CN113068903A - 一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113068903A CN113068903A CN202110325867.4A CN202110325867A CN113068903A CN 113068903 A CN113068903 A CN 113068903A CN 202110325867 A CN202110325867 A CN 202110325867A CN 113068903 A CN113068903 A CN 113068903A
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- Prior art keywords
- titanium dioxide
- parts
- antifouling
- nano
- upper material
- Prior art date
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及鞋帮材料制造领域,具体公开了一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,由外层材料、中层材料和内层材料组成,所述外层料为聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料,所述内层材料为棉布,所述中层材料为纳米过滤层;其中纳米过滤层由包括以下重量份数的原料制成:对苯二甲酸20‑35份、乙二醇20‑35份、聚酰胺50‑65份、纳米二氧化钛5‑20份、氧化石墨烯0.5‑1份,硅烷偶联剂1‑5份;其制备方法为:将静电纺丝纤维浸泡到二氧化钛溶液中得到纳米过滤层,再将外层材料、中层材料和内层材料进行贴合,制备得到鞋帮材料。本申请的防污、抑菌鞋帮材料具有耐磨、防污、抑菌和穿着舒适透气的效果。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及鞋帮材料制造领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着社会的发展,人们生活水平的提升,人们对鞋子的舒适性以及其他性能的要求越来越高。而运动鞋一般都是柔软而富有弹性的,能起一定的缓冲作用。运动时能增强弹性,有的还能防止脚踝受伤,因此,深受广大消费者的喜爱。运动鞋的帮面的材料主要为纺织布料(包括棉布、腈纶、丙纶、氨纶、无纺布、复合网面布等)、皮革(天然皮、人造草皮、合成革皮等)、橡胶塑料和其他材料等。
目前,布面运动鞋和皮面运动鞋是最常用的运动鞋鞋帮材料,布面运动鞋有着轻量、柔软、透气、穿着舒适的优点,皮面运动鞋的天然皮革运动鞋具有透气、吸汗、舒适、易于保护,强度较大等优点,合成皮革运动鞋具有强度高、防水、保暖等优点。可以看出,目前只有人造皮革运动鞋才具有防水、抗污易清洗的特点,而布面运动鞋的防污性能较差,沾染上污渍后不易清洗。
因此,急需要研制一种在柔软透气的基础上能够达到防污、抗菌的效果的运动鞋鞋帮材料。
发明内容
为了提高鞋帮材料的防污、抗菌的效果,本申请提供一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料及其制备方法。
第一方面,本申请提供的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,采用如下的技术方案:
一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,由外层材料、中层材料和内层材料组成,所述外层料为聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料,所述内层材料为棉布,所述中层材料为纳米过滤层;其中纳米过滤层由包括以下重量份数的原料制成:对苯二甲酸20-35份、乙二醇20-35份、聚酰胺50-65份、纳米二氧化钛5-20份、氧化石墨烯0.5-1份、硅烷偶联剂1-5份。
通过采用上述技术方案,由于外层材料采用聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料,聚酯纤维的抗皱性和保形性很好,具有较高的强度与弹性恢复能力,锦纶具有高耐磨性,将聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺得到的面料其耐磨性能较好,从而提升运动鞋的寿命;在纳米过滤层加入纳米二氧化钛,纳米二氧化钛具有很好的光化学性能,在光照的作用下能够降解污渍,从而达到防污的效果,氧化石墨烯与纳米二氧化钛混合可以提高纳米二氧化钛的光催化性能,从而能够提升对污渍的降解能力,纳米纤维层的各个成粉相互配合,共同作用,从而使鞋帮材料污渍不易渗透、易清洗;内层选用棉布可以使制备得到的鞋帮材料更透气,从而提升鞋子的舒适性;因而在外层材料、中层材料和内层材料共同作用的基础上,不进能够使鞋子更耐磨、透气,而且还能够使鞋子能够更达到防污、抑菌的效果。
可选的,所述纳米过滤层由包括以下重量份数的原料制成:对苯二甲酸25-30份、乙二元醇酯25-30份、聚酰胺55-60份、纳米二氧化钛8-12份、氧化石墨烯0.8-1份、硅烷偶联剂3-4份。
通过采用上述技术方案,由于采用:对苯二甲酸、乙二元醇酯、聚酰胺、纳米二氧化钛和氧化石墨烯作为纳米过滤层的原料,其选择合适的配比能够进一步的提升纳米过滤层的防污性能。
可选的,所述纳米二氧化钛为用硝酸银改性得到的改性纳米二氧化钛,其中纳米二氧化钛和硝酸银的重量比为1:(1.5-2)。
通过采用上述技术方案,纳米二氧化钛经过硝酸银改性后不仅能够提升纳米二氧化钛的光化学性能,而且还能够使纳米二氧化钛中含有银离子,从而提升抑菌的效果。
可选的,所述聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料中聚酯纤维和锦纶的重量比为1:(2-3)。
通过采用上述技术方案,采用重量比为1:(2-3)的聚酯纤维和锦纶进行混纺,其制备得到的混纺面料不仅具有很好的耐磨性能,而且还能够达到防水的效果,从而能够阻止污渍的渗入,便于清理,进一步提升鞋帮面料的防污性能。
可选的,所述纳米过滤层的厚度为0.4-0.6mm。
通过采用上述技术方案,纳米过滤层厚度选择0.4-0.6mm,不仅能够保证鞋帮材料的透气性,而且还能够达到很好的防止污渍渗入的效果,进而提升鞋帮材料的防污性能。
可选的,所述外层材料的厚度为0.5-0.8mm。
通过采用上述技术方案,选择厚度为0.5-0.8mm的外层材料,使得外层材料能够充分的耐磨,从而提高鞋帮材料的使用寿命。
可选的,所述内层材料的厚度为0.8-1mm。
通过采用上述技术方案,内层材料选择厚度为0.8-1mm的棉布,使鞋帮面料更柔软舒适,且能够很好的达到吸汗的效果,从而进一步提升鞋的舒适性。
第二方面,本申请提供一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料的制备方法,采用如下的技术方案:
一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
基材面料的制备:将对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、聚酰胺熔融后采用静电纺丝技术制备静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将氧化石墨烯、纳米二氧化钛、硅烷偶联剂和水混配得到二氧化钛溶液,其中纳米二氧化钛和水的重量比为1:(2-5);
纳米过滤层的制备:将基材面料浸泡到二氧化钛溶液中,浸泡20-30h后,烘干得到纳米过滤层;
鞋帮材料贴合:将聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料下表面与纳米过滤层上表面贴合连接,纳米过滤层下表面与棉布下表面贴合连接得到鞋帮材料。
通过采用上述技术方案,将静电纺丝纤维浸泡于氧化石墨烯和纳米二氧化钛配置的水溶液中,可以使静电纺丝纤维上附着氧化石墨烯和纳米二氧化钛,从而在光照的情况下发生光化学反应,达到去除污渍的效果,进而使鞋帮面料达到防污、抑菌的效果。
可选的,所述对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、聚酰胺熔融温度为250-270℃。
通过采用上述技术方案,对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、聚酰胺在250-270℃的熔融温度下,更有利于提高制备得到的静电纺丝纤维的稳定性,从而提升鞋帮材料的性能。
可选的,所述纳米过滤层的烘干温度为60-80℃,烘干时间为1-2h。
通过采用上述技术方案,纳米过滤层采用60-80℃进行烘干,不仅能够使纳米过滤层烘干,而且还不至于使纳米过滤层遭到破坏,从而能够很好的保持纳米过滤层的有益性能。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、由于本申请外层材料采用聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺,能够起到很好的耐磨性能,中层材料中加入了纳米二氧化钛和石墨烯,能够起到防污、抑菌的效果,内层材料选用棉布,使制备得到的鞋帮材料更透气、更舒适,三层材料相互作用,从而使制备得到的鞋帮材料具有耐磨、防污、抑菌、舒适的效果。
2、本申请中的纳米二氧化钛经过硝酸银改性,使得改性后后的纳米二氧化钛的光催化效率得到了提升,且银离子的加入还能够进一步提升抑菌效果,从而使得纳米过滤层的防污、抑菌性能提升。
