CN112247686A - Vertical numerical control forming grinder - Google Patents
Vertical numerical control forming grinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN112247686A CN112247686A CN202011041210.7A CN202011041210A CN112247686A CN 112247686 A CN112247686 A CN 112247686A CN 202011041210 A CN202011041210 A CN 202011041210A CN 112247686 A CN112247686 A CN 112247686A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0046—Column grinding machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
- B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/006—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical numerical control forming grinder, which is a vertical processing structure and has the functions of adjusting in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and simultaneously, the rotation of a circular processing cutter and the rotation of a rotating grinding wheel main shaft of a rotating swing arm are taken into consideration by a jig rotating shaft to realize multi-angle adjusting grinding, a special-shaped cutter edge of the circular processing cutter and a cutter edge with multiple sections of arc gradients can be processed, the circular processing cutter with the processing gradient cutter edge range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees can be ground, and the defect that the traditional numerical control machine can only process a linear cutter edge, an arc cutter edge and a plane is overcome; during processing, the machining angle of the rotating swing arm and the rotating grinding wheel spindle can be adjusted rapidly, the machining angle can be adjusted electrically or manually, the machining angle is adjusted accurately, the machining angle and the inclination of the knife edge are ground accurately, time and labor are saved, and the machining precision can reach 0.01 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control grinding machine equipment, in particular to a vertical numerical control forming grinding machine which adopts a vertical numerical control structure to grind a circular cutter.
Background
In the prior art, grinding machine equipment for grinding a tool generally adopts a fixed grinding wheel spindle to grind the tool, and in the adjustment of the machining and grinding angle of the tool, a machining method for testing the tool for multiple times to obtain the angle is often needed, so that the production efficiency is low, and the machining cost is extremely high; in addition, the traditional grinding machine equipment needs to repeatedly process the cutting edge of the cutter for each time when machining cutters with different cutting edge gradients, and tests the adjustment angle until the cutting edge meets the production requirements of a drawing, so that time and labor are wasted, and the precision of the cutting edge angle is difficult to guarantee. The traditional numerical control grinding machine equipment can only process linear cuts, circular arc cuts and planes of cutters, and is difficult to grind and process cutters with special tooth opening structures and multi-section arc cutting edges, because the general structural shapes of special-shaped cutting edges are complex, the path of the cutters needing grinding is variable, the shapes and the sizes of teeth in the cutting edges are not all the same, the existing grinding equipment is difficult to realize the functions, even if the conventional numerical control grinding machine equipment can carry out grinding processing reluctantly, large-scale production cannot be realized due to low processing precision, the rejection rate is extremely high, and the production cost is greatly increased. Finally, the machined tool needs manual detection or needs to be unloaded and then transported to other detection instruments for detection, so that time and labor are wasted, the detection strength is high, and the cost is high.
Therefore, a vertical numerical control forming grinder which can adjust the machining angle of the special-shaped cutting edge of the circular cutter head, improve the machining efficiency and the machining precision and reduce the rejection rate and the production cost needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a vertical numerical control forming grinder which is of a vertical processing structure and has the functions of adjusting the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and simultaneously, the rotation of a circular processing cutter and the rotation of a rotating grinding wheel main shaft of a rotating swing arm are realized by a jig rotating shaft to realize multi-angle adjusting grinding, a special-shaped cutter edge and a multi-section arc-slope cutter edge of the circular processing cutter can be processed, the circular processing cutter with the processing slope cutter edge range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees can be ground, and the defect that the traditional numerical control machine can only process a linear cutter edge, an arc cutter edge and a plane is avoided; during machining, the machining angles of the rotating swing arm and the rotating grinding wheel spindle can be quickly adjusted, the machining angles can be adjusted electrically or manually, the machining angle is accurately adjusted, the machining angle and the inclination of the knife edge are accurately ground, and time and labor are saved; the path of the tool path is set according to different shapes or sizes of the cutting edges, so that the tool has a very remarkable effect on the circular processing tools with special-shaped edges and the like in the multi-axis linkage processing operation, the grinding and grinding processing of the complex special-shaped edges can be performed on the circular processing tools, the processing precision can reach 0.01mm, the processing precision is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the rejection rate is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced; meanwhile, a visual detection system which is used for real-time on-line working without detaching the circular machining tool after machining is arranged in the grinding machine, the finished circular machining tool can be accurately detected in real time, the finished circular machining tool can be packaged to be shipped if the finished circular machining tool is qualified, secondary machining or standby machining and the like are carried out on unqualified marks, and the detection is quick and accurate, time-saving, labor-saving, quick and efficient.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a vertical numerical control forming grinder comprises a grinder table, an X-axis workbench, a Y-axis workbench, a Z-axis bracket, a high-precision machining rotating shaft, a rotating swing arm and a rotating grinding wheel spindle, wherein the X-axis workbench and the Y-axis workbench are arranged on the grinder table; the multi-axis linkage framework which integrally has an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis, a high-precision machining rotating shaft and a rotating grinding wheel spindle carries out machining control, machining can be carried out by matching the multi-axis linkage with the swing angle of the rotating grinding wheel spindle, the special-shaped knife edges such as special tooth openings and multi-section arc-shaped knife edges are easily ground, and the machining angle is accurate.
