CN112931131B - Drought-resistant seedling-protecting forestation method for mountain land - Google Patents

Drought-resistant seedling-protecting forestation method for mountain land Download PDF

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CN112931131B
CN112931131B CN202110114532.8A CN202110114532A CN112931131B CN 112931131 B CN112931131 B CN 112931131B CN 202110114532 A CN202110114532 A CN 202110114532A CN 112931131 B CN112931131 B CN 112931131B
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seedling
seedlings
seedling raising
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CN112931131A (en
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彭祚登
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Beijing Forestry University
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Beijing Forestry University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method for mountain lands, comprising: selecting a temporary seedling raising land with a water source condition near a mountain land to be forested, cleaning the nursery land, applying a base fertilizer, simultaneously ploughing the land, raking the land, then making a bed, applying a disinfectant on the bed surface to disinfect soil for later use; selecting target tree seed to be cultivated, soaking the target tree seed, sterilizing and accelerating germination, and sowing and raising seedlings in a temporary seedling raising place by utilizing the target tree seed; constructing a seedling raising pond at a low relief position of a mountain area to be forested; preparing a seedling substrate, and pouring the seedling substrate into a seedling pool; providing enough seedling raising containers; after seedling raising, the seedlings produced in the temporary seedling raising places are put into a seedling conveying box and conveyed to a seedling raising pool; taking out seedlings from the seedling conveying box and putting the seedlings into a seedling raising container together with seedling raising matrixes in the seedling raising pool; arranging the filled seedling raising containers in a seedling raising pond to cultivate container seedlings; and selecting container seedlings from the seedling raising pool, and transplanting the container seedlings into planting holes of mountain lands to be forested, so that the forestation survival rate is effectively improved.

Description

Drought-resistant seedling-protecting forestation method for mountain land
Technical Field
The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of mountain afforestation, and in particular relates to a mountain drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method.
Background
In the traditional mountain planting and afforestation, the used seedlings are basically cultivated in nursery lands with better conditions, and the initial stage of the seedling afforestation cannot be well adapted to the environment of the afforestation land, so that the survival of the afforestation and the growth of saplings are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method for mountainous regions.
The present disclosure provides a mountain drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method, the method comprising:
selecting temporary seedling raising lands with water source conditions near the mountain land to be forested;
the temporary seedling raising land is subjected to nursery cleaning, base fertilizer application, ploughing and turning while the base fertilizer is applied, the temporary seedling raising land is raked up and then is used as a bed, and a disinfectant is applied to the bed surface to disinfect soil for later use;
selecting target tree seed to be cultivated, soaking the target tree seed, sterilizing and accelerating germination, and then sowing and raising seedlings in the temporary seedling raising place by utilizing the target tree seed;
building a seedling raising pool at a low relief position of the mountain land to be forested, wherein a water collecting slope is arranged in front of the seedling raising pool;
preparing a seedling substrate, and pouring the seedling substrate into the seedling pool;
providing a plurality of seedling raising containers, wherein the seedling raising containers are provided with a plurality of ventilation holes and water seepage holes;
loading the seedlings generated in the temporary seedling raising places into a seedling transporting box after raising the seedlings, and transporting the seedlings to planting places;
taking out seedlings from the seedling conveying box and filling the seedlings into the seedling raising container together with seedling raising matrixes in the seedling raising pool;
arranging the filled seedling raising containers in the seedling raising pool respectively, and culturing for a preset time;
selecting a target seedling raising container from the seedling raising pool, and transplanting the seedlings in the target seedling raising container to the mountain to be forested.
In some embodiments, the applying a base fertilizer comprises:
taking the decomposed farmyard manure as the main material, the application amount is 270kg/667m 2 ～600kg/667m 2 Mixed with 2kg/667m 2 ～4kg/667m 2 And superphosphate.
In some embodiments, the applying the disinfectant to the bed surface for use after the soil is disinfected, comprising:
adopting ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with concentration of 1-3% to 4.0kg/m 2 ～5.0kg/m 2 4g/m of carbaryl powder 2 ～6g/m 2 Uniformly sprinkling on the bed surface to disinfect the soil for later use.
In some embodiments, the catchment slope level is greater than the nursery pond width, and the catchment slope length is equal to the nursery pond length.
