CN112573530B - 含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112573530B
CN112573530B CN202011510422.5A CN202011510422A CN112573530B CN 112573530 B CN112573530 B CN 112573530B CN 202011510422 A CN202011510422 A CN 202011510422A CN 112573530 B CN112573530 B CN 112573530B
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sulfur
lithium battery
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negative electrode
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CN112573530A (zh
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毛健
王飞
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Sichuan University
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
    • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
    • C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
    • C01B17/0243—Other after-treatment of sulfur
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
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    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种含硫物质（S8，Na2S，K2S或CaS）活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法，旨在采用含硫物质对SiO2在高温下进行活化，使得活化的SiO2负极材料具有高的比容量，优异的倍率性能和良好的循环稳定性。制备方法包括：（1）将SiO2与含硫物质进行充分混合，得到混合物A；（2）将步骤（1）中制备的混合物A放入Ar气氛炉中煅烧，待炉温冷却至室温，即可得到含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料。该负极材料具有优异的锂离子储存性能；该方法制备工艺简单，易于工业化生产。

Description

含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纳米功能材料制备技领域，具体涉及一种含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法。
背景技术
二氧化硅（SiO2）具有较高的比容量（~ 1800 mA h g-1）、丰富的资源、低的工作电压、低的成本等优点，被认为是一种很有发展前景的锂离子电池负极材料。然而，该材料的电导率很低，并且在充放电过程中，该材料具有较大体积膨胀（~ 180%）。
对电极材料进行活化是提高比容量、降低锂离子迁移势垒、提高电导率和抑制结构变形的有效途径。
发明内容
本发明主要是通过使用含硫物质将SiO2进行活化，得到了具有优异锂离子储存性能的负极材料。
本发明的含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将1-3份（按质量份算）SiO2（比表面积大于10 m2/g）与10-30份（按质量份算）含硫物质（S8，Na2S，K2S或CaS）进行充分混合，得到混合物A。
（2）将步骤（1）中得到的混合物A放入Ar气氛炉中（通气速率0.1-10 L/min），加热速率为10 ℃/min，在500-1000 ℃下煅烧1-10个小时，待炉温冷却至室温，即可得到含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料。
本发明的有益效果在于：（1）含硫物质能够有效地活化SiO2；（2）被活化的SiO2负极材料具有高的比容量，优异的倍率性能和良好的循环稳定性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
（1）将1份（按质量份算）SiO2（比表面积为50 m2/g）与10份（按质量份算）S8进行充分混合，得到SiO2/S8混合物。
（2）将步骤（1）中得到的SiO2/S8混合物放入Ar气氛炉中（通气速率为0.1 L/min），加热速率为10 ℃/min，在800 ℃下煅烧2个小时，待炉温冷却至室温，即可得到S8活化的SiO2负极材料。将该材料制作成电极，锂片作为对电极，并组装成为扣式电池。该电池在5A/g的电流下进行充放电，其比容量为~1400 mA h g-1；在3 A/g的电流下进行4000次充放电循环，其比容量仍然保持为~1200 mA h g-1。

Claims (2)

1.一种含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法包括如下步骤：（1）按质量份算，将1-3份的SiO2与10-30份的含硫物质进行充分混合，得到混合物A；（2）将步骤（1）中得到的混合物A放入Ar气氛炉中，加热至煅烧温度，并煅烧1-10个小时，待炉温冷却至室温，即可得到含硫物质活化的SiO2锂电负极材料；其中，所述煅烧温度为500-1000℃；
其中，所述SiO2的比表面积大于10 m2/g，所述含硫物质为S8。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述Ar的通气速率为0.1-10 L/min；所述加热速率为10℃/min。
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