3、本申请的方法,通过将静电纺丝纤维浸泡于纳米二氧化钛和氧化石墨烯的溶液中制备得到中层材料,不仅能够进一步的防止水分等透过材料,而且还能够有效分解污渍,从而达到防污、抑菌的功效。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
原料
对苯二甲酸:生产厂家:上海康拓化工有限公司,生产型号:100-21-0;
乙二醇:生产厂家:济南京邦新材料有限公司,生产型号:乙二醇;
聚酰胺:生产厂家:北京新塑世纪商贸有限公司,生产型号:PA6;
纳米二氧化钛:生产厂家:山东驰宇化工有限公司,生产型号:锐钛型A1;
氧化石墨烯:生产厂家:上海利物盛纳米科技有限公司,生产型号:LN-F-S;
硅烷偶联剂:生产厂家:南京全希化工有限公司,生产型号:KH-560;
聚氨酯粘合剂:生产厂家:桂林新美环保科技有限公司,生产型号:LX-515。
实施例
实施例1
一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
静电纺丝纤维的制备:将对苯二甲酸20kg、乙二醇35kg、聚酰胺50kg在250℃的温度下熔融后,通过静电纺丝设备制备得到静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将0.5kg氧化石墨烯和10kg纳米二氧化钛、1kg硅烷偶联剂和20kg水制备成溶液;
纳米过滤层的制备:将静电纺丝纤维浸泡到氧化石墨烯、纳米二氧化钛和水配置成溶液中,浸泡20h后,取出,然后以60℃的温度下,烘干2h,得到纳米过滤层;
鞋帮材料贴合:将0.8mm厚的重量比为1:1的聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料下表面与0.4mm厚度的纳米过滤层上表面通过聚氨酯粘合剂连接,纳米过滤层下表面与1mm的棉布下表面通过聚氨酯粘合剂连接后,在80℃的温度和200MPa的压强下,热压60min得到鞋帮材料。
实施例2
与实施例1的区别:静电纺丝纤维的制备:将对苯二甲酸30kg、乙二醇30kg、聚酰胺60kg在260℃的温度下熔融后,通过静电纺丝设备制备得到静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将0.8kg氧化石墨烯和16kg纳米二氧化钛、1.6kg硅烷偶联剂和32kg水制备成溶液。
实施例3
与实施例1的区别:静电纺丝纤维的制备:将对苯二甲酸35kg、乙二醇20kg、聚酰胺65kg在270℃的温度下熔融后,通过静电纺丝设备制备得到静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将1kg氧化石墨烯和20kg纳米二氧化钛、2kg硅烷偶联剂和40kg水制备成溶液。
实施例4
与实施例2的区别:静电纺丝纤维的制备:将对苯二甲酸28kg、乙二醇28kg、聚酰胺57kg在260℃的温度下熔融后,通过静电纺丝设备制备得到静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将0.9kg氧化石墨烯和18kg纳米二氧化钛、1.9kg硅烷偶联剂和36kg水制备成溶液。
实施例5
与实施例2的区别:静电纺丝纤维的制备:将对苯二甲酸30kg、乙二醇25kg、聚酰胺25kg在260℃的温度下熔融后,通过静电纺丝设备制备得到静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将1kg氧化石墨烯和20kg纳米二氧化钛、20kg硅烷偶联剂和40kg水制备成溶液。
实施例6
与实施例4的区别:所述纳米二氧化钛是纳米二氧化钛用其重量的1.5倍的硝酸银进行改性得到的改性纳米二氧化钛,其改性方法为:将硝酸银溶于浓度为60%的乙二醇溶液中,其中乙二醇用量为硝酸银重量的20倍,再向溶液中加入纳米二氧化钛,搅拌均匀,30min后烘干得到改性后的纳米二氧化钛。
实施例7
与实施例6的区别:所述纳米二氧化钛是纳米二氧化钛用其重量的1.7倍的硝酸银进行改性得到的改性纳米二氧化钛。
实施例8
与实施例6的区别:所述纳米二氧化钛是纳米二氧化钛用其重量的2倍的硝酸银进行改性得到的改性纳米二氧化钛。
实施例9
与实施例7的区别:改性纳米二氧化钛的添加量为5kg。
实施例10
与实施例7的区别:改性纳米二氧化钛的添加量为20kg。
实施例11
与实施例7的区别:二氧化钛溶液制备:加入水54kg。
实施例12
与实施例7的区别:二氧化钛溶液制备:加入水90kg。
实施例13
与实施例11的区别:聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料为重量比为1:2的聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺。
实施例14