The X-axis workbench is provided with an X-axis support with double-track X-axis guide rail bars, an X-axis sliding plate matched with the double-track X-axis guide rail bars is arranged between the double-track X-axis guide rail bars, an X-axis numerical control motor is arranged in the end part of the X-axis workbench, the output end of the X-axis numerical control motor is provided with an X-axis screw rod which is arranged in the X-axis support and connected and arranged with the X-axis sliding plate, the X-axis sliding plate is provided with a jig numerical control motor and a jig rotating shaft arranged at the output end of the jig numerical control; the X-axis structure is an X-axis transverse moving structure, so that the sliding of the X-axis sliding plate in the X-axis direction and the sliding of the jig rotating shaft in the X-axis direction are realized, the sliding of the circular machining tool in the X-axis direction can be adjusted, the circular machining tool is installed on the jig rotating disc, the planar rotation is realized through the jig numerical control motor and the jig rotating shaft, after a knife edge is machined, the jig numerical control motor controls the jig rotating disc and the circular machining tool to perform fine adjustment rotation, and the grinding of the next knife edge is continued; or the tool rotating disc and the circular machining tool are controlled by the tool numerical control motor to rotate in a fine adjustment mode, grinding machining is carried out on different slopes and grinding angles of the tool edge, and machining, adjusting and grinding are fast, efficient and accurate.
The Y-axis workbench is provided with a Y-axis support with double-track Y-axis guide rails, a Y-axis sliding plate matched with the double-track Y-axis guide rails is arranged between the double-track Y-axis guide rails, a Y-axis numerical control motor is arranged in the end part of the Y-axis workbench, and the output end of the Y-axis numerical control motor is provided with a Y-axis screw rod which is arranged in the Y-axis support and connected with the Y-axis sliding plate; the Y-axis structure is a Y-axis transverse moving structure and can control the sliding of the whole Z-axis support in the Y-axis direction.
The Z-axis bracket is vertically arranged on the Y-axis sliding plate, the Z-axis bracket is provided with double-track Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis sliding plate matched with the double-track Z-axis guide rails is arranged between the double-track Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis numerical control motor is arranged at the top of the Z-axis bracket, and the output end of the Z-axis numerical control motor is provided with a Z-axis screw rod which is arranged in the Z-axis bracket and is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate; the Z-axis structure is a Z-axis longitudinal moving structure and can control the up-and-down moving direction of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, the high-precision machining rotating shaft and the rotating swing arm.
The Z-axis sliding plate is provided with a high-precision machining numerical control motor, a high-precision machining rotating shaft is arranged at the output end of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, a rotating swing arm is fixedly connected with the high-precision machining rotating shaft and is arranged in a forward inclining mode relative to the vertical direction of the Z-axis support, and the rotating swing arm is provided with a rotating numerical control motor, and a swing arm rotating shaft is arranged on the rotating swing arm to drive a rotating grinding wheel spindle to rotate; the high-precision machining rotating shaft has a rotation angle of-10 degrees to +30 degrees relative to the high-precision machining numerical control motor, and the front-back swing angle of the rotating grinding wheel spindle relative to the arrangement direction of the rotating arm rotating shaft is-10 degrees to +30 degrees. The high-precision machining numerical control motor and the high-precision machining rotating shaft can drive the rotating swing arm to rotate, the rotating angle of the rotating swing arm is in a range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees, a certain inclined machining angle is formed for the forward inclined arrangement of the rotating swing arm, the circular machining tool is subjected to inclined grinding, fine adjustment or small adjustment of the grinding and angle adjustment are facilitated, and the grinding efficiency and time are accelerated; the rotary grinding wheel spindle can swing back and forth to adjust the front and back angles of the rotary grinding wheel spindle and the rotary swing arm, the adjusting angle is also in the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees, the processing of the special-shaped knife edge with different gradients and grinding angles is realized, even if different angles such as the front, the back, the left and the right of the special-shaped knife edge can be processed and ground, the efficiency is greatly improved, and the processing difficulty is reduced.
Furthermore, the high-precision processing rotating shaft is installed and connected between the high-precision processing numerical control motors through a processing rotating disc; the high-precision machining rotating shaft and the machining rotating disc, and the swing arm rotating shaft and the rotating grinding wheel spindle are connected and installed through movable joints with adjustable angles, and the movable joints are provided with locking screws and limiting blocks for limiting the rotating angles within the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees. The circular processing cutter is horizontally arranged on a processing rotating disc, is driven to rotate by a high-precision processing rotating shaft and is driven by the power output of a high-precision processing numerical control motor, a movable joint with a corresponding adjustable angle is arranged, so that the angle adjustment in the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees is realized, the rotation in the range of only-10 degrees to +30 degrees is limited by a limiting block, meanwhile, the corresponding rotating swing arm and the rotating grinding wheel spindle of the locking nut can not adjust the rotating angle or the swinging angle when the movable joint is locked, and the corresponding rotating angle or the swinging angle can be adjusted when the locking nut loosens the movable joint.
