CN112195133B - Compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacle of crops and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacle of crops and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and particularly relates to a compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method has simple process, low cost and wide and easily-obtained sources of various raw materials. The composite microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops is pollution-free, does not increase soil burden, enables the rhizosphere environment of crops to form a protective barrier, enables beneficial flora to be rapidly propagated into dominant flora after being applied into soil, can improve the richness and diversity of soil fungi and bacteria by adding jerusalem artichoke straws, supplements sudden mineral elements through rock powder, effectively eliminates the inhibition of secretions of the crops in the growth period of the crops on the continuous cropping, decomposes harmful substances damaging the growth of the crops in the soil, promotes the normal growth of the crops and realizes the purposes of resisting the continuous cropping and avoiding the continuous cropping obstacles of the crops due to the synergistic effect of the components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and particularly relates to a compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The continuous cropping obstacle of the crops refers to the phenomena of low emergence rate of crop seeds, low survival rate of seedlings, slow growth speed of plants, death in severe cases and the like caused by multiple planting of a certain crop in the same land, and is also called replanting diseases and continuous cropping obstacles, and due to the special environment and repeated planting in successive years, the replanting diseases become more serious, so that the yield of horticultural crops such as a field, a protected land, a greenhouse or a greenhouse is greatly reduced (the average annual speed is more than 30 percent), and the phenomenon sometimes causes the dead harvest. The cause of continuous cropping obstacle of crops is complex and is the result of the combined action of many factors in three systems of soil-crop-environment. In combination with the recent research results at home and abroad, the reasons for the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles mainly include the following aspects: 1. deterioration of physical and chemical properties of soil; 2. accumulation of phytopathogenic microorganisms; 3. influence of plant allelochemicals. At present, continuous cropping resistant agents are researched and developed in the market to solve the problem of continuous cropping, such as organic fertilizers and certain trace element fertilizers are additionally applied to improve the overall efficiency of soil, chemical, biological or biochemical methods are adopted to inhibit soil diseases and insect pests, the content of organic matters in the continuous cropping resistant agents is low, additional components are required to make up for the deficiency of nutrients, the environment pollution is easily caused, and the preparation technology is complex, high in cost, large in limitation and not beneficial to large-area popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops, and aims to solve the technical problems that the organic matter content of the continuous cropping obstacles in the prior art is low, additional components are required to make up for the deficiency of nutrients, the environment is easily polluted, the preparation technology is complex, the cost is high, the limitation is large, and the large-area popularization is not facilitated. The invention also provides a compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of crops, which is prepared according to the method.
The invention provides a preparation method of a compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops, which has the following specific technical scheme:
the preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops comprises the following steps:
s1, inoculating bacillus subtilis and trichoderma into the vegetable oil meal for primary fermentation to obtain a fermented product of the vegetable oil meal;
s2, mixing the fermented product of the vegetable oil meal and the livestock and poultry manure in the step S1, inoculating streptomyces roseoflavus and actinomycetes, and fermenting again to obtain a secondary fermented product;
s3, mixing the secondary fermentation product obtained in the step S2 with jerusalem artichoke straws, and then air-drying and crushing to obtain fermentation powder;
s4, crushing limestone and dolomite, sieving, baking and cooling to obtain rock powder, and mixing the rock powder with the fermentation powder obtained in the step S3 to obtain the compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops.
In some embodiments, in step S1, the bacillus subtilis is 0.5 to 1 part, the trichoderma is 0.1 to 0.5 part, the vegetable oil meal is 50 to 80 parts, the first fermentation temperature is 28 to 35 ℃, and the first fermentation time is 8 to 12 days.
In certain embodiments, in step S1, the vegetable oil meal is one or more of soybean meal, peanut meal, and rapeseed meal.
In some embodiments, in step S2, the fermented product of the vegetable oil meal is 40 to 50 parts by weight, the livestock and poultry manure is 20 to 30 parts by weight, the streptomyces roseoflavus is 0.1 to 0.2 part by weight, the actinomycetes is 0.05 to 0.1 part by weight, the secondary fermentation time is 40 to 50 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5 to 7 days.
