CN1136574A - 合成有机聚合物的稳定剂混合物 - Google Patents
合成有机聚合物的稳定剂混合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1136574A CN1136574A CN96105445A CN96105445A CN1136574A CN 1136574 A CN1136574 A CN 1136574A CN 96105445 A CN96105445 A CN 96105445A CN 96105445 A CN96105445 A CN 96105445A CN 1136574 A CN1136574 A CN 1136574A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- ester
- compound
- acid
- phenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920005613 synthetic organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 amino phenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 180
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical group [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 19
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine Substances CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021518 metal oxyhydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000081 (C5-C8) cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 63
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 24
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical class CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 13
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Natural products OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrotriazine Chemical compound C1NNNC=C1 FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- AFCCDDWKHLHPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M metam-sodium Chemical compound [Na+].CNC([S-])=S AFCCDDWKHLHPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 6
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-diphenyloxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- SYECJBOWSGTPLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCC(N)N SYECJBOWSGTPLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 5
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Substances CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLDQAMYCGOIJDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1O GLDQAMYCGOIJDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ICHKVCYUNCKCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C)C.OCCCCCCO Chemical compound CN(C)C.OCCCCCCO ICHKVCYUNCKCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl malonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- COVMBDWAODLWIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(=O)NCCO COVMBDWAODLWIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002255 pentenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940057402 undecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(N)=O YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
含有合成有机聚合物及作为抗光、氧和/或热的有害影响的稳定剂的下列A和B混合物的组合物:A)空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯,和B)含有连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。
显示出优秀的抗光、氧和/或热的有害影响的稳定性。成分A和成分B的混合物对稳定聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜以用于农业抗光、氧、热和农药的有害影响也是有效的。
Description
本发明涉及用空间位阻的羟胺(或其醚或酯)同含有键接到金属原子上的氧和/或羟基的化合物组成的混合物稳定的合成有机聚合物,特别是聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物尤其是稳定的同农药接触的聚合物薄膜。本发明还涉及用空间位阻的羟胺(或其醚或酯)和含有与金属原子键接的氧和/或羟基的化合物组成的混合物稳定合成有机聚物的方法,以及这种稳定剂混合物的相应应用。
在许多出版物,包括T.Kurumade et al.,J.Polym.Science,Polym.Chem.Ed.22,277(1984);US-A-4590 231;US-A-5 300 647;US-A-4831134;US-A-5 204 473;US-A-5004770;US-A-5096 950,已经提出过用空间位阻的羟胺(或其醚或酯)作为合成有机聚合物的稳定剂。
使用传统的空间位阻的胺同水滑石或同选择的金属氧化物混合已有用于改进光稳定性的报告(EP-A-500 073、C.A.109:151118q,C.A.112:37706s;C.A.111:79551x,EP-A-429 731,US-A-5037 870,US-A-5 134 181,US-A-5180 762)。
现已意外地发现,合成有机聚合物的光稳定性可以由空间位阻的羟胺(或其酯或醚)同含有连接金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物组成的混合物加以明显的提高。因此,本发明的主题是含合成有机聚合物和作为抗光、氧和/或热的有害影响的稳定剂的混合物的组合
物。此稳定剂混合物含
A)空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯;以及
B)含至少一个连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。
本发明的组合物可含单一的化合物分别作为成分A和成分B,或每种成分可由这些化合物的混合物组成。
含有连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的要用作成分B的化合物含有一个或多个仅连接到一个或多个金属元素的O和/或OH;这些金属元素优选的是周期表的IIa或IIb或IIIb族元素(II和III主族和过渡金属的II族)。最优选的金属是镁、钙、锌和铝。含连接到金属原子上的氧和/或羟基的化合物优选是无机物,即不含碳原子或仅作为无机碳酸盐(HCO3 -、CO3 2-)存在的碳原子的化合物。
这些化合物主要包括周期表IIa或IIb或IIIb族金属的简单或复杂的氧化物、氢氧化物或混合的氧化物/氢氧化物,以及沸石/水滑石。优选的是同水接触时呈中性或碱性的化合物。
适宜的水滑石包括的化合物其通式为
M1-x 2+·Mx 3+·(OH)2·(An-)x/n·pH2O (I)
其中,
M2+是Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn、Sn和/或Ni,
M3+是Al、B或Bi,
An是n价的阴离子,
n是1-4的数字,
x是0-0.5的数字,
p是0-2的数字,以及
A是OH-、Cl-、Br-、I-、ClO4 -、HCO3 -、CH3COO-、
C6H5COO-、CO3 2-、SO4 2- (CHOHCOO)2 2-,(CHOH)4CH2OHCOO-,C2H4(COO)2 2-,(CH2COO)2 2-,CH3CHOHCOO-,SiO3 2-,SiO4 4-,BO3 3-,PO3 3- or HPO4 2-.
优选的是上面通式I的水滑石,式中M2+代表Ca2+、Mg2+或Mg2+和Zn2+的混合物,
An-代表CO3 2-、BO3 3-或PO3 3-,
x是0-0.5的数字,p是0-2数字。
加入有益的其它水滑石是通式Ia的化合物,
Mx 2+·Al2(OH)2X+6nz(An-)2·pH2O (Ia)
在通式Ia中,M2+代表Mg或Zn,优选代表Mg,
p代表代表正数,优选范围为0-5,例如0.5-5,
x和z是正数,x优选范围为2-6,z小于2。最优选的是相应于通式Ib-Ih的水滑石。
Al2O3·6MgO·CO2·12H2O, (Ib)
Mg4.5Al2(OH)13·CO3·3,5H2O, (Ic)
4MgO·Al2O3·CO2·9H2O, (Id)
4MgO·Al2O3·CO2·6H2O, (Ie)
ZnO·3MgO·Al2O3·CO2·8-9H2O, (If)
ZnO·3MgO·Al2O3·CO2·5-6H2O, (Ig)
Mg4.5Al2(OH)13·CO3. (Ih)
在本发明的实践中,也可以将通式(II)的沸石用作成分B
Mx/n〔(AlO2)x(SiO2)y〕·wH2O (II),
式中n是阳离子M的电荷,M是第一或第二主族元素,特别是Na、K、Mg和/或Ca,
y∶x是0.8-1.2范围的数字,以及
w是0.5-10的数字。
碱性沸石是优选的。
适宜沸石的典型实例是下列经验式的化合物:
Na12[(AlO2)12(SiO2)12]·12H2O
Ca4.5Na3[(AlO2)12(SiO2)12]·30H2O
K9Na3[(AlO2)12(SiO2)12]·27H2O
适用作化合物B的其它化合物包括通式为{(Mt2O)m·(Al2O3)n·Zo·pH2O}(I)的化合物,式中Mt是H、Na、K、Mg1/2、Ca1/2、Sr1/2或Zn1/2;
Zo是CO2、B4O6或C2O2(草酸盐);
如果Mt是Mg1/2或Ca1/2,m是1-2的数字,在所有其它情况下m是1-3的数字;
n是1-4的数字;
0是2-4的数字;以及
p是0-30的数字。
作为成分B特别重要的是锌、铝、钙或镁的简单氧化物或氢氧化物,特别是氧化锌、氢氧化锌、原和/或偏氢氧化铝、α-和/或γ-Al2O3、MgO、Mg(OH)2以及上面通式的Ib-Ih的水滑石。优选的是通式Ic的水滑石、氧化锌、氢氧化锌;最优选的是氧化锌和通式Ic的水滑石。
需要强调的是,如果除了一种或多种周期表的IIa或IIb或IIIb族金属的简单氧化物或氢氧化物外还利用水滑石,例如水滑石和一种或多种的化合物氧化锌、氢氧化锌、原和/或偏氢氧化铝、α-和/或γ-Al2O3、MgO、Mg(OH)2,则可达到特别满意的稳定效果。
优选的合成有机聚合物是聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物。这些聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物主要为如下所列物质:
1.单烯烃和二烯烃聚合物,例如,聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁烯-1、聚4-甲基戊烯-1、聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯、以及环烯烃聚合物,例如环戊烯或降冰片烯聚合物,聚乙烯(必要时可交联),例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高密度和高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-HMW)、高密度和超高分子量的聚乙烯(HDPE、UHMW)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、支链的低密度聚乙烯(BLDPE)。
聚烯烃,即上段列举的单烯烃聚合物,优选为聚乙烯和聚丙烯,可通过不同的,特别是下列方法制备:
a)自由基聚合(通常在高压和高温下)。
b)使用催化剂的催化聚合,所用的催化剂通常含一种或多种周期表IVb、Vb、VIb或VIII族金属。这些金属带有一个或多个配位体,一般为以π或σ配位的氧化物、卤化物、醇化物、酯、醚、胺、烷基、链烯基和/或芳基。这些金属的络合物可以呈游离的形式或固定于基体上,一般为固定在活化的氯化镁、三氯化钛(III)、氧化铝或氧化硅上。这些催化剂可溶于或不溶于聚合介质中。这些催化剂可以单独用于聚合,或再加以活化剂,一般为金属烷基化物、金属氢化物、金属烷基卤化物、金属烷基氧化物或金属烷基氧丙环,所说的金属是周期表Ia、IIa和/或IIIa族元素。可进一步用酯、醚、胺或甲硅烷基醚将活化剂加以改性。这些催化剂***一般称为Phillips、Standard Oil Indiana、Ziegler(-Natta)、TNZ(DuPont)、金属茂或单中心催化剂(SSC)。
2.在1)项中提到的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯同聚异丁烯混合物、聚丙烯同聚乙烯混合物(例如PP/HDPE、PP/LDPE)和不同类型的聚乙烯的混合物(例如,LDPE/HDPE)。
3.单烯烃和二烯烃相互共聚物或同其它的乙烯基单体的共聚物,例如,乙烯/丙烯共聚物、线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)及其同低密度聚乙烯-(LDPE)的混合物、丙烯/丁烯-1共聚物、丙烯/异丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丁烯-1共聚物、乙烯/己烯共聚物、乙烯/甲基戊烯共聚物、乙烯/庚烯共聚物、乙烯/辛烯共聚物、丙烯/丁二烯共聚物、异丁烯/异戊二烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物以及其同一氧化碳的共聚物,或乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物及其盐(离聚物),以及乙
烯、丙烯和二烯(如丁二烯、二环戊二烯或亚乙基-降冰片烯)的三元聚合物;以及这些共聚物相互混合物以及同1)中提到的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯/乙烯-丙烯共聚物、LDPE/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、LDPE/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)、LLDPE/EVA、LLDPE/EAA和交替的或随机的聚亚烷基/一氧化碳共聚物和它们同其它聚合物(如聚酰胺)的混合物。
相当重要的是单烯烃聚合物,特别是α-单烯烃的聚合物,例如聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁烯-1、聚4-甲基戊烯-1,以及环烯烃聚合物、聚乙烯(必要时可以是交联),例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、支链的低密度聚乙烯(BLDPE)、和这些单体或同醋酸乙烯酯的共聚物。优选的是聚乙烯、乙烯/丙烯共聚物、乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物和聚丙烯;特别是聚乙烯,常指LDPE
所说的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物常是聚合物薄膜,例如聚乙烯薄膜,特别是农业用的薄膜。
本发明能有效被稳定的合成有机聚合物还有如下列举的材料:
4.烃树脂(例如C5-C9),包括其加氢的改性品种(例如增粘剂)和聚亚烷基和淀粉的混合物。
5.聚苯乙烯、聚(对-甲基苯乙烯)、聚(α-甲基苯乙烯)。
6.苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯同二烯或丙烯酸衍生物的共聚物,例如苯乙烯/丁二烯、苯乙烯/丙烯腈、苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/马来酸酐、苯乙烯/丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯;高冲击强度的苯乙烯共聚物同其它聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯、二烯聚合物或
乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元聚合物;和苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物,如苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯或苯乙烯/乙烯/丙烯/苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物。
7.苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯的接枝共聚物,例如,苯乙烯接枝于聚丁二烯、苯乙烯接枝于聚丁二烯-苯乙烯或聚丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈(或甲基丙烯腈)接枝于聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝于聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酸酐接枝于聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和马来酸酐或马来酰亚胺接枝于聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酰亚胺接枝于聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯酸烷基酯或甲基丙烯酸烷基酯接枝于聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝于乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元聚合物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝于聚丙烯酸烷基酯或聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝于丙烯酸酯/丁二烯共聚物,以及它们的同6)项中列举的共聚物的混合物,例如,称为ABS、MBS、ASA或AES聚合物的共聚物混合物。
8.含卤素聚合物,如聚氯丁二烯、氯化橡胶、氯化和溴化的异丁烯-异戊二烯共聚物(卤丁基橡胶)、氯化或氯磺化的聚乙烯、乙烯和氯化乙烯的共聚物、表氯醇均和共聚物,特别是含卤乙烯基化合物的聚合物,例如,聚氯乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、以及它们的共聚物,如氯乙烯/偏氯乙烯、氯乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯或偏氯乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物。
9.由α,β-不饱和酸及其衍生物得到的聚合物,如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯;聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酰胺和聚丙烯腈、用丙烯酸丁酯改进冲击强度的聚合物。
10.9)项提到的单体的共聚物或同其它不饱和单体的共聚物,例
如,丙烯腈/丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷氧基烷基酯或丙烯腈/卤乙烯共聚物或丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯/丁二烯三元聚合物。
11.由不饱和醇和胺或酰基衍生物或其缩醛得到的聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚硬脂酸乙烯酯、聚苯甲酸乙烯酯、聚马来酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯缩丁醛、聚邻苯二酸烯丙酯或聚烯丙基三聚氰胺,以及它们同上面1)项中提到的烯烃的共聚物。
12.环状醚的均聚物和共聚物,如聚亚烷基二醇、聚环氧乙烷、聚环氧丙烷或它们同双缩水甘油醚的共聚物。
13.聚缩醛,如聚氧亚甲基和那些含环氧乙烷共聚单体的聚氧亚甲基;用热塑性聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯或MBS改性的聚缩醛。
14.聚苯氧和聚苯硫,以及聚苯氧同苯乙烯聚合物或聚酰胺的混合物。
15.由羟基为端基的聚醚、聚酯或聚丁二烯和脂肪或芳族聚异氰酸酯以及它们的前体得到的聚氨酯。
16.由二胺和二元羧酸和/或由氨基羧酸或相应内酰胺得到的聚酰胺和共聚酰胺,例如,聚酰胺4、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺6/6、6/10、6/9、6/12、4/6、12/12、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、由间苯二甲胺和乙二酸制得的芳族聚酰胺;由己二胺和间苯二甲酸或/和对苯二甲酸制得的聚酰胺(加或不加弹性体改性剂),例如聚2,4,4-三甲基亚己基对苯二酰胺或聚间亚苯基间苯二酰胺;还有上述的聚酰胺同聚烯烃、烯烃共聚物、离聚物或化学键合的或接枝的弹性体的嵌段共聚物,或同聚醚,如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚丁二醇的嵌段共聚物;以及用EPDM、或ABS、改性的聚酰胺或共聚酰胺;
和在加工中缩合的聚酰胺(RIM聚酰胺***)。
17.聚脲、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚乙内酰脲和聚苯并咪唑。
18.由二元羧酸和二醇和/或由羟基羧酸或相应的内酯得到的聚酯,例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚对苯二甲酸1,4-二羟甲基环己烷酯和聚羟基苯甲酸酯,以及由羟基为端基的聚醚得到的嵌段共聚醚酯;以及用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的聚酯。
19.聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯。
20.聚砜、聚醚砜和聚醚酮。
21.由醛和酚、脲和三聚氰胺制得的交联聚合物,如苯酚/甲醛树脂、脲/甲醛树脂和三聚氰胺/甲醛树脂。
22.干的和非干的醇酸树脂。
23.由饱和和不饱和的二元羧酸同多元醇的共聚酯,再用乙烯基化合物作交联剂制得的不饱和聚酯树脂以及其含卤素的低燃性的改性品种。
24.由取代的丙烯酸酯制得的可交联的丙烯酸树脂,例如,环氧丙烯酸酯、氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯或聚酯丙烯酸酯。
25.用三聚氰胺树脂、脲醛树脂、异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、聚异氰酸酯或环氧树脂交联的醇酸树脂、聚酯树脂和丙烯酸树脂。
26.由脂族、脂环、杂环或芳族缩水甘油化合物得到的交联环氧树脂,如双酚A和双酚F的二缩水甘油醚的产品用酸酐或胺(加有或不加促进剂)等普通硬化剂交联的产品。
27.天然聚合物,如纤维素、橡胶、明胶、和它们的化学改性的
同系衍生物,例如醋酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、丁酸纤维素,或纤维素醚,如甲基纤维素;以及松香和其衍生物。
28.上述聚合物的混合物(共混物),例如,PP/EPDM、聚酰胺/EPDM或ABS、PVC/EVA、PVC/ABS、PVC/MBS、PC/ABS、PBTP/ABS、PC/ASA、PC/PBT、PVC/CPE、PVC/丙烯酸酯、POM/热塑性PUR、PC/热塑性PUR、POM/丙烯酸酯、POM/MBS、PPO/HIPS、PPO/PA6.6和共聚物、PA/HDPE、PA/PP、PA/PPO、PBT/PC/ABS或PBT/PET/PC。
式中G是氢或甲基,G1和G2是氢、甲基或一并为=O。通式III或IIIa的多烷基哌啶基团优选是在4-位连接到一或二个极性取代基或极性的螺环***上。
这些化合物的实施例可以在下列美国专利中发现:4590231、
5300647、4831134、5204473、5004770、5096950、5021478、5118736、5021480、5015683、5021481、5019613、5021486、5021483、5145893、5286865、5359069、4983737、5047489、5077340、5021577、5189086、5015682、5015678、5051511、5140081、5204422、5026750、5185448、5180829、5262538、5371125、5216156、5300544。
在用作成分A的空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯中,羟胺的醚或酯,特别是醚,在技术上是特别重要的。
式中G是氢,
G1和G2如上述定义,
