging conditions, and generating a catwalk setting scheme; based on catwalk setting scheme accomplishes the catwalk setting to implement the pipeline and return and drag.
In an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drilling pipe back-dragging process of the present invention, the pipe entry point inclination angle may be set to be equal to the unearthing point inclination angle.
In an exemplary embodiment of the pipe back-dragging process of the horizontal directional drilling of the present invention, the supporting point setting conditions may include the number of supporting points, the setting positions of the supporting points, and the types of the supporting point devices, wherein the supporting point devices include supporting equipment and hoisting equipment.
In an exemplary embodiment of the horizontally directionally drilled pipe back haul process of the present invention, the catwalk setup protocol may include the arcing point of the horizontally directionally drilled back haul hole, the overall reel effect control catwalk curve, the number of support points set, the support point set locations, the support point load capacity requirements, and the pipe head location.
In an exemplary embodiment of the horizontally directional drilling pipe back-dragging process of the present invention, the completing the catwalk setting may specifically include: according to the cat back curve and the inclination angle of the pipe entry point, a cat back dragged back to the entry point is manufactured in a digging and filling combined mode, and meanwhile, supporting point devices are erected according to the supporting point setting positions and the supporting point setting quantity, so that the ground prefabricated pipe can advance to the soil discharging point along the supporting point devices on the cat back curve.
In an exemplary embodiment of the pipe back-dragging process of the horizontal directional drilling of the present invention, the back-dragging condition may be determined according to: the inclination angle of the pipeline entering hole point is equal to that of the unearthed point, the bending stress of the pipeline is smaller than the design stress requirement, and the vertical force of each supporting point is not larger than the bearing capacity of the supporting point device.
In one exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drilling pipe back haul process of the present invention, the pipe back haul process may include: screening to obtain optimal values of the supporting point setting condition and the cat back curve according to the supporting point setting condition and the cat back curve which accord with the back dragging condition, and generating an optimal catwalk setting scheme;
and finishing the catwalk setting based on the optimal catwalk setting scheme, and implementing the back dragging of the pipeline.
The invention also provides a construction method of the horizontal directional drill, which comprises the following steps: pilot hole processes, reaming processes, and pipe back haul processes as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention comprise at least one of the following:
(1) according to the method, a reasonable pipeline optimal curve arrangement mode and a supporting point setting condition are obtained through a simulation analysis method, on the basis of ensuring the safety of pipeline stress load and under the condition that the pipeline hole-entering angle is consistent with the pore-forming angle, the reel effect of the pipeline in the hole can be effectively reduced, and the success probability of back dragging of the pipeline can be improved;
(2) the invention can effectively control the frictional resistance generated between the pipeline and the hole wall, reduce the total force of directional drilling back dragging, and simultaneously ensure that the pipeline cannot deform due to the over-limit bending stress in the process of entering the hole so as to ensure the safety of the pipeline back dragging, thereby effectively improving the horizontal directional drilling back dragging capability of large-caliber (for example, the pipe diameter is larger than 711mm) long distance (for example, the length is larger than 1000 m).
Drawings
The above and other objects and/or features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a pipe pull-back schematic of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drilling pipe pull-back process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a tubing reel effect schematic of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drilling tubing back-haul process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic three-dimensional modeling of a pipe support point for an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drilling pipe pull-back process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a cat back curve diagram obtained from simulation of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drilling pipe back haul process of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a simulated cat back support point elevation schematic of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drill pipe back haul process of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-directional drilling machine, 2-drill rod, 3-directional drilling hole, 4-reamer, 5-transfer case, 6-prefabricated pipe, 7-supporting wheel, 8-barrier body and 9-reel effect area.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a horizontal directional drilling construction method and a pipe back haul process of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
It should be noted that "upper", "lower", "inner" and "outer" are merely used for convenience of description and to constitute relative orientations or positional relationships, and do not indicate or imply that the components referred to must have the specific orientations or positions.
Among the prior art, the pipeline back drags the design and can only tentatively go on to the pipeline camber of going into the hole, can't give comprehensive consideration to important factors such as reasonable setting, pipeline tip income hole inclination of bracing point position and quantity, and this has also led to in the pipeline back drags the in-process, and the staff can only carry out real-time judgement back through observing into the change of hole gesture and back dragging force, adjusts cat back shape etc. again, and back drags the quality control effect and receives the influence.