Furthermore, a circular processing tool is installed on the jig rotating shaft, and a grinding wheel with the grinding precision of 0.01mm for the circular processing tool is installed on the rotating grinding wheel spindle. Various linkage and matching processing inclination cutting edge range processing angles are ground, then according to different cutting edge shapes or different sizes, a proper grinding wheel is selected for grinding, the processing precision of the cutting edge can reach 0.01mm, and the processing precision is high. Since the conventional grinding apparatus cannot grind or cannot grind at a certain angle or inclination, it is difficult to achieve such a machining accuracy of 0.01mm even if a grinding wheel with high machining accuracy is selected without adjustment of a swing or rotation angle or the like.
Furthermore, the rotating speed of the rotating numerical control motor is 2800rpm, the diameter of the rotating swing arm is 250mm, and the diameter of a circular cutter tool arranged on the rotating shaft of the jig is 936 mm. The rotating numerical control motor has high rotating speed, high processing speed and high efficiency, and can also be applied to large-scale circular blade cutters and can grind quickly.
Furthermore, limit stops for limiting the sliding distance of the X-axis sliding plate are arranged at two ends of the X-axis support, and a supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of each limit stop and is fixedly installed on the X-axis support and supports the weight of each limit stop. The limit stop is used for limiting the sliding range of the X-axis sliding plate and avoiding the X-axis sliding plate from being separated from the Y-axis guide rail bar, meanwhile, the limit stop is arranged at the two ends of the X-axis support, so that the circular machining tools can be conveniently arranged on the jig rotating disc in the positions of the two ends of the X-axis support, and the installation and the disassembly of the circular machining tools cannot be limited due to the Z-axis structure and the space of the rotating swing arm.
Furthermore, the Z-axis sliding plate is provided with a high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat, and the high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat is provided with a semicircular sunken arc position which is matched with the outer arc surface of the high-precision machining numerical control motor in a sunken mode. The semicircular sunken arc position of the high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat is specially designed and matched with the outer arc surface of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, so that the high-precision machining numerical control motor is more firmly installed and the installation space is saved.
Furthermore, the X-axis sliding plate and the Y-axis sliding plate are fixedly provided with sliders and are matched with the X-axis guide rail bar and the Y-axis guide rail bar respectively through the sliders to realize sliding. The slide block is used for realizing the matching installation of the related slide plate and the guide rail, and the slide plate is convenient, quick and simple.
Furthermore, the Z-axis sliding plate and the Z-axis guide rail bar are fixedly installed, a square frame is installed on the Z-axis support, and the Z-axis guide rail bar is embedded and installed on a vertical beam on the outer side of the square frame to form movable installation and realize vertical sliding. Because the Z-axis sliding plate moves up and down in the Z direction, the weight of a numerical control motor, a rotating swing arm and the like needs to be borne, and the traditional sliding block structure cannot realize large bearing and sliding; therefore, the Z-axis guide rail bar slides in a matched manner with the square frame, so that the contact area is increased, high stability is maintained, and deviation are not easy to occur.
Furthermore, the tool numerical control motor is also provided with a driver for controlling the tool rotating shaft to accurately start rotating and a controller for controlling the tool rotating shaft to rotate according to a preset angular velocity or linear velocity. The driver and the controller can accurately drive the jig rotating shaft to be accurately started and rotate according to a preset angular velocity or linear velocity, so that the rotating action of the workpiece during machining is accurately controlled.
Furthermore, a photographic visual detection device and a circular cutter cleaning device are fixed at one end of the X-axis workbench; the photographic visual detection device comprises a head-up visual detector, a head-up visual detector and a head-up visual detector, wherein the head-up visual detector is arranged on a head-up visual vertical seat, the head-up visual detector is a head-up camera assembly which is arranged on the head-up visual vertical seat and is adjusted to move up and down by a head-up screw adjusting seat, and the head-up screw transverse adjusting seat used for adjusting the head-up visual vertical seat to move left and right is arranged at the bottom of the head-up visual vertical; the upward visual detector and the downward visual detector are respectively arranged above and below the bracket fixing seat through an upward screw adjusting seat and a downward screw adjusting seat, the peripheries of the upward visual detector and the downward visual detector are respectively provided with a reflector, the upward visual detector is an upward camera assembly which is positioned below the circular cutter tool mounting position and is opposite to the bottom of the circular cutter tool edge, the downward visual detector is an downward camera assembly which is positioned above the circular cutter tool mounting position and is opposite to the top of the circular cutter tool edge, and the upward camera assembly and the circular cutter tool are arranged in a horizontal view; this look up visual detection ware looks up the photographic picture of looking up to circular cutter worker cutter, look up visual detection ware and look up the photographic picture of looking up to circular cutter worker cutter, look down visual detection ware and look down the photographic picture of looking down to circular cutter worker cutter, according to the not equidimension and the different degree of depth, the circular cutter worker cutter of shape sword tooth etc. detects the needs of shooing, can adjust three visual detection ware about, the distance of controlling, the photo that three visual detection ware was shot can carry out the analysis and detection in the rapid transmission data extremely predetermined PC, judge by predetermined software data etc. whether qualified the material that detects. The circular cutter cleaning device comprises an upper brush and a lower brush which are respectively contacted with the top surface and the bottom surface of the circular cutter, and the upper brush and the lower brush are arranged on brush upright posts through brush adjusting seats. Go up the brush and fix a position with lower brush, can be according to not equidimension and different degree of depth, the circular cutter worker's cutter of shape sword tooth etc. passes through brush adjusting seat adjustment upper and lower mounted position, when circular cutter worker's cutter rotated, the brush of going up brush and lower brush constantly contacts with the top surface and the bottom surface edge of circular cutter worker's cutter and cleans, leave over dust on circular cutter worker's cutter, sweep clean up bits material etc. and clean, keep the surface cleaning of circular cutter worker's cutter, avoid producing unnecessary error when making photographic visual detection device shoot.
