CN102540099B - System and method for testing thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery - Google Patents
System and method for testing thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102540099B CN102540099B CN201210024829.6A CN201210024829A CN102540099B CN 102540099 B CN102540099 B CN 102540099B CN 201210024829 A CN201210024829 A CN 201210024829A CN 102540099 B CN102540099 B CN 102540099B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing system for testing the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of a miniature temperature-difference battery and a method thereof. The testing system for testing the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the miniature temperature-difference battery comprises three parts which are a testing fixture, a vacuum system and a controlling and testing circuit system. A miniature temperature-difference battery to be tested is placed in the testing fixture, and the testing process is positioned in a vacuum environment. According to the testing system, current flowing through a heating block can be regulated and controlled by the controlling and testing circuit system, the control of the flow rate of heat in the testing process and the collection of relevant testing data are realized, the testing data are also transmitted to a microcomputer in real time, and the controlling of the entire testing process, the processing of the testing data and the real-time displaying of the testing data and a calculating result on a computer display are realized by the microcomputer. According to the system, the accurate measurement of the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the miniature temperature-difference battery can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermoelectric cell Performance Testing Technology, more particularly, a kind of particularly thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro and method.
Background technology
Thermoelectric cell is the thermoelectricity transition effects (also claiming Seebeck effect) that utilizes thermoelectric material, a kind of physical battery that utilizes the temperature difference to generate electricity being assembled by N-shaped and p-type thermoelectric material.The conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of thermoelectric cell is the important indicator of evaluating thermoelectric cell performance quality.The conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of thermoelectric cell is defined as follows:
η＝P
out/P
in (1)
(1) in formula, η is the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of thermoelectric cell, P
infor the unit interval is to the heat of thermoelectric cell input, P
outfor the output power of thermoelectric cell.
The volume of minitype thermoelectric cell is little, and the input heat that brings of the temperature difference exists loss, causes the difficulty for thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of for testing test macro and the method thereof of thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery, can realize the Accurate Measurement to thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery.
Object of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
Thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro, consists of detection clamp, vacuum systems and control and test circuit system three parts.Minitype thermoelectric cell to be measured is placed in detection clamp, and test process is in vacuum environment.This test macro can be by the electric current of controlling and test circuit system regulates and controls to flow through on heat block, realize the heat flux control of test process and the collection of relevant test data, and by test data real-time Transmission to microcomputer, by microcomputer, realize the control to whole test process, processing and test data and the real-time demonstration of result of calculation on graphoscope of test data.This system can realize the Accurate Measurement to thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery.As follows specifically:
Detection clamp (as shown in accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2) comprises minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1, minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame 2, fixing slide block 3, turn screw rod 4, heat block 31, the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35, and wherein the inside of minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1 forms the sample chamber of placing minitype thermoelectric cell to be measured; The first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 lay respectively at the both sides of heat block 31, and by screwing turn screw rod 4, the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 are fixed between minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame 2 and fixing slide block 3; The first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32 is positioned at the cold junction of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33 is positioned at the hot junction of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34 is positioned at the hot junction of the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6, and the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 is positioned at the cold junction of the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6; The current/voltage p-wire 15 of the first minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, and the current/voltage p-wire 16 of the second minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the second minitype thermoelectric cell; By control and test circuit system, regulate the electric current of flowing through on heat block 31 to make its release heat, the temperature difference is set up respectively at two ends at the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6, by being positioned at four temperature thermocouples in these two minitype thermoelectric cell cold junctions and hot junction, record respectively the cold hot-side temperature of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6; By the current/voltage p-wire being connected with these two minitype thermoelectric cell both positive and negative polarities, record respectively output current and the output voltage of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6.
Wherein the connectivity port 7 of minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame is closely connected with connecting pipe 10 by sealing clamp, described connecting pipe 10 by sealing clamp with connect outer lead threeway 11 and be closely connected, described in connect outer lead threeway 11 and be closely connected with outer lead interface 12 by sealing clamp; In described sealing clamp, be provided with O-ring seal, to realize, be tightly connected.
Vacuum systems (as shown in accompanying drawing 5, accompanying drawing 6) by minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1, tensimeter 20, connect pressure meter three-way 21, thermocouple vacuum gauge 22, connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway 23, vacuum pump threeway 24, air release 25, connect air release threeway 26, manual vacuum valve 27, vacuum pump interface 28, vacuum pump 29, gland bonnet 30, O-ring seal 9 and sealing clamp 8 and form.It is characterized in that, connect external lead wire threeway 11 by sealing clamp 8 with connect pressure meter three-way 21 and be connected, connect tensimeter 20 on pressure meter three-way for showing the pressure of test system inside; Connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway 23 by sealing clamp 8 with connect pressure meter three-way 21 and be connected, the thermocouple vacuum gauge 22 of installing on it is for showing the vacuum tightness with vacuum systems detection clamp inside; Connect vacuum pump threeway 24 by sealing clamp 8 with connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway 23 and be connected, the manual vacuum valve 27 of installing on it is for regulating the vacuum tightness of test system inside, by sealing clamp 8, manual vacuum valve 27 is connected with vacuum pump interface 28, vacuum pump interface 28 is connected with vacuum pump 29 by external pipeline; Connect air release threeway 26 by sealing clamp 8 with connect vacuum pump threeway 24 and be connected, the air release 25 of installing on it is for regulating the gaseous tension of test macro inside, its other end is connected with gland bonnet 30 by sealing clamp.Start vacuum pump 29, open after manual vacuum valve 27, form vacuum environment in detection clamp, the vacuum environment in detection clamp can significantly reduce the thermal loss on the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 and heat block 31 surfaces.
Control and test circuit system (as shown in Figure 3) by connecing heat block wire 13, connect the current/voltage p-wire 15 of battery temperature thermocouple wire 14, the first minitype thermoelectric cell, electric current and voltage p-wire 16, data line 17, microcomputer 18, control and the data collector 36 of the second minitype thermoelectric cell forms.It is characterized in that, the current/voltage p-wire that connects heat block wire 13, the first minitype thermoelectric cell 15 in sample chamber, the electric current and voltage p-wire of the second minitype thermoelectric cell 16, the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 all extend detection clamp by being arranged on the outer lead interface 12 connecing in outer lead threeway 11; Control and data collector 36 is realized the convection current control of the heating current size on the heat block 31 in jig after tested by connecing heat block wire 13, thereby control the hot-fluid that imports thermoelectric cell into; Control and data collector 36 are connected with the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 by connecing battery temperature thermocouple wire 14, realize the collection to the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 cold hot-side temperatures; Control and data collector 36, by the electric current and voltage p-wire 15 of the first thermoelectric cell and the electric current and voltage p-wire 16 of the second thermoelectric cell, gather output voltage and the output current of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6; Control and data collector 16 is comprised of A/D converter, single-chip microcomputer, serial converter, power supply, the electronic circuit etc. that carries out the transmission of Current Control and signal and signal processing; Control and data collector 36 are connected on microcomputer 18 by data line 17; By microcomputer 18, the data of controlling and data collector 36 collects and uploads are processed, and shown in real time data and data processed result on the display of microcomputer 18.
The test philosophy of the test macro that the present invention proposes is based on Seebeck effect, and when minitype thermoelectric cell two ends exist the temperature difference, minitype thermoelectric cell can externally be exported electric energy.Within certain hour, the power of minitype thermoelectric cell to external load output and the ratio importing between the heat of minitype thermoelectric cell inside are exactly the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of minitype thermoelectric cell, can be represented by the formula:
η＝P
out/P
in (1)
(1) in formula, η is the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of thermoelectric cell, P
infor the unit interval is to the heat of thermoelectric cell input, because adopt a heat block 31 in test macro of the present invention, be two minitype thermoelectric cell heat supplies, therefore P simultaneously
infor heat block in certain hour 31 is to the half of thermoelectric cell input heat, can be by the electric current I of the heat block 31 of flowing through in certain hour ' and the resistance R of heat block calculate: P
in=I '
2r/2; P
outfor the output power of thermoelectric cell in certain hour, P
outcan be calculated by the output voltage V of minitype thermoelectric cell and output current I: P
out=VI.According to this principle, according to the flow chart of accompanying drawing 4, carry out the acquisition and processing of data, wherein T
cfor cold junction temperature, the T of minitype thermoelectric cell
hfor the hot-side temperature (temperature difference that both differences are minitype thermoelectric cell) of minitype thermoelectric cell; V
1be output voltage, the I of the first minitype thermoelectric cell
1it is the output current (both products are the output power of the first minitype thermoelectric cell) of the first minitype thermoelectric cell; V
2be output voltage, the I of the second minitype thermoelectric cell
2it is the output current (both products are the output power of the second minitype thermoelectric cell) of the second minitype thermoelectric cell; I ' (utilizes formula P for the electric current of heat block 31 of flowing through
in=I '
2r/2 can calculate to the heat of thermoelectric cell input).
When utilizing test macro of the present invention to carry out conversion efficiency of thermoelectric test, can carry out according to following step:
First, the first thermoelectric cell 5 to be measured and the second thermoelectric cell 6 are placed on respectively to heat block 31 both sides and be placed in minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame 2 and fixing slide block 3 between, screw turn screw rod 4 make the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 respectively with the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 close contacts; The both positive and negative polarity of the first minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the electric current and voltage p-wire 15 of the first thermoelectric cell respectively, the both positive and negative polarity of the second minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the electric current and voltage p-wire 16 of the second thermoelectric cell respectively; Minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1 use sealing clamp 8 and O-ring seal 9 are fixed on connecting pipe 10, and whole test macro is in closed state;
Then, start vacuum pump 29, open manual vacuum valve 27, and by tensimeter 20 and thermocouple vacuum gauge 22, detect the pressure of test macro inside, while reaching the required vacuum tightness of test to test macro internal pressure, close manual vacuum valve 27 and vacuum pump 29;
The 3rd, start and control and data collector 36, and control and data collector 36 are proofreaied and correct
The 4th, start microcomputer 18, the resistance value needing is calculated in input, and utilize control and data collector 36 after proofreading and correct to gather the current value of output voltage values, output current value and the heating resistor of thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature, hot-side temperature, minitype thermoelectric cell, utilize microcomputer that above-mentioned data are proofreaied and correct and calculated, to obtain the temperature difference of minitype thermoelectric cell, the output power of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, the output power of the second minitype thermoelectric cell, the heat of inputting to thermoelectric cell and the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of minitype thermoelectric cell simultaneously.
Wherein, the vacuum tightness that described test needs can be chosen as 10
-4～10
-3pa, for avoiding scattering and disappearing of heat, can further improve vacuum tightness value, but should be noted that the seal degree of whole test macro.
When testing, real-time testing and real-time display mode be can adopt, the cold and hot end temperature-time curve of minitype thermoelectric cell, minitype thermoelectric cell electric current and voltage-time curve, minitype thermoelectric cell power-current curve, thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery drawn.
Adopt structure and the method for thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro of the present invention, can measure rapidly and accurately the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of minitype thermoelectric cell, solved the problem that current thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery cannot be measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 detection clamp structural representation
Fig. 2 detection clamp structure partial cross-sectional schematic
Circuit connection diagram between Fig. 3 thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro each several part
Fig. 4 is arranged on the data processing software flow chart on microcomputer 18
The composite structure schematic diagram of Fig. 5 vacuum systems and detection clamp
The composite structure partial schematic sectional view of Fig. 6 vacuum systems and detection clamp
In accompanying drawing, 1, minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover; 2, minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame; 3, fixing slide block; 4, turn screw rod; 5, the first minitype thermoelectric cell; 6, the second minitype thermoelectric cell; 7, cell support frame connectivity port; 8, sealing clamp; 9, O-ring seal; 10, connecting pipe; 11, connect outer lead threeway; 12, outer lead interface; 13, connect heat block wire; 14, connect sample temperature thermocouple wire; 15, the electric current and voltage p-wire of the first minitype thermoelectric cell; 16, the electric current and voltage p-wire of the second minitype thermoelectric cell; 17, data line; 18, microcomputer; 19, gib screw; 20, tensimeter; 21, connect pressure meter three-way; 22, thermocouple vacuum gauge; 23, connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway; 24, connect vacuum pump threeway; 25, air release; 26, connect air release threeway; 27, manual vacuum valve; 28, vacuum pump interface; 29, vacuum pump; 30, threeway gland bonnet; 31, heat block; 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple; 33, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple; 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple; 35, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple; 36, control and data collector.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Attached Fig. 1 and 2 is detection clamp surface structure schematic diagram and partial interior structure cross-sectional schematic.Detection clamp comprises minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1, minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame 2, fixing slide block 3, turn screw rod 4, heat block 31, the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35, and wherein the inside of minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1 forms the sample chamber of placing minitype thermoelectric cell to be measured; The first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 lay respectively at the both sides of heat block 31, and by screwing turn screw rod 4, the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 are fixed between minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame 2 and fixing slide block 3; The first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32 is positioned at the cold junction of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33 is positioned at the hot junction of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34 is positioned at the hot junction of the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6, and the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 is positioned at the cold junction of the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6; The current/voltage p-wire 15 of the first minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, and the current/voltage p-wire 16 of the second minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the second minitype thermoelectric cell; By control and test circuit system, regulate the electric current of flowing through on heat block 31 to make its release heat, the temperature difference is set up respectively at two ends at the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6, by being positioned at four temperature thermocouples in these two minitype thermoelectric cell cold junctions and hot junction, record respectively the cold hot-side temperature of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6; By the current/voltage p-wire being connected with these two minitype thermoelectric cell both positive and negative polarities, record respectively output current and the output voltage of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6.