In some embodiments, in step S3, the weight ratio of the secondary fermentation product to the jerusalem artichoke straw is (10-15): 1 and mixing.
In some embodiments, in step S4, the limestone and the dolomite are mixed in a weight ratio of (1-2): 1, mixing the rock powder and the yeast powder according to a weight ratio of 1: (2-5) mixing.
In some embodiments, in step S4, the sieved mesh is 150-.
The invention also provides a compound microbial preparation for resisting the crop continuous cropping obstacle, and the compound microbial preparation for resisting the crop continuous cropping obstacle prepared based on the method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and wide and easily-obtained sources of various raw materials. The composite microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops is pollution-free, does not increase soil burden, enables the rhizosphere environment of crops to form a protective barrier, is beneficial to the fact that flora is applied to soil and rapidly propagated into dominant flora, can improve the richness and diversity of soil fungi and bacteria by adding the jerusalem artichoke straws, and supplements sudden mineral elements through rock powder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the composite microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method of the composite microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops, provided by the embodiment, has the following specific technical scheme:
the preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops comprises the following steps:
s1, inoculating bacillus subtilis and trichoderma into the soybean meal for the first fermentation. Wherein, the weight portion of the bacillus subtilis is 0.5 portion, the weight portion of the trichoderma is 0.1 portion, the weight portion of the soybean meal is 50 portions, the first fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, the first fermentation time is 12 days, and the vegetable oil meal leavening is obtained;
s2, mixing 40 parts of the fermented product of the vegetable oil meal and 20 parts of the livestock and poultry manure, inoculating 0.1 part of streptomyces roseoflavus and 0.05 part of actinomycetes, and fermenting again, wherein the secondary fermentation time is 40 ℃ and 5 days, so as to obtain a secondary fermented product;
s3, mixing the secondary fermentation product with the jerusalem artichoke straws in a weight ratio of 10: 1, mixing, air-drying and crushing to obtain fermentation powder;
s4, mixing limestone and dolomite according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, mixing, crushing, sieving into 150-mesh particles, baking (baking time is 500 ℃, baking time is 90min), cooling to obtain rock powder, and mixing the rock powder and the fermented powder according to a weight ratio of 1: 2, mixing to obtain the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops.
Among them, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma sp, Streptomyces roseoflavus and Actinomycetes are commercially available.
Example 2
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops comprises the following steps:
s1, inoculating bacillus subtilis and trichoderma into vegetable oil meal (mixed bean meal and peanut meal) for primary fermentation. Wherein, the weight portion of the bacillus subtilis is 1 portion, the weight portion of the trichoderma is 0.5 portion, the weight portion of the vegetable oil meal is 80 portions, the first fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, the first fermentation time is 8 days, and the vegetable oil meal leavening is obtained;
s2, mixing 50 parts of the fermented product of the vegetable oil meal and 30 parts of the livestock and poultry manure, inoculating 0.2 part of streptomyces roseoflavus and 0.1 part of actinomycetes, and fermenting again, wherein the secondary fermentation time is 50 ℃ and 5 days, so as to obtain a secondary fermented product;
s3, mixing the secondary fermentation product with the jerusalem artichoke straws in a weight ratio of 15: 1, mixing, air-drying and crushing to obtain fermentation powder;
s4, mixing limestone and dolomite according to the weight ratio of 2: 1, mixing, crushing, sieving into 250-mesh particles, baking (baking time is 800 ℃, baking time is 60min), cooling to obtain rock powder, and mixing the rock powder and the fermentation powder according to a weight ratio of 1: 5 mixing to obtain the compound microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops.
Example 3
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops comprises the following steps:
s1, inoculating the bacillus subtilis and the trichoderma into vegetable oil meal (the mixture of soybean meal, peanut meal and rapeseed meal) for primary fermentation. Wherein, the weight portion of the bacillus subtilis is 0.8 portion, the weight portion of the trichoderma is 0.2 portion, the weight portion of the vegetable oil meal is 60 portions, the first fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, the first fermentation time is 10 days, and the vegetable oil meal leavening is obtained;
s2, mixing 45 parts of the fermented product of the vegetable oil meal with 25 parts of livestock and poultry manure, inoculating 0.15 part of streptomyces roseoflavus and 0.075 part of actinomycetes, and fermenting again at 45 ℃ for 6 days to obtain a secondary fermented product;
s3, mixing the secondary fermentation product with the jerusalem artichoke straws in a weight ratio of 13: 1, mixing, air-drying and crushing to obtain fermented powder;
s4, mixing limestone and dolomite according to the weight ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, crushing, sieving into 20-mesh particles, baking (baking time is 600 ℃, baking time is 75min), cooling to obtain rock powder, and mixing the rock powder and the fermented powder according to a weight ratio of 1: 4, mixing to obtain the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops.
To further verify the effect of the complex microbial preparation against crop continuous cropping obstacles of the present invention, the following application experiments were conducted. The experiment adopts corn, cucumber and tomato as experimental objects, and the planting area of each group of each variety is 40m 2 The soil in the experimental area has been planted for 4-6 years and no fertilizer is applied as controlAnd (4) keeping other physical conditions of the experimental plot consistent. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Experimental results of the complex microbial preparation for resisting crop continuous cropping obstacle of the present invention
In conclusion, the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacles of the crops can increase the yield of the corns by over 21 percent, the cucumber by over 20 percent and the tomato by over 15 percent, effectively improve the soil fertility, relieve the continuous cropping obstacles of the crops and promote the yield of the crops.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should also be able to make various changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, inoculating bacillus subtilis and trichoderma into the vegetable oil meal for primary fermentation to obtain a fermented product of the vegetable oil meal;
s2, mixing the fermented product of the vegetable oil meal and the livestock and poultry manure in the step S1, inoculating streptomyces roseoflavus and actinomycetes, and fermenting again to obtain a secondary fermented product;
s3, mixing the secondary fermentation product obtained in the step S2 with jerusalem artichoke straws, air-drying and crushing to obtain fermentation powder;
s4, crushing, sieving, baking and cooling the limestone and the dolomite to obtain rock powder, wherein the sieved mesh is 150-250 meshes, the baking temperature is 500-800 ℃, and the baking time is 60-90min, and the rock powder is mixed with the fermentation powder in the step S3 to obtain the composite microbial preparation for resisting the continuous cropping obstacle of the crops.
2. The method for preparing a composite microbial preparation for resisting crop continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the weight parts of the bacillus subtilis are 0.5-1, the trichoderma is 0.1-0.5, the vegetable oil meal is 50-80, the first fermentation temperature is 28-35 ℃, and the first fermentation time is 8-12 days.
3. The method for preparing a composite microbial preparation against crop continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the vegetable oil meal is one or more of soybean meal, peanut meal and rapeseed meal.
4. The method for preparing a composite microbial preparation against crop continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the vegetable oil meal fermentation product is 40-50 parts by weight, the livestock and poultry manure is 20-30 parts by weight, the streptomyces roseoflavus is 0.1-0.2 part by weight, the actinomycetes is 0.05-0.1 part by weight, the temperature of the secondary fermentation is 40-50 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5-7 days.
5. The method for preparing a composite microbial preparation for resisting continuous cropping obstacles of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the weight ratio of the secondary fermentation product to the Jerusalem artichoke straw is (10-15): 1 and mixing.
6. The method for preparing a composite microbial preparation against crop continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the weight ratio of the limestone to the dolomite is (1-2): 1, the weight ratio of the rock powder to the fermentation powder is 1: (2-5) mixing.
7. Composite microbial preparation against crop continuous cropping disorders, characterized in that it is prepared by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN103787746B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-08-05 | 武汉盛大神农生物工程有限公司 | One can alleviate soil-borne disease, growth-promoting root, anti-continuous cropping preparation |
| CN105175047B (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2018-06-26 | 甘肃明德伟业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of organic and inorganic bio-compound fertilizer |
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