This look up visual detection device head up the material and photograph, look up visual detection device and look up the material and photograph, the photo that two visual detection device shot can the rapid transfer data carry out analysis and detection to predetermined PC in, judge by predetermined software data etc. whether qualified the material that detects. The combination of the photographic visual detection device and the circular cutter cleaning device can be suitable for detecting and screening circular cutters of different sizes, the adaptability is strong, the overall reliability is high, the influence of the sizes of the circular cutters is avoided, the detection and screening of materials are realized, and the detection accuracy can reach 99.99%.
In conclusion, the vertical numerical control forming grinder disclosed by the invention is a vertical machining structure, has the functions of adjusting in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, simultaneously realizes multi-angle adjustment and grinding by considering the rotation of the circular machining tool by the tool rotating shaft and the rotation of the rotating grinding wheel main shaft of the rotating swing arm, can machine a special-shaped cutter edge and a cutter edge with multiple sections of arc gradients of the circular machining tool, can grind and machine the circular machining tool with the machining gradient cutter edge ranging from-10 degrees to +30 degrees, and avoids the defect that the traditional numerical control machine can only machine a linear cutter edge, an arc cutter edge and a plane; during machining, the machining angles of the rotating swing arm and the rotating grinding wheel spindle can be quickly adjusted, the machining angles can be adjusted electrically or manually, the machining angle is accurately adjusted, the machining angle and the inclination of the knife edge are accurately ground, and time and labor are saved; the tool path is set according to different shapes or sizes of the cutting edges, so that the tool path has a remarkable effect on the circular processing tools with special-shaped edges and the like in multi-axis linkage processing operation, the grinding and grinding processing of the complex special-shaped edges can be performed on the circular processing tools, the processing precision can reach 0.01mm, the processing precision is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the rejection rate is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced. Meanwhile, a visual detection system which is used for real-time on-line working without detaching the circular machining tool after machining is arranged in the grinding machine, the finished circular machining tool can be accurately detected in real time, the finished circular machining tool can be packaged to be shipped if the finished circular machining tool is qualified, secondary machining or standby machining and the like are carried out on unqualified marks, and the detection is quick and accurate, time-saving, labor-saving, quick and efficient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical numerically controlled profile grinder according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a vertical CNC molding grinder according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another direction of a vertical CNC forming grinder according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration in which the photo-vision inspection device and the circular cutter cleaning device inspect a circular machining cutter.
The names of the reference numbers in the drawings are as follows: 1, grinding machine table; 2, an X-axis workbench; 3, a Y-axis workbench; 4, a Z-axis bracket; 5, processing the rotating shaft with high precision; 6, rotating the swing arm; 7, rotating the grinding wheel spindle; 8, an X-axis guide rail bar; 9, an X-axis bracket; 10, an X-axis slide; 11, an X-axis numerical control motor; 12, an X-axis screw; 13, a jig numerical control motor; 15, turning a jig disc; 16, a circular processing cutter; 17, Y-axis guide rail bar; 18, a Y-axis support; 19, Y-axis slide; 20, a Y-axis numerical control motor; 21, a Y-axis screw; 22, Z-axis guide rail bar; 23, a Z-axis slide plate; 24, a Z-axis numerical control motor; 25, Z-axis screw; 26, processing the numerical control motor with high precision; 27, rotating the numerical control motor; 28, a swing arm rotating shaft; 29, processing a rotating disc; 30, limit stops; 31, a support plate; 32, machining a numerical control motor mounting seat with high precision; 33, a slide block; 34, a square frame; 35, a driver; 36, a controller; 37, a photographic visual inspection device; 38, a circular cutter worker cutter cleaning device; 39, head-up vision detector; 40, upward vision detector; 42, head-up vision vertical; 43, looking up the screw rod transverse adjusting seat; 44, a screw adjusting seat is viewed from the bottom; 45, overlooking the screw rod adjusting seat; 46, a bracket fixing seat; 47, a reflector; 48, arranging a brush; 49, a brush adjusting seat; 50, brush column.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A vertical type numerical control forming grinder described in this embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, includes a grinder table 1, an X-axis table 2 and a Y-axis table 3 provided on the grinder table, a Z-axis support 4 standing on the Y-axis table, a high-precision machining rotating shaft 5 provided on the Z-axis support, a rotating swing arm 6 provided on the high-precision machining rotating shaft, and a rotating grinding wheel spindle 7 provided at a lower end portion of the rotating swing arm; the multi-axis linkage framework which integrally has an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis, a high-precision machining rotating shaft and a rotating grinding wheel spindle carries out machining control, machining can be carried out by matching the multi-axis linkage with the swing angle of the rotating grinding wheel spindle, the special-shaped knife edges such as special tooth openings and multi-section arc-shaped knife edges are easily ground, and the machining angle is accurate.
An X-axis bracket 9 with a double-track X-axis guide rail bar 8 is arranged on the X-axis workbench, an X-axis sliding plate 10 matched with the double-track X-axis guide rail bar is arranged between the double-track X-axis guide rail bars, an X-axis numerical control motor 11 arranged in the end part of the X-axis workbench, an X-axis screw 12 arranged in the X-axis bracket and connected with the X-axis sliding plate is arranged at the output end of the X-axis numerical control motor, a jig numerical control motor 13 and a jig rotating shaft (not shown in the figure) arranged at the output end of the X-axis numerical control motor are arranged on the X-axis sliding plate, and a; the X-axis structure is an X-axis transverse moving structure, so that the sliding of the X-axis sliding plate in the X-axis direction and the sliding of the jig rotating shaft in the X-axis direction are realized, namely, the sliding of the circular machining tool 16 in the X-axis direction can be adjusted, the circular machining tool is installed on the jig rotating disc, the plane rotation is realized through the jig numerical control motor and the jig rotating shaft, after a knife edge is machined, the jig numerical control motor controls the jig rotating disc and the circular machining tool to perform fine adjustment rotation, and the grinding of the next knife edge is continued; or the tool rotating disc and the circular machining tool are controlled by the tool numerical control motor to rotate in a fine adjustment mode, grinding machining is carried out on different slopes and grinding angles of the tool edge, and machining, adjusting and grinding are fast, efficient and accurate.
A Y-axis bracket 18 with a double-track Y-axis guide rail bar 17 is arranged on the Y-axis workbench, a Y-axis sliding plate 19 matched with the double-track Y-axis guide rail bar is arranged between the double-track Y-axis guide rail bars, a Y-axis numerical control motor 20 arranged in the end part of the Y-axis workbench, and a Y-axis screw 21 arranged in the Y-axis bracket and connected with the Y-axis sliding plate is arranged at the output end of the Y-axis numerical control motor; the Y-axis structure is a Y-axis transverse moving structure and can control the sliding of the whole Z-axis support in the Y-axis direction.
The Z-axis bracket is vertically arranged on the Y-axis sliding plate, the Z-axis bracket is provided with double-track Z-axis guide rails 22, a Z-axis sliding plate 23 matched with the double-track Z-axis guide rails is arranged between the double-track Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis numerical control motor 24 arranged at the top of the Z-axis bracket, and the output end of the Z-axis numerical control motor is provided with a Z-axis screw 25 which is arranged in the Z-axis bracket and connected with the Z-axis sliding plate; the Z-axis structure is a Z-axis longitudinal moving structure and can control the up-and-down moving direction of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, the high-precision machining rotating shaft and the rotating swing arm.
The Z-axis sliding plate is provided with a high-precision machining numerical control motor 26, a high-precision machining rotating shaft is arranged at the output end of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, a rotating swing arm is fixedly connected with the high-precision machining rotating shaft and is arranged in a forward inclining mode relative to the vertical direction of the Z-axis support, and a rotating numerical control motor 27 is arranged on the rotating swing arm and is provided with a swing arm rotating shaft 28 which drives a rotating grinding wheel spindle to rotate; the high-precision machining rotating shaft has a rotation angle of-10 degrees to +30 degrees relative to the high-precision machining numerical control motor, and the front-back swing angle of the rotating grinding wheel spindle relative to the arrangement direction of the rotating arm rotating shaft is-10 degrees to +30 degrees. The high-precision machining numerical control motor and the high-precision machining rotating shaft can drive the rotating swing arm to rotate, the rotating angle of the rotating swing arm is in a range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees, a certain inclined machining angle is formed for the forward inclined arrangement of the rotating swing arm, the circular machining tool is subjected to inclined grinding, fine adjustment or small adjustment of the grinding and angle adjustment are facilitated, and the grinding efficiency and time are accelerated; the rotary grinding wheel spindle can swing back and forth to adjust the front and back angles of the rotary grinding wheel spindle and the rotary swing arm, the adjusting angle is also in the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees, the processing of the special-shaped knife edge with different gradients and grinding angles is realized, even if different angles such as the front, the back, the left and the right of the special-shaped knife edge can be processed and ground, the efficiency is greatly improved, and the processing difficulty is reduced.