Wherein the connectivity port 7 of minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame is closely connected with connecting pipe 10 by sealing clamp, described connecting pipe 10 by sealing clamp with connect outer lead threeway 11 and be closely connected, described in connect outer lead threeway 11 and be closely connected with outer lead interface 12 by sealing clamp; In described sealing clamp, be provided with O-ring seal, to realize, be tightly connected.
Control and test circuit system (as shown in Figure 3) by connecing heat block wire 13, connect the current/voltage p-wire 15 of battery temperature thermocouple wire 14, the first minitype thermoelectric cell, electric current and voltage p-wire 16, data line 17, microcomputer 18, control and the data collector 36 of the second minitype thermoelectric cell forms.It is characterized in that, the current/voltage p-wire that connects heat block wire 13, the first minitype thermoelectric cell 15 in sample chamber, the electric current and voltage p-wire of the second minitype thermoelectric cell 16, the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 all extend detection clamp by being arranged on the outer lead interface 12 connecing in outer lead threeway 11; Control and data collector 36 is realized the convection current control of the heating current size on the heat block 31 in jig after tested by connecing heat block wire 13, thereby control the hot-fluid that imports thermoelectric cell into; Control and data collector 36 are connected with the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 by connecing battery temperature thermocouple wire 14, realize the collection to the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5, the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 cold hot-side temperatures; Control and data collector 36, by the electric current and voltage p-wire 15 of the first thermoelectric cell and the electric current and voltage p-wire 16 of the second thermoelectric cell, gather output voltage and the output current of the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6; Control and data collector 16 is comprised of A/D converter, single-chip microcomputer, serial converter, power supply, the electronic circuit etc. that carries out the transmission of Current Control and signal and signal processing; Control and data collector 36 are connected on microcomputer 18 by data line 17; By microcomputer 18, the data of controlling and data collector 36 collects and uploads are processed, and shown in real time data and data processed result on the display of microcomputer 18.
Vacuum systems (as shown in accompanying drawing 5, accompanying drawing 6) by minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1, tensimeter 20, connect pressure meter three-way 21, thermocouple vacuum gauge 22, connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway 23, vacuum pump threeway 24, air release 25, connect air release threeway 26, manual vacuum valve 27, vacuum pump interface 28, vacuum pump 29, gland bonnet 30, O-ring seal 9 and sealing clamp 8 and form.It is characterized in that, connect external lead wire threeway 11 by sealing clamp 8 with connect pressure meter three-way 21 and be connected, connect tensimeter 20 on pressure meter three-way for showing the pressure of test system inside; Connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway 23 by sealing clamp 8 with connect pressure meter three-way 21 and be connected, the thermocouple vacuum gauge 22 of installing on it is for showing the vacuum tightness with vacuum systems detection clamp inside; Connect vacuum pump threeway 24 by sealing clamp 8 with connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway 23 and be connected, the manual vacuum valve 27 of installing on it is for regulating the vacuum tightness of test system inside, by sealing clamp 8, manual vacuum valve 27 is connected with vacuum pump interface 28, vacuum pump interface 28 is connected with vacuum pump 29 by external pipeline; Connect air release threeway 26 by sealing clamp 8 with connect vacuum pump threeway 24 and be connected, the air release 25 of installing on it is for regulating the gaseous tension of test macro inside.Start vacuum pump 29, open after manual vacuum valve 27, form vacuum environment in detection clamp, the vacuum environment in detection clamp can significantly reduce the thermal loss on minitype thermoelectric cell 1, minitype thermoelectric cell 26 and heat block 31 surfaces.