与实施例11的区别:聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料为重量比为1:2.5的聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺。
实施例15
与实施例11的区别:聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料为重量比为1:3的聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺。
实施例16
与实施例14的区别:鞋帮材料贴合:将0.7mm厚的聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料下表面与0.5mm厚度的纳米过滤层上表面通过聚氨酯粘合剂连接,纳米过滤层下表面与0.9mm的棉布下表面通过聚氨酯粘合剂连接后,在80℃的温度和200MPa的压强下,热压60min得到鞋帮材料。
实施例17
与实施例14的区别:鞋帮材料贴合:将0.5mm厚的聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料下表面与0.6mm厚度的纳米过滤层上表面通过聚氨酯粘合剂连接,纳米过滤层下表面与0.8mm的棉布下表面通过聚氨酯粘合剂连接后,在80℃的温度和200MPa的压强下,热压60min得到鞋帮材料。
实施例18
与实施例16的区别:纳米过滤层的制备:将静电纺丝纤维浸泡到氧化石墨烯、纳米二氧化钛和水配置成溶液中,直至能够完全浸泡电纺丝纤维为止,浸泡25h后,取出,然后以70℃的温度下,烘干1.5h,得到纳米过滤层。
实施例19
与实施例16的区别:纳米过滤层的制备:将静电纺丝纤维浸泡到氧化石墨烯、纳米二氧化钛和水配置成溶液中,直至能够完全浸泡电纺丝纤维为止,浸泡30h后,取出,然后以80℃的温度下,烘干1h,得到纳米过滤层。
对比例
对比例1
与实施例4的区别:不添加纳米二氧化钛。
对比例2
与实施例4的区别:不添加氧化石墨烯。
对比例3
与实施例4的区别:不添加纳米二氧化钛和石墨烯。
对比例4
与实施例18的区别:改性纳米二氧化钛添加1kg。
对比例5
与实施例18的区别:改性纳米二氧化钛添加30kg。
性能检测试验
检测实施例1-19和对比例1-5所制备鞋帮材料的耐磨性、耐污性和抑菌性。
检测方法
鞋帮材料的耐磨性通过《GB-T 21196.2-2007纺织品马丁代尔法织物耐磨性的测定第2部分试样破损的测定》的试验方法检测鞋帮材料的发生破损时的总摩擦次数,总摩擦数次越大证明鞋帮材料越耐磨损;
鞋帮材料的耐污性根据《GB/T 30159.1-2013纺织品防污性能的检测和评价第1部分:耐沾污性》中的液态沾污法和固态沾污法分别进行检测、分级,等级越高则证明耐沾污性最好,其中液态沾污等级描述详见表1,固态沾污法用变色用灰色样卡评定试验沾污区中央部位与微沾污部位的色差,色差级数为3-4级及以上时,则认为该样品具有耐固态沾污性;
表1液态玷污等级
鞋帮材料的抑菌性根据《GB T 20944.1-2007纺织品抗菌性能的评价第1部分_琼脂平皿扩散法标准》中的方法进行检测,检测鞋帮材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果,观察细菌带繁殖的有无和抑菌带的宽度(mm),细菌无繁殖、抑菌带宽度越大则抑菌效果越好。鞋帮材料的耐磨性、耐污性以及抑菌性的检测结果详见表2。
表2鞋帮材料性能检测结果
结合实施例1-5并结合表2可以看出,改变鞋帮材料的各个成份的用量,均会对最终制备额得到的鞋帮材料的耐磨性能、耐沾污性、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性以及大肠杆菌的抑菌性产生影响,而选择本申请实施例4中的技术方案能够有效提高鞋帮材料的各项性能,从而使鞋帮材料的耐磨性、防污以及抑菌性提高。
结合实施例4和实施例6-8并结合表2可以看出,选择添加经过硝酸银改性得到的改性纳米二氧化钛能够有效提高制备得到的鞋帮材料的防污、抑菌性能,在本申请实施例中,选择实施例7中的纳米二氧化钛与硝酸银的配比,能够有效提高制备得到的鞋帮材料的性能。
结合实施例7和实施例9-10并结合表2可以看出,在其他条件不变的情况下,改变改性纳米二氧化钛的添加量会对最终得到的鞋帮材料的性能产生影响,在本申请实施例中,选择实施例7中的改性纳米二氧化钛的添加量能够有效提升鞋帮材料的防污、抑菌和耐磨的性能,从而延长制备的鞋的使用寿命。
结合实施例7和实施例11-12并结合表2可以看出,在其他条件不变的情况下,改变二氧化钛溶液制备中水的用量,即改变各个原料的浓度均会影响鞋帮材料的防污、抑菌的性能,而选择而本申请中二氧化钛溶液制备过程中氧化石墨烯、纳米二氧化钛、硅烷偶联剂和水的配比,其能够有效提升鞋帮材料的防污、抑菌性能,从而提升鞋帮材料的使用寿命。