In some embodiments, the preparing a seedling substrate comprises:
planing mountain turfs with residues of organic matters in 5-15 cm of the ground surface, removing gravels and grass-filling coarse roots, and carrying out soil removal according to each m 3 Uniformly mixing 1kg of diammonium phosphate serving as the seedling substrate with turfgrass soil.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the aeration and water penetration holes ranges from 3mm to 5mm.
In some embodiments, the loading the seedlings generated in the temporary seedling raising place into the seedling transporting box after the seedlings are raised, comprising:
when the seedlings are lifted, the humidity of soil in the nursery is kept at 50% -70% of the saturated water content, so that root systems of the seedlings are not damaged when the seedlings are lifted;
and after the seedlings are lifted out, the whole roots are immersed in the prepared slurry, and then the seedlings are put into the seedling conveying box and conveyed to planting sites.
In some embodiments, the removing seedlings from the seedling box and loading the seedlings into the seedling container together with the seedling substrate in the seedling pool comprises:
taking out the seedlings from the seedling transporting box, selecting seedlings to repair roots for the seedlings ready for immediate bagging, removing waste seedlings, weak seedlings and multi-head seedlings, selecting strong seedlings with root systems of a certain length, and pruning the root systems to keep the root lengths 10-15 cm;
and filling the trimmed seedlings and the seedling culture matrix in the seedling culture pond into the seedling culture container, lifting and suspending the single seedlings into the center of the seedling culture container when filling, so that the root system of the seedlings is stretched, filling soil to a position 2cm above the junction of the rhizomes of the seedlings, and squatting to tightly joint the root system with soil.
In some embodiments, the arranging the filled seedling containers in the seedling pool includes:
the seedling raising containers are vertically and staggered in the seedling raising pool, and the upper opening of each seedling raising container is 3-5 cm away from the upper edge of the seedling raising pool.
In some embodiments, the predetermined time period is in the range of 0.5 years to 1 year.
The drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method for mountain land disclosed by the invention starts from improving the stress resistance of afforestation seedlings, and is used for cultivating transplanting container seedlings by collecting natural rainfall for irrigation under the condition of no irrigation nearby the mountain area afforestation sites, and then the afforestation method is used for nearby separate planting, so that the problems that the survival rate of afforestation is improved and the initial adaptability of newly-built seedlings is poor and the growth is influenced under the condition of drought barren lands are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a mountain drought-resistant seedling-protecting forestation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water collection seedling system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a seedling raising container according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a water-collecting seedling raising effect according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a mountain drought-resistant seedling-protecting forestation method S100, where the method S100 includes:
s110, selecting temporary seedling raising lands with water source conditions near the mountain land to be forested.
Specifically, in the step, a temporary seedling raising land with water source conditions is selected near a mountain area to be forested, the required topography is relatively flat, the soil layer thickness can be more than 40cm, the cultivated land or the reclaimed land with wind prevention and sun exposure can be realized, and the area is determined according to the seedling raising amount.
S120, cleaning the nursery field of the temporary seedling raising field, applying a base fertilizer, ploughing the field while applying the base fertilizer, raking the temporary seedling raising field to be flat, then making a bed, and applying a disinfectant on the bed surface to disinfect soil for later use.
Specifically, in the step, nursery cleaning is carried out on the selected seedling raising lands, and the residual stubble, gravel and the like of the grass are removed. However, applying base fertilizer, mainly applying decomposed farmyard manure, the application amount being 270kg/667m 2 ～600kg/667m 2 Mixed with 2kg/667m 2 ～4kg/667m 2 And superphosphate. At the same time of fertilizing, the soil is immediately ploughed (the area is not large, and the labor is only needed). Raking the ground and then making a bed, wherein 4.0kg/m of ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with the concentration of 1-3 percent is adopted 2 ～5.0kg/m 2 4g/m of carbaryl powder 2 ～6g/m 2 Uniformly sprinkling on the bed surface to disinfect the soil for later use.
S130, selecting target tree seeds to be cultivated, soaking the target tree seeds, sterilizing and accelerating germination, and then sowing and raising seedlings on the temporary seedling raising places by utilizing the target tree seeds.
Specifically, in the step, excellent tree seeds collected in the current year or last year can be selected, seed soaking, disinfection and germination accelerating treatment are carried out before sowing, and 10% -20% of tree seeds are cracked in the outer seed coats, and the germs can be sowed after germination. Seedling cultivation is carried out after spring sowing, and the seedling cultivation can be used for mountain transplanting after 1 year.
S140, constructing a seedling raising pool at the low relief position of the mountain land to be forested, wherein a catchment slope is arranged in front of the seedling raising pool.
Specifically, in this step, in the same year rainy season of seeding and raising seedlings, the lower part of the mountain region of the planned forestation is selected, the slope is less than 45 degrees, the slope is complete and wide, a seedling raising pond with the depth of 40cm and the width of 60cm and capable of collecting water is built along a contour line at a wind shelter, the water level of the water collecting slope is greater than the width of the seedling raising pond, and the length of the water collecting slope is equal to the length of the seedling raising pond. For example, the catchment slope level can be twice the width of the seedling raising pool, and the length is equal to the length of the seedling raising pool, so that the aim of effectively catchment is achieved, the ground breaking range can be reduced, and the water and soil loss is not caused. The length of the seedling raising pool is determined according to the number of seedlings in the cultivating container, namely the number of forestation plants to be met, and the forms and specifications of the seedling raising pool and the water collecting surface are shown in figure 2.
S150, preparing a seedling substrate, and pouring the seedling substrate into the seedling pool.
Specifically, in this step, a seedling substrate is prepared while digging the entire seedling pool. The seedling substrate manufacturing method comprises the following steps: planing mountain turfs with residues of organic matters in 5-15 cm of the ground surface, removing gravels and grass-filling coarse roots, and carrying out soil removal according to each m 3 Uniformly mixing 1kg of diammonium phosphate serving as the seedling substrate with turfgrass soil. Pouring the prepared seedling substrate into a dug seedling raising pool, and filling container seedlings in the next year.
S160, providing a plurality of seedling raising containers, wherein the seedling raising containers are provided with a plurality of ventilation holes and water seepage holes.
Specifically, in this step, a single-cup rigid plastic container with a proper specification can be selected according to the size of the seedlings, the size of the container is determined according to the cultivated tree species and the ages of the seedlings, the container is hexagonal in shape, ventilation and water seepage holes are formed in the side and bottom of the container, and the aperture is 3-5 mm, as shown in fig. 3. Of course, other seedling raising containers may be selected according to actual needs by those skilled in the art, and this embodiment is not limited thereto.
S170, lifting the seedlings generated in the temporary seedling raising area, loading the seedlings into a seedling conveying box, and conveying the seedlings to planting places.
Specifically, in the step, the humidity of soil in a nursery is required to be kept at 50% -70% of the saturated water content during seedling emergence, so that root systems of the seedlings are not damaged during seedling emergence. And after the seedlings are lifted out, the whole roots are immersed in the prepared slurry, and then the seedlings are put into the seedling conveying box and conveyed to planting sites.
S180, taking out the seedlings from the seedling transporting box and filling the seedlings into the seedling culturing container together with the seedling culturing matrix in the seedling culturing pool.
Specifically, in the step, seedlings are taken out from the seedling transporting box, the seedlings can be completely filled in the container within 1 hour after each seedling transporting, and the seedlings are filled with one plant to be taken out when the seedlings are filled as soon as possible. Selecting and trimming the seedlings to be immediately bagged, removing waste seedlings, weak seedlings and multi-head seedlings, selecting strong seedlings with root systems with certain lengths, and trimming the root systems, wherein the root systems are required to be reserved for 10-15 cm long. And filling the trimmed seedlings and the seedling culture matrix in the seedling culture pond into the seedling culture container, lifting and suspending the single seedlings into the center of the seedling culture container when filling, so that the root system of the seedlings is stretched, filling soil to a position 2cm above the junction of the rhizomes of the seedlings, and squatting to tightly joint the root system with soil. And the seedlings which cannot be immediately filled into the container are not moved out of the seedling conveying box in the seedling filling process. If the seedlings have to be taken out of the seedling transporting box and can not be immediately filled into the container temporarily, the root systems of the seedlings are buried with moist soil.
S190, respectively arranging the filled seedling raising containers in the seedling raising tanks, and culturing for a preset time.
