CN112841132A

CN112841132A - Antibiotic-free live pig breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN112841132A
Application number: CN202110111035.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈奇华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-27
Filing date: 2021-01-27
Publication date: 2021-05-28

Abstract

The invention provides a non-antibiotic live pig breeding method, which comprises feeding management and daily environmental management, wherein 3 times of biological fermentation feed and drinking water containing probiotics are fed every day, and the environmental sanitation of a stall is ensured through the daily environmental management such as ventilation, padding laying and cleaning of the stall and the like of the stall, and the biological fermentation feed comprises 10-20 parts by weight of fast-expiration food, 20-30 parts by weight of sweet potato residue, 20-30 parts by weight of pumpkin, 15-20 parts by weight of paper mulberry, 20-30 parts by weight of sugarcane, 20-30 parts by weight of bean curd residue, 10-15 parts by weight of mushroom processing leftovers and 0.05-0.3 part by weight of zymophyte; the probiotics are added through a drinking water manifold and comprise bifidobacteria and saccharomycetes; the hurdle padding comprises corn stalks, pine needles and Chinese herbal medicines. The antibiotic-free live pig breeding method does not add any antibiotic, has low cost, and the obtained pork has good quality and excellent meat quality.

Description

Antibiotic-free live pig breeding method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of live pig breeding, in particular to a nonreactive live pig breeding method.

Background

Along with the development of large-scale and intensive culture, in order to ensure the health of livestock and poultry, antibiotics are used in large quantities for a long time, so that antibiotic residues, drug resistance and the like in food animals are brought, and the problems of food safety and public health safety are brought. In order to promote sustainable green development of the breeding industry, China begins to implement a quantitative reduction action scheme for the use of veterinary antibacterial drugs, and the use of veterinary antibiotic drugs is required to be reduced. The nonreactive cultivation becomes the subject of investigation and discussion of cultivation enterprises in recent years.

Antibiotic-free cultivation means that medicines such as antibiotics and hormones are not used in the cultivation process. Intensive culture has high culture density, the culture environment cannot be obviously improved, the incidence rate of epidemic diseases is high and serious, and the health of livestock and poultry cannot be guaranteed under the condition of not using antibiotic medicines, which also becomes the biggest obstacle of the culture industry. How to strengthen the management of the breeding environment, select a proper antibiotic alternative scheme and establish a perfect disease monitoring system is an increasingly concerned topic in the breeding industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an antibiotic-free live pig breeding method which does not add any antibiotic, improves the immunity of pigs by feeding biological fermentation feed, supplementing probiotics and improving the living environment of live pigs, and improves the quality of meat.

In order to achieve the aim, the antibiotic-free live pig breeding method comprises feeding management and daily environment management, wherein the feeding management comprises feeding of staple food of biological fermentation feed and drinking water containing probiotics for 3 times every day, and the daily environment management comprises ventilation and ventilation of a stall, padding laying and cleaning of the stall; the biological fermentation feed comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of fast-overdue food, 20-30 parts of sweet potato residues, 20-30 parts of pumpkins, 15-20 parts of broussonetia papyrifera, 20-30 parts of sugarcanes, 20-30 parts of bean curd residues, 10-15 parts of mushroom processing leftovers and 0.05-0.3 part of zymophyte; the probiotics are added through a drinking water manifold and comprise bifidobacteria and saccharomycetes; ventilating with an exhaust fan, wherein the ventilation is performed once every 1 hour in spring and autumn, each time is 30-40min, the ventilation is normally opened in summer, and once every 2 hours in winter, each time is 20-30 min; the litter for the pen comprises corn stalks, pine needles and Chinese herbal medicines.

Further, the fast overdue food is a fast overdue but not deteriorated processed food, and comprises one or more of bean curd, fish, meat and spicy strips.

Furthermore, the mushroom processing leftovers are leftovers of one or more of oyster mushroom, needle mushroom and pleurotus eryngii.

The fast overdue food is food which is about to expire but not deteriorated and is required to be disposed, is rich in nutrition and directly used as garbage to be disposed, so that resource waste is caused, and the processed fast overdue food is a good choice for feeding livestock and poultry, so that resources are saved. The sweet potato residue is a main byproduct of the sweet potato processing industry and contains a large amount of starch and crude fiber; the pumpkin is rich in polysaccharide, carotenoid, pectin and mineral elements, and can effectively improve the immune function of the organism, regulate the absorption rate of food in the stomach and the like; the content of the broussonetia papyrifera protein is up to 20-30%, and the broussonetia papyrifera protein is rich in amino acid, vitamin, carbohydrate, trace elements and other nutritional ingredients and has unique faint scent as a feed; the sugarcane contains rich sugar and water, also contains various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron and other substances which are very beneficial to metabolism, and has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, harmonizing stomach to arrest vomiting, nourishing yin to moisten dryness and the like; the bean curd residue is byproduct of bean milk or bean curd production process, and contains protein 3.0%, fat 0.5%, carbohydrate (cellulose, polysaccharide, etc.) 8.0%, and mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, etc.; the mushroom has rich nutritive value, contains protein, fat, saccharide, mineral elements, trace elements, amino acids, etc., and can improve immunity. Most of the raw materials of the fermented feed are processing leftovers, but the fermented feed has rich nutritional value and can greatly save the production cost.