G11是氢、C1-C18烷基、C2-C18链烯基、C3-C18链炔基、C5-C12环烷基、C6-C10二环烷基、C5-C8环烯基、苯基、萘基、C7-C12苯基烷基、苯基或被7-14碳原子的烷基或苯基取代的苯基烷基,
G11特别是C1-C18烷基、C3-C8链烯基、C3-C8链炔基、
C5-C8环烷基、C7-C9苯基烷基、C2-C18烷酰基、C3-C6烯酰基,如C1-C18烷基、C5-C8环烷基或C7-C9苯基烷基。
更为优选的G11是C1-C12烷基、苄基、或C5-C8环烷基,最为优选的是C6-C10烷基或环己基。
使用下文(a)-(h)中讨论的含有至少一种上述的III或IIIa基团的空间位阻胺衍生物是特别重要的:
(a)通式IV的化合物
式中,n是1-4的数字,G和G1相互无关,各是氢或甲基,
G11如上述定义,以及
如果n=1,则G12是氢、可为一个或多个氧原子间断的C1-C18烷基、氰乙基、苄基、缩水甘油基、一价的脂肪族、脂环、芳脂、不饱和或芳族羧酸、氨基甲酸或含磷的酸基团、或一价的甲硅烷基,优选为2-18碳原子的脂族羧酸、7-15碳原子的环脂族羧酸、3-5碳原子的α,β-不饱和羧酸、或7-15碳原子的芳族羧酸基团,羧酸在每种情况下在脂族,环脂或芳族部分上可由1-3个-COOZ12取代,式中Z12是H、C1-C20烷基、C3-C12链烯基、C5-C7环烷基、苯基或苄基。
如果n=2,则G12是C2-C12亚烷基、C4-C12亚烯基、亚二甲苯基、二价的脂族、脂环、芳脂或芳族二元羧酸、二氨基甲酸或含磷酸基团、或二价甲硅烷基,优选是2-36碳原子的脂族二元羧
酸、8-14碳原子的芳族或环脂二元羧酸或8-14碳原子的脂族、脂环或芳族二氨基甲酸的基团,以及二元羧酸在每种情况下在脂族、脂环或芳族部分上可由1或2个-COOZ12所取代,
如n=3,则G12是脂族、脂环或芳族三元羧酸的三价基团,该基团脂族、脂环或芳族部分上可为-COOZ12取代,或是芳族三氨基甲酸或含磷的酸的三价基团,或是三价的甲硅烷基,
如果n=4,则G12是四价的脂族、脂环或芳族四元羧酸基团。
在每种情况下所指示的羧酸基团含有通式(-CO)nR的基团,式中n的意义如上所示,R的意义按照所给的定义。
C1-C12烷基取代基一般是甲基、乙基、正-丙基、正-丁基、仲-丁基、叔丁基、正己基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一烷基或正十二烷基。
G11或G12定义为C1-C18烷基时一般可为如上指示的基团,此外,如正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十六烷基或正十八烷基。
G11定义作C3-C8链烯基时可为,例如1-丙烯基、烯丙基、甲基烯丙基、2-丁烯基、2-戊烯基、2-己烯基、2-辛烯基、4-叔丁基-2-丁烯基。
G11定义作C3-C8炔基时,优选是炔丙基。
G11定义作C7-C12苯基烷基时,优选是苯基乙基,尤其是苄基,
G11定义作C2-C18烷酰基时,一般为丙酰基、丁酰基、辛酰基,但优选为乙酰基,定义为C3-C6烯酰基时,优选为丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基。
G12定义为一价的羧酸基团时,一般为醋酸、己酸、硬脂酸、丙
烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、苯甲酸或β(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸;优选为硬脂酸、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸。
G12定义作一价的甲硅烷基时,一般为通式-(CjH2j)-Si(Z′)2Z″基团,式中j为2-5的整数,和Z′和Z"相互无关,各是C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基。
G12定义作二价的二元羧酸基团时,一般为丙二酸、琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、辛二酸、癸二酸、马来酸、衣康酸、邻苯二甲酸、二丁基丙二酸、二苄基丙二酸、丁基(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸或二环戊烯二羧酸的基团。
G12定义作三价的三元羧酸基团时一般为偏苯三酸、柠檬酸或次氮基三醋酸的基团。
G12定义作四价的四元羧酸的基团时,一般是四价的丁烷-1,2,3,4-四羧酸或1,2,4,5-苯四酸的基团。
G12定义作二价的二氨基甲酸基团时,一般为亚己基二氨基甲酸基团或2,4-亚甲苯基二氨基甲酸基团。
优选的是通式IV的那些化合物,式中G和G1是氢,G11是C6-C10烷基或环己基,n是1或2,G12是12-18碳原子的脂族一元羧酸的酰基或4-12碳原子的脂族二元羧酸的二酰基。
这类多烷基哌啶化合物的重要实例是:
1)1-辛氧基-4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶
2)1-环己氧基-4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶。
3)1-环己氧基-4-硬脂酰氧-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶
4)琥珀酸双(1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯
5)己二酸双(1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯
6)癸二酸双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯。
式中,n1是1或2,G、G1和G11具有(a)给定的意义,
G13是氢、C1-C12烷基、C2-C5羟基烷基、C5-C7环烷基、C7-C8芳烷基、C2-C18烷酰基、C3-C5烯酰基、苯甲酰基或通式Va的基团
以及,
如果n=1,则G14是氢、C1-C18烷基、C3-C8链烯基、C5-C7环烷基;被羟基、氰基、烷氧基羰基或氨基甲酰胺基团取代的C1-C4烷基;缩水甘油基;通式-CH2-CH(OH)-Z或通式-CONH-Z基团,式中Z是氢、甲基或苯基;
如果n=2,则G14是C2-C12亚烷基、C6-C12亚芳基、亚二甲苯基、-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-基团或-CH2-CH(OH)
-CH 2 -O-D-O-基团,
式中D是C2-C10亚烷基、C6-C15亚芳基、C6-C12环亚烷基;或假定G13不是烷酰基、烯酰基或苯甲酰基,G14也可以是1-氧-C2-C12亚烷基、二价的脂族、脂环或芳族二元羧酸或二氨基甲酸的基团,或-CO-基;或者,
如果n=1,G13和G14一起可以是二价的脂族、脂环或芳族1,2-二元羧酸或1,3-二元羧酸的基团。
C1-C12烷基取代基或C1-C18烷基取代基具有(a)指出的意义。
C5-C7环烷基取代基优选是环己基。
G13定义作C7-C8芳烷基时,优选是苯基乙基或更具体说是苄基。G13定义作C2-C5羟烷基时,优选是2-羟乙基或2-羟丙基。
G13定义作C2-C18烷酰基时,一般是丙酰基、丁酰基、辛酰基、十二烷酰基、十六烷酰基、十八烷酰基,但优选是乙酰基,定义作C3-C5烯酰基时,优选是丙烯酰基。
G14定义作C2-C8链烯基时,一般是烯丙基、甲基烯丙基、2-丁烯基、2-戊烯基、2-己烯基或2-辛烯基。
G14定义作由羟基、氰基、烷氧基羰基或氨基甲酰胺基团取代的C1-C4烷基时,一般可以是2-羟基乙基、2-羟基丙基、2-氰基乙基、甲氧基羰基甲基、2-乙氧羰基乙基、2-氨基羰基丙基或2-(二甲基氨基羰基)乙基。
C2-C12亚烷基取代基一般为亚乙基、亚丙基、2,2-二甲基亚丙基、亚丁基、亚己基、亚辛基、亚癸基或亚十二烷基。
C6-C15亚芳基取代基一般为邻-、间-或对-亚苯基、1,4
亚萘基或4,4′-联亚苯基。
C6-C12环亚烷基优选是环亚己基。
优选是通式V的那些化合物,其中n是1或2,G是氢、G11是C6-C10烷基或环己基,G13是氢、C1-C12烷基或通式Va的基团,如果n=1,G14是氢或C1-C12烷基,如果n=2,G14是C2-C8亚烷基或1-氧-C2-C8亚烷基。
式中,n是1或2,G、G1和G11具有(a)中指示的意义,如果n=1,则G15是C2-C8亚烷基,C2-C8羟基亚烷基或C4-C22酰氧基亚烷基;如果n=2,则G15是(-CH2)2C(CH2-)2基团。
G15定义作C2-C8亚烷基或C2-C8羟基亚烷基时,则G15一般是亚乙基、1-甲基亚乙基、亚丙基、2-乙基亚丙基或2-乙基-2-羟基甲基亚丙基。
G15定义作C4-C22酰氧基亚烷基时,则G15一般是2-乙基-2-乙酸基甲基亚丙基。
式中,n是1或2,G、G1和G11具有(a)中指示的意义,G16是氢、C1-C12烷基、烯丙基、苄基、缩水甘油基或C2-C6烷氧基烷基,如果n=1,则G17是氢、C1-C12烷基、C3-C5链烯基、C7-C9芳烷基、C5-C7环烷基、C2-C4羟基烷基、C2-C6烷氧基烷基、C6-C10芳基、缩水甘油基、或通式-(CH2)p-COO-Q或通式-(CH2)p-O-CO-Q的基团,式中p是1或2,Q是C1-C4烷基或苯基;如果n=2,则G17是C2-C12亚烷基、C4-C12亚烯基、C6-C12亚芳基、-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O-D-O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-基团,式中D是C2-C10亚烷基、C6-C15亚芳基、C6-C12环亚烷基,或-CH2CH(OZ′)CH2-(OCH2-CH(OZ′)CH2)2-,式中,Z′是氢、C1-C18烷基、烯丙基、苄基、C2-C12烷酰基或苯甲酰基,T1和T2相互无关,各为氧、C1-C18
烷基或C6-C10芳基或其每个可被卤或C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9芳烷基,或T1和T2同连结的碳原子共同形成C5-C14环烷环。
取代基C1-C12烷基一般为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正己基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一烷基或正十二烷基。
定义作C1-C18烷基的取代基一般可以是上面所指的基团以及如正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十六烷基或正十八烷基。
取代基C2-C6烷氧基烷基一般是甲氧基甲基、乙氧基甲基、丙氧基甲基、叔丁氧基甲基、乙氧基乙基、乙氧基丙基、正丁氧基乙基、叔丁氧基乙基、异丙氧基乙基或丙氧基丙基。
定义作C3-C5链烯基的G17一般是1-丙烯基、烯丙基、甲基烯丙基、2-丁烯基或2-戊烯基。
G17、T1和T2定义作C7-C9芳烷基时,优选是苯乙基或更具体地说是苄基。如果T1和T2同碳原子共同形成环烷环,则所说的环一般可是环戊烷、环己烷、环辛烷或环十二烷环。
G17定义C2-C4羟基烷基时,一般是2-羟基乙基、2-羟基丙基、2-羟基丁基或4-羟基丁基。
G17、T1和T2定义作C6-C10芳基时,优选是苯基、α或β-萘基,每个可被卤素或C1-C4烷基取代。
G17定义作C2-C12亚烷基时,一般是亚乙基、亚丙基、2,2-二甲基亚丙基、亚丁基、亚己基、亚辛基、亚癸基或亚十二烷基。
G17定义作C4-C12亚烯基时,优选为2-亚丁烯基、2-亚戊烯基或3-亚己烯基。
G17定义作C6-C12亚芳基时,一般为邻-、间-、或对-亚
苯基、1,4-亚萘基或4,4′-联亚苯基。
Z′定义作C2-C12烷酰基时,一般为丙酰基、丁酰基、辛酰基、十二烷酰基,但优选是乙酰基。
D定义作C2-C10亚烷基、C6-C15亚芳基或C6-C12环亚烷基时如(b)中所限定的。
式中G和G11如在(a)中定义的,最优选的G是氢、最优选的G11是C1-C10烷基或环己基,以及G1和G2是氢,甲基或一起可以是取代基=O,
E是-O-或-NG13-,A是C2-C6亚烷基或-(CH2)3-O-,x是0或1,G13是氢、C1-C12烷基、C2-C5羟基烷基或C5-C7环烷基,
G19和G18相同,或是下列基团之一:-NG21G22、-OG23、
-NHCH2OG23或-N(CH2OG23)2,
如果n=1,则G20相同于G18或G19,如果n=2,则G20是-E-B-E-基团,式中B是C2-C8亚烷基或为1或2基团-N(G21)-所间断的C2-C8亚烷基,
G22是C1-C12烷基、环己基、苄基、C1-C4羟基烷基,和G23是氢、C1-C12烷基或苯基,或G21和G22一起是C4-C5亚烷基或C4-C5氧亚烷基,一般为
或通式
基团,或
C1-C12烷基取代基一般是甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正己基、正-辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正-癸基、正十一烷基或正十二烷基。
C1-C4羟基烷基取代基一般是2-羟基乙基、2-羟基丙基、3-羟基丙基、2-羟基丁基或4-羟基丁基。
A定义作C2-C6亚烷基时,一般为亚乙基、亚丙基、2,2-二甲基亚丙基、亚丁基或亚己基。
G21和G22一起定义为C4-C5亚烷基或氧亚烷基时,一般为亚丁基、亚戊基或3-氧杂亚戊基。
(f)齐聚物或聚合物,其结构重复单元含通式III的N-取代的2,2,6,6-四烷基哌啶基,优选为聚酯、聚醚、聚酰胺、聚胺、聚氨酯、聚脲、聚氨基三嗪、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚(甲基)丙烯酰胺以及它们的含这些基团的共聚物。
提及的芳族化合物和残基,如芳族羧酸、芳族氨基甲酸或芳脂或芳烷基部分的特征是,它们含环状结构的芳族部分,此环状结构的成键***含(4i+2)π-电子,此处的i是一整数。芳族部分优选为碳环;一般它们是苯基或萘基。因此,芳脂或芳烷基部分的典型实例是苄基、甲基苄基、甲苯基或二甲苯基。典型的芳族羧酸包括苯甲酸以及带有2或多个COOH基团如邻苯二甲酸的苯。
表示作烷基而未进一步说明的残基优选为正-烷基;例如辛基(C8H17基)优选是正辛基(〔CH2〕7-CH3基)。
在本发明组合物中作为化合物A优选是通式IV或VIII的空间位阻的胺衍生物(a和e基团)。
本发明稳定的合成有机聚合物一般含0.01-5%重量的空间位阻的胺衍生物和0.005-6%重量的含有连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物(相对于要稳定的聚合物重量)。稳定剂两种成分的有利的用量范围为0.025-2%,特别是0.05-1%重量的空间位阻的胺衍生物和0.005-3%,如0.005-1%,特别是0.025-0.5%重量的含氧和/或羟基的金属化合物。
空间位阻的羟基胺或其醚或酯可以是单一的化合物也可以是化合物的混合物。在混合物的情况下,所说的量在每种情况下是指所
用的空间位阻的胺衍生物的总量。
除了简单的金属氧化物或氢氧化物外,若还使用水滑石,则其用量最好是为要稳定的聚合物重量的0.005-3%,特别是0.2-3%,则含上面给出的连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物总量可以是0.01-6%。
除上面讨论的组分外,本发明的组合物还可含下列添加剂:
1.抗氧化剂
1.1烷基化的一元酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚、2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚、2-(α-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二-十八烷基-4-甲基丙酚、2,4,6-三环己基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚、在侧链上是线型或支链的壬基苯酚,例如,2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1′-甲基十一烷-1′-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1′-甲基十七烷-1′-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1′-甲基十三烷-1′-基)苯酚及其混合物。
1.2烷基硫代甲基苯酚,例如2,4-二辛基硫代甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、2,4-二辛基硫代甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2,4-二辛基硫代甲基-6-乙基苯酚、2,6-二-十二烷基硫代甲基-4-壬基苯酚。
1.3.氢醌和烷基化的氢醌,例如,2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚、2,5-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔戊基氢醌、2,6
-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚、硬脂酸3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯酯、己二酸双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)酯。
1.4.生育酚,例如α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚及其混合物(维生素E)。
1.5.羟基化的二苯基硫醚,例如2,2′-双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)硫醚、2,2′-双(4-辛基苯酚)硫醚、4,4′-双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)-硫醚、4,4′-双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)-硫醚、4,4′-双(3,6-二仲戊基苯酚)硫醚、4,4′-双(2,6-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)二硫化物。
1.6.亚烷基双酚,例如,2,2′-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双〔4-甲基-6-(α-甲基-环己基)苯酚〕、2,2′-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2′-亚乙基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2′-亚乙基双(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚)、2,2′-亚甲基双〔6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚〕、2,2′-亚甲基双〔6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚〕、4,4′-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、4,4′-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、2,6-双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)4-甲基苯酚、1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁
烷、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、乙二醇双〔3,3-双(3′-叔丁基-4′-羟基苯基)丁酸酯〕、双(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基-苯基)二环戊二烯、对苯二甲酸双〔2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基〕酯、1,1-双-(3,5-二甲基)-2-羟基苯基)丁烷、2,2-双-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、1,1,5,5-四-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷。
1.7.O-、N-、和S-苄基化合物,例如,3,5,3′,5′-四叔丁基-4,4′-二羟基二苄基醚、十八烷基-4-羟基3,5-二甲基苄基巯基醋酸酯、十三烷基-4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基巯基醋酸酯、三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺、二硫代对苯二甲酸双(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)酯、双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚、异辛基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基醋酸酯。
1.8.羟苄基化的丙二酸酯,例如,二-十八烷基-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-2-羟苄基)丙二酸酯、二-十八烷基-2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苄基)丙二酸酯、二-十二烷基巯基乙基-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯、双〔4-(1,1,3,3四甲基丁基)苯基〕-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯。
1.9.芳族羟苄基化合物,例如,1,3,5-三-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯、1,4-双(3,
5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯酚。
1.10.三嗪化合物,例如,2,4-双(辛基巯基)-6-(3,5二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛基巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛基巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,2,3-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二-甲基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯。
1.11苄基膦酸酯,例如,二甲基-2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、二乙基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二-十八烷基酯、二-十八烷基-5-叔丁基-4-羟基3-甲基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐。
1.12.酰氨基苯酚,例如,4-羟基月桂酰苯胺、4-羟基硬脂酰苯胺、N-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸辛酯。
1.13.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸同一元或多元醇的酯,例如同甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷基醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊
二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N′-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷基醇、3-硫代十五烷基醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛烷。
1.14.β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸同一元或多元醇的酯,例如同甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷基醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N′-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷基醇、3-硫代十五烷基醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛烷。
1.15.β-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸同一元或多元醇的酯,例如同甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷基醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N′-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷基醇、3-硫代十五烷基醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛烷。
1.16 3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙酸 同一元或多元醇的酯,例如同甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷基醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N′-双(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷基醇、3-硫代十五烷基醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7
-三氧杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛烷。
1.17.β-(3,S-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺,例如,N,N′-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)己二胺、N,N′-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)丙二胺、N,N′-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)肼。
1.18抗坏血酸(维生素C)
1.19.胺类抗氧化剂,例如,N,N′-二异丙基对苯二胺、N,N′-二仲丁基对苯二胺、N,N′-双(1,4-二甲基戊基)对苯二胺、N,N′-双(1-乙基-3-甲基戊基)对-苯二胺、N,N′-双(1-甲基庚基)对-苯二胺、N,N′-二环己基-对-苯二胺、N, N′-二苯基-对-苯二胺、N,N′-双(2-萘基)-对-苯二胺、N-异丙基-N′-苯基-对-苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N′-苯基-对-苯二胺、N-(1-甲基庚基)-N′-苯基-对-苯二胺、N-环己基-N′-苯基-对-苯二胺、4-(对-甲苯氨磺酰)-二苯胺、N,N′-二甲基-N,N′-二仲丁基-对-苯二胺、二苯胺、N-烯丙基二苯胺、4-异丙氧基二苯胺、N-苯基-1-萘胺,N-(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-萘胺、N-苯基-2-萘胺、辛基化的二苯胺,例如,对,对′-二叔辛基二苯胺、4-正-丁基氨基苯酚、4-丁酰氨基苯酚、4-壬酰氨基苯酚、4-十二烷酰氨基苯酚、4-十八烷酰氨基苯酚、双(4-甲氧基苯基)胺、2,6-二叔丁基-4-二甲基氨基甲基苯酚、2,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷、N,N,N′,N′-四甲基-4,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷、1,2-双〔(2-甲基苯基)氨基〕乙烷、1,2-双(苯基氨基)丙
烷、(邻-甲苯基)双胍、双〔4-(1′,3′-二甲基丁基)苯基〕胺、叔辛基化的N-苯基-1-萘胺、单和二烷基化的叔丁基/叔辛基二苯胺的混合物、单和二烷基化的壬基二苯胺的混合物、单和二烷基化的十二烷基二苯胺的混合物、单和二烷基化的异丙基/异己基二苯胺的混合物、单和二烷基化的叔丁基二苯胺的混合物、2,3-二氢-3,3-二甲基-4H-1,4-苯并噻嗪、吩噻嗪、单和二烷基化的叔丁基/叔-辛基吩噻嗪的混合物、单和二烷基化叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物、N-烯丙基吩噻嗪、N,N,N′,N′-四苯基-1,4-二氨基丁烯-2、N,N-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基己二胺、癸二酸双(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶酮-4、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶醇-4。
2.紫外线吸收剂和光稳定剂
2.1.2-(2′-羟基苯基)苯并***,例如,2-(2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(5′-叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(2′-羟基-5′-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并***、2-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-仲丁基-5′-叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(2′-羟基-4′-辛氧基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′,5′-二叔戊基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′,5′-双(α,α-二甲基苯基)-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′
-叔丁基-5′-〔2-(2-乙基己氧基)-羰基乙基〕-2′-羟基苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3’-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-5’-〔2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基〕-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-十二烷基-2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并***和2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基苯并***的混合物、2,2′-亚甲基-双〔4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并***-2-基苯酚〕;2-〔3′-叔丁基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)-2′-羟基苯基〕-2H-苯并***同聚乙二醇300的酯交换产品;〔R-CH2CH2-COO(CH2)32,式中R=3′叔丁基-4′-羟基-5′-2H-苯并***-2-基苯基。
2.2.2-羟基二苯酮,例如,4-羟基、4-甲氧基、4-辛氧基、4-癸氧基、4-十二烷氧基、4-苄氧基、4,2′,4′-三羟基和2′-基-4,4′-二甲氧基衍生物。
2.3.取代的和未取代的苯甲酸的酯,如水杨酸4-叔丁基苯酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸辛基苯酯、二苯甲酰基间苯二酚、双(4-叔丁基苯甲酰基)间苯二酚。苯甲酰基间苯二酚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2,4-二叔丁基苯酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷基酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷基酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2-甲基-4,6-二叔丁基苯酯。
2.4.丙烯酸酯,例如,α-氰基-β,β二苯基丙烯酸乙酯、α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸异辛酯、α-羰甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基-对-甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基-对-甲氧基-肉桂酸丁酯、α-羰甲氧基-对-甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯和N-(β-羰甲氧基-β-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚。
2.5.镍化合物,例如,2,2′-硫代双〔4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚〕的镍络合物,如加有或无附加配位体1∶1或1∶2的络合物,配位体如正丁胺、三乙醇胺或N-环己基二乙醇胺,二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍、单烷基酯的镍盐,例如4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基膦酸的甲或乙酯、酮肟的镍络合物,例如2-羟基-4-甲基苯基十一烷基酮肟的镍络合物、1-苯基-4-月桂酰基-5-羟基吡唑,或无附加配位体的镍络合物。2.6.空间位阻的胺,例如,癸二酸双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)酯、琥珀酸双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)酯、癸二酸双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶)酯、癸二酸双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯、正丁基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基丙二酸双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯、1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶和琥珀酸的缩合物、N,N′-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺和4-叔辛基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的缩合物、次氮基三醋酸三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯、四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷-四羧酸酯、1,1′-(1,
2-乙烷二基)双(3,3,5,5-四甲基哌嗪酮)、4-苯甲酰基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、4-硬脂酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)-2-正-丁基-2-(2-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基)丙二酸酯、3-正辛基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺〔4.5〕癸二酮-2,4、癸二酸双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)酯、琥珀酸双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)酯、N,N′-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺同4-吗啉代-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的缩合物、2-氯-4,6-双(4-正丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪同1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物、2-氯-4,6-二(4-正丁基氨基-1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪同1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物、8-乙酰基-3-十二烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺〔4.5〕癸烷-2,4-二酮、3-十二烷基-1-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮、3-十二烷基-1-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮、4-十六烷氧基-和4-硬脂酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的混合物、N,N′-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺同4-环己基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的缩合产物、1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷和2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪以及4-丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的缩合产物(CAS Reg。No.〔136504-96-6〕);N-(2,2,
6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺、N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)-正-十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺、2-十一烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧-螺〔4,5〕癸烷、7,7,9,9-四甲基-2-环十一烷基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧螺〔4,5〕癸烷和表氯醇反应产物、丙二酸(4-甲氧基苯基)亚甲基-双(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯、N,N′-双-甲酰-N,N′-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)己二胺、聚-〔甲基丙基-3-氧-4-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)〕硅氧烷、马来酸-α-烯烃共聚物和2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氨基哌啶或1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-氨基哌啶的反应产物。
2.7.草酰胺,例如,4,4′-二辛氧基N,N′-草酰二苯胺、2,2′-二乙氧基N,N草酰二苯胺、2,2′-二辛氧基-5,5′-二叔丁基-N,N′-草酰二苯胺、2,2′-二-十二烷氧基-5,5′-二叔丁基-N,N′-草酰二苯胺、2-乙氧基-2′-乙基-N,N′-草酰二苯胺、N,N′-双(3-二甲基氨基丙基)草酰胺、2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2′-乙基-N,N′-草酰二苯胺及其同2-乙氧基-2′-乙基-5,4′-二叔丁基-N,N′-草酰二苯胺的混合物,和邻-和对-甲氧基二取代的N,N′-草酰二苯胺混合物和邻和对-乙氧基-二取代的N,N′-草酰二苯胺的混合物。
2.8.2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,例如2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-
(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-〔2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基-丙氧基)苯基〕-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-〔2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基-丙氧基)苯基〕-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-〔4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基-苯基〕-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-〔2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基-丙氧基)苯基〕-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基)苯基-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三〔2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基-丙氧基)苯基〕-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪。
3.金属减活剂,例如,N,N′-二苯基草酰胺、N-水杨醛-N’-水杨酰肼、N,N′-双(水杨酰)肼、N,N′-双(3,
5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰)肼、3-水杨酰氨基-1,2,4-***、双(亚苄基)草酰二肼、N,N′-草酰二苯胺、间苯二酰肼、癸二酰双苯基酰肼、N,N′-二乙酰己二酰二肼、N,N′-双(水杨酰)草酰二肼、N,N′-双(水杨酰)硫代丙酰二肼。
4.亚磷酸酯和亚膦酸酯,例如,亚磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸二苯基烷基酯、亚磷酸苯基二烷基酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亚磷酸三月桂酯、亚磷酸三-十八烷基酯、二亚磷酸二硬脂基季戊四醇酯、亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、二亚磷酸二异癸基季戊四醇酯、二亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇酯、二亚磷酸双(2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯基)-季戊四醇酯、二亚磷酸二异癸氧基季戊四醇酯、二亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇酯、亚磷酸双(2,4,6-三(叔丁基苯基)季戊-四醇酯、三亚磷酸三硬脂基山梨醇酯、二亚膦酸四(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)4,4′亚联苯酯、6-异辛氧基-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12H-二苯并〔d,g〕-1,3,2-二氧杂磷酸氧还素、6-氟-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12-甲基-二苯并〔d,g〕-1,3,2-二氧杂磷酸氧还素、亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)甲基酯、亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙基酯。
5.羟胺,例如,N,N-二苄基羟胺、N,N-二乙基羟胺、N,N-二辛基羟胺、N,N-二月桂基羟胺、N,N-二-十四烷基羟胺、N,N-二-十六烷基羟胺、N,N-二-十八烷基羟胺、N-十六烷基-N-十八烷基羟胺、N-十七烷基-
N-十八烷基羟胺、由加氢的牛油脂胺衍生的N,N-二烷基羟胺。
6.硝酮,例如,N-苄基-α-苯基硝酮,N-乙基-α-甲基硝酮,N-辛基-α-庚基硝酮、N-月桂基-α-十一烷基硝酮、N-十四烷基-α-十三烷基硝酮、N-十六烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十六烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮、N-十七烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十六烷基硝酮、由加氢牛油脂胺衍生的N,N-二烷基羟胺制得的硝酮。
7.含硫协同剂,例如,硫代二丙酸二月桂酯或硫代二丙酸二硬脂基酯。
8.过氧化物清除剂,例如β-硫代二丙酸酯,例如月桂酯、硬脂基酯、十四烷基酯或十三烷基酯,巯基苯并咪唑、或2-巯基苯并咪唑的锌盐、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二硫化二一十八烷基、四(β-十二烷基巯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯。
9.聚酰胺稳定剂,例如,同碘化物和/或磷化合物混合的铜盐,和二价锰盐。
10.碱性助稳定剂,例如,三聚氰胺、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、二氰二酰胺、氰尿酸三烯丙酯、脲衍生物、肼衍生物、胺、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、高级脂肪酸的碱金属盐和碱土金属盐,例如硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、山萮酸镁、硬脂酯镁、蓖麻酸钠和软脂酸钾、焦儿茶酸锑或焦儿茶酸锡。
11.成核剂,例如,无机物,如滑石、金属氧化物,如二氧化
钛或氧化镁,磷酸盐、碳酸盐或硫酸盐,优选为它们的碱土金属盐;有机化合物,如一元或多元羧酸及其盐,例如4-叔丁基苯甲酸、己二酸、二苯基醋酸、琥珀酸钠或苯甲酸钠;聚合化合物,如离子共聚物(“离聚物”)。
12.填料和增强剂,例如,碳酸钙、硅酸盐、玻璃纤维、玻璃球、石棉、滑石、高岭土、云母、硫酸钡、金属氧化物和氢氧化物、炭黑、石墨、木粉和其它天然产物的粉或纤维、合成纤维。
13.其它添加剂,例如,增塑剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、颜料、流变添加剂、催化剂、流动控制剂、光学增白剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂和起泡剂。
14.苯并呋喃酮和二氢吲哚酮,例如,在US-A-4325863、US-A-4338244、US-A-5175312、US-A-5216052、US-A-5252643、DE-A-4316611、DE-A-4316622、DE-A-4316876、EP-A-0589839或EP-A-0591102中公开的那些;或3-〔4-(2-乙酸基乙氧基)苯基〕-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃酮-2、5,7-二叔丁基-3-〔4-(2-硬脂酸基乙氧基)苯基〕苯并呋喃酮-2、3,3′-双〔5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-〔2-羟基乙氧基〕-苯基)苯并呋喃酮-2〕、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-乙氧基苯基)苯并呋喃酮-2、3-(4-乙酸基-3,5-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃酮-2、3-(3,5-二甲基-4-新戊酸基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基-苯并呋喃酮-2。
在许多情况下,本发明的合成有机聚合物含有作为附加稳定
剂的羧酸盐(羧酸金属盐),特别是C8-C22羧酸;其中最重要的是C8-C18羧酸盐。必要时可加入的羧酸金属盐主要是Al、Ba、Ca、Mg、Sr或锌盐。优选的是铝、钙、镁或锌盐,特别是C12-C18羧酸的盐。最优选的是钙盐,如硬脂酸钙。
本发明组份最重要的那些:其中成分A是上述化合物No.3,5,6和/或7中之一,成分B是ZnO、水滑石或两者的混合物,以及必要时加入的硬脂酸钙,特别是那些合成有机聚合物是聚乙烯者。这些稳定剂组合物的实例是
化合物No.7和ZnO和硬脂酸钙,
化合物No.7和水滑石,或
化合物No.7和水滑石和ZnO。
在优选的组合物中,除了成分A和B外,合成有机聚合物还含有一种或多种选自稳定剂、填料、增强剂、颜料、染料、增塑剂、溶剂、润滑剂、流动控制剂、荧光增白剂、成核剂、抗静电剂或阻燃剂。特别优选是选自羧酸碱土金属盐、锌盐和铝盐,如上述的硬脂酸钙和紫外线吸收剂的组分。
优选的稳定剂混合物的实例如下(所有的百分比是以聚合物重量计):
a).0.25%的羟胺醚No.7),0.20%的ZnO,0.20%的硬脂酸钙;
b)0.15%的羟胺醚No.6),0.20%的ZnO,0.20%的硬脂酸钙;
c)0.15%的羟胺醚No.7),0.20%的ZnO,0.20%的硬脂酸钙;
d)0.40%的羟胺醚No.7),0.20%的ZnO,0.20%的硬脂酸钙。
必要时加入的紫外线吸收剂常选自2-(2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-羟基二苯甲酮、草酰胺和/或2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪。优选的是2-(2′-羟基苯基)苯并***紫外线吸收剂;这些化合物的实例是2-(2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)-苯并***、2-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(5′-叔丁基-2′-羟苯基)苯并***、2-(2′-羟基-5′-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并***、2-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-甲基-苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-仲丁基-5′-叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(2′-羟基-4′-辛氧基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′,5′-二叔戊基-2′-羟基苯基)-苯并***、2-(3′,5′-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-5′-〔2-(2-乙基己氧基)-羰基乙基〕-2′-羟基苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯-苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-叔丁基-5′-〔2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基〕-2′-羟基苯基)苯并***、2-(3′-十二烷基-2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并***和2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基苯并***的混合物、2,2′-亚甲基-双〔4-(1,1,3,3
-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并***-2-基苯酚〕;2-〔3′-叔丁基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)-2′-羟基苯基〕-2H-苯并***同聚乙二醇300的酯交换产物;〔R-CH2CH2-COO(CH2)32,式中R=3′-叔丁基-4′-羟基-5′-2H-苯并***-2-基苯基。
羧酸金属盐的有利用量为聚合物重量的0.05-2%,特别是0.1-1%.
紫外线吸收剂的有利用量为要稳定聚合物重量的0.01-5%,特别是0.05-2%。
对于本发明的组合物,加入那些空间位阻的胺衍生物,优选是那些分子量或平均分子量(Mn)在300-10,000者,特别是在1000-10,000者。这些化合物中,分子量或平均分子量在1500-10,000范围,例如在2000-7500范围的那些空间位阻的胺衍生物特别可再次提到。
本发明提到的稳定剂组合物的所有成分是已知化合物,其中许多是市场可购得的。
将本发明的稳定剂组份加到聚合物中可以通过工业上传统的方法进行,如果需要,也可加入其它添加剂。加入最好在成形之前或成形过程中进行,方法是混合粉碎的成分,或将稳定剂加到聚合物熔体或溶液中,或将溶解的或分散的稳定剂加到聚合物中,随后如果需要可将溶剂蒸发。将本发明的稳定剂加到聚合物中的另一种可能性是在相应的单体聚合前或聚合中或在交联前加入。
本发明还涉及稳定合成有机聚合物以免受光、氧和/或热的有
害影响的方法,此方法包括在聚合物中加入空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯以及含有连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物,以及涉及到这种稳定剂***的相应应用。
本发明的稳定剂或其混合物,以母料形式(含这些稳定剂的浓度,例如2.5-25%重量)加入到待稳定的聚合物中。
本发明的稳定剂以下列可能的方法有利地加入:
-作为乳液或分散液(如乳胶或乳液聚合物)
-在混合附加成分或聚合物混合物时作为干的混合物
-直接加入到加工设备中(如挤压机、砑光机等)
-作为溶液或熔体。
需要强调指出,本发明的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物组合物(其中聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物呈薄膜形式)不仅显示出改进了的抗光、氧和/或热诱发的降解,而且还显示出抗同聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物膜接触的农药的有害影响。因此,本发明的另一主题是提供稳定抗光降解的可同农药接触的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜,其特征是,这种聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜含有空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯以及含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。
根据本发明稳定的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物优选用在农业,特别用于温室。
本发明还涉及含农药和用空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯和含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物稳定的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物膜的组合物;还涉及稳定聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜抗光、氧、热和/或农药的有害影响的方法,此方法包括在聚合物薄膜中加入空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯以及含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟
基的化合物;以及涉及这种稳定剂在农业,特别是在温室的相应应用。
造成快速光降解的农药常是含卤素和/或硫原子的农药。含卤素的农药一般包括含氟、氯或溴,特别是氯的化合物。对聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物膜的光稳定性产生有害影响的化合物可以被本发明有效地防止,这些化合物包括苄氯菊酯和氰戊菊酯类的拟除虫菊酯、硫脲、二硫氨基甲酸盐、硫和异硫氰酸盐和产生这些化合物的化合物,特别是含氯和二硫氨基甲酸盐(如偏氯乙烯衍生物和烷基二硫氨基甲酸的金属盐)的苄氯菊酯型化合物。
本发明的主题也是用于同农药接触的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜的含有空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯和含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物的稳定剂组合物。
所产生的经稳定的聚合物组合物,特别是聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物组合物可用传统方法转变成薄膜。
因此,本发明还涉及稳定农业用,特别是温室用聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜的方法。这种聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜具有改进的光稳定性和抗农药性。此方法中包括在聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物中加入空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯以及含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。本发明还有一个主题是温室,其特征是覆盖的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜具有改进的光稳定性和耐农药性,是经空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯和含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物稳定的。
本发明的进一步主题是将经空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯和含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物稳定的聚烯烃或烯烃共
聚物薄膜应用于涉及农药的农业用途,特别是温室,以及将空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯同含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物混合,用于稳定同农药接触的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜以抗光降解和农药的损害。
下列的实施例说明本发明的具体实施方案。除非指出,否则所有给出的份是指重量份。
LDPE代表低密度聚乙烯。
实施例1:聚丙烯纤维的光稳定作用。
在下面表1中所示的化合物同1克的亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、0.5克的3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐和1克的硬脂酸钙一起在一汽轮混合器中同1000克的聚丙烯粉(在230℃和2.16千克测定的熔体流动指数为12克/10分钟)混合。
将混合物在200-230℃挤出得到颗粒;使用一中试设备(意大利Leonard-Sumirago(VA))在下列条件下将颗粒转变成纤维:
挤压机温度: 200-230℃
机头温度 235℃
拉伸比: 1∶3.5
计数: 11dtex/丝
用这种方法生产的纤维在Weather-O-Meter Type 65WR中对着白纸板处理,按照ASTM D2565-85方法进行,黑板温度63℃。在不同的处理时间后,用恒速张力计测定试样的残留抗张强度。然后计算初始抗张强度减少一半所需的处理时间T50。
在处理前,某些纤维在120℃在强制循环空气炉中进行拉幅20分钟。然后如上述计算这些纤维的原始抗张强度减半所需的处理时间T50。
结果示于下面的表1。用量数据是按所用的聚丙烯的重量计算的。稳定剂A和B相当于上面讨论的成分A和B;稳定剂C是必要时加入的附加组分。
表1:抗张强度减半的处理时间(T50/h;T’50/h用于拉幅试样)稳定剂A B C T50/h T’50/h0.25% 化合物7) 无 无 1420 11300.25% 化合物7) 0.2%ZnO 0.2%硬脂酸钙 1680 1520
按照本发明稳定的纤维具有优秀的韧度。
实施例2:聚乙烯薄膜的稳定作用
将下面表2中记载的添加剂在缓慢混合器中通过母料制备同LDPE粒子(由意大利米兰ENICHEM提供的RibleneFF29,d=0.921克/厘米3;MFI(190℃/2.16千克)=0.60克/10分钟)混合。母料先已由挤出的粉末LDPE和10%重量的空间位阻的羟胺醚(成分A)和相应浓度的成分B(=含氧和/或羟基的金属化合物)和C(这里用的是羧酸盐)制成。
混合物在200℃吹制挤出,得到厚度150微米的薄膜。
用下面表中指示的方法用农药和/或酸处理某些薄膜:
*2*在进行WOM处理前,将薄膜在VAPAM的浓缩水液(体积份之比为1∶1)之上(不要直接与溶液接触)贮存20天;
*2W*将薄膜进行24小时的初步WOM处理之后,在VAPAM在水中的浓溶液(体积份之比为1∶1)之上贮存20天,不要与溶液直接接触,随后进行WOM处理。
*3*在进行WOM处理之前,将薄膜浸于0.1当量的H2SO3水溶液中24小时。
VAPAM(BASLINI SpA,Treviglio/BG,意大利)是每升含382克的通式为CH3-NH-CS-SNa的威百亩(杀线虫剂)-钠的水溶液。
经上述处理后,将薄膜试样对着白纸板在Weather-O-Metertype 65WR中处理,黑板温度为63℃。用傅里叶变换红外分光光度计测定试样中羰基浓度的增加以监测降解过程。羰基的大量增加表明高度降解。结果示于表2中(任意单位)。用量数据是根据所用的聚乙烯重量计算。稳定剂A和B相当于上述的成分A和B;稳定剂C是必要时加入的附加的成分。
表2:740小时处理后羰基浓度(iCO)的增加
处理后iCO稳定剂A B C 无 *2* *3* *2W*0.15% 化合物6) 无 无 0.460.15% 化合物6) 0.2%ZnO 0.2%Ca-s 0.120.15% 化合物7) 无 无 0.500.15% 化合物7) 0.2%ZnO 0.2%Ca-s 0.28Ca-s是硬脂酸钙
显然,加入本发明的稳定剂混合物的稳定效果比起只加入羟胺醚的效果要好得多。
实施例3:温室薄膜的稳定作用
在表3中记载的化合物通过母料制备同LDPE(低密度聚乙烯)丸粒(意大利米兰ENICHEM提供的RibleneFF29V)在一慢速混合器中混合,所用的低密度聚乙烯的特征为:密度为0.921克/厘米3,熔体流动指数(190℃/2.16千克)为0.60克/10分钟。
母料先已通过挤出粉末的LDPE和10%重量的空间位阻的羟胺醚(组分A)和相应浓度的B(=含氧和/或羟基的金属化合物)和C(此处是羧酸盐)制得。
该混合物在200℃下吹制挤出,得到厚度150微米的薄膜。
薄膜外露在Pontecchio Mar coni(意大利,Bologna)的向南的温室屋顶上。
下列的农药用于温室:
VAPAM(BASLINI SpA,Treviglio/BG,意大利)为每升382克的通式为CH3-NH-CS-SNa的威百亩-钠的水溶液。
SESMETRIN(BIMEX SpA,Isola/VI,意大利)是下列通式的苄氯菊酯的23.75%(%重量/重量)的水溶液:
每六个月用4升VAPAM在10升水中的溶液和每月用SESMETRIN(5克溶于5升水中)处理温室一次。
在处理中,用傅里叶变换红外分光光度计定时测定试样中羰基浓度的增加,以评价薄膜性能。羰基大量增加,表示高度降解。
结果示于表3中。曝露处理以千兰勒计(Klys:每单位面积的能量)计;100Klys.相当于1年的曝露。所用浓度以聚合物重量的%计。
表3:曝光后羰基浓度的(iCO)的增加
%成分 用100Klys曝光的iCO
A B* C**0.4%化合物7) 无 无 0.0600.4%化合物7) (0.2) (0.2) 0.038
*成分B是ZnO
**成分C是硬脂酸钙
实施例4:聚乙烯薄膜的稳定化
表4记载的化合物用磨碎的LDPE(低密度聚乙烯;RibleneFF29,由意大利米兰的ENICHEM提供),在汽轮混合器中混合。所用低密度聚乙烯的特征是,密度为0.921克/厘米3,熔体流动指数(190℃/2.16千克)为0.60克/10分钟。
将混合物在200℃下挤出,在170℃3分钟后得到厚度150微米的压模薄膜。
将薄膜置于30℃下的水和VAPAM(体积1∶1)的溶液的蒸汽中20天。VAPAM(BASLINI SpA,Treviglio/BG,意大利)是每升382克的具有通式CH3-NH-CS-SNa的威百亩-钠的水溶液。
随后,薄膜试样对着白纸板在Weather-O-Meter Type 65WR中曝光,黑板温度为63℃。用傅里叶转换红外分光光度计测定试样中羰基的增加以监测降解过程。羰基的大量增加表示高度降解。在500小时曝光后的结果示于下面的表4中(任意单位)。所有的浓度以聚合物的重量百分数表示。
表4:曝光500小时后羰基浓度(iCO)的增加
%成分 500小时曝光后的iCO
A B* B**0.15% 化合物.7) 无 无 0.420.15% 化合物.7) 无 (0.5) 0.150.15% 化合物.7) (0.2) (0.5) 0.070.15% 化合物.6) 无 无 0.390.15% 化合物.6) (0.2) 无 0.110.15% 化合物.6) 无 (0.5) 0.080.15% 化合物.6) (0.2) (0.5) 0.040.15% 化合物.5) 无 无 0.370.15% 化合物.5) (0.2) (0.5) 0.040.15% 化合物.3) 无 无 0.380.15% 化合物.3) (0.2) 无 0.160.15% 化合物.3) (0.2) (0.5) 0.07
B*是ZnO
B**是通式Mg4.5Al2(OH)13CO33.5H2O的水滑石
用本发明的含金属氧化物和/或氢氧化物以及任选的其它成分稳定的薄膜的优越性能是明显的。
Claims (23)
1.含有合成有机聚合物及作为抗光、氧和/或热的有害影响的稳定剂的下列A和B混合物的组合物:
A)空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯,和
B)含有至少一个连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中成分B是含周期表IIa或IIb或IIIb族金属原子的无机化合物。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中成分B是选自周期表IIa或IIb或IIIb族金属的简单和复杂的氧化物、氢氧化物以及混合的氧化物/氢氧化物,和沸石和水滑石。
4.权利要求1的组合物,其中成分B是周期表的IIa、IIb或IIIb族金属的水滑石和简单氧化物或氢氧化物的混合物。
5.权利要求3的组合物,其中成分B是选自氧化锌、氢氧化锌、原或偏氢氧化铝、α-和γ-Al2O3、MgO、Mg(OH)2和通式Al2O3·6MgO·CO2·12H2O;Mg4.5Al2(OH)13·CO3·3.5H2O;4MgO·Al2O3·CO2·9H2O;4MgO·Al2O3·CO2·6H2O;ZnO·3MgO·Al2O3·CO2·8-9H2O;ZnO·3MgO·Al2O3·CO2·56H2O;Mg4.5Al2(OH)13·CO3的水滑石。
6.权利要求1的组合物,其中合成有机聚合物是聚烯烃或烯烃
共聚物。
7.权利要求1的组合物,其中成分A是含至少一种通式III或IIIa基团的环状的空间位阻的胺的衍生物,
式中,G是氢或甲基,G1和G2是氢、甲基或一起为=O。
9.权利要求7的组合物,其中成分A是空间位阻的羟胺的醚。
10.权利要求8的组合物,其中G11是C1-C18烷基、C5-C8环烷基或C7-C9苯基烷基。
12.权利要求1的组合物,其中含有相对于合成有机聚合物重量的0.01-5%重量的成分A和0.005-6%重量的成分B。
13.权利要求4的组合物,其中含相对于合成有机聚合物重量的0.005-3%重量的周期表IIa、IIb或IIIb族的金属的简单的金属氧化物或氢氧化物外,还含0.005-3%重量的水滑石。
14.权利要求1的组合物,其中除含有成分A和B外,还含有一种或多种选自下列的其它成分:其它稳定剂、填料、增强剂、颜料、染料、增塑剂、溶剂、润滑剂、流动控制剂、荧光增白剂、成核剂、抗静电剂或阻燃剂。
15.权利要求14的组合物,其中除含有成分A和B外,还含有一种或多种选自下列的其它成分:羧酸的碱土金属盐、锌盐和铝盐和紫外线吸收剂。
16.权利要求15的组合物,其中含有相对于合成有机聚合物重量的0.05-2%重量的羧酸金属盐。
17.稳定合成有机聚合物耐光、氧和/或热的有害影响的方法,此方法包括在聚合物中加入空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯和含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。
18.利用空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯并混有含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物,用以稳定合成有机聚合物耐光、氧和/或热的有害影响。
19.以同农药接触的薄膜形式的权利要求6所述的聚烯烃或烯
烃共聚物组合物。
20.权利要求19的组合物,其中农药含有卤素和/或硫原子。
21.稳定聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜耐光、氧、热和/或农药的有害影响的方法,此方法包括在此聚合物薄膜中加入空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯以及含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物。
22.将通过加入空间位阻的羟胺或其醚或酯和含连接到金属原子的氧和/或羟基的化合物而稳定的抗光、氧、热和/或农药的有害影响的聚烯烃或烯烃共聚物薄膜用于涉及农药的农业用途的应用。
23.权利要求19的组合物,它是一种温室薄膜。
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ITMI950834A IT1273607B (it) | 1995-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | Combinazione di stabilizzanti per polimeri sintetici organici |
IT000834A/95 | 1995-04-26 | ||
IT000834A/1995 | 1995-04-26 |
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-
1997
- 1997-09-29 US US08/939,219 patent/US5948836A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1998
- 1998-12-18 HK HK98114016A patent/HK1012655A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109134928A (zh) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-04 | 天集化工助剂(沧州)有限公司 | N-取代的三嗪受阻胺光稳定剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU713801B2 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
ES2126484A1 (es) | 1999-03-16 |
GB9607893D0 (en) | 1996-06-19 |
JP3937189B2 (ja) | 2007-06-27 |
ITMI950834A0 (it) | 1995-04-26 |
CA2174924A1 (en) | 1996-10-27 |
BE1010551A3 (fr) | 1998-10-06 |
CA2174924C (en) | 2008-03-11 |
AU5080696A (en) | 1996-11-07 |
NL1002950A1 (nl) | 1996-10-29 |
KR960037750A (ko) | 1996-11-19 |
BR9602043A (pt) | 1998-10-06 |
GB2300192A (en) | 1996-10-30 |
ITMI950834A1 (it) | 1996-10-26 |
US5948836A (en) | 1999-09-07 |
DK45296A (da) | 1996-10-27 |
PT101867A (pt) | 1997-02-28 |
FR2733502B1 (fr) | 1999-04-02 |
PT101867B (pt) | 1998-12-31 |
HK1012655A1 (en) | 1999-08-06 |
DE19616185B4 (de) | 2009-04-16 |
NL1002950C2 (nl) | 1998-05-27 |
AR002989A1 (es) | 1998-05-27 |
IT1273607B (it) | 1997-07-08 |
KR100381065B1 (ko) | 2003-07-18 |
DE19616185A1 (de) | 1996-10-31 |
IL118027A0 (en) | 1996-08-04 |
CN1074014C (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
JPH08302063A (ja) | 1996-11-19 |
ZA963304B (en) | 1996-10-25 |
FR2733502A1 (fr) | 1996-10-31 |
ES2126484B1 (es) | 1999-11-16 |
GB2300192B (en) | 1999-10-06 |
NZ286440A (en) | 1996-12-20 |
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