In the embodiment, the high-precision processing rotating shaft is installed and connected between the high-precision processing numerical control motors through the processing rotating disc 29; the high-precision machining rotating shaft and the machining rotating disc, and the swing arm rotating shaft and the rotating grinding wheel spindle are connected and mounted through movable joints (not shown in the figure) with adjustable angles, and the movable joints are provided with locking screws (not shown in the figure) and limiting blocks (not shown in the figure) for limiting the rotating angles to be in the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees. The circular processing cutter is horizontally arranged on a processing rotating disc, is driven to rotate by a high-precision processing rotating shaft and is driven by the power output of a high-precision processing numerical control motor, a movable joint with a corresponding adjustable angle is arranged, so that the angle adjustment in the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees is realized, the rotation in the range of only-10 degrees to +30 degrees is limited by a limiting block, meanwhile, the corresponding rotating swing arm and the rotating grinding wheel spindle of the locking nut can not adjust the rotating angle or the swinging angle when the movable joint is locked, and the corresponding rotating angle or the swinging angle can be adjusted when the locking nut loosens the movable joint.
In this embodiment, the jig rotating shaft is provided with a circular processing tool, and the rotating grinding wheel spindle is provided with a grinding wheel (not shown) for grinding the circular processing tool with a grinding accuracy of 0.01 mm. Various linkage and matching processing inclination cutting edge range processing angles are ground, then according to different cutting edge shapes or different sizes, a proper grinding wheel is selected for grinding, the processing precision of the cutting edge can reach 0.01mm, and the processing precision is high. Since the conventional grinding apparatus cannot grind or cannot grind at a certain angle or inclination, it is difficult to achieve such a machining accuracy of 0.01mm even if a grinding wheel with high machining accuracy is selected without adjustment of a swing or rotation angle or the like.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the rotating numerical control motor is 2800rpm, the diameter of the rotating swing arm is 250mm, and the diameter of the circular cutter tool installed on the rotating shaft of the jig is 936 mm. The rotating numerical control motor has high rotating speed, high processing speed and high efficiency, and can also be applied to large-scale circular blade cutters and can grind quickly.
In this embodiment, the two ends of the X-axis bracket are provided with limit stoppers 30 for limiting the sliding distance of the X-axis sliding plate, and the bottom of the limit stopper is provided with a support plate 31 for fixing with the X-axis bracket and supporting the weight of the limit stopper. The limit stop is used for limiting the sliding range of the X-axis sliding plate and avoiding the X-axis sliding plate from being separated from the Y-axis guide rail bar, meanwhile, the limit stop is arranged at the two ends of the X-axis support, so that the circular machining tools can be conveniently arranged on the jig rotating disc in the positions of the two ends of the X-axis support, and the installation and the disassembly of the circular machining tools cannot be limited due to the Z-axis structure and the space of the rotating swing arm.
In this embodiment, the Z-axis sliding plate is provided with a high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat 32, and the high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat is provided with a semicircular concave arc position which is matched with and installed on the outer arc surface of the high-precision machining numerical control motor in a sunken mode. The semicircular sunken arc position of the high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat is specially designed and matched with the outer arc surface of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, so that the high-precision machining numerical control motor is more firmly installed and the installation space is saved.
In this embodiment, the X-axis slide plate and the Y-axis slide plate are both fixedly mounted with sliders 33 and slide by the sliders respectively matching with the X-axis guide rail bar and the Y-axis guide rail bar. The slide block is used for realizing the matching installation of the related slide plate and the guide rail, and the slide plate is convenient, quick and simple.
In this embodiment, the Z-axis slide plate and the Z-axis guide rail are fixedly mounted, a square frame 34 is mounted on the Z-axis support, and the Z-axis guide rail is embedded and mounted on the outer vertical beam of the square frame to form a movable mounting and realize vertical sliding. Because the Z-axis sliding plate moves up and down in the Z direction, the weight of a numerical control motor, a rotating swing arm and the like needs to be borne, and the traditional sliding block structure cannot realize large bearing and sliding; therefore, the Z-axis guide rail bar slides in a matched manner with the square frame, so that the contact area is increased, high stability is maintained, and deviation are not easy to occur.
In this embodiment, the jig numerical control motor is further provided with a driver 35 for controlling the jig rotation shaft to accurately start rotation and a controller 36 for controlling the jig rotation shaft to rotate at a preset angular velocity or linear velocity. The driver and the controller can accurately drive the jig rotating shaft to be accurately started and rotate according to a preset angular velocity or linear velocity, so that the rotating action of the workpiece during machining is accurately controlled.
In this embodiment, a photographic visual detection device 37 and a circular cutter cleaning device 38 are fixed at one end of the X-axis workbench; the photographic visual detection device comprises a head-up visual detector 39 and a head-up visual detector 40, wherein the head-up visual detector is arranged on a head-up visual vertical seat 42, the head-up visual detector is a head-up camera assembly which is arranged on the head-up visual vertical seat and is adjusted to move up and down by a head-up screw adjusting seat, and a head-up screw transverse adjusting seat 43 used for adjusting the head-up visual vertical seat to move left and right is arranged at the bottom of the head-up visual vertical seat; the upward visual detector and the downward visual detector are respectively arranged above and below the bracket fixing seat 46 through an upward screw adjusting seat 44 and a downward screw adjusting seat 45, the peripheries of the upward visual detector and the downward visual detector are respectively provided with a reflector 47, the upward visual detector is an upward camera assembly which is positioned below the mounting position of the circular cutter tool and is opposite to the bottom of the edge of the circular cutter tool, the downward visual detector is an upward camera assembly which is positioned above the mounting position of the circular cutter tool and is opposite to the top of the edge of the circular cutter tool, and the upward camera assembly and the circular cutter tool are arranged in a horizontal view; the head-up camera assembly, the upward-looking camera assembly and the downward-looking camera assembly are high-definition cameras and can shoot synchronously. This look up visual detection ware looks up the photographic picture of looking up to circular cutter worker cutter, look up visual detection ware and look up the photographic picture of looking up to circular cutter worker cutter, look down visual detection ware and look down the photographic picture of looking down to circular cutter worker cutter, according to the not equidimension and the different degree of depth, the circular cutter worker cutter of shape sword tooth etc. detects the needs of shooing, can adjust three visual detection ware about, the distance of controlling, the photo that three visual detection ware was shot can carry out the analysis and detection in the rapid transmission data extremely predetermined PC, judge by predetermined software data etc. whether qualified the material that detects. The circular cutter cleaning device comprises an upper brush 48 and a lower brush (not shown in the figure) which are respectively contacted with the top surface and the bottom surface of the circular cutter, and the upper brush and the lower brush are both arranged on a brush upright post 50 through a brush adjusting seat 49. Go up the brush and fix a position with lower brush, can be according to not equidimension and different degree of depth, the circular cutter worker's cutter of shape sword tooth etc. passes through brush adjusting seat adjustment upper and lower mounted position, when circular cutter worker's cutter rotated, the brush of going up brush and lower brush constantly contacts with the top surface and the bottom surface edge of circular cutter worker's cutter and cleans, leave over dust on circular cutter worker's cutter, sweep clean up bits material etc. and clean, keep the surface cleaning of circular cutter worker's cutter, avoid producing unnecessary error when making photographic visual detection device shoot.
This look up visual detection device head up the material and photograph, look up visual detection device and look up the material and photograph, the photo that two visual detection device shot can the rapid transfer data carry out analysis and detection to predetermined PC in, judge by predetermined software data etc. whether qualified the material that detects. The combination of the photographic visual detection device and the circular cutter cleaning device can be suitable for detecting and screening circular cutters of different sizes, the adaptability is strong, the overall reliability is high, the influence of the sizes of the circular cutters is avoided, the detection and screening of materials are realized, and the detection accuracy can reach 99.99%.
The vertical numerical control forming grinder is a vertical processing structure, has the adjustment in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, simultaneously considers the rotation of a jig rotating shaft to a circular processing cutter and the rotation of a rotating grinding wheel main shaft of a rotating swing arm to realize multi-angle adjustment and grinding, can process a special-shaped cutter edge and a cutter edge with multi-section arc inclination of the circular processing cutter, can perform grinding processing on the circular processing cutter with the processing inclination cutter edge range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees, and avoids the defect that the traditional numerical control machine can only process a linear cutter edge, an arc cutter edge and a plane; during machining, the machining angles of the rotating swing arm and the rotating grinding wheel spindle can be quickly adjusted, the machining angles can be adjusted electrically or manually, the machining angle is accurately adjusted, the machining angle and the inclination of the knife edge are accurately ground, and time and labor are saved; the tool path is set according to different shapes or sizes of the cutting edges, so that the tool path has a remarkable effect on the circular processing tools with special-shaped edges and the like in multi-axis linkage processing operation, the grinding and grinding processing of the complex special-shaped edges can be performed on the circular processing tools, the processing precision can reach 0.01mm, the processing precision is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the rejection rate is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced. Meanwhile, a visual detection system which is used for real-time on-line working without detaching the circular machining tool after machining is arranged in the grinding machine, the finished circular machining tool can be accurately detected in real time, the finished circular machining tool can be packaged to be shipped if the finished circular machining tool is qualified, secondary machining or standby machining and the like are carried out on unqualified marks, and the detection is quick and accurate, time-saving, labor-saving, quick and efficient.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the structure of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical numerical control forming grinder is characterized by comprising a grinder table, an X-axis workbench, a Y-axis workbench, a Z-axis support, a high-precision machining rotating shaft, a rotating swing arm and a rotating grinding wheel spindle, wherein the X-axis workbench and the Y-axis workbench are arranged on the grinder table;
an X-axis bracket with a double-track X-axis guide rail bar is mounted on the X-axis workbench, an X-axis sliding plate matched with the double-track X-axis guide rail bar is mounted between the double-track X-axis guide rail bars, an X-axis numerical control motor is mounted in the end part of the X-axis workbench, an X-axis screw rod which is arranged in the X-axis bracket and connected and mounted with the X-axis sliding plate is mounted at the output end of the X-axis numerical control motor, a jig numerical control motor and a jig rotating shaft mounted at the output end of the jig numerical control motor are mounted on the X-axis sliding; a Y-axis bracket with a double-track Y-axis guide rail bar is mounted on the Y-axis workbench, a Y-axis sliding plate matched with the double-track Y-axis guide rail bar is mounted between the double-track Y-axis guide rail bars, a Y-axis numerical control motor is mounted in the end part of the Y-axis workbench, and a Y-axis screw rod which is arranged in the Y-axis bracket and connected with the Y-axis sliding plate is mounted at the output end of the Y-axis numerical control motor;
the Z-axis support is vertically arranged on the Y-axis sliding plate, the Z-axis support is provided with double-track Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis sliding plate matched with the double-track Z-axis guide rails is arranged between the double-track Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis numerical control motor is arranged at the top of the Z-axis support, and the output end of the Z-axis numerical control motor is provided with a Z-axis screw rod which is arranged in the Z-axis support and connected with the Z-axis sliding plate;
the Z-axis sliding plate is provided with a high-precision machining numerical control motor, the high-precision machining rotating shaft is arranged at the output end of the high-precision machining numerical control motor, the rotating swing arm is fixedly connected with the high-precision machining rotating shaft and is arranged in a forward inclining mode relative to the vertical direction of the Z-axis support, and the rotating swing arm is provided with the rotating numerical control motor and is provided with a swing arm rotating shaft which drives the rotating grinding wheel spindle to rotate; the high-precision machining rotating shaft has a rotation angle of-10 degrees to +30 degrees relative to the high-precision machining numerical control motor, and the front-back swing angle of the rotating grinding wheel spindle relative to the arrangement direction of the rotating arm rotating shaft is-10 degrees to +30 degrees.
