CN112569768A - 一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法 - Google Patents
一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112569768A CN112569768A CN202011408790.9A CN202011408790A CN112569768A CN 112569768 A CN112569768 A CN 112569768A CN 202011408790 A CN202011408790 A CN 202011408790A CN 112569768 A CN112569768 A CN 112569768A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- washing
- gas
- tail gas
- catalytic oxidation
- yellow phosphorus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-adamantyl)-3-aminothiourea Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(NC(=S)NN)C3 XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical class [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009993 causticizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;phosphite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])[O-] NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8659—Removing halogens or halogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20792—Zinc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
Abstract
本发明公开了一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法,该净化吸收方法合理地设计了水洗、碱洗、催化氧化、湿法吸附回收4个工艺阶段,分别是热水冷水交替漂洗除杂,碱液喷淋洗气除酸,改性多孔碳‑纳米氧化锌粉末微波助力催化氧化和多孔碳‑纳米氧化锌粉末、次氯酸钠、有机玻璃珠、去离子水混合湿法吸附。本发明分类回收、尾气总回收率高、排出物毒害性低、多重吸收、回收产物纯度高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及磷化工技术领域,尤其涉及一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法。
背景技术
利用泥磷和碱制取次磷酸钠是一种有效的泥磷综合利用方法。此反应过程温度不高,能源消耗低,并且次磷酸钠作为一种还原剂,被广泛应用于化学镀、有机合成、食品加工和保鲜及水处理等行业,具有较高的经济附加值。但这种方法会使泥磷中约20%的磷单质转化为磷化氢进入到尾气中,如果不加回收利用,则可能引起二次污染。
目前,国内外净化磷化氢的方法很多,主要分为燃烧法、吸附法和化学吸收法,净化方法的选择根据磷化氢废气的性质及来源而定,对于总量大、浓度高的常采用化学吸收法回收其中的磷资源。泥磷制取次磷酸钠产生的磷化氢废气浓度较高,为了有效回收尾气中的磷,本研究采用多相催化氧化法回收废气中的磷化氢,利用过氧化氢溶液作吸收液,将尾气中的磷化氢氧化成具有较高附加值的次磷酸钠和亚磷酸钠,从而增加了次磷酸钠产率,使资源得到有效利用。由于过氧化氢与磷化氢反应速度较慢,吸收率偏低。
传统黄磷尾气净化存在的主要问题有:1)尾气净化工艺落后,采用传统的水洗加碱洗,难以彻底除尘、脱硫、脱碳和脱磷,总还有磷泥和悬浮微粒裹挟在尾气中,致使压缩机出现“拉缸”现象,不能长周期运行;2)未洗净的磷泥在碱洗过程会产生磷化氢,从而污染环境;3)传统工艺脱除二氧化碳不彻底,造成甲酸钠产品因碳酸钠含量超标,无法达到优级品指标;4)传统工艺脱碳精度不高,脱碳气含饱和水,气体不够纯净,从而对产品甲酸钠质量造成严重影响。
因而市场上需要一种分类回收、尾气总回收率高、排出物毒害性低、多重吸收、回收产物纯度高的黄磷尾气净化吸收方法。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供分类回收、尾气总回收率高、排出物毒害性低、多重吸收、回收产物纯度高的黄磷尾气净化吸收方法及其制造方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法,包括以下阶段:
S1:回收用原材料准备
①原材料准备:按重量份准备次氯酸钠30份-35份、有机玻璃珠12份-15份、活性炭粉末75份-85份、六水硝酸锌35份-40份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂5份-8份、N,N二甲基乙酰胺15份-20份、乙烯基三胺0.5份-0.8份;
②辅材准备:准备足量溶质质量分数10%的氢氧化钠水溶液、足量去离子水、足量氮气、足量饱和氨水;
S2:活性炭改性材料制备
①将阶段S1步骤①准备的活性炭粉末在去离子水中煮沸2h,然后用去离子水反复洗至活性炭粉末电导率不大于10μs/cm,再将活性炭粉末放入烘箱中干燥,获得待处理活性炭;
②将阶段S1步骤①准备的六水硝酸锌溶解到去离子水中,然后采用阶段S1步骤②准备的饱和氨水调节溶液的pH,直至得到的白色沉淀氢氧化锌不再增加;
③将步骤②得到的白色沉淀氢氧化锌全部与步骤①获得的待处理活性炭混合均匀,将混合物置于管式炉中,并在阶段S1步骤②准备的足量氮气保护下以10℃/min的升温速度升至310℃-320℃,保温1.5h-2h,冷却后取出放入烘箱中烘干,获得待用多孔碳-纳米氧化锌;
④将步骤③获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌与阶段S1步骤①准备的聚偏氟乙烯树脂、N,N二甲基乙酰胺、乙烯基三胺混合并在室温下搅拌均匀,然后刮膜,烘干,得到改性多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末;
S3:催化氧化反应装置制备
①将阶段S2步骤④获得的按重量百分比计60%-65%的改性多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末装入带筛板的石英管中组成固定床,然后将固定床垂直***功率连续可调、上下开孔的改装微波装置内接受微波照射,并在固定床中***铠装热电偶探针并与温控仪连接以显示床层温度,获得微波辅助催化氧化反应装置;
S4:黄磷尾气的分级吸收
①水洗除杂:采用双个以去离子水为介质的水封结构依次对原始黄磷尾气进行水洗,其中第一个水封结构内的水温加热至65℃-75℃,第二个水封结构内的水温保持室温,经水洗后获得水洗气;
②碱洗除酸:采用阶段S1步骤②准备的氢氧化钠水溶液对步骤①获得的水洗气进行喷淋洗气,碱洗后的残留液中经苛化处理后回收,循环利用,被喷淋后的气体作为净化气进入下一步骤;
③催化氧化:开启阶段S3步骤①获得的催化氧化反应装置内的微波装置,采用2.5GHz-2.8GHz的频率,照射固定床直至固定床升温至250℃-270℃,保温,然后将步骤②获得的净化气持续通入催化氧化反应装置内,再经另一端排出,获得处理气;
④最终吸附:将剩余改性阶段S2步骤④获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末与阶段S1步骤①准备的次氯酸钠、有机玻璃珠、按重量份计350份的去离子水混合并搅拌均匀,然后盛装至储气容器中,获得储气装置,将步骤③获得的处理气通过储气装置后,残余尾气向外排放,即完成黄磷尾气净化吸收。
与现有技术相比较,本发明具有以下优点:(1)采用本发明的方法,其脱硫效率不低于92%,脱氟效率不低于99.5%,脱碳效率不低于60%,可有效截留粉尘、焦油等杂质,回收的产物中包括分别在独立空间获得的纯度不低于90%的一氧化碳(催化氧化后的气体部分)、黄磷(催化氧化后的固体部分)、多聚磷酸钠(最终湿法吸附后反应获得)和硫磺(催化氧化后的固体部分),H2S的吸附率不低于92%,PH3的吸附率不低于85%,H2S的转换率45%-50%,PH3的转换率48%-55%。(2)本发明的黄磷尾气净化工艺可以很好净化黄磷尾气,可以使尾气中最终排放的硫、磷等有害杂质总质量浓度小于0.2mg/m3。本发明不仅可以达到较高的吸附利用效果,还能很好地利用净化后的黄磷尾气,为后续生产出附加值更高的磷化工副产品提供了工艺基础。(3)不同于现有技术中的黄磷尾气回收利用法,主体均为湿法工艺,存在废水产生量大、清洗剂难以回收再利用、黄磷尾气中的有用部分容易溶解在废水中导致回收率下降以及排入下水道存在安全隐患等缺陷。本发明采用干湿结合、先湿再干再湿的回收工艺,其中干法工艺部分能有效净化黄磷尾气,并且能够克服湿法工艺存在的缺陷。(4)本发明合理地设计了水洗、碱洗、催化氧化、湿法吸附回收4个工艺阶段,属于多重吸收、分类回收,因而尾气总回收率高、回收产物纯度高且均为单独获得,易分离再利用。因此本发明的黄磷尾气净化吸收方法具有分类回收、尾气总回收率高、排出物毒害性低、多重吸收、回收产物纯度高的特性。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
1、一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法,包括以下阶段:
S1:回收用原材料准备
①原材料准备:按重量准备次氯酸钠32kg、有机玻璃珠14kg、活性炭粉末81kg、六水硝酸锌37kg、聚偏氟乙烯树脂6.5kg、N,N二甲基乙酰胺17.6kg、乙烯基三胺0.7kg;
②辅材准备:准备足量溶质质量分数10%的氢氧化钠水溶液、足量去离子水、足量氮气、足量饱和氨水;
S2:活性炭改性材料制备
①将阶段S1步骤①准备的活性炭粉末在去离子水中煮沸2h,然后用去离子水反复洗至活性炭粉末电导率不大于10μs/cm,再将活性炭粉末放入烘箱中干燥,获得待处理活性炭;
②将阶段S1步骤①准备的六水硝酸锌溶解到去离子水中,然后采用阶段S1步骤②准备的饱和氨水调节溶液的pH,直至得到的白色沉淀氢氧化锌不再增加;
③将步骤②得到的白色沉淀氢氧化锌全部与步骤①获得的待处理活性炭混合均匀,将混合物置于管式炉中,并在阶段S1步骤②准备的足量氮气保护下以10℃/min的升温速度升至310℃-320℃,保温1.5h-2h,冷却后取出放入烘箱中烘干,获得待用多孔碳-纳米氧化锌;
④将步骤③获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌与阶段S1步骤①准备的聚偏氟乙烯树脂、N,N二甲基乙酰胺、乙烯基三胺混合并在室温下搅拌均匀,然后刮膜,烘干,得到改性多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末;
S3:催化氧化反应装置制备
①将阶段S2步骤④获得的按重量百分比计60%-65%的改性多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末装入带筛板的石英管中组成固定床,然后将固定床垂直***功率连续可调、上下开孔的改装微波装置内接受微波照射,并在固定床中***铠装热电偶探针并与温控仪连接以显示床层温度,获得微波辅助催化氧化反应装置;
S4:黄磷尾气的分级吸收
①水洗除杂:采用双个以去离子水为介质的水封结构依次对原始黄磷尾气进行水洗,其中第一个水封结构内的水温加热至65℃-75℃,第二个水封结构内的水温保持室温,经水洗后获得水洗气;
②碱洗除酸:采用阶段S1步骤②准备的氢氧化钠水溶液对步骤①获得的水洗气进行喷淋洗气,碱洗后的残留液中经苛化处理后回收,循环利用,被喷淋后的气体作为净化气进入下一步骤;
③催化氧化:开启阶段S3步骤①获得的催化氧化反应装置内的微波装置,采用2.5GHz-2.8GHz的频率,照射固定床直至固定床升温至250℃-270℃,保温,然后将步骤②获得的净化气持续通入催化氧化反应装置内,再经另一端排出,获得处理气;
④最终吸附:将剩余改性阶段S2步骤④获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末与阶段S1步骤①准备的次氯酸钠、有机玻璃珠、按重量份计350kg的去离子水混合并搅拌均匀,然后盛装至储气容器中,获得储气装置,将步骤③获得的处理气通过储气装置后,残余尾气向外排放,即完成黄磷尾气净化吸收。
根据本实施例进行的黄磷尾气吸收,其脱硫效率不低于92%,脱氟效率不低于99.5%,脱碳效率不低于60%,可有效截留粉尘、焦油等杂质,回收的产物中包括分别在独立空间获得的纯度不低于90%的一氧化碳(催化氧化后的气体部分)、黄磷(催化氧化后的固体部分)、多聚磷酸钠(最终湿法吸附后反应获得)和硫磺(催化氧化后的固体部分),H2S的吸附率不低于92%,PH3的吸附率不低于85%,H2S的转换率45%-50%,PH3的转换率48%-55%,尾气中最终排放的硫、磷等有害杂质总质量浓度小于0.2mg/m3,下同。
实施例2
整体与实施例1一致,差异之处在于:
S1:回收用原材料准备
①原材料准备:按重量准备次氯酸钠30kg、有机玻璃珠12kg、活性炭粉末75kg、六水硝酸锌40kg、聚偏氟乙烯树脂8kg、N,N二甲基乙酰胺20kg、乙烯基三胺0.8kg;
实施例3
整体与实施例1一致,差异之处在于:
S1:回收用原材料准备
①原材料准备:按重量准备次氯酸钠350kg、有机玻璃珠150kg、活性炭粉末850kg、六水硝酸锌350kg、聚偏氟乙烯树脂50kg、N,N二甲基乙酰胺150kg、乙烯基三胺5kg;
S4:黄磷尾气的分级吸收
④最终吸附:将剩余改性阶段S2步骤④获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末与阶段S1步骤①准备的次氯酸钠、有机玻璃珠、按重量计3.5吨的去离子水混合并搅拌均匀,然后盛装至储气容器中,获得储气装置,将步骤③获得的处理气通过储气装置后,残余尾气向外排放,即完成黄磷尾气净化吸收。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,仅为了使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法,其特征在于包括以下阶段:
S1:回收用原材料准备
①原材料准备:按重量份准备次氯酸钠30份-35份、有机玻璃珠12份-15份、活性炭粉末75份-85份、六水硝酸锌35份-40份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂5份-8份、N,N二甲基乙酰胺15份-20份、乙烯基三胺0.5份-0.8份;
②辅材准备:准备足量溶质质量分数10%的氢氧化钠水溶液、足量去离子水、足量氮气、足量饱和氨水;
S2:活性炭改性材料制备
①将阶段S1步骤①准备的活性炭粉末在去离子水中煮沸2h,然后用去离子水反复洗至活性炭粉末电导率不大于10μs/cm,再将活性炭粉末放入烘箱中干燥,获得待处理活性炭;
②将阶段S1步骤①准备的六水硝酸锌溶解到去离子水中,然后采用阶段S1步骤②准备的饱和氨水调节溶液的pH,直至得到的白色沉淀氢氧化锌不再增加;
③将步骤②得到的白色沉淀氢氧化锌全部与步骤①获得的待处理活性炭混合均匀,将混合物置于管式炉中,并在阶段S1步骤②准备的足量氮气保护下以10℃/min的升温速度升至310℃-320℃,保温1.5h-2h,冷却后取出放入烘箱中烘干,获得待用多孔碳-纳米氧化锌;
④将步骤③获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌与阶段S1步骤①准备的聚偏氟乙烯树脂、N,N二甲基乙酰胺、乙烯基三胺混合并在室温下搅拌均匀,然后刮膜,烘干,得到改性多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末;
S3:催化氧化反应装置制备
①将阶段S2步骤④获得的按重量百分比计60%-65%的改性多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末装入带筛板的石英管中组成固定床,然后将固定床垂直***功率连续可调、上下开孔的改装微波装置内接受微波照射,并在固定床中***铠装热电偶探针并与温控仪连接以显示床层温度,获得微波辅助催化氧化反应装置;
S4:黄磷尾气的分级吸收
①水洗除杂:采用双个以去离子水为介质的水封结构依次对原始黄磷尾气进行水洗,其中第一个水封结构内的水温加热至65℃-75℃,第二个水封结构内的水温保持室温,经水洗后获得水洗气;
②碱洗除酸:采用阶段S1步骤②准备的氢氧化钠水溶液对步骤①获得的水洗气进行喷淋洗气,碱洗后的残留液中经苛化处理后回收,循环利用,被喷淋后的气体作为净化气进入下一步骤;
③催化氧化:开启阶段S3步骤①获得的催化氧化反应装置内的微波装置,采用2.5GHz-2.8GHz的频率,照射固定床直至固定床升温至250℃-270℃,保温,然后将步骤②获得的净化气持续通入催化氧化反应装置内,再经另一端排出,获得处理气;
④最终吸附:将剩余改性阶段S2步骤④获得的多孔碳-纳米氧化锌粉末与阶段S1步骤①准备的次氯酸钠、有机玻璃珠、按重量份计350份的去离子水混合并搅拌均匀,然后盛装至储气容器中,获得储气装置,将步骤③获得的处理气通过储气装置后,残余尾气向外排放,即完成黄磷尾气净化吸收。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011408790.9A CN112569768A (zh) | 2020-12-06 | 2020-12-06 | 一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011408790.9A CN112569768A (zh) | 2020-12-06 | 2020-12-06 | 一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112569768A true CN112569768A (zh) | 2021-03-30 |
Family
ID=75127289
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011408790.9A Pending CN112569768A (zh) | 2020-12-06 | 2020-12-06 | 一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN112569768A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113072053A (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 贵州福泉川东化工有限公司 | 一种以废弃磷铁为原料制备球形磷酸亚铁锂的方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2740590Y (zh) * | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-16 | 白依奎 | 泥磷回收处理装置 |
CN101941731A (zh) * | 2010-08-20 | 2011-01-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | 一种空隙型片状纳米氧化锌及活性炭负载复合物的制备方法 |
CN101972603A (zh) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-02-16 | 湘潭大学 | 一种脱除废气中氮氧化物的方法 |
CN102744055A (zh) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-10-24 | 武汉大学 | 活性炭负载氧化锌催化剂及其在降解有机污染物中应用 |
US20170217773A1 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2017-08-03 | Intermet Technologies Chengdu Co,. Ltd | Method, apparatus and special phosphorus recovery device for recovering yellow phosphorus from electric furnace phosphorus-producing furnace gas |
CN107240694A (zh) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-10 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种氧化锌/碳多孔复合材料为负极制备钠离子电池的方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-06 CN CN202011408790.9A patent/CN112569768A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2740590Y (zh) * | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-16 | 白依奎 | 泥磷回收处理装置 |
CN101941731A (zh) * | 2010-08-20 | 2011-01-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | 一种空隙型片状纳米氧化锌及活性炭负载复合物的制备方法 |
CN101972603A (zh) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-02-16 | 湘潭大学 | 一种脱除废气中氮氧化物的方法 |
CN102744055A (zh) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-10-24 | 武汉大学 | 活性炭负载氧化锌催化剂及其在降解有机污染物中应用 |
US20170217773A1 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2017-08-03 | Intermet Technologies Chengdu Co,. Ltd | Method, apparatus and special phosphorus recovery device for recovering yellow phosphorus from electric furnace phosphorus-producing furnace gas |
CN107240694A (zh) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-10 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种氧化锌/碳多孔复合材料为负极制备钠离子电池的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
吴满昌等: "黄磷尾气的净化", 《贵州环保科技》 * |
徐浩东: "黄磷尾气吸附—催化氧化性能及机理研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
李芬等: "活性炭负载纳米ZnO的结构及常温脱除H_2S的性能", 《硅酸盐学报》 * |
熊辉等: "次氯酸钠氧化脱除黄磷尾气中的硫、磷杂质", 《化工环保》 * |
王学谦等: "《黄磷尾气催化氧化净化技术》", 28 February 2009, 冶金工业出版社 * |
罗宗恬: "《磷化钙生产及应用》", 30 November 1978, 燃料化学工业出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113072053A (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 贵州福泉川东化工有限公司 | 一种以废弃磷铁为原料制备球形磷酸亚铁锂的方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110695059B (zh) | 一种工业有机废盐处理工艺 | |
CN108675911B (zh) | 一种降低电石渣产生的电石乙炔生产工艺 | |
CN108163812B (zh) | 一种氟化氢的制备方法、氢氟酸的制备方法 | |
CN102190298A (zh) | 一种林木剩余物快速热解副产炭制备活性炭的方法 | |
CN103073027A (zh) | 一种高纯***的环保清洁工艺生产方法 | |
CN112569768A (zh) | 一种黄磷尾气净化吸收方法 | |
CN105084359B (zh) | 一种甲酸脱水工业化制备高纯一氧化碳的方法 | |
CN106590762A (zh) | 复合添加剂提高煤催化气化中催化剂性能的方法 | |
CN103626206B (zh) | 一种基于氯化铵化学链循环的纯碱—氯乙烯联产工艺 | |
CN101760242B (zh) | 一种氯化石蜡连续吹脱工艺及其装置 | |
CN113754167B (zh) | 一种从焦化废水中回收氨的方法 | |
CN103864072A (zh) | 一种净水用活性炭制备方法 | |
CN105752994A (zh) | 一种利用石墨尾矿制备白炭黑的方法 | |
CN110304608B (zh) | 一种泥磷液相氧化制取臭氧副产磷酸的方法 | |
CN110304638B (zh) | 一种利用尿素制备单氰胺的方法 | |
CN103664571B (zh) | 一种工业排放一氧化碳尾气间歇式反应合成甲酸钙的方法 | |
CN111484029A (zh) | 一种分子筛的改性方法及改性分子筛 | |
CN111017937A (zh) | 一种制备氟化钾联产超细白炭黑的方法 | |
CN111847384B (zh) | 一种无水氟化氢的制备方法 | |
CN114477196B (zh) | 一种氟化法制备气相白炭黑的方法 | |
CN1683247A (zh) | 一种无水氯化铝的制造方法 | |
CN102701222A (zh) | 一种用煤矸石生产白炭黑的方法 | |
CN213326765U (zh) | 利用高硅萤石粉生产低硅干法氟化铝装置 | |
CN101659399B (zh) | 一种制备无水氢氟酸的方法 | |
CN115504453B (zh) | 一种利用机械化学处置含氟温室气体并联产氟化碳材料的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210330 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |