CN113219283A - System and method for testing power generation performance of micro thermoelectric device - Google Patents
System and method for testing power generation performance of micro thermoelectric device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for testing the power generation performance of a miniature thermoelectric device, wherein the system comprises: a vacuum chamber; the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity; the temperature control platform is arranged in the vacuum cavity and comprises a hot end platform and a cold end platform which are respectively used for controlling the temperature of the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the micro thermoelectric device, and the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform is adjustable; the temperature control platform control end is used for controlling the adjusting parameters of the temperature control platform; the circulating water system is used for carrying out heat exchange and accurate temperature control on the hot end platform and the cold end platform; the multifunctional data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring the output voltage and current of the micro thermoelectric device and the temperatures of the upper substrate and the lower substrate in a multi-channel manner; the electronic load is used for regulating the external resistance value of the micro thermoelectric device in a programming way; and the display is used for displaying various parameters output by the micro thermoelectric device in real time. The invention is used for solving the problem that the traditional test method is difficult to meet the power generation performance test requirement of the micro thermoelectric device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of performance detection of miniature thermoelectric devices, in particular to a system and a method for testing the power generation performance of a miniature thermoelectric device.
Background
The thermoelectric conversion technology comprises a thermoelectric refrigeration technology and a thermoelectric power generation technology, wherein the thermoelectric refrigeration technology converts electric energy into heat energy by utilizing the Peltier effect of materials to realize semiconductor refrigeration or heating, and is mainly applied to the refrigeration field with special requirements corresponding to noise, space and the like, such as temperature control of a laser diode in optical devices such as a red wine cabinet, a semiconductor refrigerator, an optical module and the like, heat dissipation of a computing chip and the like; the solar energy-heat power generation system converts heat energy into electric energy by utilizing the seebeck effect of materials, is used as an all-solid-state novel energy conversion technology, and is mainly applied to the fields of wearable electronic equipment, internet-of-things node power supplies, remote independent power supply systems, automobile exhaust waste heat recovery, industrial kiln waste heat recovery, solar photoelectric and thermal combined power generation systems and the like. Compared with the traditional refrigeration and secondary battery, the thermoelectric device has the advantages of long service life, no need of maintenance, adaptation to severe environment and the like. With the development of 5G mobile communication technology, the laser size of an optical communication module is continuously reduced, the luminous power is higher and higher, and a micro thermoelectric device is used for solving the problem of dispersion in a tiny areaThe only solution of the thermal difficulties is widely concerned and developed by researchers and related enterprises at home and abroad. The micro thermoelectric device is widely applied to the fields of 5G optical communication, biomedical treatment, aerospace and aviation, wearable equipment, node power supplies of the Internet of things and the like. With the trend of miniaturization and flexibility of thermoelectric devices, the size of the miniature thermoelectric refrigeration device can reach 2.6 x 1.5 x 0.796mm3And wherein the thermoelectric material particles of the basic constituent unit of the thermoelectric refrigerating device have a cross-sectional area of 0.1X 0.1mm2And high requirements are put forward on material preparation, device assembly and performance characterization.
The size of the conventional commercial thermoelectric devices is usually 10 × 4.5mm3To 50 x 3.6mm3The output power is easy to measure the current and voltage of the resistance load, and the macroscopic heat sink is adopted on the hot surface for heat dissipation, so that the output volt-ampere curve of the device is effectively obtained, and the power of the device is calculated to obtain the power generation performance of the device. However, the existing testing equipment has the following three problems in the process of testing the micro thermoelectric device: 1) the requirements of testing and mounting of the micro device are difficult to meet, and the micro device is usually in the millimeter level, so that the problems of inaccurate positioning, uneven and insufficient contact between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the micro device and a platform and the like exist in the testing process; 2) the existing testing method has rough establishment of the temperature difference at the two ends of the micro thermoelectric device, and the temperature difference at the two ends of the cold and hot surfaces of the device is difficult to accurately control; 3) the traditional test platform has poor precision, the temperature control fluctuation of the upper surface and the lower surface is large, the precision can not meet the requirement, the embodiment in the test process of the miniature thermoelectric device is more obvious, and the accuracy of the performance representation of the miniature thermoelectric device is obviously influenced. The traditional test platform is usually in direct contact with air, the convective heat loss and the radiative heat loss are large in the test process of the thermoelectric power generation device, the temperature control of the upper platform and the lower platform is inaccurate, and the like, so that the traditional test equipment is difficult to characterize the thermoelectric device with a small size.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic power generation performance test system and a test method of a micro thermoelectric device aiming at the problem that the traditional test method is difficult to meet the test requirement of the micro thermoelectric power generation device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a micro thermoelectric device power generation performance test system comprises:
a vacuum chamber;
the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity;
the temperature control platform is arranged in the vacuum cavity and comprises a hot end platform and a cold end platform which are respectively used for controlling the temperature of the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the micro thermoelectric device, and the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform is adjustable;
the temperature control platform control end is used for controlling the adjusting parameters of the temperature control platform;
the circulating water system is used for performing heat exchange and accurate temperature control on the hot end platform and the cold end platform;
the multifunctional data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring the output voltage and current of the micro thermoelectric device and the temperatures of the upper substrate and the lower substrate in a multi-channel manner;
the electronic load is connected with the multifunctional data acquisition instrument and is used for regulating the external resistance value of the micro thermoelectric device in a programming way;
and the display is connected with the multifunctional data acquisition instrument and is used for displaying all parameters output by the micro thermoelectric device in real time.
