CN112314078A - Fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine - Google Patents
Fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314078A CN112314078A CN202011333808.3A CN202011333808A CN112314078A CN 112314078 A CN112314078 A CN 112314078A CN 202011333808 A CN202011333808 A CN 202011333808A CN 112314078 A CN112314078 A CN 112314078A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 241000935235 Fritillaria meleagris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 241001644291 Fritillaria ussuriensis Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000605372 Fritillaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001644294 Fritillaria pallidiflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000234280 Liliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C9/00—Potato planters
- A01C9/08—Potato planters with other distributing devices, e.g. flaps, screws, horizontal turning plates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
A fritillary bulb rectangular pieces of land on a field surface banking machine relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment and comprises a rack, a banking plow, a trimming shovel, a rectangular bed shaping device, a compacting device and a transmission system, wherein a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam are transversely arranged between the middle parts of two side plates of the rack, an upper rack cross beam and a lower rack cross beam are respectively transversely arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the rear parts of the two side plates, the banking plow is arranged below a bearing beam, the upper rack cross beam is connected with a connecting rod through a supporting rod, and the connecting rod is respectively connected with the rectangular bed shaping device and the compacting device through an adjusting rod and a compacting; rectangular steel pipes are welded on two sides of the upper frame cross beam and the lower frame cross beam and are connected with the trimming shovel through the earthing depth adjusting rod; and a transmission system is arranged on the bevel gear speed reducer and the transmission system supporting beam. The fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine realizes quick harvesting and immediate sowing of fritillary bulbs, and has a more complete operation flow.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a fritillaria ussuriensis rectangular pieces ridge surface soil covering machine.
Background art:
fritillary bulb, also called fritillary bulb, is one of fritillary medicinal materials and is the bulb of fritillary bulb of a two-year herbaceous plant of the family liliaceae. The fritillary bulb is divided into an underground bulb and an overground bulb, the fritillary bulb mainly has the medicinal value of the underground bulb, is shaped like an oblate disk, has the average size of 3-30 mm, is formed by holding 2-3 semilunar oblate phosphorus petals, is shaped like a poly-fritillary bulb and is flat, and therefore the fritillary bulb is named. The fritillary bulb is a traditional and precious bulk medicinal material in China, is an important commodity for earning foreign exchange in China, and is very popular in Chinese medicinal material markets at home and abroad. The artificial planting of fritillaria ussuriensis is mainly distributed in the areas of great, lesser Khingan and northeast Changbai mountain of Heilongjiang river, wherein the planting areas of Jilin leading, Shanzhi city of Heilongjiang province, Hailin city and Tieli city are the largest and the scale is formed, and the method is a main means for local enrichment. At present, the operation of fritillaria ussuriensis mainly comprises manual harvesting and sowing, and mechanical harvesting and sowing are started in partial main production areas of fritillaria ussuriensis, so that the operation efficiency is effectively improved, but the mechanical harvesting and sowing are not matched, the operation process is complicated (comprising the steps of harvesting, cleaning, grading, sowing, covering soil and the like), and the operation efficiency is low.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides the fritillaria ussuriensis rectangular-grid surface soil covering machine, which reduces the operation links in the fritillaria ussuriensis seed harvesting process, improves the operation effect and achieves the expected effect.
In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the soil covering plough is connected with a tractor through the suspension mechanism, the soil covering plough is arranged below the bearing beam, one side of the upper frame beam is connected with the suspension mechanism, the other side of the upper frame beam is connected with a connecting rod through a supporting rod, and the connecting rod is connected with the ridge bed shaping device and the rolling device through an adjusting rod and a rolling wheel depth adjusting rod respectively; rectangular steel pipes are welded on two sides of the upper frame cross beam and the lower frame cross beam and are connected with the trimming shovel through the earthing depth adjusting rod; and the bevel gear speed reducer and the transmission system supporting beam are provided with a transmission system, and the transmission system is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor.
The earthing plough is connected with the bearing beam through the earthing plough mounting seat, and the earthing plough mounting seat is provided with an adjusting bolt.
The suspension mechanism comprises a suspension frame, the suspension frame is arranged on a bearing beam, two lower suspension points of the suspension frame are connected with a lower suspension rod of a tractor through pins, an upper suspension point of the suspension frame is connected with the upper suspension rod of the tractor through a pin, a rear suspension point of the suspension frame is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and a clamping seat through a frame connecting rod of the suspension frame, and the upper U-shaped clamp and the clamping seat are arranged on an upper frame beam.
The press device comprises a press wheel adjusting rod, a press wheel connecting rod and a press wheel mounting bearing and a bearing seat, one end of the supporting rod is connected with the upper frame cross beam, the other end of the supporting rod is connected with the connecting rod through the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of the press wheel adjusting rod, the other end of the press wheel adjusting rod is connected with the middle of the press wheel connecting rod, one end of the press wheel connecting rod is connected with the press wheel through the press wheel mounting bearing and the bearing seat, and the other end of the press wheel connecting.
The ridge-up bed shaping device comprises an adjusting rod, a scraping plate, a ridge-up bed shaping plate and an adjusting rod mounting plate, one end of the adjusting rod is connected to the connecting rod, the other side of the adjusting rod is connected with the adjusting rod mounting plate, the scraping plate is welded to the adjusting rod mounting plate and is connected with the ridge-up bed shaping plate through threads.
The scraper is positioned on one side of the press wheel.
Trimming shovel and trimming shovel reinforcing plate be connected, trimming shovel reinforcing plate welds in earthing depth connecting plate both ends, earthing depth connecting plate and rectangular pieces of land in a field bed shaping plate are connected, the welding of earthing depth connecting plate upper end has and hides the native board, earthing depth connecting plate and the welding of earthing depth adjusting lever, the earthing depth adjusting lever passes the rectangle steel pipe and is connected with adjustment handle, earthing depth adjusting lever is connected and relative motion with the cooperation of rectangle steel pipe.
The transmission system comprises a bevel gear reducer, an intermediate transmission shaft, a screw shaft, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, wherein the bevel gear reducer is connected with a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam through a bevel gear reducer mounting plate, the input end of the bevel gear reducer is connected with a power output shaft of a tractor through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer is connected with one end of the intermediate transmission shaft through a coupler, the other end of the intermediate transmission shaft is connected with the driving sprocket, the driving sprocket is connected with a side plate through a bearing and a bearing seat I, the driving sprocket is connected with the driven sprocket through the chain, the driven sprocket is connected with the side plate through a bearing and a bearing seat II, the driven sprocket is connected with one end of the screw.
The working process is as follows:
1) the front section adopts a two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvester to clean the surface soil of the ridge surface, loosens the fritillaria ussuriensis and the soil mixing layer, fully dries, lifts and transports after drying, separates fritillaria ussuriensis and soil mixing, separates out larger bulbs, and spreads the remaining bulbs on the ridge surface to form an operation channel;
2) the middle section carries out the work of soil covering and shaping by using the fritillaria ussuriensis ridge surface soil covering machine, the frame is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, and soil in the operation channel is turned up to the two sides of the ridge surface by using a soil covering plough;
3) soil upturned to the two sides of the ridge surface is conveyed to the middle of the ridge surface through the reverse spiral blades, so that secondary soil covering is realized;
4) the height of the trimming shovel and the earthing depth adjusting plate is adjusted by using an adjusting handle, so that the adjustment of the earthing thickness and the trimming of the operation channel are realized;
5) the soil is compacted and covered by a press wheel, so that soil moisture preservation is realized;
6) the soil on the surface of the press wheel is scraped by using the scraping plate, when the press wheel carries out the soil covering and compacting work on the surface layer of the ridge surface, the press wheel rotates to be in contact with the scraping plate, and the scraping plate plays a role in scraping the soil on the surface of the press wheel;
7) the ridge surface is shaped through the ridge bed shaping plate, a furrow is shaped, the side fall of soil scraped from the press wheel by the scraper is limited, the scraped soil is shaped, and the ridge surface is guaranteed to be neat;
8) covering head covering manure with the thickness of 2.0-3.0 cm on the furrow surface by using a fertilizer spreading machine at the rear section;
9) the mechanical collection and seeding of fritillaria ussuriensis and the covering of soil on the furrow surface are completed.
The method has the advantages that the quick harvesting and immediate sowing of the fritillaria ussuriensis are realized, the operation flow is more complete, the function is more powerful, and various technical indexes meet the agricultural requirements.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
referring to the drawings, the present invention specifically adopts the following embodiments: comprises a frame, a soil covering plough 1, a trimming shovel 28, a ridge bed shaping device, a compacting device and a transmission system, wherein the frame comprises a bearing beam 4, an upper frame beam 12, a lower frame beam 15, two side plates 7, a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam 34, the bearing beam 4 is erected between the front parts of the two side plates 7, the bevel gear reducer and the transmission system supporting beam 34 are erected between the middle parts of the two side plates 7, the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15 are erected above and below the rear parts of the two side plates 7 respectively, the ridge-up machine is characterized in that the bearing beam 4 is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, the soil covering plough 1 is arranged below the bearing beam 4, one side of the upper frame beam 12 is connected with the suspension mechanism, the other side of the upper frame beam 12 is connected with a connecting rod 36 through a supporting rod 16, and the connecting rod 36 is respectively connected with a ridge bed shaping device and a compacting device through an adjusting rod 18 and a compacting wheel depth adjusting rod 25; rectangular steel pipes 14 are welded on two sides of the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15, and the rectangular steel pipes 14 are connected with a trimming shovel 28 through a soil covering depth adjusting rod 17; a transmission system is arranged on the bevel gear speed reducer and transmission system supporting beam 34, and the transmission system is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor. The soil covering plough 1 is connected with the bearing beam 4 through the soil covering plough mounting seat 2, and the soil covering plough mounting seat 2 is provided with an adjusting bolt. The suspension mechanism comprises a suspension bracket 5, the suspension bracket 5 is arranged on a bearing beam 4, two lower suspension points 3 of the suspension bracket 5 are connected with a lower suspension rod of a tractor through pins, an upper suspension point 6 of the suspension bracket 5 is connected with the upper suspension rod of the tractor through a pin, a rear suspension point 8 of the suspension bracket 5 is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and clamping seat 11 through a frame connecting rod 9 and a frame connecting rod 9, and the upper U-shaped clamp and clamping seat 11 is arranged on an upper frame beam 12. The press device includes that press wheel adjusts pole 25, press wheel 22, press wheel connecting rod 24 and press wheel installation bearing and bearing frame 23, 16 one ends of bracing piece are connected with last frame crossbeam 12, the 16 other ends of bracing piece pass through connecting rod 36 to be connected, adjust pole 25 one end with press wheel on the connecting rod 36 to be connected, the press wheel is adjusted the pole 25 other end and is connected with 24 middle parts of press wheel connecting rod, press wheel connecting rod 24 one end is passed through press wheel installation bearing and bearing frame 23 and is connected with press wheel 22, the press wheel connecting rod 24 other end passes through tie point 26 and is connected with undercarriage crossbeam 15. The ridge bed shaping device comprises an adjusting rod 18, a soil scraping plate 21, a ridge bed shaping plate 20 and an adjusting rod mounting plate 19, one end of the adjusting rod 18 is connected to a connecting rod 36, the other side of the adjusting rod 18 is connected with the adjusting rod mounting plate 19, the soil scraping plate 21 is welded to the adjusting rod mounting plate 19, and the soil scraping plate 21 is connected with the ridge bed shaping plate 20 through threads. The scraper bar 21 is located at one side of the press wheel 22. Trimming shovel and trimming shovel reinforcing plate 27 be connected, trimming shovel reinforcing plate 27 welds in earthing depth connecting plate 29 both ends, earthing depth connecting plate 29 is connected with rectangular pieces of land bed shaping plate 20, earthing depth connecting plate 29 upper end welding has and hides native board 30, earthing depth connecting plate 29 and earthing depth adjusting rod 17 welding, earthing depth adjusting rod 17 passes rectangular steel pipe 14 and is connected with adjustment handle 13, earthing depth adjusting rod 17 is connected and relative motion with rectangular steel pipe 14 cooperation. The transmission system comprises a bevel gear reducer 44, an intermediate transmission shaft 39 and a screw shaft 39, the tractor comprises a driving sprocket 41, a driven sprocket 40 and a chain 32, wherein a bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam 34 through a bevel gear reducer mounting plate 33, the input end of the bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with a power output shaft of a tractor through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer 44 is connected with one end of an intermediate transmission shaft 39 through a coupler 42, the other end of the intermediate transmission shaft 39 is connected with the driving sprocket 41, the driving sprocket 41 is connected with a side plate 7 through a bearing and a bearing seat I10, the driving sprocket 41 is connected with the driven sprocket 40 through the chain 32, the driven sprocket 40 is connected with the side plate 7 through a bearing and a bearing seat II 31, the driven sprocket 40 is connected with one end of a spiral shaft 38, the other end.
The working process is as follows:
1) the front section adopts a two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvester to clean the surface soil of the ridge surface, loosens the fritillaria ussuriensis and the soil mixing layer, fully dries, lifts and transports after drying, separates fritillaria ussuriensis and soil mixing, separates out larger bulbs, and spreads the remaining bulbs on the ridge surface to form an operation channel;
2) the middle section carries out the work of soil covering and shaping by using the fritillaria ussuriensis ridge surface soil covering machine, the frame is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, and soil in the operation channel is turned up to the two sides of the ridge surface by using a soil covering plough;
3) soil upturned to the two sides of the ridge surface is conveyed to the middle of the ridge surface through the reverse spiral blades, so that secondary soil covering is realized;
4) the height of the trimming shovel and the earthing depth adjusting plate is adjusted by using an adjusting handle, so that the adjustment of the earthing thickness and the trimming of the operation channel are realized;
5) the soil is compacted and covered by a press wheel, so that soil moisture preservation is realized;
6) the soil on the surface of the press wheel is scraped by using the scraping plate, when the press wheel carries out the soil covering and compacting work on the surface layer of the ridge surface, the press wheel rotates to be in contact with the scraping plate, and the scraping plate plays a role in scraping the soil on the surface of the press wheel;
7) the ridge surface is shaped through the ridge bed shaping plate, a furrow is shaped, the side fall of soil scraped from the press wheel by the scraper is limited, the scraped soil is shaped, and the ridge surface is guaranteed to be neat;
8) covering head covering manure with the thickness of 2.0-3.0 cm on the furrow surface by using a fertilizer spreading machine at the rear section;
9) the mechanical collection and seeding of fritillaria ussuriensis and the covering of soil on the furrow surface are completed.
The fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine mainly comprises a soil covering plough, a suspension device connected with a tractor, a rack, a soil covering screw device, a trimming shovel and soil covering depth adjusting device, a ridge bed shaping device, a pressing device and a transmission system. The frame is formed by welding a bearing beam 4, an upper frame beam 12, a lower frame beam 15, a side plate 7, a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam 33. The bearing beam 4 is positioned at the front section of the frame, the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15 are positioned at the rear end of the frame, the bevel gear reducer and transmission system supporting beam 33 is positioned in the middle of the frame, and the bevel gear reducer and transmission system supporting beam 33 are respectively welded with the two frame side plates 7. The soil covering plough 1 is connected to the bearing beam 4 of the frame through the soil covering plough mounting seat 2, the bolt on the soil covering plough mounting seat 2 is adjusted, the position of the soil covering plough 1 relative to the soil covering plough mounting seat 2 is changed, and the depth of the soil covering plough is adjusted. Two lower suspension points 3 are connected with the lower suspension rod of the tractor through pins, and one upper suspension point 6 is connected with the upper suspension rod of the tractor through pins. The rear end of the suspension device is welded with a rear suspension point 8, the rear suspension point 8 and an upper U-shaped clamp and clamping seat 11 are connected with a frame connecting rod 9 through a suspension bracket, and the upper U-shaped clamp and clamping seat 11 are installed on an upper frame beam 12. Two rectangular steel pipes 14 are welded on two sides of the upper frame beam 12 and the lower frame beam 15 respectively. Two bracing pieces 16 weld on frame entablature 12, and the other end links to each other with adjusting pole 18, two press wheel degree of depth regulation poles 25 through connecting rod 36, and two press wheel degree of depth regulation poles 25 other ends link to each other with press wheel connecting rod 24 middle part. One end of the press wheel connecting rod 24 is connected with the press wheel 22 through a press wheel mounting bearing and a bearing seat 23, and the other end is connected with the lower frame cross beam 15 through a connecting point 26. The connecting rod 36 passes through the hole at one end of the two side supporting rods 16 and the hole at one side of the middle adjusting rod 18, the other side of the adjusting rod 18 is connected with the adjusting rod mounting plate 19, the adjusting rod mounting plate 19 is welded in the middle of the scraping plate 21, the scraping plate 21 is in threaded connection with the ridge bed shaping plate 20 and is adjustable in the front and back direction, the ridge bed shaping plate 20 is connected with the soil covering depth connecting plate 29, and the trimming shovel reinforcing plates 27 are welded at two ends of the soil covering depth connecting plate 29 for 4. Two trimming shovels 28 are connected with a trimming shovel reinforcing plate 27 and are arranged on two sides of an earthing depth connecting plate 29, an earth covering plate 30 is welded at the upper end of the earthing depth connecting plate 29 to prevent soil from being thrown backwards from the upper end of the earthing depth connecting plate 29, the earthing depth connecting plate 29 is welded with an earthing depth connecting rod 17, the earthing depth connecting rod 17 is matched with a rectangular steel pipe 14, relative movement of the earthing depth connecting rod 17 and the rectangular steel pipe 14 is changed through an adjusting handle 13, and adjustment of earthing depth is achieved. Tractor power output shaft links into awl tooth reduction gear 44 input through universal drive shaft, awl tooth reduction gear 44 output passes through the shaft coupling 42 and is connected with middle transmission shaft 39 one end, middle transmission shaft 39 in proper order with shaft coupling 42, bearing and bearing frame 31, drive sprocket 41 cooperatees, drive sprocket 41 passes through chain 32 and is connected with driven sprocket 40, driven sprocket 40 and screw axis 38 cooperation, the welding has reverse helical blade 37 on the screw axis 38, the rotatory awl tooth reduction gear 44 that drives of tractor power output shaft slows down and the diversion, it is rotatory to drive jackshaft 39, through drive sprocket 41 and driven sprocket 40, chain 32 transmits for screw axis 38 and reverse helical blade 37, accomplish soil secondary and to the middle conveying in the ridge face, reach the effect of earthing.
The soil covering plough 1 turns the soil in the operation channel upwards to the two sides of the ridge surface, the soil turned upwards to the ridge surface is conveyed to the middle of the ridge surface through the reverse conveying screw device to realize secondary soil covering, the heights of the trimming shovel 28 and the soil covering depth adjusting plate 29 are adjusted to realize adjustment of the soil covering thickness and trimming of the operation channel, and the covering soil is compacted through the press wheel 22 to realize soil moisture preservation. The power of the whole process is provided by a tractor, and the connection mode is a suspension type.
The fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine is matched with a two-stage fritillary bulb harvesting machine to be used together to finish the mechanical harvesting and seeding of fritillary bulbs and the ridge surface soil covering work, and the two-stage fritillary bulb harvesting machine is a patent applied by the inventor in 2019 and has the patent number of 2019109474773.
Firstly, determining the size of a ridge bed, the thickness of covering soil and the thickness of head covering manure, determining the width of the top surface of the ridge bed to be 1-1.1 m, the width of the bottom surface of the ridge bed to be 1.1-1.2 m and the trapezoidal cross section according to the distance between the left wheel and the right wheel of a power tractor matched with fritillaria ussuriensis mechanical harvesting production equipment, and determining the width of an operation channel to be 0.4-0.5 m according to test data of a two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvesting machine, wherein the length of the ridge bed is determined according to the situation but is not too short, and is not beneficial to mechanized operation; according to test data of the two-section fritillaria ussuriensis maxim harvester, the thickness of the head covering manure and the thickness of the soil covering layer are respectively 2-3 cm and 4-6 cm, the bottom soil is about 6cm, and the height of the furrow bed is 10-12 cm, so that the field management is enhanced, the two-section fritillaria ussuriensis maxim harvester is adjusted, a soil loosening hook in the two-section fritillaria ussuriensis maxim harvester is used for operating the furrow bed, the soil loosening operation changes the growth position of fritillaria ussuriensis maxim, the field weeding, moss removing and hard covering soil operation can be performed before emergence of seedlings and after seedling withering by adjusting the fritillaria ussuriensis maxim surface soil stripping machine again while preventing the yield reduction of fritillaria ussuriensis maxim, and the emergence and growth of fritillaria ussuriensis are.
And then cleaning up the surface soil of the ridge surface to a furrow by using a two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvesting machine, loosening a mixture of fritillaria ussuriensis and soil by a soil loosening mechanism in the two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvesting machine, fully airing the fritillaria ussuriensis to achieve a separation condition, lifting and separating the fritillaria by using a lifting device of the two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvesting machine, separating the fritillaria by using a roller device in the two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvesting machine again, and uniformly paving the fritillaria ussuriensis separated and fallen by using a roller screen surface on the ridge surface.
And then covering the cleaned surface soil of the ridge surface and the furrow soil on the ridge surface by using the fritillaria ussuriensis ridge surface soil covering machine to form a ridge bed.
Finally, covering manure is paved by adopting a fertilizer distributor product formed in the market, and the integrated work of fritillaria ussuriensis harvesting and sowing and ridge surface soil covering is completed.
On the basis of the original cultivation technology, after stems of fritillary plants are transplanted, bulbs of the fritillary plants are dug out every two years, turning cultivation is directly carried out, surface soil and rotten leaves of dead branches are removed by a surface soil stripper, the fritillary is separated from the soil by an elevating separation device, according to the principle of reserving seeds and enough planting, the size of a sieve pore is selected, fritillary smaller than the sieve pore is reserved on the surface of an original ridge, then a ridge surface covering machine is adopted to cover soil, and fritillary bulbs larger than the sieve pore are cultivated in a classified mode or sold as commodities; and (3) removing surface soil by adopting a surface soil stripping machine every year, loosening the fritillaria pallidiflora on the ridge surface in situ by using a soil loosening ditch, and covering soil by using a ridge surface covering machine. The annual harvesting and annual soil loosening are realized; the seed is collected into a whole, and the machine has multiple functions. Meanwhile, soil is kept loose, soil ventilation conditions are improved, aerobic microbial activity is enhanced, and soil available nutrients are released; the aging of the shell seeds is prevented while water storage and soil moisture preservation are carried out, and the quality of the shell seeds is protected; preventing tissue degeneration of Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis, promoting reproduction and development of Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis, and increasing yield and number of Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis. The experiment shows that the fresh shellfish can be increased by about 50 jin per mu, the breeding number of the seed shellfish per plant can be increased by 13.4, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
In conclusion, the fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine establishes a fritillary bulb mechanical harvesting-soil covering mode, supplements the fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine on the basis of two-section fritillary bulb harvesting equipment, realizes quick harvesting and immediate sowing of fritillary bulbs, is more complete in operation flow and more powerful in function, and meets the agricultural requirements for various technical indexes.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a fritillary bulb rectangular pieces of land in a field face banking machine, which comprises a frame, suspension mechanism, cover native plough (1), maintain shovel (28), rectangular pieces of land in a field bed shaping device, suppression device and transmission system, the frame includes spandrel girder (4), go up frame crossbeam (12), undercarriage crossbeam (15), two curb plate (7) and awl tooth reduction gear and transmission system supporting beam (34), it has spandrel girder (4) to erect between two curb plate (7) front portions, the crossbearer has awl tooth reduction gear and transmission system supporting beam (34) between two curb plate (7) middle parts, two curb plate (7) rear portions are respectively the crossbearer from top to bottom have last frame crossbeam (12) and undercarriage crossbeam (15), its characterized in that: the ridge-bearing beam (4) is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, the soil covering plough (1) is arranged below the ridge-bearing beam (4), one side of an upper frame cross beam (12) is connected with the suspension mechanism, the other side of the upper frame cross beam (12) is connected with a connecting rod (36) through a supporting rod (16), and the connecting rod (36) is respectively connected with a ridge bed shaping device and a compacting device through an adjusting rod (18) and a compacting wheel depth adjusting rod (25); rectangular steel pipes (14) are welded on two sides of the upper frame beam (12) and the lower frame beam (15), and the rectangular steel pipes (14) are connected with a trimming shovel (28) through a soil covering depth adjusting rod (17); a transmission system is arranged on the bevel gear speed reducer and the transmission system supporting beam (34), and the transmission system is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor.
2. The fritillary pallium rectangular pieces ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the soil covering plough (1) is connected with the bearing beam (4) through the soil covering plough mounting seat (2), and the soil covering plough mounting seat (2) is provided with an adjusting bolt.
3. The fritillary pallium rectangular pieces ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the suspension mechanism comprises a suspension frame (5), the suspension frame (5) is arranged on a bearing beam (4), two lower suspension points (3) of the suspension frame (5) are connected with a lower suspension rod of a tractor through pins, an upper suspension point (6) of the suspension frame (5) is connected with the upper suspension rod of the tractor through pins, a rear suspension point (8) of the suspension frame (5) is connected with an upper U-shaped clamp and clamping seat (11) through a frame connecting rod (9) and a frame connecting rod, and the upper U-shaped clamp and clamping seat (11) is arranged on an upper frame cross beam (12).
4. The fritillary pallium rectangular pieces ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the press device includes that press wheel adjusts pole (25), press wheel (22), press wheel connecting rod (24) and press wheel erection bearing and bearing frame (23), bracing piece (16) one end is connected with last frame crossbeam (12), bracing piece (16) other end passes through connecting rod (36) to be connected, adjust pole (25) one end with press wheel on connecting rod (36) and be connected, press wheel is adjusted the pole (25) other end and is connected with press wheel connecting rod (24) middle part, press wheel connecting rod (24) one end is passed through press wheel erection bearing and bearing frame (23) and is connected with press wheel (22), press wheel connecting rod (24) other end passes through tie point (26) and is connected with undercarriage crossbeam (15).
5. The fritillary pallium rectangular pieces ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the ridge bed shaping device comprises an adjusting rod (18), a soil scraping plate (21), a ridge bed shaping plate (20) and an adjusting rod mounting plate (19), one end of the adjusting rod (18) is connected to a connecting rod (36), the other side of the adjusting rod (18) is connected with the adjusting rod mounting plate (19), the soil scraping plate (21) is welded to the adjusting rod mounting plate (19), and the soil scraping plate (21) is connected with the ridge bed shaping plate (20) through threads.
6. The fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the scraper bar (21) is positioned at one side of the press wheel (22).
7. The fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: trimming shovel (28) is connected with trimming shovel reinforcing plate (27), trimming shovel reinforcing plate (27) welds in earthing degree of depth connecting plate (29) both ends, earthing degree of depth connecting plate (29) are connected with rectangular bed trimming plate (20), earthing degree of depth connecting plate (29) upper end welding has hides native board (30), earthing degree of depth connecting plate (29) and earthing degree of depth regulation pole (17) welding, earthing degree of depth regulation pole (17) pass rectangle steel pipe (14) and are connected with adjustment handle (13), earthing degree of depth regulation pole (17) are connected and relative motion with rectangle steel pipe (14) cooperation.
8. The fritillary pallium rectangular pieces ridge surface soil covering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission system comprises a bevel gear reducer (44), an intermediate transmission shaft (39), a screw shaft (39), a driving sprocket (41), a driven sprocket (40) and a chain (32), wherein the bevel gear reducer (44) is connected with a bevel gear reducer and a transmission system supporting beam (34) through a bevel gear reducer mounting plate (33), the input end of the bevel gear reducer (44) is connected with a tractor power output shaft through a universal transmission shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer (44) is connected with one end of the intermediate transmission shaft (39) through a coupler (42), the other end of the intermediate transmission shaft (39) is connected with the driving sprocket (41), the driving sprocket (41) is connected with a side plate (7) through a bearing and a bearing seat I (10), the driving sprocket (41) is connected with the driven sprocket (40) through the chain (32), the driven sprocket (40) is connected with the side plate (7) through a bearing and a bearing seat II (, the driven chain wheel (40) is connected with one end of a screw shaft (38), the other end of the screw shaft (38) is connected with the side plate (7) through a bearing, and a reverse helical blade (37) is arranged on the screw shaft (38).
9. The use method of the fritillary bulb ridge surface soil covering machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the working process is as follows:
1) the front section adopts a two-section fritillaria ussuriensis harvester to clean the surface soil of the ridge surface, loosens the fritillaria ussuriensis and the soil mixing layer, fully dries, lifts and transports after drying, separates fritillaria ussuriensis and soil mixing, separates out larger bulbs, and spreads the remaining bulbs on the ridge surface to form an operation channel;
2) the middle section carries out the work of soil covering and shaping by using the fritillaria ussuriensis ridge surface soil covering machine, the frame is connected with a tractor through a suspension mechanism, and soil in an operation channel is turned up to the two sides of the ridge surface by using a soil covering plough (1);
3) the soil turned up to the two sides of the ridge surface is conveyed to the middle of the ridge surface through reverse spiral blades (37) to realize secondary soil covering;
4) the height of a trimming shovel (28) and a soil covering depth adjusting plate is adjusted by using an adjusting handle (13), so that the adjustment of the soil covering thickness and the trimming of a working channel are realized;
5) the covering soil is compacted through a compacting wheel (22) to realize soil moisture preservation;
6) soil on the surface of the press wheel (22) is scraped by the scraper (21), when the press wheel (22) carries out soil covering and compacting on the surface layer of the furrow, the press wheel (22) rotates to contact with the scraper (21), and the scraper (21) plays a role in scraping the soil on the surface of the press wheel (22);
7) the ridge surface is shaped through the ridge bed shaping plate (20), a furrow is shaped, the side fall of soil scraped from the press wheel (22) by the scraper (21) is limited, the scraped soil is shaped, and the ridge surface is enabled to be drawn neatly;
8) covering head covering manure with the thickness of 2.0-3.0 cm on the furrow surface by using a fertilizer spreading machine at the rear section;
9) the mechanical collection and seeding of fritillaria ussuriensis and the covering of soil on the furrow surface are completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011333808.3A CN112314078B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011333808.3A CN112314078B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fritillary bulb furrow surface soil covering machine |
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| CN112314078B CN112314078B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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| CN112314078B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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