结合实施例7和实施例13-15并结合表2可以看出,选择不同聚氨酯和锦纶重量比的聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料作为外层材料,其会对最终制备得到的鞋帮材料的耐磨性、防污、抗菌的性能产生影响,在本申请实施例中,选择实施例12的聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料作为外层材料,其制备得到的鞋帮材料的性能最好。
结合实施例12和实施例16-19并结合表2可以看出,鞋帮材料制作过程中的工艺参数的改变,均会对最终制备得到的鞋帮材料的性能产生影响,例如外层材料、中层材料以及内层材料的厚度以及纳米过滤层制备的温度、浸泡时间等均会对最终制备得到的鞋帮材料的性能产生影响,而在本申请实施例中,选择实施例18的制备工艺参数其最终制备得到的鞋帮材料的各项性能最优。
结合实施例4和对比例1-3并结合表2可以看出,舍弃鞋帮材料中的纳米二氧化钛或者氧化石墨烯均会对最终制备得到的鞋帮材料的防污、抑菌性能产生影响,由此可见,纳米二氧化钛以及氧化石墨烯对鞋帮材料的防污、抑菌性能起着重要的作用。
结合实施例18和对比例4-5并结合表2可以看出,改性纳米二氧化钛的添加量过多或过少均会对最终制备得到的鞋帮材料产生影响,而选择本申请的改性纳米的添加量能够使制备得到的鞋帮材料的耐磨、防污和抑菌性能均得到提升。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (10)
1.一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,由外层材料、中层材料和内层材料组成,其特征在于,所述外层料为聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料,所述内层材料为棉布,所述中层材料为纳米过滤层;其中纳米过滤层由包括以下重量份数的原料制成:对苯二甲酸20-35份、乙二醇20-35份、聚酰胺50-65份、纳米二氧化钛5-20份、氧化石墨烯0.5-1份、硅烷偶联剂1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,其特征在于:所述纳米过滤层由包括以下重量份数的原料制成:对苯二甲酸25-30份、乙二元醇酯25-30份、聚酰胺55-60份、纳米二氧化钛8-12份、氧化石墨烯0.8-1份、硅烷偶联剂3-4份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,其特征在于:所述纳米二氧化钛为用硝酸银改性得到的改性纳米二氧化钛,其中纳米二氧化钛和硝酸银的重量比为1:(1.5-2)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,其特征在于:所述聚氨酯和锦纶混纺面料中聚酯纤维和锦纶的重量比为1:(2-3)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,其特征在于:所述纳米过滤层的厚度为0.4-0.6mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,其特征在于:所述外层材料的厚度为0.5-0.8mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料,其特征在于:所述内层材料的厚度为0.8-1mm。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
基材面料的制备:将对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、聚酰胺熔融后采用静电纺丝技术制备静电纺丝纤维,再通过纺织技术将静电纺丝纤维纺织成面料,得到基材面料;
二氧化钛溶液制备:将氧化石墨烯、纳米二氧化钛、硅烷偶联剂和水混配得到二氧化钛溶液,其中纳米二氧化钛和水的重量比为1:(2-5);
纳米过滤层的制备:将基材面料浸泡到二氧化钛溶液中,浸泡20-30h后,烘干得到纳米过滤层;
鞋帮材料贴合:将聚酯纤维和锦纶混纺面料下表面与纳米过滤层上表面贴合连接,纳米过滤层下表面与棉布下表面贴合连接得到鞋帮材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、聚酰胺熔融温度为250-270℃。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种防污、抑菌鞋帮材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述纳米过滤层的烘干温度为60-80℃,烘干时间为1-2h。
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