For the difference characteristics between the self rigidity of the pipeline and the horizontal directional drilling pore-forming and ground back-dragging conditions during the crossing of the large directional drill, in the process of laying the pipeline by adopting the horizontal directional drilling technology, the positions of underground pre-expanding pore-forming, horizontal directional drilling earth-forming points (namely pipeline hole-entering points), ground prefabricated back-dragging pipeline elastic laying and the like have overlarge or uneven curvature which is larger than the allowable bending stress of the pipeline, so that overlarge resistance or unstable deformation of the pipeline can be caused in the back-dragging process, and the crossing risk is higher. Due to the fact that the hole entering reel effect is multiple in control elements and high in discrete type, a reasonable and safe hole entering trend cannot be determined through a traditional construction control means and a numerical analysis method.
Particularly, the traditional control means cannot solve the problems of reasonable curvature of the pipeline, stress level of the pipeline, reasonable number of supporting points and stress level when the pipeline passes through and is dragged back into the hole. In the traditional numerical analysis method, an empirical formula is mostly adopted as an accounting basis, namely, boundary conditions of calculation sources such as the number and the positions of support points required by the back of all cats are calculated based on numerical values based on curvature and steel rigidity, and the calculations are linear calculations. And the factors such as the rigidity, the curvature, the arrangement of the supporting points, the stress and the like of the pipeline are all in a mutually constrained nonlinear condition when the pipeline is dragged back into the hole. Therefore, the traditional numerical calculation cannot truly restore the nonlinear relation among the hole-entering angle, the steel rigidity, the supporting quantity and the supporting force in the back dragging process of the pipeline, and cannot intuitively read the out-of-limit state of any parts of the pipeline, so that the reduction of the coiling force in the back dragging process cannot be optimized.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a simulation calculation method which comprehensively considers the pipeline holing reel effect of horizontal directional drilling, performs optimization simulation calculation on key factors such as pipeline stress, pipeline curvature change, the number and the positions of supporting points, stress constraint of the supporting points and the like, selects an optimal combination, and sets pipeline curve arrangement of the holing points, the number of the supporting (or hoisting) points and reasonable supporting (or hoisting) capability according to a simulation result. The process method can effectively control the directional drill crossing route curve, improve the pipeline bending stress condition in the horizontal directional drill back dragging process, and reduce the advancing frictional resistance of the crossing pipeline, thereby solving the quality requirement of pipeline rigidity on the curvature of the laid route, reducing the back dragging risk and improving the back dragging success rate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pipe back-dragging process by horizontal directional drilling.
In one exemplary embodiment of the horizontal directional drill pipe pull-back process of the present invention, a horizontal directional drill pipe pull-back process may comprise the steps of:
(1) and establishing a pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model according to the specification of the pipeline, the allowable bending stress and the horizontal directional drilling soil point inclination angle.
(2) Based on the pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model, the self-weight load of the pipeline and the inclination angle of the pipeline entry point are set, and the displacement condition of the pipeline in the self-weight state is analyzed to obtain the deflection curve of the pipeline entry.
Wherein the inclination angle of the pipe hole-entering point can be set to be equal to the inclination angle of the unearthing point.
(3) And establishing pipeline supporting points based on the pipeline in-hole deflection curve, and performing simulation nonlinear calculation in the pipeline back-dragging stage to obtain the nonlinear state of the pipeline, the displacement of each supporting point, the pipeline load state and the supporting point device load state under different supporting point setting conditions.
Specifically, the supporting point setting case may include the number of supporting point settings, the supporting point setting position, and the type of the supporting point device. Wherein, the supporting point device comprises at least one of supporting equipment and hoisting equipment. For example, the support device may be a launch roller or a launch trench and the hoisting device may be a pipe hoist.
(4) And analyzing simulation results under different support conditions, screening to obtain support point setting conditions and cat back curves which accord with back dragging conditions, and generating a catwalk setting scheme.
The back dragging condition may be determined according to the following criteria: the inclination angle of the pipeline entering hole point is equal to that of the unearthed point, the bending stress of the pipeline is smaller than the design stress requirement, and the vertical force of each supporting point is not larger than the bearing capacity of the supporting point device.
Catwalk setting scheme can include the starting point of horizontal directional drilling back into the hole, whole reel effect control cat back curve, support point set quantity, support point set position, support point bearing capacity requirement and tube head position.
In addition, the optimal supporting point setting condition and the optimal cat back curve can be obtained through simulation optimization according to the supporting point setting condition and the cat back curve which accord with the back dragging condition, and the optimal catwalk setting scheme is generated. The optimal catwalk setting scheme should satisfy the following conditions: the inclination angle of the pipeline entering hole point is equal to that of the unearthed point, the bending stress of the pipeline is less than the design stress requirement, the vertical force of each supporting point is not more than the bearing capacity of the supporting point device, and the generated drag-back resistance is minimum.
(5) Based on catwalk setting scheme accomplishes the catwalk setting to implement the pipeline and return and drag.
Specifically, a cat back dragged back to a hole-entering point can be manufactured in a digging and filling combined mode according to a cat back curve and the inclination angle of the hole-entering point of the pipeline, meanwhile, support point devices are set up according to the setting positions and the setting number of the support points, a directional drilling machine gradually advances to the hole-entering point of the pipeline along the support point devices on the cat back curve through a drill rod, a guide reamer and a transfer case connecting pipeline, namely, the ground prefabricated pipeline enters a reamed directional drilling underground path through the set cat back.
The pipeline back dragging process can firstly establish a three-dimensional finite element simulation model consisting of key parameters such as a pipeline, a ground medium state, a hole entering position and angle and the like based on the state of the pipeline entering the hole; carrying out nonlinear simulation calculation on variables such as permission of pipeline rigidity, on-site terrain topography conditions, entrance angles, permission of bearing point stress and the like, carrying out optimization calculation, setting implementation elements such as curvature change, optimized number of bearing points, plane and elevation coordinates of the bearing points, bearing force of the bearing points and the like in the back dragging of the pipeline to the cat from a plurality of groups of results, and forming a simulation three-dimensional model; and finally, reading each key parameter at will through a calculation result model, and correspondingly setting the field curvature, the support type, the support body stress vacancy, the hole entering part and the like of the pipeline according to the elements.
The invention also provides a construction method of the horizontal directional drill.
In an exemplary embodiment of a horizontal directional drilling construction method of the present invention, a horizontal directional drilling construction method may include: pilot hole processes, reaming processes, and pipe back haul processes as described above.
For a better understanding of the above-described exemplary embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
The outer diameter of a certain horizontal directional drilling pipeline is 1016mm, the length of the pipeline is 1000m, the horizontal directional drilling pipeline penetrates through rocks under geological conditions, the soil emergence angle (pipeline entry) is 10 degrees, and the bending stress of the pipeline is less than 360 MPa.
Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of back dragging of a horizontal directional drilling pipeline, as shown in fig. 1, a directional drilling machine 1 is arranged at an underground point, and is connected to the front end of a drill rod 2 by a wired or wireless directional control device, the other end of the drill rod 2 is sequentially connected with a reamer 4, a transfer case 5 and a prefabricated pipeline 6, the prefabricated pipeline 6 is placed at an unearthed point, and a supporting wheel 7 is arranged on a cat back curve. After reaming, the prefabricated pipeline 6 is dragged into the directional drilling hole 3 through the directional drilling machine 1 at the soil-entering point, and the drill rod 2 passing through the soil-entering point is continuously recovered, so that the pipeline dragging-back process is completed, and laying of the pipeline underground is realized.
In the back dragging process of the pipeline, when a soil discharging point (namely a pipeline hole entering point) enters a hole during back dragging of a large-scale horizontal directional drill, the back dragging force is greatly influenced by a reel force which causes overlarge bending stress of the pipeline due to large curvature. For example, as shown in fig. 2, when the prefabricated pipe 6 passes along the curved surface of the obstacle 8, a pipe bending stress is generated due to the curvature, and a coil effect region 9 is formed at the pipe bending position, and the coil force formed in the region has a large influence on the back-dragging force.
Therefore, in order to determine a reasonably safe entering trend, the curvature, entering angle, number of supporting (or hoisting) structures and the like of the pipeline at the entering point are obtained by simulation analysis calculation, so that the reel effect can be effectively reduced, and the back dragging reliability of the pipeline is improved.
The horizontal directional drilling pipeline back dragging process can specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) and establishing a three-dimensional simulation model according to allowable bending stress of the pipeline and an inclination angle of a horizontal directional drilling earth point (a pipeline hole-entering point) specified by the pipeline specification and the design specification.
(2) After loading the dead weight load of the pipeline, ensuring that the entry angle of the pipeline is consistent with the pore-forming angle (namely the angle of the unearthed point), and analyzing the displacement condition of the typical position of the pipeline under the dead weight state of the pipeline, namely, preliminarily finding the shape of the entry deflection curve of the pipeline.
The term "analyzing the displacement state of the typical position of the pipeline in the self-weight state" means: the simulation analysis calculation method in this example needs to perform "shape finding" on the displacement condition of the pipeline only under the action of self-weight on the premise that the pipeline is not provided with the entrance angle and the entrance support. The form finding can provide basis for setting each boundary condition under the subsequent complete simulation actual condition, particularly the range of possible supporting elevations, the calculated elevation change of the position of the pipeline which is possible to be set is the largest, and the actual plus-supported elevation change can only be smaller than the calculated value of the form finding. Therefore, the subsequent simulation of the elevation of any supporting point is preferably set within the range, otherwise, a large amount of useless calculation is generated, and the calculation process has no practicability.
(3) Based on the curve after the shape finding, the pipeline curve is updated, the pipeline supporting points are preliminarily set to serve as the boundary conditions of the pipeline supporting, and the three-dimensional model of the pipeline supporting points after the setting is finished is shown in fig. 3.
Based on the three-dimensional model, each supporting point and the pipeline in-tunnel angle (consistent with the unearthed angle) are used as calculation variables, the pipeline stress is used as a limiting condition, and a simulation method is adopted to calculate the nonlinear state of the pipeline, the displacement of the supporting points, the load state of the pipeline and the load state of the supporting point device under different variable changes in an interpolation mode, so that the optimal values of the number and the positions of the cat back curve and the supporting points are obtained finally.
Specifically, the present example takes advantage of the preferred combination of simulations, and the flow of the simulation calculation model used is as follows:
setting a pipeline model: giving material characteristics and dimensional characteristics, and dividing cells.
Secondly, performing preliminary shape finding calculation: according to the relative conditions of the placement position of the pipeline and the position of the pipeline back-dragging hole, after a cat back support point A (namely the highest point of the cat back) is initially set, a heavy load is loaded, the displacement and the stress of the pipeline are calculated in a trial mode, and the self-sagging range rationality of the pipeline is evaluated; if the pipeline is reasonable from the vertical range, the subsequent simulation calculation is continued downwards, and if the pipeline is unreasonable from the vertical range, the support point A is reset, and the calculation is carried out again.
Setting supporting points (preliminary setting can be carried out according to the field condition), establishing key constraint conditions (including pipe head hole-entering angle, pipeline stress permission and supporting point stress permission), carrying out simulation calculation according to the constraint conditions, and screening out the working condition groups meeting the constraint conditions. And then selecting an optimal scheme from the simulation result working condition group by combining the existing hoisting, supporting and excavating conditions.
For example, fig. 4 is a cat back curve obtained after simulation and fig. 5 is a simulated cat back support point elevation. The combined displacement (urs) in the ordinate of fig. 5, the abscissa representing the number of nodes on the pipe corresponding to the model support point.
The optimized values of the number and the positions of the cat back curve and the supporting points meet the following requirements: the hole-entering angle of the pipe head is the same as the soil-discharging angle, and the bending stress of the pipeline is smaller than the design stress requirement.
(4) And calculating and determining key factors such as the number of the arcing points of the horizontal directional drill back dragging hole, the support of the whole reel effect control cat back curve), the position of the support point, the bearing capacity requirement of the support point, the position of the pipe head and the like according to the optimized values of the number and the positions of the cat back curve and the support point.
(5) And manufacturing the cat back dragged back to the hole-entering point by adopting a digging and filling combined mode according to the optimal cat back curve calculated by simulation and the inclination angle of the unearthed point (the pipeline hole-entering point). And (4) setting up a sending roller bracket according to the number and the positions of the supporting seats calculated by simulation optimization.
(6) The directional drilling machine gradually advances to a hole (a soil outlet point) along the support roller bracket on the cat back curve through the drill rod, the guide reamer and the transfer case connecting pipeline, namely, the ground prefabricated pipeline enters a directional drilling underground path which is already reamed through the arranged cat back.
In the back dragging process, the cat back set through simulation calculation effectively reduces the reel effect of pipeline entering the hole, and the additional back dragging force is reduced, so that the influence of the reel effect on the stress condition of the whole back dragging process is effectively controlled. By adopting the horizontal directional drilling pipeline back dragging process, the control requirement of the pipeline entering-hole reel force is calculated, the requirements of the radian of the cat back, the number of hoisting points, the positions of the hoisting points and the hoisting load of the hoisting points are determined, the pipeline enters the hole stably, and the back dragging is successful.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention include at least one of the following:
(1) according to the method, a reasonable pipeline optimal curve arrangement mode and a supporting point setting condition are obtained through a simulation analysis method, on the basis of ensuring the safety of pipeline stress load and under the condition that the pipeline hole-entering angle is consistent with the pore-forming angle, the reel effect of the pipeline in the hole can be effectively reduced, and the success probability of back dragging of the pipeline can be improved;
(2) the invention can effectively control the frictional resistance generated between the pipeline and the hole wall, reduce the total force of directional drilling back dragging, and simultaneously ensure that the pipeline cannot deform due to the over-limit bending stress in the process of entering the hole so as to ensure the safety of the pipeline back dragging, thereby effectively improving the horizontal directional drilling back dragging capability of large-caliber (for example, the pipe diameter is larger than 711mm) long distance (for example, the length is larger than 1000 m).
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The horizontal directional drilling pipeline back-dragging process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
establishing a pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model according to the specification of the pipeline, allowable bending stress and a horizontal directional drilling soil-out point inclination angle;
setting a pipeline dead weight load and a pipeline entry point inclination angle based on a pipeline back-dragging three-dimensional simulation model, and analyzing the pipeline displacement condition in a pipeline dead weight state to obtain a pipeline entry deflection curve;
establishing pipeline supporting points based on the pipeline entry deflection curve, and performing simulation nonlinear calculation in the pipeline back dragging stage to obtain the nonlinear state of the pipeline, the displacement of each supporting point, the pipeline load state and the load state of a supporting point device under different supporting point setting conditions;
analyzing simulation results under different support conditions, screening to obtain support point setting conditions and cat back curves which accord with back dragging conditions, and generating a catwalk setting scheme;
based on catwalk setting scheme accomplishes the catwalk setting to implement the pipeline and return and drag.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the angle of inclination of the pipe entry point is set to be equal to the angle of inclination of the unearthed point.
3. The pipe back-dragging process of the horizontal directional drilling according to claim 2, wherein the supporting point setting conditions comprise the number of supporting points, the setting positions of the supporting points and the types of the supporting point devices, wherein the supporting point devices comprise supporting equipment and hoisting equipment.
4. The horizontally oriented drill pipe back-dragging process according to claim 3, wherein the catwalk setting scheme comprises an arcing point of the horizontally oriented drill back-dragging hole, an entire reel effect control catwalk curve, a set number of support points, a set position of the support points, a requirement on bearing capacity of the support points, and a position of a pipe head.
5. The horizontally oriented drill pipe back-dragging process of claim 4, wherein the completing the catwalk setting specifically comprises: according to the cat back curve and the inclination angle of the pipe entry point, a cat back dragged back to the entry point is manufactured in a digging and filling combined mode, and meanwhile, supporting point devices are erected according to the supporting point setting positions and the supporting point setting quantity, so that the ground prefabricated pipe can advance to the soil discharging point along the supporting point devices on the cat back curve.
6. The back-dragging process of the horizontally directional drilling pipe according to claim 5, wherein the back-dragging condition is determined according to the following steps: the inclination angle of the pipeline entering hole point is equal to that of the unearthed point, the bending stress of the pipeline is smaller than the design stress requirement, and the vertical force of each supporting point is not larger than the bearing capacity of the supporting point device.
7. The horizontal directional drilling pipe back-dragging process of claim 1, wherein the pipe back-dragging process comprises: screening to obtain optimal values of the supporting point setting condition and the cat back curve according to the supporting point setting condition and the cat back curve which accord with the back dragging condition, and generating an optimal catwalk setting scheme;
and finishing the catwalk setting based on the optimal catwalk setting scheme, and implementing the back dragging of the pipeline.
8. A construction method of a horizontal directional drill is characterized by comprising the following steps: a pilot hole process, a reaming process, and a pipe pull-back process according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114659436A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-06-24 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Axial deformation measurement method for back-dragging pipeline |
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