2. The vertical numerical control profile grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the high-precision machining rotating shaft is installed and connected between the high-precision machining numerical control motors through a machining rotating disc; the high-precision machining rotating shaft and the machining rotating disc, and the swing arm rotating shaft and the rotating grinding wheel spindle are connected and installed through movable joints with adjustable angles, and the movable joints are provided with locking screws and limiting blocks for limiting the rotating angles within the range of-10 degrees to +30 degrees.
3. The vertical numerically controlled profile grinder according to claim 2, wherein the jig rotating shaft is provided with a circular machining tool, and the rotating grinding wheel spindle is provided with a grinding wheel for grinding the circular machining tool to a machining accuracy of 0.01 mm.
4. The vertical numerical control profile grinder machine according to claim 3, wherein the rotating speed of the rotating numerical control motor is 2800rpm, the diameter of the rotating swing arm is 250mm, and the diameter of the circular cutter tool installed on the rotating shaft of the jig is 936 mm.
5. The vertical numerical control profile grinding machine according to claim 4, wherein the two ends of the X-axis bracket are provided with limit stops for limiting the sliding distance of the X-axis sliding plate, and the bottom of each limit stop is provided with a support plate which is fixedly arranged with the X-axis bracket and supports the weight of the limit stop.
6. The vertical numerical control profile grinder machine according to claim 5, wherein the Z-axis slide plate is provided with a high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat, and the high-precision machining numerical control motor mounting seat is provided with a semicircular concave arc position which is matched with the outer arc surface of the high-precision machining numerical control motor in a recessed mode.
7. The vertical numerical control profile grinding machine according to claim 6, wherein the X-axis slide plate and the Y-axis slide plate are fixedly provided with sliders and slide by the sliders respectively matching with the X-axis guide rail bar and the Y-axis guide rail bar.
8. The vertical numerical control profile grinding machine according to claim 7, wherein the Z-axis slide plate and the Z-axis guide rail are fixedly mounted, a square frame is mounted on the Z-axis support, and the Z-axis guide rail is embedded and mounted on an outer vertical beam of the square frame to form movable mounting and realize up-and-down sliding.
9. The vertical numerical control molding grinder according to claim 8, characterized in that the jig numerical control motor is further provided with a driver for controlling the jig rotating shaft to accurately start rotating and a controller for controlling the jig rotating shaft to rotate at a preset angular velocity or linear velocity.
10. The vertical numerical control profile grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a photographic visual inspection device and a circular cutter cleaning device are fixed at one end of the X-axis worktable; the photographic visual detection device comprises a head-up visual detector, a head-up visual detector and a head-up visual detector, wherein the head-up visual detector is arranged on a head-up visual vertical seat, the head-up visual detector is a head-up camera assembly which is arranged on the head-up visual vertical seat and is adjusted to move up and down by a head-up screw adjusting seat, and the head-up screw transverse adjusting seat used for adjusting the head-up visual vertical seat to move left and right is arranged at the bottom of the head-up visual vertical; the upward visual detector and the downward visual detector are respectively arranged above and below the bracket fixing seat through an upward screw adjusting seat and a downward screw adjusting seat, the peripheries of the upward visual detector and the downward visual detector are respectively provided with a reflector, the upward visual detector is an upward camera assembly which is positioned below the circular cutter tool mounting position and is opposite to the bottom of the circular cutter tool edge, the downward visual detector is an downward camera assembly which is positioned above the circular cutter tool mounting position and is opposite to the top of the circular cutter tool edge, and the upward camera assembly and the circular cutter tool are arranged in a horizontal view; the circular cutter cleaning device comprises an upper brush and a lower brush which are respectively contacted with the top surface and the bottom surface of the circular cutter, and the upper brush and the lower brush are arranged on brush upright posts through brush adjusting seats.
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| CN202011041210.7A CN112247686A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Vertical numerical control forming grinder |
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| CN202011041210.7A CN112247686A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Vertical numerical control forming grinder |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |