CN112918460A - 混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112918460A
CN112918460A CN202010512080.4A CN202010512080A CN112918460A CN 112918460 A CN112918460 A CN 112918460A CN 202010512080 A CN202010512080 A CN 202010512080A CN 112918460 A CN112918460 A CN 112918460A
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China
Prior art keywords
electric supercharger
intake
electric
supplied
engine
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Granted
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CN202010512080.4A
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CN112918460B (zh
Inventor
徐范周
韩东熙
赵镇国
李官熙
罗承赞
朴泳燮
朴智贤
洪承祐
崔榕珏
姜贤珍
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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Publication of CN112918460A publication Critical patent/CN112918460A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

一种混合动力车辆，可包括：发动机；驱动电动机，辅助发动机的驱动转矩；发动机离合器，选择性地在发动机与驱动电动机之间传递动力；第一进气阀，布置在第一进气管线中；第二进气阀，布置在第二进气管线中；第一电动增压器，布置在第一进气管线中；第二电动增压器，布置在第二进气管线中；连接阀，布置在用于连接第一进气管线与第二进气管线的连接管线中；以及控制器，基于由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器中的每一个供应的进气的压力比和流速，确定第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器的多个操作模式中的操作模式。

Description

混合动力车辆
相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2019年12月5日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2019-0161026号的优先权和权益，其全部内容通过引用结合于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及混合动力车辆。更具体地，本公开涉及能够实现高压缩比发动机并且提高电动增压器的驱动效率的混合动力车辆。
背景技术
该部分中的陈述仅提供与本公开内容相关的背景信息并且可能不构成现有技术。
混合动力车辆是使用两个或两个以上动力源的车辆，并且通常是指使用发动机和电动机驱动的混合动力电动车辆。混合动力电动车辆可使用包括发动机和电动机的两个或两个以上动力源来形成各种结构。
应用于混合动力车辆的发动机适当地混合空气和燃料并且通过燃烧混合气体产生驱动动力，并且如果需要，电动机辅助发动机的动力。
为了获得期望的输出动力和燃烧效率，应当向发动机供应充足的空气。为此，使用涡轮增压器来提高燃烧效率并向发动机供应充足的空气。
通常，涡轮增压器的涡轮通过从发动机排出的废气的压力而旋转，涡轮增压器的压缩机压缩从外部流入的新鲜空气，并且压缩空气被供应至发动机的气缸。涡轮增压器已被应用于大多数柴油发动机，并且最近已被应用于汽油发动机。
作为另一实例，存在一种使用由电动机操作的压缩机来压缩外部空气的电动增压器。由于电动增压器由电动机操作，所以几乎没有涡轮迟滞。电动增压器主要在低速和低负荷区域向气缸供应压缩空气。
我们已经发现，通过废气操作的涡轮增压器(在下文中称为“机械涡轮增压器”)具有低响应性，并且由于高背压，在实现具有高压缩比的发动机方面存在问题。此外，由于涡轮增压器暴露于高温废气(即，700摄氏度)，所以涡轮增压器的外周部分的设计成本增加。
另外，由于电动增压器的电动机输出受限，所以通过电动增压器升压的区域限于低速和中速区域。此外，期望使用电能来操作电动增压器，并且发动机的压缩功由于电动增压器的容量而受限。
在该背景技术部分中公开的上述信息仅用于增进对本公开背景技术的理解，因此其可包括未形成该国本领域的普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开提供混合动力车辆，其能够通过利用电动增压器提高混合动力车辆的动力性能并且能够提高中负荷和高负荷区域中的燃料效率。
在本公开的一种形式中，混合动力车辆可包括：发动机，包括通过燃烧燃料产生驱动转矩的多个气缸；驱动电动机，通过从电池供应的电能产生驱动转矩并且辅助发动机的驱动转矩；发动机离合器，布置在发动机与驱动电动机之间，并且被配置为选择性地将发动机连接至驱动电动机；第一进气阀，布置在第一进气管线中，供应至燃烧室的进气在该第一进气管线中流动；第二进气阀，布置在第二进气管线中，供应至燃烧室的进气在该第二进气管线中流动；第一电动增压器，布置在第一进气管线中；第二电动增压器，布置在第二进气管线中；连接阀，布置在用于连接第一进气管线和第二进气管线的连接管线中；以及控制器，基于由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器中的每一个供应的进气的压力比和流速，确定第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器的多个操作模式中的操作模式。
多个操作模式可包括单一模式、串行模式或并行模式。具体地，单一模式可以是由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器中的一个压缩的进气被供应至燃烧室的模式，串行模式可以是进气由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器串行压缩的进气被供应至燃烧室的模式，并且并行模式可以是分别由第一电动增压器和由第二电动增压器并行压缩的进气被供应至燃烧室的模式。
控制器可在由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器中之一供应的进气的压力比不满足使发动机在最佳效率操作区域内运行的燃烧室中的增压压力时，控制第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器以串行模式操作。
控制器可在由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器中之一供应的进气的流速不满足使发动机在最佳效率操作区域内运行的进气进入燃烧室的流速时，控制第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器以并行模式操作。
在单一模式中，控制器可控制第二进气阀和连接阀关闭，第二电动增压器停止，第一进气阀打开以及第一电动增压器操作，使得由第一电动增压器压缩的进气被供应至燃烧室，或者控制器可控制第一进气阀和连接阀关闭，第一电动增压器停止，第二进气阀打开以及第二电动增压器操作，使得由第二电动增压器压缩的进气被供应至燃烧室。
在串行模式中，控制器可控制第一进气阀和第二进气阀关闭，连接阀打开，并且第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器操作，使得由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器双重压缩的进气被供应至燃烧室。
在并行模式中，控制器可控制连接阀关闭，第一进气阀和第二进气阀打开，并且第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器操作，使得由第一电动增压器和第二电动增压器中的每一个压缩的进气被分别供应至燃烧室。
第一进气阀可布置在第一电动增压器的下游部分，并且第二进气阀可布置在第二电动增压器的上游部分。
根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆可进一步包括主中冷器，该主中冷器布置在第一进气管线和第二进气管线合并的主进气管线中。
根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆可进一步包括布置在连接管线中的补充中冷器(complementary intercooler)。
根据本公开的示例性形式，新发动机应用于混合动力车辆，该新发动机设置有向发动机供应外部空气的两个进气管线并且在每个进气管线处安装有电动增压器，这样可实现高压缩比，并且可通过将新发动机***应用于混合动力车辆来提高控制响应性。
此外，通过使用用于混合动力车辆的新理念的增压***，能够提高混合动力车辆的发动机输出，并且能够提高中负荷区域和高负荷区域中的燃料效率。
根据本文提供的描述，其他领域的适用性将变得明显。应当理解的是，描述和具体实例仅旨在用于说明的目的，而并非旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
为了可充分理解本公开，现在将参考附图通过实例描述本公开的各种形式，在附图中：
图1是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆的示意图；
图2是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的应用于混合动力车辆的发动机***的示意图；
图3是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆的框图；
图4是示出在本公开的一种形式中应用于混合动力车辆的发动机***以单一模式操作的示意图；
图5是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的应用于混合动力车辆的发动机***以串行模式操作的示意图；
图6是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的应用于混合动力车辆的发动机***以并行模式操作的示意图；
图7是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的控制混合动力车辆的方法的流程图；
图8是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的应用于混合动力车辆的发动机***的操作区域的曲线图；以及
图9和图10是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的电动增压器的操作点的曲线图。
本文描述的附图仅用于示意性目的，而并非旨在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
具体实施方式
以下说明在本质上仅是示例性的并且并非旨在限制本公开、应用、或用途。应理解，贯穿附图，相应的附图标记表示相同或相应的部件和特征。
在下文中，将参考附图更全面地描述本公开，在附图中示出了本公开的示例性形式。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，在不背离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，可以以各种不同的方式来修改所描述的形式。
在描述本公开时，将省略与描述无关的部件。
此外，为了更好地理解和便于描述，附图中示出的每个配置的尺寸和厚度被任意地示出，但是本公开不限于此。在附图中，为了清楚起见，放大了层、膜、面板、区域等的厚度。
在本文中，将参考附图详细地描述根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆。
图1是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆的示意图。图2是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的应用于混合动力车辆的发动机***的示意图。以及图3是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆的框图。
如图1所示，根据本公开的示例性形式的混合动力车辆是使用两个或两个以上动力源的车辆，并且指的是使用发动机和电动机驱动的混合动力电动车辆。
混合动力车辆使用TMED(安装变速器的电气装置)型动力传动系，在该传动系中，驱动电动机110、变速器130和驱动轴串联连接。
发动机可包括通过燃烧燃料产生驱动转矩的多个燃烧室。
驱动电动机110可通过从电池150供应的动力产生驱动转矩，并且辅助发动机输出。驱动电动机110可选择性地作为发电机操作，并且对电池150充电。
此外，发动机离合器120布置在发动机与电动机之间，并且取决于发动机离合器是否啮合，混合动力电动车辆以电动车辆(EV)模式或混合动力电动车辆(HEV)模式驱动。
当进一步细分混合动力车辆的驱动模式时，混合动力车辆的驱动模式可被分为HEV模式、EV模式和充电模式。
HEV模式是通过驱动电动机和发动机的驱动转矩而驱动车辆的模式。在这种情况下，发动机与驱动电动机110之间的发动机离合器啮合，并且车辆由驱动电动机和发动机的驱动转矩而驱动。
EV模式是车辆仅由驱动电动机的驱动转矩驱动的模式。在这种情况下，发动机与驱动电动机110之间的发动机离合器分离并且发动机的操作停止，并且车辆仅由驱动电动机的驱动转矩驱动。
充电模式是车辆仅由驱动电动机的驱动转矩驱动的模式。同时，发动机保持空转状态，并且通过集成式启动器-发电机(ISG)16对电池150充电。严格地说，充电模式是EV模式的一种。
集成式启动器-发电机(ISG)可启动发动机，并且可通过选择性地作为发电机操作来对电池150充电。
参考图2，进气穿过多个进气管线被供应至发动机10的气缸11，并且从气缸11排出的废气通过排气歧管17和排气管线排出至外部。在这种情况下，催化转换器70布置在排气管线中。
多个进气管线包括第一进气管线20和第二进气管线30，供应至气缸11的外部空气在进气管线中流动。然而，这不是限制性的。
连接第一进气管线20与第二进气管线30的连接管线40布置在第一进气管线20与第二进气管线30之间。即，连接管线40从第一进气管线20分支并且合并至第二进气管线30。
分别布置在第一进气管线20和第二进气管线30中的电动增压器25、35用于向气缸供应压缩空气。另外，电动增压器包括电动机和电动压缩机。电动压缩机由电动机操作并且压缩进气，并且压缩的进气被供应至气缸11。
第一进气阀27布置在第一进气管线20中。第一进气阀27可布置在布置于第一进气管线20中的第一电动增压器25的下游部分中。通过第一进气阀27的打开来调节通过第一进气管线20供应的进气量。
第二进气阀37布置在第二进气管线30中。第二进气阀37可布置在布置于第二进气管线30中的第二电动增压器35的上游部分中。通过第二进气阀37的打开来调节通过第二进气管线30供应的进气量。
第一进气管线20和第二进气管线30合并至主进气管线50，并且主中冷器54布置在主进气管线50中。由电动增压器压缩的增压空气由主中冷器54冷却。
连接阀47布置在连接管线40中。补充中冷器43可布置在连接管线40中。由第一电动增压器25压缩的增压空气由补充中冷器43冷却。
用于过滤外部空气的空气净化器52布置在第一进气管线20和第二进气管线30的入口处。
通过第一进气管线20和第二进气管线30流入的外部空气通过进气歧管13供应至气缸11。节气门(throttle valve)15布置在进气歧管13中，并且调节供应至气缸11的空气量。
根据本公开的示例性形式的发动机***还可包括：驱动信息检测器80，检测车辆的驱动信息；以及控制器90，基于驱动信息，控制发动机、驱动电动机110、发动机离合器、ISG、第一进气阀27、第二进气阀37、连接阀47、第一电动增压器25、第二电动增压器35和节气门15的操作。
驱动信息检测器80检测包括发动机转矩、发动机转速和驱动器的期望转矩的驱动信息。驱动信息被传输至控制器90。
控制器90可设置为通过预定程序操作的至少一个处理器，并且预定程序执行根据本公开的示例性形式的用于控制混合动力车辆的方法的每个步骤。
控制器90基于由驱动信息检测器80检测的驱动信息确定发动机的驱动区域，并且基于发动机的驱动区域控制电动增压器以单一模式、串行模式或并行模式操作。
单一模式是由多个电动增压器中的一个电动增压器压缩的进气被供应至气缸11的模式。参见图4，在单一模式中，控制器90控制第二进气阀37和连接阀47关闭，第二电动增压器35停止，第一进气阀27打开且第一电动增压器25操作，使得进气被第一电动增压器25压缩并供应至气缸11。在另一种情况下，控制器90控制第一进气阀27和连接阀47关闭，第一电动增压器25停止，第二进气阀37打开，并且第二电动增压器35操作，使得进气被第二电动增压器35压缩并被供应至气缸11。
串行模式是进气被第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35双重压缩并被供应至气缸11的模式。即，进气被第一电动增压器25压缩，然后由第一电动增压器25压缩的进气另外被第二电动增压器35压缩。参见图5，在串行模式中，控制器90控制第一进气阀27和第二进气阀37关闭，连接阀47打开，并且第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35操作，使得进气被第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35压缩并被供应至气缸11。
并行模式是被第一电动增压器25压缩的进气和被第二电动增压器35压缩的进气分别被供应至气缸11的模式。参见图6，在并行模式下，控制器90控制连接阀47关闭，第一进气阀27和第二进气阀37打开，并且第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35操作，使得被第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35压缩的进气分别供应至气缸11。
在下文中，将参考附图详细地描述根据本公开的示例性形式的控制混合动力车辆的方法。
图7是示出根据本公开的示例性形式的控制混合动力车辆的方法的流程图。
如图7所示，在步骤S10中，驱动信息检测器80检测包括发动机转速和发动机转矩的驱动信息，并且由驱动信息检测器80检测的驱动信息被传输至控制器90。
在步骤S20中，控制器90基于由驱动信息检测器80检测的驱动信息确定发动机的操作区域。参见图8，发动机的操作区域可被划分为低速低负荷区域、低速高负荷区域、中速中负荷区域、中速高负荷区域、高速中负荷区域以及高速高负荷区域。
在步骤S30中，控制器90可基于发动机的操作区域，控制电动增压器25在最佳效率操作点(或最佳效率操作区域)中操作。在本文中，最佳效率操作点(或区域)是指相对于通过每个电动增压器的流速，每个电动增压器的压力比的效率为最大的操作点或区域。电动增压器在最佳效率操作点处的电能消耗变得最小。
即，控制器可确定电动增压器的操作模式，使得电动增压器的压力比位于最佳操作点。在这种情况下，当电动增压器的压力比在最佳操作点内时，通过电动增压器供应至燃烧室的进气的流速和增压压力被满足。
参见图9，当发动机的驱动区域是诸如低速低负荷区域、低速高负荷区域或中速高负荷区域的低流速区域(在下文中，将被称为“第一驱动区域”)时，可能发生如下情况：电动增压器满足供应至燃烧室的增压压力的压力比偏离最佳效率操作点(例如，1.4)。在这种情况下，当电动增压器以单一模式操作时，电动增压器偏离最佳效率操作点，从而劣化能量消耗效率。
然而，当电动增压器通过控制器以串行模式操作时，两个电动增压器可在供应至燃烧室的流速与单一模式中的流速相同的状态下，在最佳效率操作点内操作。在这种情况下，电动增压器中的每一个的压力比可以是大约1.18，并且由于进气被在最佳效率操作点中操作的两个电动增压器双重压缩(例如，进气被第一电动增压器压缩，然后压缩空气被第二电动增压器额外压缩)，所以能够满足压力比1.4(1.18*1.18)，并且满足进气的增压压力。因此，电动增压器在最佳效率操作点内操作，以提高能量效率。
在这种情况下，控制器90控制第一进气阀27和第二进气阀37关闭，连接阀47打开，并且第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35操作，使得由两个电动增压器压缩的空气被供应至燃烧室。
参考图9，当发动机的驱动区域是高速中负荷区域以及高速高负荷区域(在下文中，将被称为“第二驱动区域”)时，可能发生如下情况：电动增压器满足供应至燃烧室的进气流速的流速偏离最佳效率操作点(例如，0.09m2/s)。在这种情况下，当电动增压器以单一模式操作时，电动增压器偏离最佳效率操作点，从而劣化能量消耗效率。
然而，当电动增压器通过控制器以并行模式操作时，在电动增压器的压力比与单一模式相同的状态下，两个电动增压器可在最佳效率操作点内操作。在这种情况下，由电动增压器供应至燃烧室的流速可以是约0.045m2/s。由在最佳效率操作点中操作的两个电动增压器压缩的增压空气可满足供应至燃烧室的流速0.09m2/s(0.045m2/s+0.045m2/s)。因此，电动增压器在最佳效率操作点范围内操作，以提高能量效率。
在这种情况下，控制器90控制连接阀47关闭，第一进气阀27和第二进气阀37打开，并且第一电动增压器25和第二电动增压器35操作，使得通过两个电动增压器压缩的空气被供应至燃烧室。
当在最佳效率操作点范围内操作的一个电动增压器满足待供应至燃烧室的流速和增压时，控制器可控制电动增压器以单一模式操作。
虽然已经结合目前被视为实用的示例性形式描述了本公开，但应当理解，本公开不限于所公开的形式。相反，旨在覆盖包括在本公开的精神和范围内的各种修改和等同布置。
符号描述
10：发动机
11：燃烧室
13：进气歧管
15：节气门
16：集成式启动器-发电机
17：排气歧管
20：第一进气管线
25：第一电动增压器
27：第一进气阀
30：第二进气管线
35：第二电动增压器
37：第二进气阀
40：连接管线
43：补充中冷器
47：连接阀
50：主进气管线
52：空气净化器
54：主中冷器
70：催化转换器
80：驱动信息检测器
90：控制器
110：驱动电动机
130：变速器
150：电池。

Claims (11)

1.一种混合动力车辆，包括：
发动机，包括被配置为通过燃烧燃料来产生驱动转矩的多个气缸；
驱动电动机，被配置为使用从电池供应的电能产生驱动转矩并且辅助所述发动机的驱动转矩；
发动机离合器，布置在所述发动机与所述驱动电动机之间并且被配置为选择性地将所述发动机连接至所述驱动电动机；
第一进气阀，布置在第一进气管线中，供应至燃烧室的进气在所述第一进气管线中流动；
第二进气阀，布置在第二进气管线中，供应至所述燃烧室的进气在所述第二进气管线中流动；
第一电动增压器，布置在所述第一进气管线中；
第二电动增压器，布置在所述第二进气管线中；
连接阀，布置在连接管线中，所述连接管线用于将所述第一进气管线连接至所述第二进气管线；以及
控制器，基于由所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器中的每一个供应的所述进气的压力比和流速，确定所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器的多个操作模式中的操作模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆，其中，
所述多个操作模式包括单一模式、串行模式以及并行模式，并且
其中，
在所述单一模式中，由所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器中之一压缩的进气被供应至所述燃烧室，
在所述串行模式中，由所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器串行压缩的进气被供应至所述燃烧室，并且
在所述并行模式中，由所述第一电动增压器压缩的进气和由所述第二电动增压器压缩的进气分别被并行供应至所述燃烧室。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，
所述控制器被配置为在由所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器中之一供应的进气的所述压力比不满足使所述发动机在最佳效率操作区域内运行的所述燃烧室中的增压压力时，控制所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器以所述串行模式操作。
4.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，
所述控制器被配置为在由所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器中之一供应的进气的所述流速不满足使所述发动机在最佳效率操作区域内运行的所述进气进入所述燃烧室的流速时，控制所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器以所述并行模式操作。
5.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，在所述单一模式中，所述控制器被配置为：
关闭所述第二进气阀和所述连接阀，
停止所述第二电动增压器，
打开所述第一进气阀，以及
操作所述第一电动增压器，使得由所述第一电动增压器压缩的所述进气被供应至所述燃烧室。
6.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，在所述单一模式中，所述控制器被配置为：
关闭所述第一进气阀和所述连接阀，
停止所述第一电动增压器，
打开所述第二进气阀，以及
操作所述第二电动增压器，使得由所述第二电动增压器压缩的所述进气被供应至所述燃烧室。
7.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，在所述串行模式中，
所述控制器被配置为：
关闭所述第一进气阀和所述第二进气阀，
打开所述连接阀，以及
操作所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器，使得被所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器双重压缩的所述进气被供应至所述燃烧室。
8.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其中，在所述并行模式中，
所述控制器被配置为：
关闭所述连接阀，
打开所述第一进气阀和所述第二进气阀，以及
操作所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器，使得被所述第一电动增压器和所述第二电动增压器中的每一个压缩的所述进气被供应至所述燃烧室。
9.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆，其中，
所述第一进气阀布置在所述第一电动增压器的下游部分，并且
所述第二进气阀布置在所述第二电动增压器的上游部分。
10.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆，还包括：
主中冷器，布置在所述第一进气管线和所述第二进气管线合并的主进气管线中。
11.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆，还包括：
补充中冷器，布置在所述连接管线中。
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