Furthermore, the hot end platform and the cold end platform are fixed on a slide bar, and the position of the hot end platform and/or the position of the cold end platform on the slide bar are adjusted through a lifting pressurizing knob so as to adjust the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform.
The multifunctional data acquisition instrument further comprises a wire plugging row which is arranged in the vacuum cavity and is used for being connected with positive and negative leads of the miniature thermoelectric device, two channels of the wire plugging row are connected with a direct current voltage channel and a direct current channel of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, and the direct current channel is connected with the electronic load in series.
Furthermore, the temperature of the upper substrate and the temperature of the lower substrate of the miniature thermoelectric device are collected by two thermocouples, and the two thermocouples are connected with two thermocouple channels of the multifunctional data collector.
Furthermore, the upper surface and the lower surface of the micro thermoelectric device are respectively covered with a heat conducting piece, and the thermocouple is arranged in the heat conducting piece.
Furthermore, the heat conducting piece is provided with a hole, the thermocouple is coated with heat conducting silicone grease and then is arranged in the hole, and the heat conducting piece is connected with the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the micro thermoelectric device through heat conducting silicone grease/welding.
Furthermore, thermoelectric devices and inner couples for heating and cooling are arranged in the hot end platform and the cold end platform;
the temperature control platform control end is provided with a parameter adjusting key aiming at the hot end platform and the cold end platform and a display screen for displaying the temperatures of the hot end platform and the cold end platform in real time.
Further, the vacuum chamber has 4 pipelines, including:
a first pipeline connected with the vacuum pump;
the second pipeline is communicated with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet of the circulating water system for controlling the temperature of the hot end platform;
the third pipeline is communicated with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet for controlling the temperature of the cold end platform by the circulating water system;
and the fourth pipeline is used for connecting cables between the temperature control platform and the control end of the temperature control platform and the multifunctional data acquisition instrument to pass through.
A method for testing the power generation performance of a micro thermoelectric device is realized by adopting the system for testing the power generation performance of the micro thermoelectric device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing the micro thermoelectric device to be tested into a test assembly;
s2, placing the testing assembly between a hot end platform and a cold end platform of a temperature control platform, adjusting the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform, enabling an upper substrate and a lower substrate of the testing assembly to be in close contact with the hot end platform and the cold end platform, and connecting positive and negative electrode leads of the micro thermoelectric device with positive and negative electrodes of a multifunctional data acquisition instrument;
s3, vacuumizing the vacuum cavity by using a vacuum pump, and starting a circulating water system, a temperature control platform control end, a multifunctional data acquisition instrument, an electronic load and a display;
s4, opening a data acquisition program of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, setting voltage test, current test and thermocouple channels, and setting the temperatures of a hot end platform and a cold end platform of a temperature control platform at a control end of the temperature control platform to enable the micro thermoelectric device to reach the temperature difference of an upper substrate and a lower substrate which need to be simulated and tested;
s5, after the temperature is stable, starting the multifunctional data acquisition instrument to scan, starting the program of the electronic load, setting different external loads according to requirements, acquiring the output voltage and current of the miniature thermoelectric device by the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, stopping acquisition after the program of the electronic load is operated, and exporting data and analyzing to obtain the power generation performance of the miniature thermoelectric device.
Further, in step S4, the temperature of the upper substrate in contact with the hot end stage is controlled to be constant, and the temperature of the lower substrate in contact with the cold end stage is adjusted to achieve the temperature difference between the upper and lower substrates under different simulation test conditions. .
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention starts from the problem of difficult representation of the micro thermoelectric device, and solves the problems that the traditional thermoelectric power generation device can not simulate the temperature difference at the two actual ends of the device, the convection heat loss and the radiation heat loss are large, the testing precision is low and the like through the vacuum cavity, the temperature control platform and the testing circuit, and can complete the multifunctional and diversified testing of the device according to different testing requirements.
2. The invention adopts a test characterization method, the test process is program automatic recording, the efficiency and the systematicness are higher than those of the traditional characterization method, the control precision of the upper temperature and the lower temperature of the thermoelectric device can be within +/-0.01 ℃, the contact thermal resistance is effectively reduced, and the output performance of the device is accurately characterized.
3. The invention adopts a vacuum test process, can avoid the convective heat loss and the radiant heat loss in the traditional test process of the device, and reduces the influence of the test environment on the representation of the actual performance of the device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are an embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts according to the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation performance testing system for a micro thermoelectric device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the vacuum chamber and internal apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the vacuum chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a test circuit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a micro-thermoelectric device structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sample of the test assembly;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a test assembly sample placed on a temperature controlled stage;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a temperature-controlled stage;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the test results of example 1;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the test results of example 2;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the test results of example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
The core idea of the invention is that starting from the construction of a power generation performance test platform of a micro thermoelectric device, a temperature control platform is adopted to combine a vacuum cavity, a multifunctional data acquisition instrument and an external electronic load, and the difficult problem that the micro thermoelectric device is difficult to be accurately tested by a traditional thermoelectric device characterization method is solved through miniaturization, adiabatic and automatic test means, and the problems of large contact thermal resistance, complex test process, low test precision and the like of the traditional test instrument and method are solved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a system for testing power generation performance of a micro thermoelectric device, including: the system comprises a vacuum cavity 1, a vacuum pump 8, a temperature control platform 3, a temperature control platform control end 4, a circulating water system 6, a multifunctional data acquisition instrument 9, an electronic load 7 and a display (not shown); the vacuum cavity 1 is used for providing a vacuum environment for testing the micro thermoelectric device; the vacuum pump 8 is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity 1; the temperature control platform 3 is used for providing temperature difference between an upper substrate and a lower substrate required by the test of the micro thermoelectric device, is arranged in the vacuum cavity 1, and comprises a hot end platform 31 and a cold end platform 32 which are respectively used for controlling the temperature of the upper substrate and the temperature of the lower substrate of the micro thermoelectric device, and the distance between the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32 is adjustable; the temperature control platform control end 4 is used for controlling adjustment parameters (such as temperature, power and other parameters) of the temperature control platform 3; the circulating water system 6 is connected with the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32 and is used for performing heat exchange and accurate temperature control on the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32; the multifunctional data acquisition instrument 9 is used for acquiring the output voltage and current of the micro thermoelectric device and the temperature of the upper substrate and the lower substrate in a multi-channel manner; the electronic load 7 is connected with the multifunctional data acquisition instrument 9 and is used for adjusting the external resistance value of the micro thermoelectric device in a programming way; and the display (such as a notebook computer) is connected with the multifunctional data acquisition instrument 9 and is used for displaying various parameters output by the micro thermoelectric device in real time.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32 are fixed on a slide rod 21, and the position of the hot end platform 31 and/or the cold end platform 32 on the slide rod 21 is adjusted by a lifting and pressurizing knob 2 to adjust the distance between the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 322. In this embodiment, the cold end platform 32 is located below (also referred to as a lower platform), the hot end platform 31 is located above (also referred to as an upper platform), and after the micro thermoelectric device to be tested is placed on the cold end platform 31, the distance between the upper platform and the lower platform is adjusted by lifting the pressurizing knob 2, and the micro thermoelectric device is pressurized to enable the device to be in close contact with the upper platform and the lower platform, so that sample placement in a testing process can be simplified, and the pressurizing operation can be performed in the testing process.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the system further includes a plug row 5 disposed in the vacuum cavity 1 and configured to be connected to positive and negative leads of the micro thermoelectric device, two channels of the plug row 5 are connected to a dc voltage channel and a dc current channel of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument 9, and the dc current channel is connected in series to the electronic load 7. The temperature of the upper and lower substrates of the micro thermoelectric device is collected by two thermocouples (for example, K-type thermocouples), and the two thermocouples are connected to two thermocouple channels of the multifunctional data collector 9. In other embodiments, the device access circuit may also be an external hub or soldered directly into a test circuit, as shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the vacuum chamber 1 has 4 pipelines 11, which are respectively: a first line connected to the vacuum pump 8; a second pipeline communicated with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet of the circulating water system 6 for controlling the temperature of the hot end platform 31; a third pipeline communicated with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet for controlling the temperature of the cold end platform 32 by the circulating water system 6; and a fourth pipeline for connecting cables to pass through between the temperature control platform 3 and the temperature control platform control end 4 and the multifunctional data acquisition instrument 9. As shown in fig. 1-3, the left pipeline 11, i.e. the first pipeline, is a gas channel for charging and discharging gas from the vacuum chamber 1, and is connected to the vacuum pump 8 through a gas valve; the front side pipeline 11 and the right side pipeline 11, namely a second pipeline and a third pipeline, are respectively communicated with circulating water inlets and outlets of the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32; the rear pipeline 11 is a circuit channel, i.e. a fourth pipeline, and is used for connecting cables inside and outside the vacuum cavity 1 to pass through.
Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the upper and lower surfaces of the micro thermoelectric device are covered with a heat conduction member 10, respectively, and the thermocouple is disposed in the heat conduction member 10. The heat conducting member 10 may be a copper block, or other metal or non-metal material capable of conducting heat. The heat accumulated by the heat-conducting member 10 in combination with the thermocouple can accurately control the temperature required for the upper and lower substrates during the actual test of the device. The heat conducting piece 10 is provided with a hole, the thermocouple is coated with heat conducting silicone grease and then is arranged in the hole, and the heat conducting piece 10 is connected with the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the micro thermoelectric device through heat conducting silicone grease/welding. Preferably, the size of the heat conducting member 10 is slightly larger than the size of the upper and lower substrates of the device, so that the heat conducting member 10 can completely cover the effective area of the device, and the thickness of the heat conducting member 10 is preferably 1-2 mm. For example, a strip copper block (i.e., a heat conducting element 10) with the same size and a smooth surface is connected (or welded) on the upper and lower substrates of the device by using heat conducting silicone grease, a round hole with the diameter of 1.5mm is drilled in the center of the copper block by means of a wire cutting technology, the surface of a thermocouple is coated with the heat conducting silicone grease, the copper block is placed in the center (completely filled with the heat conducting silicone grease), the temperature of the copper block is controlled by using a temperature control platform, and the power generation performance is represented after the temperature is stabilized. FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a test assembly sample placed on a temperature controlled stage.
Further, the temperature control platform 3 is preferably a high-precision TEC temperature control platform, and thermoelectric devices (preferably stacked thermoelectric devices) and internal couples for heating and cooling are arranged in the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32; the temperature control platform control end 4 is provided with a parameter adjusting key for the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32 and a display screen for displaying the temperatures of the hot end platform 31 and the cold end platform 32 in real time, and the maximum temperature adjustable range is, for example, minus 40 ℃ to 120 ℃. The structure of the temperature control platform is shown in fig. 8.
In this embodiment, a power generation test system of a micro thermoelectric device is constructed by using a TEC temperature control platform with a precision of ± 0.01K as upper and lower surface temperature control devices of the device, 34972A as a multifunctional data acquisition instrument, and IT9000 as an external programmable electronic load. The model of the temperature control platform, the multifunctional data acquisition instrument and the electronic load is not an essential condition, and other temperature control platforms or test instruments meeting the test precision can also meet the construction requirement of the system. During testing, the temperature control ranges of the upper end and the lower end of the device are determined by the selected platform temperature control range, if the temperature control range of the TEC temperature control platform is-40-120 ℃, in the construction of the system, the larger the platform temperature control range is, the higher the precision is, and the stronger the universality is.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for testing the power generation performance of the micro thermoelectric device, which is realized by adopting the system for testing the power generation performance of the micro thermoelectric device, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and S1, manufacturing the micro thermoelectric device to be tested into a test assembly. Specifically, a heat conducting member with a suitable size can be selected according to the size and thickness of the micro thermoelectric device to be tested, a hole is formed in the heat conducting member, heat conducting silicone grease is coated on the surface of the thermocouple and is placed in the hole, the hole is completely filled with the heat conducting silicone grease, the heat conducting member is connected (or welded) with the upper substrate surface and the lower substrate surface of the device through the heat conducting silicone grease, and thus the testing assembly shown in fig. 6 is manufactured.
S2, placing the testing assembly between the hot end platform and the cold end platform of the temperature control platform, adjusting the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform, enabling the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the testing assembly to be in close contact with the hot end platform and the cold end platform, and connecting the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead of the micro thermoelectric device with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument. Specifically, heat conduction silicone grease is also filled between the heat conduction piece and the hot end platform and between the heat conduction piece and the cold end platform, the upper and lower substrates of the test assembly are in close contact with the hot end platform and the cold end platform by adjusting the lifting pressurization knob, and air holes in silicone grease connecting the device and the platform are properly pressurized and removed. And the positive and negative electrode leads of the device respectively correspond to the positive and negative electrodes of the test circuit of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument.
And S3, vacuumizing the vacuum cavity by using a vacuum pump, and starting the circulating water system, the temperature control platform control end, the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, the electronic load and the display.
And S4, opening a data acquisition program of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, setting voltage test, current test and thermocouple channels, and setting the temperatures of a hot end platform and a cold end platform of the temperature control platform at the control end of the temperature control platform to enable the micro thermoelectric device to reach the temperature difference of the upper substrate and the lower substrate required to be subjected to simulation test. Specifically, the temperature of the upper substrate in contact with the hot end platform can be controlled to be constant, and the temperature of the lower substrate in contact with the cold end platform is adjusted to achieve the temperature difference between the upper substrate and the lower substrate under different simulation test conditions.
S5, after the temperature is stable, starting the multifunctional data acquisition instrument to scan, starting the program of the electronic load, setting different external loads according to requirements, acquiring the output voltage and current of the miniature thermoelectric device by the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, stopping acquisition after the program of the electronic load is operated, and exporting data and analyzing to obtain the power generation performance of the miniature thermoelectric device. Specifically, an external electronic load program is utilized to automatically adjust the resistance value of an external load, the output currents I1, I2, I3 …, the output voltages U1, U2 and U3 … are sequentially measured and obtained, a current-voltage curve is drawn, so that the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the device for power generation are obtained, the maximum power of the device is calculated, and the power generation performance of the micro thermoelectric device is obtained.
The vacuum test system and the representation method of the micro thermoelectric power generation device can realize the technical scheme of the representation of the micro thermoelectric device. The method for characterizing a micro thermoelectric power generation device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned devices, and any device or devices that can implement the solution recited in the claims of the present invention can be used in the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The method of characterizing the present invention is described below with reference to specific examples.
In the following examples 1 and 2, the power generation performance of the device was tested by measuring the temperature difference required for wearing the 2mm 16mm micro thermoelectric power generation device on a human body.
Example 1
2mm 16mm rigid Al2O3The characterization method of the substrate thermoelectric miniature power generation device has the following testing processes that the device Rac is 2.63 omega, the maximum refrigeration temperature difference is 59.5 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
1) and (6) preparing a test. According to the size of the device, two copper blocks with the same size, smooth surfaces and 4mm x 20mm x 2mm in size are processed by using a wire cutting technology, holes are drilled in the centers of the strips, the upper and lower surfaces of the device are connected (or welded) by using heat-conducting silicone grease, the surface of a thermocouple is coated with the heat-conducting silicone grease, and the copper blocks are placed in the centers (the heat-conducting silicone grease is completely filled).
2) The system is switched on, pressurized and vacuumized. And adjusting the lifting pressurizing knob until the upper surface and the lower surface of the device and the upper surface and the lower surface of the copper block are in close contact with the upper platform and the lower platform, connecting the positive and negative leads of the miniature power generation device to the plug wire row, covering the vacuum cavity door, opening the vacuum pump, and vacuumizing to below-0.1 Pa or lower, so that the test can be started.
3) Opening multifunctional Data acquisition instrument and electronic load, opening the corresponding program Keysight Data Logger of multifunctional Data acquisition instrument, clicking the configuration passageway, setting up multifunctional Data acquisition instrument 107 passageway and being DC voltage, 121 passageway is DC current, 102, 103 passageway are K type thermocouple temperature measurement. In addition, the configuration channel used by the test can be saved and the test process can be directly called next time. And clicking to select scanning and record data, clicking to set scanning interval time to be 5s, clicking to start scanning, clicking a quick chart and checking data of corresponding columns of all channels so as to monitor the temperature difference and output parameters of the device in real time. The TEC temperature control platform knob is turned on, the ENABLE button is pressed to start heating, the average temperature of the wrist of an adult is selected to be 33 ℃ according to the wearing environment characteristic that the device to be tested is applied to the human wearable device, the cold end temperature is set to be 32 ℃, 30 ℃ and 23 ℃ respectively according to the environment temperature in the actual use process, and the temperature difference of the upper end and the lower end of the corresponding device is set to be 1K, 3K and 10K. Clicking a SELECT to SELECT an ONE platform (namely a hot end platform), adjusting an up-down button to set the temperature to be 33 ℃, selecting a TWO platform (namely a hot end platform) to set the temperature to be 32 ℃, clicking ENTER input parameters, observing 102 and 103 channels to display the temperature after the temperature is stable, adjusting the ONE and the TWO temperatures up and down according to the measured temperature until the temperatures of the upper surface and the lower surface of a thermocouple display device are 33 ℃ and 32 ℃, and carrying out next test.
4) Opening an electronic load program, respectively setting the resistance values to gradually change from 100 omega to 0.2 omega, gradually reducing the change rate of the resistance values, such as 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 15, 10, 8, 6, 4, 3, 2.8, 2.6, 2.4, 2.2, 2.0, 1.8, 1.4, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.2 ohm, setting the delay to be 1s, clicking to run, switching to Keysight Data Logger, observing the output performance of the device in real time, stopping scanning and exporting Data after the electronic load program is run, and obtaining the power generation performance of the 2mm 16mm micro thermoelectric device after processing. The electronic load program set in the test process can be stored, the next test process can be called directly, the whole process is automatic and efficient, and the power generation performance test of the device can be completed simply and quickly. The test results are shown in fig. 9.
Example 2
Characterization of a 2mm x 16mm thermoelectric miniature power device of a flexible PI film substrate, wherein the flexible thermoelectric device Rac of the flexible PI film substrate is 2.46 Ω, the test procedure is as follows:
1) and (6) preparing a test. According to the size of the device, two copper blocks with the same size, smooth surfaces and 4mm x 20mm x 2mm in size are processed by using a wire cutting technology, and holes are drilled in the center of the strips. The upper surface and the lower surface of the device are connected (or welded) by a strip-shaped copper block by using heat-conducting silicone grease, the surface of the thermocouple is coated with the heat-conducting silicone grease, and the thermocouple is placed in the center of the copper block (the heat-conducting silicone grease is completely filled).
2) The system is switched on, pressurized and vacuumized. And adjusting the lifting pressurizing knob until the upper surface and the lower surface of the device and the upper surface and the lower surface of the copper block are in close contact with the upper platform and the lower platform, connecting the positive and negative leads of the miniature power generation device to the plug wire row, covering the vacuum cavity door, opening the vacuum pump, and vacuumizing to below-0.1 Pa to start testing.
3) Opening multifunctional Data acquisition instrument and electronic load, opening the corresponding program Keysight Data Logger of multifunctional Data acquisition instrument, clicking the configuration passageway, setting up multifunctional Data acquisition instrument 107 passageway and being DC voltage, 121 passageway is DC current, 102, 103 passageway are K type thermocouple temperature measurement. In addition, the configuration channel used by the test can be saved and the test process can be directly called next time. And clicking to select scanning and record data, clicking to set scanning interval time to be 5s, clicking to start scanning, clicking a quick chart and checking data of corresponding columns of all channels so as to monitor the temperature difference and output parameters of the device in real time. And opening a knob of the TEC temperature control platform, pressing an ENABLE button to start heating, controlling the temperature of the hot end of the device to be 33 ℃, testing the power generation performance of the device under five different temperature differences of 1 ℃, 3 ℃, 5 ℃, 10 ℃ and 20 ℃, respectively adjusting the temperature control platform until the temperature is stable, and then carrying out the next test.
4) Opening an electronic load program, clicking configuration, selecting connecting equipment, firstly clicking on a line, then clicking a right window for testing, setting a mode to be CR, respectively setting resistance values to be gradually changed from 100 omega to 0.2 omega, gradually reducing the change rates of the resistance values, such as 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 15, 10, 8, 6, 4, 3, 2.8, 2.6, 2.4, 2.2, 2.0, 1.8, 1.4, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.2 ohm, setting delay to be 1s, clicking operation, switching to Keysight Data Logger, observing the output performance of the device in real time, stopping scanning and deriving Data after the operation of the electronic load program is finished, and obtaining the power generation performance of the 2mm 16mm micro thermoelectric device after processing. The current-voltage curve and the device output power are shown in fig. 10.
Example 3
The size is 8 multiplied by 8.5mm2The power generation performance of the flexible thermoelectric device is tested, the Rac of the device is 6.8 omega, the maximum refrigeration temperature difference is 51 ℃, and the test process is carried outThe following were used:
1) and (6) preparing a test. According to the size of the device, two copper blocks with the same size, smooth surfaces and the size of 10mm x 2mm are processed by using a wire cutting technology, and holes are drilled in the center of the copper blocks. The upper surface and the lower surface of the device are connected (or welded) by heat-conducting silicone grease, a round hole with the diameter of 1.5mm is drilled in the center of the copper block by means of a wire cutting technology, the surface of the thermocouple is coated with the heat-conducting silicone grease, and the thermocouple is placed in the center of the copper block (the heat-conducting silicone grease is completely filled).
2) The system is switched on, pressurized and vacuumized. And adjusting the lifting pressurizing knob until the upper surface and the lower surface of the device and the upper surface and the lower surface of the copper block are in close contact with the upper platform and the lower platform, connecting the positive and negative leads of the miniature power generation device to the plug wire row, covering the vacuum cavity door, opening the vacuum pump, and vacuumizing to below-0.1 Pa to start testing.
3) Opening multifunctional Data acquisition instrument and electronic load, opening the corresponding program Keysight Data Logger of multifunctional Data acquisition instrument, clicking the configuration passageway, setting up multifunctional Data acquisition instrument 107 passageway and being DC voltage, 121 passageway is DC current, 102, 103 passageway are K type thermocouple temperature measurement. In addition, the configuration channel used by the test can be saved and the test process can be directly called next time. And clicking to select scanning and record data, clicking to set scanning interval time to be 5s, clicking to start scanning, clicking a quick chart and checking data of corresponding columns of all channels so as to monitor the temperature difference and output parameters of the device in real time. And opening a knob of the TEC temperature control platform, pressing an ENABLE button to start heating, selecting the average temperature of a human body to be 33 ℃ as the temperature of the hot end, respectively setting the temperature of the cold end to be 30 ℃ and 23 ℃ according to the temperature of the environment in the actual use process, and setting the temperature difference of the upper end and the lower end of the corresponding device to be 3K and 10K. Clicking a SELECT to SELECT an ONE platform, adjusting an up-down button to set the temperature to be 33 ℃, selecting a TWO to set the temperature to be 30 ℃, clicking ENTER to input parameters, observing the temperature displayed by the channels of the scanners 102 and 103 after the temperature is stable, adjusting the temperatures of the ONE and the TWO up and down according to the actually measured temperature until the temperatures of the upper surface and the lower surface of the thermocouple display device are 33 ℃ and 30 ℃, and carrying out next test.
4) Opening an electronic load program, clicking configuration, selecting connecting equipment, firstly clicking on a line, then clicking a right window for testing, setting a mode to be CR, respectively setting resistance values to be gradually changed from 100 omega to 0.2 omega, gradually reducing the change rates of the resistance values, such as 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 15, 10, 8, 6, 4, 3, 2.8, 2.6, 2.4, 2.2, 2.0, 1.8, 1.4, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.2 ohm, setting delay to be 1s, clicking operation, switching to Keysight Data Logger, observing the output performance of the device in real time, stopping scanning and deriving Data after the operation of the electronic load program is finished, and obtaining the power generation performance of the 8mm micro flexible thermoelectric device after processing. The electronic load program set in the test process can be stored, the next test process can be called directly, the whole process is automatic and efficient, and the power generation performance test of the device can be completed simply and quickly. The test results are shown in fig. 11.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A micro thermoelectric device power generation performance test system is characterized by comprising:
a vacuum chamber;
the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity;
the temperature control platform is arranged in the vacuum cavity and comprises a hot end platform and a cold end platform which are respectively used for controlling the temperature of the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the micro thermoelectric device, and the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform is adjustable;
the temperature control platform control end is used for controlling the adjusting parameters of the temperature control platform;
the circulating water system is used for performing heat exchange and accurate temperature control on the hot end platform and the cold end platform;
the multifunctional data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring the output voltage and current of the micro thermoelectric device and the temperatures of the upper substrate and the lower substrate in a multi-channel manner;
the electronic load is connected with the multifunctional data acquisition instrument and is used for regulating the external resistance value of the micro thermoelectric device in a programming way;
and the display is connected with the multifunctional data acquisition instrument and is used for displaying all parameters output by the micro thermoelectric device in real time.
2. The thermoelectric device power generation performance testing system of claim 1, wherein the hot end platform and the cold end platform are fixed on a slide bar, and the position of the hot end platform and/or the cold end platform on the slide bar is adjusted by a lifting pressurizing knob to adjust the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform.
3. The system for testing the power generation performance of the micro thermoelectric device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plug row disposed in the vacuum chamber for connecting with the positive and negative leads of the micro thermoelectric device, wherein two channels of the plug row are connected with the dc voltage channel and the dc current channel of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, and the dc current channel is connected in series with the electronic load.
4. The power generation performance test system of a micro thermoelectric device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperatures of the upper and lower substrates of the micro thermoelectric device are collected by two thermocouples, and the two thermocouples are connected to two thermocouple channels of the multifunctional data collector.
5. The system for testing power generation performance of a micro thermoelectric device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the micro thermoelectric device has upper and lower surfaces covered with a heat conductive member, respectively, and the thermocouple is disposed in the heat conductive member.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the thermal conductive member has a hole, the thermocouple is coated with a thermal grease and placed in the hole, and the thermal conductive member is connected to the upper and lower substrates of the micro-thermoelectric device by thermal grease/soldering.
7. The micro thermoelectric device power generation performance test system according to claim 1, wherein thermoelectric devices for heating and cooling and an internal couple are arranged in the hot end platform and the cold end platform;
the temperature control platform control end is provided with a parameter adjusting key aiming at the hot end platform and the cold end platform and a display screen for displaying the temperatures of the hot end platform and the cold end platform in real time.
8. The micro thermoelectric device power generation performance test system of claim 1, wherein the vacuum chamber has 4 pipes, comprising:
a first pipeline connected with the vacuum pump;
the second pipeline is communicated with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet of the circulating water system for controlling the temperature of the hot end platform;
the third pipeline is communicated with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet for controlling the temperature of the cold end platform by the circulating water system;
and the fourth pipeline is used for connecting cables between the temperature control platform and the control end of the temperature control platform and the multifunctional data acquisition instrument to pass through.
9. A method for testing the power generation performance of a micro thermoelectric device is characterized by being realized by the system for testing the power generation performance of the micro thermoelectric device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprising the following steps:
s1, manufacturing the micro thermoelectric device to be tested into a test assembly;
s2, placing the testing assembly between a hot end platform and a cold end platform of a temperature control platform, adjusting the distance between the hot end platform and the cold end platform, enabling an upper substrate and a lower substrate of the testing assembly to be in close contact with the hot end platform and the cold end platform, and connecting positive and negative electrode leads of the micro thermoelectric device with positive and negative electrodes of a multifunctional data acquisition instrument;
s3, vacuumizing the vacuum cavity by using a vacuum pump, and starting a circulating water system, a temperature control platform control end, a multifunctional data acquisition instrument, an electronic load and a display;
s4, opening a data acquisition program of the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, setting voltage test, current test and thermocouple channels, and setting the temperatures of a hot end platform and a cold end platform of a temperature control platform at a control end of the temperature control platform to enable the micro thermoelectric device to reach the temperature difference of an upper substrate and a lower substrate which need to be simulated and tested;
s5, after the temperature is stable, starting the multifunctional data acquisition instrument to scan, starting the program of the electronic load, setting different external loads according to requirements, acquiring the output voltage and current of the miniature thermoelectric device by the multifunctional data acquisition instrument, stopping acquisition after the program of the electronic load is operated, and exporting data and analyzing to obtain the power generation performance of the miniature thermoelectric device.
10. The method for testing power generation performance of a micro thermoelectric device as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step S4, the temperature of the upper substrate contacting the hot end stage is controlled to be constant, and the temperature of the lower substrate contacting the cold end stage is adjusted to achieve the temperature difference between the upper and lower substrates under different simulation test conditions.
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