CN112314078B - Fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine - Google Patents
Fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314078B CN112314078B CN202011333808.3A CN202011333808A CN112314078B CN 112314078 B CN112314078 B CN 112314078B CN 202011333808 A CN202011333808 A CN 202011333808A CN 112314078 B CN112314078 B CN 112314078B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 241000935235 Fritillaria meleagris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000234280 Liliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032370 Secondary transmission Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008354 tissue degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C9/00—Potato planters
- A01C9/08—Potato planters with other distributing devices, e.g. flaps, screws, horizontal turning plates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
A fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and comprises a frame, a soil covering plow, a trimming shovel, a furrow bed shaping device, a compacting device and a transmission system, wherein a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam are transversely arranged between the middle parts of two side plates of the frame, an upper frame cross beam and a lower frame cross beam are respectively transversely arranged on the upper and lower parts of the rear parts of the two side plates, the soil covering plow is arranged below the bearing beam, the upper frame cross beam is connected with a connecting rod through a supporting rod, and the connecting rod is connected with the furrow bed shaping device and the compacting device through an adjusting rod and a compacting wheel depth adjusting rod respectively; rectangular steel pipes are welded on two sides of the upper frame beam and the lower frame beam and are connected with the trimming shovel through a soil covering depth adjusting rod; and a transmission system is arranged on the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system supporting beam. The fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine realizes rapid harvesting and immediate seeding of fritillary bulbs, and has more complete operation flow.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine.
The background technology is as follows:
fritillary bulb is also called fritillary bulb, which is one of the fritillary medicinal materials, and is bulb of fritillary bulb which is a two-year-old herb of the family liliaceae. The fritillary bulb is divided into two parts, namely an underground bulb and an overground bulb, and has the medical value mainly of the underground bulb, is in a flat disc shape, has the average size of 3-30 mm, is formed by cohesion of 2-3 semilunar flat phosphorus petals, is shaped like a poly-shell and is flat, so the fritillary bulb is named. Fritillary bulb is a relatively rare traditional bulk medicinal material in China, is an important commodity for foreign exchange in China, and is favored in the markets of Chinese medicinal materials at home and abroad. The fritillary bulb artificial planting is mainly distributed in the great and small Xinghangan mountains of the Heilongjiang and the northeast Changbai mountain areas, wherein the planting areas of Jilin Tonghua, heilongjiang Shangzhi, hai Lin and Tieli are the largest and form scale, and the fritillary bulb artificial planting is a main means for local enrichment. At present, the fritillary bulb mainly adopts manual harvesting and sowing, part of fritillary bulb mainly adopts mechanized harvesting and sowing at the main production area, the operation efficiency is effectively improved, but the mechanized harvesting and sowing are not matched, the operation process is complex (including links such as harvesting, cleaning, grading, sowing, soil covering and the like), and the operation efficiency is low.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides the fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine, which reduces the operation links in the fritillary bulb seed collecting process, improves the operation effect and achieves the expected effect.
In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the device comprises a frame, a suspension mechanism, a soil covering plow, a trimming shovel, a furrow bed shaping device, a compacting device and a transmission system, wherein the frame comprises a spandrel girder, an upper frame beam, a lower frame beam, two side plates, a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam; rectangular steel pipes are welded at two sides of the upper frame cross beam and the lower frame cross beam and are connected with the trimming shovel through a soil covering depth adjusting rod; and the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system support beam are provided with a transmission system, and the transmission system is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor.
The earthing plough is connected with the spandrel girder through an earthing plough mounting seat, and an adjusting bolt is arranged on the earthing plough mounting seat.
The suspension mechanism comprises a suspension frame, wherein the suspension frame is arranged on the spandrel girder, two lower suspension points of the suspension frame are connected with a lower suspension rod of the tractor through pins, an upper suspension point of the suspension frame is connected with an upper suspension rod of the tractor through pins, and a rear suspension point of the suspension frame is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and a clamping seat through a suspension frame connecting rod, and the upper U-shaped clamp and the clamping seat are arranged on an upper frame cross beam.
The compacting device comprises a compacting wheel adjusting rod, a compacting wheel connecting rod, a compacting wheel mounting bearing and a bearing seat, wherein one end of the supporting rod is connected with an upper frame beam, the other end of the supporting rod is connected through a connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected with one end of the compacting wheel adjusting rod, the other end of the compacting wheel adjusting rod is connected with the middle part of the compacting wheel connecting rod, one end of the compacting wheel connecting rod is connected with the compacting wheel through the compacting wheel mounting bearing and the bearing seat, and the other end of the compacting wheel connecting rod is connected with a lower frame beam through a connecting point.
The bed shaping device comprises an adjusting rod, a scraping plate, a bed shaping plate and an adjusting rod mounting plate, wherein one end of the adjusting rod is connected with the connecting rod, the other side of the adjusting rod is connected with the adjusting rod mounting plate, the scraping plate is welded on the adjusting rod mounting plate, and the scraping plate is connected with the bed shaping plate through threads.
The scraping plate is positioned at one side of the pressing wheel.
The trimming shovel is connected with the trimming shovel reinforcing plate, the trimming shovel reinforcing plate is welded at two ends of the earthing depth connecting plate, the earthing depth connecting plate is connected with the ridging plate of the furrow bed, the earthing plate is welded at the upper end of the earthing depth connecting plate, the earthing depth connecting plate is welded with the earthing depth adjusting rod, the earthing depth adjusting rod penetrates through the rectangular steel pipe to be connected with the adjusting handle, and the earthing depth adjusting rod is connected with the rectangular steel pipe in a matched mode and moves relatively.
The transmission system comprises a bevel gear reducer, an intermediate transmission shaft, a screw shaft, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, wherein the bevel gear reducer is connected with the bevel gear reducer and a transmission system support beam through a bevel gear reducer mounting plate, the input end of the bevel gear reducer is connected with a power output shaft of a tractor through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer is connected with one end of the intermediate transmission shaft through a coupling, the other end of the intermediate transmission shaft is connected with the driving sprocket, the driving sprocket is connected with a side plate through a bearing and a bearing seat I, the driving sprocket is connected with a driven sprocket through a chain, the driven sprocket is connected with one end of the screw shaft through a bearing and a bearing seat II, the other end of the screw shaft is connected with the side plate through a bearing, and reverse spiral blades are arranged on the screw shaft.
The working procedure is as follows:
1) The front section adopts a two-section fritillary bulb harvester to clean the surface soil of the furrow surface, loosens the mixed layer of fritillary bulb and soil, then fully dries, lifts up after drying, separates fritillary bulb and soil for mixing, separates out larger bulbs, uniformly spreads the remaining bulbs on the furrow surface and forms a working channel;
2) The middle section uses the fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine to carry out soil covering and shaping, the frame is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, and soil in a working channel is turned up to two sides of a furrow surface by using a soil covering plow;
3) The soil turned up to the two sides of the furrow surface is conveyed to the middle of the furrow surface through the reverse spiral blade, so that secondary earthing is realized;
4) The height of the trimming shovel and the earthing depth adjusting plate is adjusted by utilizing the adjusting handle, so that the adjustment of the earthing thickness and the trimming of the working channel are realized;
5) Soil is compacted and covered by the compacting wheel, so that soil moisture conservation is realized;
6) The soil on the surface of the pressing wheel is scraped by the scraper, and when the pressing wheel performs the surface soil covering compaction work on the furrow surface, the pressing wheel rotates to be contacted with the scraper, and the scraper plays a role in scraping the soil on the surface of the pressing wheel;
7) The furrow surface is shaped and the furrows are trimmed through the furrow bed shaping plate, the scraping plates are limited from falling beside the soil scraped by the pressing wheel, the scraped soil is shaped, and the furrow surface is ensured to be tidy and uniform;
8) Covering the back section with 2.0 cm-3.0 cm thick covering manure on the furrow surface by using a fertilizer spreading machine;
9) The work of mechanized harvesting and seeding of fritillary bulb and soil covering on the furrow surface is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects of realizing rapid harvesting and immediate seeding of fritillary bulb, ensuring more complete operation flow and more powerful functions, and meeting the agronomic requirements by various technical indexes.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
referring to the drawings, the present invention specifically adopts the following embodiments: the device comprises a frame, a soil covering plow 1, a trimming shovel 28, a bed shaping device, a compacting device and a transmission system, wherein the frame comprises a bearing beam 4, an upper frame beam 12, a lower frame beam 15, two side plates 7, a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam 34, the bearing beam 4 is arranged between the front parts of the two side plates 7, the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system supporting beam 34 are arranged between the middle parts of the two side plates 7 in a transverse manner, the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the rear parts of the two side plates 7 in a transverse manner, the bearing beam 4 is connected with a tractor through a hanging mechanism, the soil covering plow 1 is arranged below the bearing beam 4, one side of the upper frame beam 12 is connected with the hanging mechanism, the other side of the upper frame beam 12 is connected with a connecting rod 36 through a supporting rod 16, and the connecting rod 36 is respectively connected with the bed shaping device and the compacting device through an adjusting rod 18 and a compacting wheel depth adjusting rod 25; rectangular steel pipes 14 are welded on two sides of the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15, and the rectangular steel pipes 14 are connected with a trimming shovel 28 through a soil covering depth adjusting rod 17; the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system support beam 34 are provided with a transmission system which is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor. The earthing plough 1 is connected with the spandrel girder 4 through an earthing plough mounting seat 2, and an adjusting bolt is arranged on the earthing plough mounting seat 2. The suspension mechanism comprises a suspension frame 5, the suspension frame 5 is arranged on a spandrel girder 4, two lower suspension points 3 of the suspension frame 5 are connected with a lower suspension rod of a tractor through pins, an upper suspension point 6 of the suspension frame 5 is connected with an upper suspension rod of the tractor through pins, a rear suspension point 8 of the suspension frame 5 is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and a clamping seat 11 through a suspension frame and a frame connecting rod 9, and the upper U-shaped clamp and the clamping seat 11 are arranged on an upper frame cross beam 12. The compacting device comprises a compacting wheel adjusting rod 25, a compacting wheel 22, a compacting wheel connecting rod 24, a compacting wheel mounting bearing and a bearing seat 23, one end of a supporting rod 16 is connected with the upper frame beam 12, the other end of the supporting rod 16 is connected with one end of the compacting wheel adjusting rod 25 through a connecting rod 36, the other end of the compacting wheel adjusting rod 25 is connected with the middle part of the compacting wheel connecting rod 24, one end of the compacting wheel connecting rod 24 is connected with the compacting wheel 22 through the compacting wheel mounting bearing and the bearing seat 23, and the other end of the compacting wheel connecting rod 24 is connected with the lower frame beam 15 through a connecting point 26. The bed shaping device comprises an adjusting rod 18, a scraping plate 21, a bed shaping plate 20 and an adjusting rod mounting plate 19, wherein one end of the adjusting rod 18 is connected to the connecting rod 36, the other side of the adjusting rod 18 is connected to the adjusting rod mounting plate 19, the scraping plate 21 is welded to the adjusting rod mounting plate 19, and the scraping plate 21 is connected with the bed shaping plate 20 through threads. The scraping plate 21 is positioned at one side of the pressing wheel 22. The trimming shovel is connected with the trimming shovel reinforcing plate 27, the trimming shovel reinforcing plate 27 is welded at two ends of the earthing depth connecting plate 29, the earthing depth connecting plate 29 is connected with the bed shaping plate 20, the earthing plate 30 is welded at the upper end of the earthing depth connecting plate 29, the earthing depth connecting plate 29 is welded with the earthing depth adjusting rod 17, the earthing depth adjusting rod 17 penetrates through the rectangular steel pipe 14 to be connected with the adjusting handle 13, and the earthing depth adjusting rod 17 is connected with the rectangular steel pipe 14 in a matched mode and moves relatively. The transmission system comprises a bevel gear reducer 44, an intermediate transmission shaft 39, a screw shaft 39, a driving sprocket 41, a driven sprocket 40 and a chain 32, wherein the bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with the bevel gear reducer and a transmission system support beam 34 through a bevel gear reducer mounting plate 33, the input end of the bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with a power output shaft of a tractor through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with one end of the intermediate transmission shaft 39 through a coupling 42, the other end of the intermediate transmission shaft 39 is connected with the driving sprocket 41, the driving sprocket 41 is connected with a side plate 7 through a bearing and a bearing seat I10, the driving sprocket 41 is connected with the driven sprocket 40 through the chain 32, the driven sprocket 40 is connected with the side plate 7 through a bearing and a bearing seat II 31, the driven sprocket 40 is connected with one end of the screw shaft 38, the other end of the screw shaft 38 is connected with the side plate 7 through a bearing, and reverse spiral blades 37 are arranged on the screw shaft 38.
The working procedure is as follows:
1) The front section adopts a two-section fritillary bulb harvester to clean the surface soil of the furrow surface, loosens the mixed layer of fritillary bulb and soil, then fully dries, lifts up after drying, separates fritillary bulb and soil for mixing, separates out larger bulbs, uniformly spreads the remaining bulbs on the furrow surface and forms a working channel;
2) The middle section uses the fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine to carry out soil covering and shaping, the frame is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, and soil in a working channel is turned up to two sides of a furrow surface by using a soil covering plow;
3) The soil turned up to the two sides of the furrow surface is conveyed to the middle of the furrow surface through the reverse spiral blade, so that secondary earthing is realized;
4) The height of the trimming shovel and the earthing depth adjusting plate is adjusted by utilizing the adjusting handle, so that the adjustment of the earthing thickness and the trimming of the working channel are realized;
5) Soil is compacted and covered by the compacting wheel, so that soil moisture conservation is realized;
6) The soil on the surface of the pressing wheel is scraped by the scraper, and when the pressing wheel performs the surface soil covering compaction work on the furrow surface, the pressing wheel rotates to be contacted with the scraper, and the scraper plays a role in scraping the soil on the surface of the pressing wheel;
7) The furrow surface is shaped and the furrows are trimmed through the furrow bed shaping plate, the scraping plates are limited from falling beside the soil scraped by the pressing wheel, the scraped soil is shaped, and the furrow surface is ensured to be tidy and uniform;
8) Covering the back section with 2.0 cm-3.0 cm thick covering manure on the furrow surface by using a fertilizer spreading machine;
9) The work of mechanized harvesting and seeding of fritillary bulb and soil covering on the furrow surface is completed.
The fritillary bulb furrow surface covering machine mainly comprises a covering plow, a hanging device connected with a tractor, a frame, a covering screw device, a trimming shovel, a covering depth adjusting device, a furrow bed shaping device, a compacting device and a transmission system. The frame is formed by welding a spandrel girder 4, an upper frame cross beam 12, a lower frame cross beam 15, side plates 7, a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system support beam 33. The spandrel girder 4 is positioned at the front section of the frame, the upper frame cross beam 12 and the lower frame cross beam 15 are positioned at the rear end of the frame, the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system supporting beam 33 are positioned at the middle part of the frame, and the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system supporting beam 33 are respectively welded with the two frame side plates 7. The earthing plough 1 is connected to the frame spandrel girder 4 through the earthing plough mount pad 2, adjusts the bolt on the earthing plough mount pad 2, changes the position of earthing plough 1 relative to earthing plough mount pad 2, adjusts earthing plough depth. Two lower suspension points 3 are connected with the lower suspension rod of the tractor through pins, and one upper suspension point 6 is connected with the upper suspension rod of the tractor through pins. The rear end of the suspension device is welded with a rear suspension point 8, the rear suspension point 8 is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and a clamping seat 11 through a suspension bracket and a frame connecting rod 9, and the upper U-shaped clamp and the clamping seat 11 are arranged on an upper frame beam 12. Two rectangular steel pipes 14 are welded on both sides of the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15, respectively. The two support rods 16 are welded on the upper cross beam 12 of the frame, the other ends of the two support rods are connected with one adjusting rod 18 and two pressing wheel depth adjusting rods 25 through connecting rods 36, and the other ends of the two pressing wheel depth adjusting rods 25 are connected with the middle part of the pressing wheel connecting rod 24. One end of the pressing wheel connecting rod 24 is connected with the pressing wheel 22 through a pressing wheel mounting bearing and a bearing seat 23, and the other end is connected with the lower frame cross beam 15 through a connecting point 26. The connecting rod 36 passes the hole of both sides bracing piece 16 one end and the hole of middle regulation pole 18 one side, and regulation pole 18 opposite side is connected and is adjusted pole mounting panel 19, adjusts pole mounting panel 19 welding in the middle of scraper 21, scraper 21 and bed shaping board 20 threaded connection, and fore-and-aft adjustable, bed shaping board 20 is connected with earthing degree of depth connecting plate 29, and the welding of trimming shovel reinforcing plate 27 is at earthing degree of depth connecting plate 29 both ends totally 4. Two trimming shovels 28 are connected with trimming shovel reinforcing plates 27, are arranged on two sides of a covered soil depth connecting plate 29, the upper ends of the covered soil depth connecting plates 29 are welded with a covered soil plate 30, soil is prevented from being thrown to the rear from the upper ends of the covered soil depth connecting plates 29, the covered soil depth connecting plates 29 are welded with covered soil depth connecting rods 17, the covered soil depth connecting rods 17 are matched with rectangular steel pipes 14, and the relative movement of the covered soil depth connecting rods 17 and the rectangular steel pipes 14 is changed through adjusting handles 13, so that the adjustment of covered soil depth is realized. The power output shaft of the tractor is connected to the input end of a bevel gear reducer 44 through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with one end of an intermediate transmission shaft 39 through a coupler 42, the intermediate transmission shaft 39 is matched with the coupler 42, a bearing seat 31 and a driving sprocket 41 in sequence, the driving sprocket 41 is connected with a driven sprocket 40 through a chain 32, the driven sprocket 40 is matched with a screw shaft 38, a reverse helical blade 37 is welded on the screw shaft 38, the power output shaft of the tractor rotates to drive the bevel gear reducer 44 to reduce speed and change direction, the intermediate shaft 39 is driven to rotate, the chain 32 is transmitted to the screw shaft 38 and the reverse helical blade 37 through the driving sprocket 41 and the driven sprocket 40, and the secondary transmission of soil to the middle of a furrow surface is completed, so that the soil covering effect is achieved.
The soil in the working channel is turned up to two sides of the furrow surface by the earthing plow 1, the soil turned up to the furrow surface is conveyed to the middle of the furrow surface by the reverse conveying screw device, secondary earthing is realized, the heights of the trimming shovel 28 and the earthing depth adjusting plate 29 are adjusted, the adjustment of the earthing thickness and the trimming of the working channel are realized, and the soil is compacted and covered by the compacting wheel 22, so that soil moisture conservation is realized. The power of the whole process is provided by a tractor, and the connection mode is suspension type.
The fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine is matched with a two-section fritillary bulb harvester to finish the work of mechanized harvesting, sowing and furrow surface soil covering of fritillary bulbs, wherein the two-section fritillary bulb harvester is a patent applied by the inventor in 2019, and the patent number is 2019109474773.
Firstly, determining the size, the soil covering thickness and the thickness of the covered manure of a furrow bed, and determining the width of the top surface of the furrow bed to be 1-1.1 m and the width of the bottom surface of the furrow bed to be 1.1-1.2 m according to the distance between left and right wheels of a power tractor matched with fritillary bulb mechanical harvesting production equipment, wherein the cross section is trapezoidal, and determining the width of a working channel to be 0.4-0.5 m according to test data of a two-section fritillary bulb harvester, wherein the length of the furrow bed is determined according to the condition, but is not too short and is not beneficial to mechanized operation; the thickness of the fritillary bulb covering manure and the thickness of the soil covering layer are respectively 2-3 cm and 4-6 cm consistent with the conventional planting, according to the test data of the two-section fritillary bulb harvester, the soil at the bottom layer is about 6cm, the height of a furrow is 10-12 cm, in order to solve the problem of continuous cropping caused by long-time planting, the field management is enhanced, the two-section fritillary bulb harvester is regulated, the soil loosening hook in the two-section fritillary bulb harvester is utilized for carrying out furrow operation, the soil loosening operation is utilized for changing the growth position of fritillary bulbs, and the fritillary bulb surface soil stripper can be regulated again for carrying out field weeding, moss removal and loose hard cover soil operation before emergence and after seedling emergence at the same time when the fritillary bulb is prevented from reducing yield.
Then the surface soil of the furrow surface is cleaned by utilizing a two-section fritillary bulb harvester until the furrow surface soil is removed, a soil loosening mechanism in the two-section fritillary bulb harvester loosens fritillary bulb and soil mixture, after the fritillary bulb Bei Tu is fully aired to reach a separation condition, a lifting device of the two-section fritillary bulb harvester is adopted to lift and separate the fritillary soil, a roller device in the two-section fritillary bulb harvester separates the fritillary soil again, and the fritillary bulb with the roller screen surface separated and fallen is evenly spread on the furrow surface.
Then the fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine covers the surface soil and furrow soil of the cleaned furrow surface on the furrow surface to form a furrow bed.
Finally, spreading capping manure by using fertilizer spreader products formed in the market, namely finishing the work of integrating harvesting and sowing of fritillary bulb and soil covering of the furrow surface.
On the basis of the original cultivation technology, after the Ping Beizhu stems are fallen down every two years, the bulbs are dug out, the cultivation is directly carried out, surface soil and dead branches and rotten leaves are removed by using a surface soil stripping machine, then the fritillary bulbs are separated from the soil by using a lifting separation device, according to the principle of seed reserving, the size of the sieve holes is selected, fritillary bulbs smaller than the sieve holes are reserved on the original furrow surface, then a furrow surface soil covering machine is adopted for covering soil, and fritillary bulbs larger than the sieve holes are cultivated in a classified mode or sold in commodity mode; the surface soil is removed by a surface soil stripper every year, the in-situ loosening of the fritillary bulb on the furrow surface is realized by a soil loosening ditch, and the soil covering is completed by a furrow surface soil covering machine. Annual harvesting and annual soil loosening are realized; the seed collecting device is integrated and has multiple functions. Meanwhile, the soil is kept loose, the soil ventilation condition is improved, the activity of aerobic microorganisms is enhanced, and the available nutrients of the soil are released; the water is stored and the moisture is preserved, meanwhile, the ageing of the scallops is prevented, and the quality of the scallops is protected; preventing fritillary tissue degradation, promoting fritillary propagation and fritillary development, and increasing fritillary yield and fritillary number. The experiment shows that the fresh scallops can be increased by about 50 jin per mu, the propagation number of each strain of scallop is increased by 13.4, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
In conclusion, the fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine establishes a fritillary bulb mechanized harvesting-soil covering mode, supplements the fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine on the basis of two-section fritillary bulb harvesting equipment, realizes quick harvesting and immediate seeding of fritillary bulbs, has more complete operation flow and more powerful functions, and all technical indexes meet the agricultural requirements.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a fritillary bulb furrow surface covering machine, which comprises a frame, hanging mechanism, earthing plough (1), repair shovel (28), bed shaping device, suppression device and transmission system, the frame includes spandrel girder (4), upper frame crossbeam (12), lower frame crossbeam (15), two curb plates (7) and bevel gear reduction unit and transmission system supporting beam (34), the frame has spandrel girder (4) between two curb plate (7) anterior, the frame has bevel gear reduction unit and transmission system supporting beam (34) between two curb plate (7) middle part, the frame has upper frame crossbeam (12) and lower frame crossbeam (15) about two curb plate (7) rear portion respectively, its characterized in that: the bearing beam (4) is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, a soil covering plow (1) is arranged below the bearing beam (4), one side of an upper frame cross beam (12) is connected with the suspension mechanism, the other side of the upper frame cross beam (12) is connected with a connecting rod (36) through a supporting rod (16), and the connecting rod (36) is connected with a bed shaping device and a compacting device through an adjusting rod (18) and a compacting wheel depth adjusting rod (25) respectively; rectangular steel pipes (14) are welded on two sides of the upper frame cross beam (12) and the lower frame cross beam (15), and the rectangular steel pipes (14) are connected with a trimming shovel (28) through a soil covering depth adjusting rod (17); the bevel gear reducer and a transmission system support beam (34) are provided with a transmission system, and the transmission system is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor; the earthing plough (1) is connected with the spandrel girder (4) through an earthing plough mounting seat (2), and an adjusting bolt is arranged on the earthing plough mounting seat (2); the suspension mechanism comprises a suspension bracket (5), wherein the suspension bracket (5) is arranged on a spandrel girder (4), two lower suspension points (3) of the suspension bracket (5) are connected with a lower suspension rod of a tractor through pins, an upper suspension point (6) of the suspension bracket (5) is connected with an upper suspension rod of the tractor through pins, a rear suspension point (8) of the suspension bracket (5) is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and a clamp seat (11) through a suspension bracket and a frame connecting rod (9), and the upper U-shaped clamp and the clamp seat (11) are arranged on an upper frame cross beam (12); the compacting device comprises a compacting wheel depth adjusting rod (25), a compacting wheel (22), a compacting wheel connecting rod (24) and a compacting wheel mounting bearing and bearing seat (23), one end of a supporting rod (16) is connected with an upper frame cross beam (12), the other end of the supporting rod (16) is connected through a connecting rod (36), the connecting rod (36) is connected with one end of the compacting wheel depth adjusting rod (25), the other end of the compacting wheel depth adjusting rod (25) is connected with the middle part of the compacting wheel connecting rod (24), one end of the compacting wheel connecting rod (24) is connected with the compacting wheel (22) through the compacting wheel mounting bearing and the bearing seat (23), and the other end of the compacting wheel connecting rod (24) is connected with a lower frame cross beam (15) through a connecting point (26); the trimming shovel (28) is connected with the trimming shovel reinforcing plate (27), the trimming shovel reinforcing plate (27) is welded at two ends of the earthing depth connecting plate (29), the earthing depth connecting plate (29) is connected with the bed shaping plate (20), the upper end of the earthing depth connecting plate (29) is welded with the earthing plate (30), the earthing depth connecting plate (29) is welded with the earthing depth adjusting rod (17), the earthing depth adjusting rod (17) passes through the rectangular steel pipe (14) to be connected with the adjusting handle (13), and the earthing depth adjusting rod (17) is connected with the rectangular steel pipe (14) in a matched manner and moves relatively; the bed shaping device comprises an adjusting rod (18), a scraping plate (21), a bed shaping plate (20) and an adjusting rod mounting plate (19), wherein a connecting rod (36) is connected with one end of the adjusting rod (18), the other side of the adjusting rod (18) is connected with the adjusting rod mounting plate (19), the scraping plate (21) is welded on the adjusting rod mounting plate (19), and the scraping plate (21) is connected with the bed shaping plate (20) through threads; the transmission system comprises a bevel gear reducer (44), an intermediate transmission shaft (39), a screw shaft (38), a driving sprocket (41), a driven sprocket (40) and a chain (32), wherein the bevel gear reducer (44) is connected with the bevel gear reducer and a transmission system support beam (34) through a bevel gear reducer mounting plate (33), the input end of the bevel gear reducer (44) is connected with a power output shaft of a tractor through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer (44) is connected with one end of the intermediate transmission shaft (39) through a coupling (42), the other end of the intermediate transmission shaft (39) is connected with the driving sprocket (41), the driving sprocket (41) is connected with a side plate (7) through a bearing and a bearing seat I (10), the driving sprocket (41) is connected with the driven sprocket (40) through the chain (32), the driven sprocket (40) is connected with the side plate (7) through a bearing and a bearing seat II (31), one end of the driven sprocket (40) is connected with the screw shaft (38), the other end of the screw shaft (38) is connected with the side plate (7) through a bearing, and a reverse helical blade (37) is arranged on the screw shaft (38).
2. The fritillary bulb furrow surface covering machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the scraping plate (21) is positioned at one side of the pressing wheel (22).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011333808.3A CN112314078B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011333808.3A CN112314078B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine |
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| CN112314078A CN112314078A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
| CN112314078B true CN112314078B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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| CN102090168A (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2011-06-15 | 张掖市农业机械化综合服务中心 | Potato profiling ridging seeder and potato seeding method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN112314078A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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