Furthermore, the zymocyte is two or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and lactobacillus.

The fermented feed comprises the following processing steps:

1) sterilizing fast-overdue food at 100 deg.C for 2-4 hr, and naturally cooling to 30-50 deg.C;

2) crushing pumpkin and sugarcane by a crusher with a 10mm screen;

3) crushing the paper mulberry and mushroom processing leftovers by a crusher with a 5mm screen;

4) then pouring the sterilized overdue food in the step 1), the pumpkin and the sugarcane in the step 2), the broussonetia papyrifera and mushroom processing leftovers in the step 3), the sweet potato residues and the bean curd residues into a stirrer in proportion, adding zymophyte, uniformly mixing, transferring into a constant-temperature fermentation box, and fermenting for 6-10 hours at the temperature of 30-40 ℃;

5) putting the primary fermentation product obtained in the step 4) into a bag, sealing, and fermenting for 2-5 d.

Furthermore, the addition amount of the probiotics is 0.2-0.5%.

Further, the corn stalks, pine needles and Chinese herbal medicines are mixed according to the weight ratio of (300-.

Furthermore, the herbal medicines comprise 10-20 parts of wormwood, 5-10 parts of isatis root, 10-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 8-15 parts of garlic leaf, 5-10 parts of eucalyptus robusta, 10-15 parts of alternanthera philoxeroides, 10-20 parts of dandelion and 5-10 parts of plantain herb in parts by weight.

The Chinese herbal medicine has the characteristics that:

mugwort, perennial herb or slightly half-shrub, the plant has strong fragrance, bitter, pungent and warm nature, enters spleen, liver and kidney, and has the functions of warming channel, removing dampness, dispelling cold, stopping bleeding, diminishing inflammation, relieving asthma, relieving cough, preventing miscarriage, resisting allergy, etc.;

radix Isatidis, which is the dry root of Isatis indigotica of Brassicaceae, is cold in nature, slightly sweet in taste and bitter and astringent, and has effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, preventing common cold and relieving sore throat;

radix platycodi, perennial herb, the root of which can be used as medicine, has the functions of relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, dispersing lung, expelling pus and the like, and is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine;

the garlic leaves are green seedlings of garlic, and are warm in nature and pungent in taste; has effects of invigorating spleen qi, promoting digestion, and killing and inhibiting bacteria;

eucalyptus robusta and arbor with dense shade can dispel wind and reduce fever, inhibit bacteria and diminish inflammation, prevent corrosion and relieve itching;

the alligator alternanthera is a perennial herb, is sweet in nature and taste, cold in nature and bitter in taste, and has the effects of clearing heat and promoting diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying when being used as a medicine;

herba Taraxaci, which is dried whole plant of Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum alkanna or plants of the same genus of Compositae family, has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving swelling, resolving hard mass, inducing diuresis and treating stranguria;

plantago asiatica, a biennial or perennial herb, is sweet in taste and cold in nature, and has the effects of eliminating phlegm, relieving cough, relieving asthma and the like.

Further, the corn stalks and the pine needles are crushed by a crusher provided with a 10mm screen, the Chinese herbal medicines are crushed to 60-100 meshes, the laying thickness of the padding is 10-20cm, and the padding is replaced once within 10-15 days.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention feeds the biological fermentation feed without any antibiotic, so the taste is good and the absorption is strong; the intake of probiotics of pigs is further increased in drinking water, the environment of intestinal bacteria is improved, the absorption is promoted, and the immunity is enhanced; the pigsty is kept sanitary and air circulation through daily environmental management, the Chinese herbal medicines in the padding have the effects of resisting inflammation, sterilizing and the like, germs in the environment can be effectively killed, meanwhile, the padding containing the Chinese herbal medicines is used as arch material and chewing material when the pigs are leisure, germ infection can be effectively prevented after the padding is eaten in the body, and the capability of resisting germs of live pigs is enhanced.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly and completely describe the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further described in detail by the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used for explaining the invention, and are not used for limiting the invention, and various changes can be made within the scope defined by the claims of the invention.

Example 1

The antibiotic-free live pig breeding method provided by the embodiment adopts the following method:

1. and (3) biological fermentation feed treatment: adding 20 parts of dried bean curd and fish with quick expiration into a steamer, steaming at 100 deg.C for 4h, and naturally cooling to 30 deg.C; crushing 25 parts of pumpkin and 30 parts of sugarcane by using a crusher with a 10mm screen; crushing 15 parts of broussonetia papyrifera and 10 parts of mushroom processing leftovers by a crusher with a 5mm screen; pouring the treated material, 20 parts of sweet potato residue and 30 parts of bean curd residue into a stirrer in proportion, adding 0.1 part of fermentation bacteria containing bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and lactobacillus, uniformly mixing, and fermenting in a constant-temperature fermentation box at 30 ℃ for 10 hours; putting the primary fermented product into a bag, sealing, and fermenting for 3 d.

2. Feeding: feeding the biological fermented feed three times every day, and adding food materials according to the requirement; simultaneously, 0.3 percent of bifidobacterium and yeast are added into the drinking water.

3. Daily environmental management: pulverizing corn stalk and folium Pini with a pulverizer equipped with 10mm screen mesh, pulverizing Chinese herbal medicine to 60 mesh, mixing corn stalk, folium Pini and Chinese herbal medicine at a ratio of 500:60:3, uniformly spreading in a barn with a thickness of 10cm, and replacing once in 10 days. Ventilating with an exhaust fan, wherein the ventilation is performed once every 1 hour in spring and autumn, each time is 30min, the ventilation is normally opened in summer, and once every 2 hours in winter, each time is 20 min.

Example 2

1. and (3) biological fermentation feed treatment: adding 18 parts of dried bean curd and fish with quick expiration into a steamer, steaming at 100 deg.C for 3h, and naturally cooling to 40 deg.C; crushing 20 parts of pumpkin and 25 parts of sugarcane by using a crusher with a 10mm screen; crushing 18 parts of broussonetia papyrifera and 12 parts of mushroom processing leftovers by a crusher with a 5mm screen; pouring the treated material, 25 parts of sweet potato residue and 25 parts of bean curd residue into a stirrer in proportion, adding 0.2 part of fermentation bacteria containing bacillus licheniformis and lactobacillus, uniformly mixing, and fermenting in a constant-temperature fermentation box at 37 ℃ for 8 hours; putting the primary fermented product into a bag, sealing, and fermenting for 4 d.

2. Feeding: feeding the biological fermented feed three times every day, and adding food materials according to the requirement; simultaneously, 0.4 percent of bifidobacterium and yeast are added into the drinking water.

3. Daily environmental management: pulverizing corn stalk and folium Pini with a pulverizer equipped with 10mm screen mesh, pulverizing Chinese herbal medicine to 70 mesh, mixing corn stalk, folium Pini and Chinese herbal medicine at a ratio of 400:60:2, uniformly spreading in a barn with a thickness of 15cm, and replacing once in 12 d. Ventilating with an exhaust fan, wherein the ventilation is performed once every 1 hour in spring and autumn, 35min every time, the ventilation is normally opened in summer, and once every 2 hours in winter, 25min every time.

Example 3

1. and (3) biological fermentation feed treatment: adding 15 parts of quickly expired dried bean curd and fish into a steamer to be steamed and boiled for 2h at 100 ℃, and naturally cooling to 50 ℃; crushing 30 parts of pumpkin and 20 parts of sugarcane by using a crusher with a 10mm screen; crushing 20 parts of broussonetia papyrifera and 15 parts of mushroom processing leftovers by a crusher with a 5mm screen; pouring the treated materials, 30 parts of sweet potato residues and 20 parts of bean curd residues into a stirrer in proportion, adding 0.3 part of fermentation bacteria containing bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus, uniformly mixing, and fermenting for 6 hours at 40 ℃ in a constant-temperature fermentation box; putting the primary fermented product into a bag, sealing, and fermenting for 5 d.

2. Feeding: feeding the biological fermented feed three times every day, and adding food materials according to the requirement; simultaneously, 0.5 percent of bifidobacterium and yeast are added into drinking water.

3. Daily environmental management: pulverizing corn stalk and folium Pini with a pulverizer equipped with 10mm screen mesh, pulverizing Chinese herbal medicine to 80 mesh, mixing corn stalk, folium Pini and Chinese herbal medicine at a ratio of 350:70:1.5, uniformly spreading in a barn with a thickness of 20cm, and replacing once in 15 d. Ventilating with an exhaust fan, wherein the ventilation is performed once every 1 hour in spring and autumn, 40min every time, the ventilation is normally opened in summer, and once every 2 hours in winter, 30min every time.

Comparative example 1

1. Feeding: feeding for three times every day, adding food according to needs, wherein the food is commercially purchased pig feed and drinking tap water.

2. Daily management: the excrement and urine are cleaned regularly.

The test method comprises the following steps: 120 long white pigs of 30 days old with the same source, similar weight and good health condition are selected and randomly divided into a test group and a control group, the test period is 120 days, and the pigs are respectively cultured according to the embodiment mode.

And (3) test results: (Note: data detection method reference industry Standard method)

TABLE 1 daily food intake contrast table

TABLE 2 comparison of the disease conditions

Test examples	Death rate (%)
		Example 1	0
Example 2	0
		Example 3	0
Comparative example 1	6.67

As can be seen from tables 1-2, the daily feed intake of the live pigs fed by the breeding method is higher than that of the comparative example group in each stage, and the death and culling rate is lower than that of the comparative example group, which shows that the breeding method can effectively promote the feed intake and absorption of the pigs and reduce the morbidity.

TABLE 3 feed meat ratio comparison table

Test examples	Meat ratio of materials
		Example 1	2.45
Example 2	2.42
		Example 3	2.46
Comparative example 1	3.02

As can be seen from Table 3, the live pigs fed by the breeding method can effectively increase the daily gain and reduce the feed conversion ratio.

TABLE 4 meat quality control Table

Test examples	Flesh color (fen)	Water loss (%)	pH value	Intramuscular fat (%)
					Example 1	4.30	10.10	6.30	2.02
Example 2	4.34	10.05	6.35	2.05
					Example 3	4.32	10.08	6.33	2.03
Comparative example 1	3.40	16.42	6.25	1.68

As can be seen from Table 4, the live pigs fed by the method have influence on the quality indexes of fresh meat such as meat color, water loss rate, pH value and intramuscular fat, and can effectively improve the sense and flavor of meat quality and improve the quality of pork.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding antibiotic-free live pigs comprises feeding management and daily environment management, and is characterized in that the feeding management comprises feeding of staple food of biological fermentation feed and drinking water containing probiotics 3 times a day, and the daily environment management comprises ventilation of a stall, padding laying and cleaning of the stall;

the biological fermentation feed comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of fast-overdue food, 20-30 parts of sweet potato residues, 20-30 parts of pumpkins, 15-20 parts of broussonetia papyrifera, 20-30 parts of sugarcanes, 20-30 parts of bean curd residues, 10-15 parts of mushroom processing leftovers and 0.05-0.3 part of zymophyte;

the probiotics are added through a drinking water manifold and comprise bifidobacteria and saccharomycetes;

ventilating with an exhaust fan, wherein the ventilation is performed once every 1 hour in spring and autumn, each time is 30-40min, the ventilation is normally opened in summer, and once every 2 hours in winter, each time is 20-30 min;

the hurdle padding comprises corn stalks, pine needles and Chinese herbal medicines.

2. The antibiotic-free live pig breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the fast-expiration food is a fast-expiration but non-deteriorated processed food including one or more of bean curd, fish, meat, and spicy streaks.

3. The antibiotic-free pig breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom processing leftovers are leftovers from one or more of oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, needle mushroom and pleurotus eryngii.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermentation tubes are two or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and lactobacillus.

5. The antibiotic-free pig raising method according to claim 1, wherein the fermented feed is processed by the following steps:

2) crushing pumpkin and sugarcane by a crusher with a 10mm screen;

6. The antibiotic-free pig breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the probiotic is added in an amount of 0.2-0.5%.

7. The antibiotic-free pig breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the barn bedding comprises cornstalks, pine needles and Chinese herbs in a weight ratio of (300-.

8. The antibiotic-free live pig breeding method according to claim 7, wherein the Chinese herbal medicines comprise, by weight, 10-20 parts of wormwood, 5-10 parts of isatis root, 10-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 8-15 parts of garlic leaf, 5-10 parts of eucalyptus grandiflorum, 10-15 parts of alternanthera philoxeroides, 10-20 parts of dandelion, and 5-10 parts of plantain herb.

9. The antibiotic-free pig breeding method according to claim 8, wherein the corn stalks and the pine needles are crushed by a crusher equipped with a 10mm screen, and the Chinese herbal medicines are crushed to 60 to 100 meshes.

10. The antibiotic-free pig breeding method according to claim 9, wherein the bedding material is laid to a thickness of 10-20cm and is replaced once in 10-15 days.