Specifically, in the step, the container seedlings which are transferred and assembled are immediately placed in a seedling raising pool with the flattened bottom, the seedling raising containers are required to be arranged vertically and in a staggered mode, and the upper opening of the seedling raising container is 3-5 cm away from the upper edge of the seedling raising pool. The containers are closely arranged, no gaps should be left, and soil is needed to fill the gaps. A schematic of the seedling pool after the container seedlings are placed is shown in figure 4.
In mountainous areas with scarce rainfall and drought and windy days in spring, the seedling substrate is lower than the saturated water content of 50% when the seedlings are transplanted, and the container seedlings should be immediately watered once and permeated with water until the bottom of the container is reached. Later, timely weeding should be noted. The seedlings can be planted separately for forestation after being cultivated in mountain areas for 0.5 to 1 year according to the specific conditions.
S200, selecting a target seedling raising container from the seedling raising pool, and transplanting the seedlings in the target seedling raising container to the mountain to be forested.
Specifically, in the step, the container is taken down and recovered before planting the seedlings by digging holes and planting during forestation. If the seedlings need to live through winter in a seedling raising pool, cold-proof measures are adopted, and shrub branches, straws, weeds and the like can be selected for covering on the spot. After the seedlings are lifted out and the planned afforestation task is completed, the seedling pool is changed into a afforestation hole for tree planting.
According to the drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method for the mountain land, from the viewpoint of improving the stress resistance of afforestation seedlings, natural rainfall is collected to be used for irrigation in the vicinity of the mountain area afforestation sites to cultivate transplanting container seedlings, and then the method for afforestation is carried out in a near-to-near mode, so that the problems that the survival rate of afforestation is improved and the initial adaptability of new seedlings is poor and growth is affected under the drought barren site condition are solved.
According to the drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method for the mountain land, before afforestation, the types of the seedlings for afforestation are changed to improve the stress resistance of the seedlings for afforestation, and the survivability of the seedlings under the condition of adapting to dry and barren lands is furthest improved. In arid rocky mountain land with sparse vegetation, the soil layer is barren, the precipitation is less, the forest vegetation is difficult to recover, and in addition, in some remote mountain areas, the seedling with soil lump is difficult to transport, the method is used for intensively cultivating bare root seedlings, and the problem of very low survival rate of forestation in the areas can be effectively solved by using a surface runoff, transplanting cultivation container seedlings in-situ fractional planting forestation method. The method has the advantages that the seedlings are grown nearby in a forestation site, the forestation is carried out nearby, the environment of the forestation site can be adapted to the seedlings as soon as possible, the seedling recovery period after the seedlings are transplanted is greatly shortened, the seedlings can grow faster in the early stage of forestation, and meanwhile, the economic cost and the seedling loss caused by long-distance transportation of the seedlings are saved.
The following describes, in several examples, the effects of the drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method applied to the mountain land of the present disclosure:
example 1:
survival and growth of bare root seedlings cultivated directly in 1-0.5-arborvitae container seedlings cultivated by the method and 1.5-0 arborvitae nursery in the area A after forestation in rainy season are compared, and the results are shown in the table below. In the forestation, horizontal strips are adopted for soil preparation on the sunny slope, one plant is cut in each horizontal strip, and from the table, the forestation is carried out on the sunny slope of the biota orientalis in the rainy season of 1.5 years, the overwintering survival rate is 90.7% higher than that of the sunny slope of the biota orientalis in the rainy season of 0.5 year, and is 31.0%. The survival rate of the bare root seedlings is 30.5% higher after spring drought, the preservation rate of the bare root seedlings can reach 79.3% after 2 years of forestation, the bare root seedlings are successfully planted after being planted with the forestation, the bare root seedlings are reduced to 34.5%, the forestation is unsuccessful, the bare root seedlings need to be rebuilt, and the bare root seedlings also have the characteristic of faster initial growth from the aspect of growth quantity of the height diameter.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002917033470000071
Example 2:
and (3) comparing the forestation effects of different types of seedlings of the 2-year-old Chinese pine by utilizing the abandoned land in the mining area B, wherein the forestation land is a sunny slope of a stone mountain, the elevation is 900m, and the soil layer thickness is 30-40 cm. The results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002917033470000072
Figure BDA0002917033470000081
Example 3:
and (3) comparing the forestation effects of different types of seedlings of the 2-year-old biota orientalis by utilizing abandoned lands in the mining area B, wherein the forestation lands are mountain sunny slopes of stone mountains, the elevation is 800m, and the soil layer thickness is 12-25 cm. After 1 year, the forestation preservation rate and the growth condition were checked, and the results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
Figure BDA0002917033470000082
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments employed to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the disclosure, and are also considered to be within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims (4)

1. The drought-resistant seedling-protecting afforestation method for the mountain land is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
selecting temporary seedling raising lands with water source conditions near the mountain land to be forested;
the temporary seedling raising land is subjected to nursery cleaning, base fertilizer application, ploughing and turning while the base fertilizer is applied, the temporary seedling raising land is raked up and then is used as a bed, and a disinfectant is applied to the bed surface to disinfect soil for later use;
selecting target tree seed to be cultivated, soaking the target tree seed, sterilizing and accelerating germination, and then sowing and raising seedlings in the temporary seedling raising place by utilizing the target tree seed;
building a seedling raising pool at a low relief position of the mountain land to be forested, wherein a water collecting slope is arranged in front of the seedling raising pool; constructing a seedling raising pond with the depth of 40cm and the width of 60cm along the contour line at the wind-avoiding position with complete and wide slope surface; the catchment slope water level is larger than the width of the seedling raising pool, and the catchment slope length is equal to the seedling raising pool length;
preparing a seedling substrate, and pouring the seedling substrate into the seedling pool, wherein the seedling pool specifically comprises the following steps: planing mountain turfs with residues of organic matters in 5-15 cm of the ground surface, removing gravels and grass-filling coarse roots, and carrying out soil removal according to each m 3 Uniformly mixing 1kg of diammonium phosphate serving as the seedling substrate with turfgrass soil;
providing a plurality of seedling raising containers, wherein a plurality of ventilation holes and water seepage holes are formed in the side or bottom of each seedling raising container; the diameter range of the ventilation and water seepage holes is 3 mm-5 mm;
loading the seedlings generated in the temporary seedling raising place into a seedling transporting box after raising the seedlings, and transporting the seedlings to planting places, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of: when the seedlings are lifted, the humidity of soil in the nursery is kept at 50% -70% of the saturated water content, so that root systems of the seedlings are not damaged when the seedlings are lifted; after the seedlings are lifted out, the whole root is immersed in the prepared slurry, and then the slurry is filled into the seedling conveying box and conveyed to a planting site;
taking out seedlings from the seedling conveying box and filling the seedlings into the seedling raising container together with seedling raising matrixes in the seedling raising pool;
arranging the filled seedling raising containers in the seedling raising pool respectively, and culturing for a preset time, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of: the filled seedling raising containers are vertically and misplaced in the seedling raising pool respectively, and the upper opening of the seedling raising container is 3-5 cm away from the upper edge of the seedling raising pool, and the seedling raising containers are cultivated for 0.5-1 year;
selecting a target seedling raising container from the seedling raising pool, and transplanting the seedlings in the target seedling raising container to the mountain to be forested.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the applying of the base fertilizer,
comprising the following steps:
taking the decomposed farmyard manure as the main material, the application amount is 270kg/667m 2 ～600kg/667m 2 Mixed with 2kg/667m 2 ～4kg/667m 2 And superphosphate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the applying the disinfectant to the bed surface for use after the soil is disinfected comprises:
adopting ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with concentration of 1-3% to 4.0kg/m 2 ～5.0kg/m 2 4g/m of carbaryl powder 2 ～6g/m 2 Uniformly sprinkling on the bed surface to disinfect the soil for later use.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein removing seedlings from the seedling box and loading them into the seedling container together with the seedling substrate in the seedling pool comprises:
taking out the seedlings from the seedling transporting box, selecting seedlings to repair roots for the seedlings ready for immediate bagging, removing waste seedlings, weak seedlings and multi-head seedlings, selecting strong seedlings with root systems of a certain length, and pruning the root systems to keep the root lengths 10-15 cm;
and filling the trimmed seedlings and the seedling culture matrix in the seedling culture pond into the seedling culture container, lifting and suspending the single seedlings into the center of the seedling culture container when filling, so that the root system of the seedlings is stretched, filling soil to a position 2cm above the junction of the rhizomes of the seedlings, and squatting to tightly joint the root system with soil.
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CN1820578A (en) * 2005-12-31 2006-08-23 兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部 Method for anti-drought afforestation by collecting water, preserving water and supplementing water
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