When testing, first, the first thermoelectric cell 5 to be measured and the second thermoelectric cell 6 are placed on respectively to heat block 31 both sides and be placed in minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame 2 and fixing slide block 3 between, screw turn screw rod 4 make the first minitype thermoelectric cell 5 and the second minitype thermoelectric cell 6 respectively with the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 32, the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 33, the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple 34, the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple 35 close contacts; The both positive and negative polarity of the first minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the electric current and voltage p-wire 15 of the first thermoelectric cell respectively, the both positive and negative polarity of the second minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the electric current and voltage p-wire 16 of the second thermoelectric cell respectively; Minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover 1 use sealing clamp 8 and O-ring seal 9 are fixed on connecting pipe 10, and whole test macro is in closed state;
Then, start vacuum pump 29, open manual vacuum valve 27, and by tensimeter 20 and thermocouple vacuum gauge 22, detect the pressure of test macro inside, while reaching the required vacuum tightness of test to test macro internal pressure, close manual vacuum valve 27 and vacuum pump 29, make whole system maintain 10
-4pa (for avoiding scattering and disappearing of heat, can further improve vacuum tightness value, but should be noted that the seal degree of whole test macro);
The 3rd, start and control and data collector 36, and control and data collector 36 are proofreaied and correct
The 4th, start microcomputer 18, the resistance value needing is calculated in input, and utilize control and data collector 36 after proofreading and correct to gather the current value of output voltage values, output current value and the heating resistor of thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature, hot-side temperature, minitype thermoelectric cell, utilize microcomputer that above-mentioned data are proofreaied and correct and calculated, to obtain the temperature difference of minitype thermoelectric cell, the output power of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, the output power of the second minitype thermoelectric cell, the heat of inputting to thermoelectric cell and the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of minitype thermoelectric cell simultaneously.Adopt real-time testing and real-time display mode, draw the cold and hot end temperature-time curve of minitype thermoelectric cell, minitype thermoelectric cell electric current and voltage-time curve, minitype thermoelectric cell power-current curve, thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery.
Specifically, open thermoelectric cell conversion efficiency of thermoelectric testing software on microcomputer 18, click " Settings ", select and the corresponding PORT COM of side circuit, two batteries cold and hot end passage, electric current and voltage passage separately, key in the respective resistivity values of control circuit.Click " Heating Power " input heating power value.Open control circuit, the resistor power Test Switchboard of control and data collector 36 is pushed to resistance test " R " shelves, click " New Test ", choose output voltage values, output current value that " AutoGet " starts to gather battery cold junction temperature, hot-side temperature, thermoelectric cell, and calculate the temperature difference; The temperature that utilization collects and electric current and voltage value, the correlation parameter of adjusting control circuit, carries out circuit correction, completes the preparation before test; After everything is ready, resistor power Test Switchboard in control and data collector 36 is pushed to power test " P " shelves, click " Start " and start test, now graphoscope starts to show in real time the various performance parameters of battery, and draws the cold and hot end temperature-time curve of thermoelectric cell, thermoelectric cell electric current and voltage-time curve, thermoelectric cell power-current curve, thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery; After having tested, click " Stop " to stop data acquisition, save data, exits test interface.Utilize above-mentioned test macro and step, respectively following minitype thermoelectric cell is carried out to efficiency test.
Test the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of the first thermoelectric cell and the second thermoelectric cell, for the preparation of the thin film thermoelectric material of above-mentioned minitype thermoelectric cell: N-shaped thin film thermoelectric material is Bi
2te
2.7se
0.3, p-type thin film thermoelectric material is Bi
0.5sb
1.5te
3.After testing, the test result that graphoscope shows is as follows: under room temperature, 10K temperature difference condition, the peak power output of minitype thermoelectric cell 1 is 22.1 μ W, and corresponding current is 142 μ A, and corresponding output voltage is 156mV, and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is 0.87%.Under room temperature, 10K temperature difference condition, the peak power output of minitype thermoelectric cell 2 is 26.0 μ W, and corresponding current is 147 μ A, and corresponding output voltage is 177mV, and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is 0.92%.
Test the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of the first thermoelectric cell and the second thermoelectric cell, for the preparation of the thin film thermoelectric material of above-mentioned minitype thermoelectric cell: N-shaped thin film thermoelectric material is Bi
2te
3, p-type thin film thermoelectric material is Sb
2te
3.After testing, the test result that graphoscope shows is as follows: under room temperature, 10K temperature difference condition, the peak power output of minitype thermoelectric cell 1 is 22.1 μ W, and corresponding current is 142 μ A, and corresponding output voltage is 156mV, and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is 0.74%.Under room temperature, 10K temperature difference condition, the peak power output of minitype thermoelectric cell 2 is 26.0 μ W, and corresponding current is 147 μ A, and corresponding output voltage is 177mV, and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is 0.72%.
Above the present invention has been done to exemplary description; should be noted that; in the situation that not departing from core of the present invention, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend creative work all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro, is characterized in that, detection clamp, vacuum systems and control and test circuit system three parts, consists of; Minitype thermoelectric cell to be measured is placed in detection clamp, and test process is in vacuum environment; This test macro is by the electric current of controlling and test circuit system regulates and controls to flow through on heat block, realize the heat flux control of test process and the collection of relevant test data, and by test data real-time Transmission to microcomputer, by microcomputer, realize the control to whole test process, processing and test data and the real-time demonstration of result of calculation on graphoscope of test data, can realize the Accurate Measurement to thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery;
The detection clamp of described test macro comprises minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover (1), minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame (2), fixing slide block (3), turn screw rod (4), heat block (31), the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (32), the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (33), the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (34), the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (35), and wherein the inside of minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover (1) forms the sample chamber of placing minitype thermoelectric cell to be measured; The first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6) lay respectively at the both sides of heat block (31), and by screwing turn screw rod (4), the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6) are fixed between minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame (2) and fixing slide block (3); The first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (32) is positioned at the cold junction of the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5), the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (33) is positioned at the hot junction of the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5), the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (34) is positioned at the hot junction of the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6), and the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (35) is positioned at the cold junction of the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6); The current/voltage p-wire (15) of the first minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, and the current/voltage p-wire (16) of the second minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the second minitype thermoelectric cell; By control and test circuit system, regulate the electric current of flowing through on heat block (31) to make its release heat, the temperature difference is set up respectively at two ends at the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6), by being positioned at the temperature thermocouple in minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction and hot junction, record respectively the cold hot-side temperature of the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6); By the current/voltage p-wire being connected with minitype thermoelectric cell both positive and negative polarity, record respectively output current and the output voltage of the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6).
2. a kind of thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, wherein the connectivity port of minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame (7) are closely connected with connecting pipe (10) by sealing clamp, described connecting pipe (10) by sealing clamp with connect outer lead threeway (11) and be closely connected, described in connect outer lead threeway (11) and be closely connected with outer lead interface (12) by sealing clamp; In described sealing clamp, be provided with O-ring seal, to realize, be tightly connected.
3. a kind of thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the vacuum systems of described test macro is by minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover (1), tensimeter (20), connect pressure meter three-way (21), thermocouple vacuum gauge (22), connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway (23), vacuum pump threeway (24), air release (25), connect air release threeway (26), manual vacuum valve (27), vacuum pump interface (28), vacuum pump (29), gland bonnet (30), O-ring seal (9) and sealing clamp (8) composition, it is characterized in that, connect external lead wire threeway (11) by sealing clamp (8) with connect pressure meter three-way (21) and be connected, connect tensimeter (20) on pressure meter three-way for showing the pressure of test system inside, connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway (23) by sealing clamp (8) with connect pressure meter three-way (21) and be connected, the thermocouple vacuum gauge (22) of installing on it is for showing the vacuum tightness with vacuum systems detection clamp inside, connect vacuum pump threeway (24) by sealing clamp (8) with connect thermocouple vacuum gauge threeway (23) and be connected, the manual vacuum valve (27) of installing on it is for regulating the vacuum tightness of test system inside, by sealing clamp (8), manual vacuum valve (27) is connected with vacuum pump interface (28), vacuum pump interface (28) is connected with vacuum pump (29) by external pipeline, connect air release threeway (26) by sealing clamp (8) with connect vacuum pump threeway (24) and be connected, the air release (25) of installing on it is for regulating the gaseous tension of test macro inside, its other end is connected with gland bonnet (30) by sealing clamp, start vacuum pump (29), open after manual vacuum valve (27), in detection clamp, form vacuum environment, the vacuum environment in detection clamp can significantly reduce the thermal loss on the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5), the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6) and heat block (31) surface.
4. a kind of thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the control of described test macro and test circuit system are by connecing heat block wire (13), connect battery temperature thermocouple wire (14), the current/voltage p-wire (15) of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, the electric current and voltage p-wire (16) of the second minitype thermoelectric cell, data line (17), microcomputer (18), control and data collector (36) composition, it is characterized in that, in sample chamber, connect heat block wire (13), the current/voltage p-wire (15) of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, the electric current and voltage p-wire (16) of the second minitype thermoelectric cell, the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (32), the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (33), the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (34) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (35) extend detection clamp by being arranged on the outer lead interface (12) connecing in outer lead threeway (11), control and data collector (36) is realized the convection current control of the heating current size on the heat block (31) in jig after tested by connecing heat block wire (13), thereby control the hot-fluid that imports thermoelectric cell into, control and data collector (36) are connected with the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (32), the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (33), the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (34), the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (35) by connecing battery temperature thermocouple wire (14), realize the collection to the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5), the cold hot-side temperature of the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6), control and data collector (36), by the electric current and voltage p-wire (15) of the first thermoelectric cell and the electric current and voltage p-wire (16) of the second thermoelectric cell, gather output voltage and the output current of the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6), control and data collector (16) is comprised of A/D converter, single-chip microcomputer, serial converter, power supply, the electronic circuit that carries out the transmission of Current Control and signal and signal processing, control and data collector (36) are connected on microcomputer (18) by data line (17), by microcomputer (18), the data of controlling and data collector (36) collects and uploads are processed, and shown in real time data and data processed result on the display of microcomputer (18).
5. a method of utilizing thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery test macro as claimed in claim 1 to test, is characterized in that, according to following step, carries out:
First, the first thermoelectric cell (5) to be measured and the second thermoelectric cell (6) are placed on respectively to heat block (31) both sides and be placed in minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame (2) and fixing slide block (3) between, screw turn screw rod (4) make the first minitype thermoelectric cell (5) and the second minitype thermoelectric cell (6) respectively with the first minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (32), the first minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (33), the second minitype thermoelectric cell hot junction temperature thermocouple (34), the second minitype thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature thermocouple (35) close contact, the both positive and negative polarity of the first minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the electric current and voltage p-wire (15) of the first thermoelectric cell respectively, the both positive and negative polarity of the second minitype thermoelectric cell is connected with the electric current and voltage p-wire (16) of the second thermoelectric cell respectively, minitype thermoelectric cell bracing frame outer cover (1) is fixed to connecting pipe (10) with sealing clamp (8) and O-ring seal (9) upper, whole test macro is in closed state,
Then, start vacuum pump (29), open manual vacuum valve (27), and by tensimeter (20) and thermocouple vacuum gauge (22), detect the pressure of test macro inside, while reaching the required vacuum tightness of test to test macro internal pressure, close manual vacuum valve (27) and vacuum pump (29);
The 3rd, start and control and data collector (36), and control and data collector (36) are proofreaied and correct;
The 4th, start microcomputer (18), the resistance value needing is calculated in input, and utilize control and data collector (36) after proofreading and correct to gather thermoelectric cell cold junction temperature, hot-side temperature, the output voltage values of minitype thermoelectric cell, the current value of output current value and heating resistor, utilize microcomputer that above-mentioned data are proofreaied and correct and calculated simultaneously, to obtain the temperature difference of minitype thermoelectric cell, the output power of the first minitype thermoelectric cell, the output power of the second minitype thermoelectric cell, to the heat of thermoelectric cell input and the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of minitype thermoelectric cell.
6. thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery method of testing according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the vacuum tightness that described test needs is chosen as 10
-4～10
-3pa.
7. thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery method of testing according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, when testing, adopt real-time testing and real-time display mode, draw the cold hot-side temperature-time curve of minitype thermoelectric cell, minitype thermoelectric cell electric current and voltage-time curve, minitype thermoelectric cell power-current curve, thermoelectric conversion efficiency of miniature temperature-difference battery.
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