CN112194531A - Selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112194531A CN112194531A CN202011262799.3A CN202011262799A CN112194531A CN 112194531 A CN112194531 A CN 112194531A CN 202011262799 A CN202011262799 A CN 202011262799A CN 112194531 A CN112194531 A CN 112194531A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials: silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, duck manure, spinach leaves, selenium-rich sweetener, wormcast, composite strain, bran coat, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer can provide a large amount of activated selenium nutrition for crops, and ensure that the selenium content of selenium-rich products reaches the standard; the organic matter content of the soil can be increased, the soil is loosened, the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is improved; the fertilizer can also improve the barreness of the soil, adjust the pH value of the soil, promote the root system of crops to fully absorb the fertilizer, and has obvious effects on relieving a series of agricultural environmental problems caused by the fertilizer, improving the quality of the crops, recovering the natural flavor of the crops and the like by adding the silkworm excrement, the duck excrement and the wormcast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Although the current chemical fertilizers on the market can accelerate the crop production speed and achieve the purpose of high yield, the problems of soil hardening, salinization and hardening begin to be prominent along with the use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers, and the problems of crop quality reduction, drug residues or chemical hormones contained in crops and the like are also included. With the development of organic ecological agriculture and the expansion of the organic food market, organic fertilizers are applied to agricultural seed values more and more. The traditional organic fertilizer has some defects in production and application, such as dirty and smelly, low nutrient, poor disease and pest resistance, low benefit and the like, and a new high-efficiency multifunctional biological organic fertilizer is produced.
In addition, because the lack of trace elements in the soil also inhibits the growth of plants, especially the lack of elemental selenium plays a crucial role for human bodies, and a proper amount of selenium in the diet plays an important role in keeping the health of the human bodies. Firstly, selenium plays an irreplaceable role in improving the oxidation resistance of human bodies, in addition, selenium also has important physiological functions of resisting cancers, protecting the liver, combining heavy metals, preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases and the like, and meanwhile, selenium deficiency is also an important cause of human Kashin-Beck disease and keshan disease. Selenium plays an important role in plant growth and human health as an important trace element, however, inorganic selenium cannot be directly absorbed and utilized by human bodies, and plants can convert inorganic selenium in natural environment into organic selenium through conversion, so that the plants as an important selenium converter are an important source for selenium intake of human beings.
Therefore, the current selenium-rich fertilizer can not enable plants to absorb enough elemental selenium from soil, the crop absorption rate is not high, and the crop growth promoting effect is poor.
Therefore, the research and development of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer which can obviously improve the selenium content of soil and further obviously improve the crop absorption rate and the crop survival rate is a problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11-15 parts of silkworm excrement, 5-8 parts of sodium selenite, 0.03-0.06 part of elemental selenium, 80-100 parts of duck manure, 50-60 parts of spinach leaves, 10-15 parts of nano microspheres, 0.02-0.04 part of selenium-rich sweetener, 80-100 parts of wormcast, 4-8 parts of composite strain, 30-40 parts of bran coat, 0.3-0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.5 part of boric acid and 4-5 parts of diammonium phosphate.
Further, the faeces Bombycis is morning faeces or evening faeces Bombycis.
The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that: the silkworm excrement contains high content of organic matters and is rich in nutrient components, and the silkworm excrement is degraded into the nutrient components which are easy to be absorbed by plants through subsequent fermentation, so that the absorption rate of crops to the nutrient substances can be improved.
Further, the duck manure is fresh duck manure and contains 1.85% of pure nitrogen, 1.67% of phosphorus and 0.097% of potassium.
The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that: effectively utilizes the duck manure, changes waste into valuable, purifies the environment and is beneficial to ecological balance.
Further, the composite strain is at least two of bacillus, lactobacillus, yeast and bifidobacterium.
The beneficial effects of the further technical scheme are that: the invention adopts the composite strain to ferment the duck manure, the wormcast, the spinach leaves, the bran coat and the like, decomposes organic compounds such as macromolecular protein and the like in the duck manure, the wormcast, the spinach leaves, the bran coat and the like, degrades the organic compounds into nutrient components which are easy to be absorbed by plants, can improve the absorption rate of crops on nutrient substances, and improves the selenium content in the crops.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding the composite strain into a fermentation tank, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water for dilution, and performing fermentation treatment;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture and drying the mixture to obtain the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
Further, adding water to dilute the mixture in the step (3) until the water content of the mixture is 40-50%.
Further, the fermentation temperature in the step (3) is 70-80 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10-15 days.
Further, the step (5) is drying until the water content is 10-15%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer can provide a large amount of activated selenium nutrition for crops, and ensure that the selenium content of selenium-rich products reaches the standard; the organic matter content of the soil can be increased, the soil is loosened, the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is improved; but also can improve barren soil and adjust the pH value of the soil, promote the root system of crops to absorb fully and use less fertilizer. The silkworm excrement, the duck manure and the wormcast can relieve a series of agricultural environment problems caused by chemical fertilizers, improve the quality of crops, recover the natural flavor of the crops and have obvious effects, and the wormcast can play a biological control role in soil-borne diseases of the crops, inhibit pathogenic bacteria through antagonistic microorganisms in the wormcast, and have important significance in the biological control aspect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 11 g of silkworm excrement, 5 g of sodium selenite, 0.03 g of elemental selenium, 80 g of duck manure, 50 g of spinach leaves, 0.02 g of selenium-rich sweetener, 80 g of wormcast, 1 g of bacillus, 1 g of lactobacillus, 1 g of saccharomycete, 1 g of bifidobacterium, 30 g of bran coat, 0.3 g of zinc sulfate, 0.3 g of boric acid and 4 g of diammonium phosphate;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding the composite strain into a fermentation tank, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water for diluting until the water content of the mixture is 40%, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is 70 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10 days;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture, drying and drying the mixture until the water content is 10 percent, and obtaining the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
Example 2
The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 12 g of silkworm excrement, 6 g of sodium selenite, 0.04 g of elemental selenium, 85 g of duck manure, 52 g of spinach leaves, 0.02 g of selenium-rich sweetener, 85 g of wormcast, 1 g of bacillus, 2 g of yeast, 1 g of bifidobacterium, 32 g of bran, 0.4 g of zinc sulfate, 0.3 g of boric acid and 4 g of diammonium phosphate;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding the composite strain into a fermentation tank, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water for diluting until the water content of the mixture is 42%, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is 72 ℃ and the fermentation time is 11 days;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture, drying and drying the mixture until the water content is 11 percent to obtain the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
Example 3
The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 13 g of silkworm excrement, 6 g of sodium selenite, 0.04 g of elemental selenium, 90 g of duck manure, 55 g of spinach leaves, 0.03 g of selenium-rich sweetener, 90 g of wormcast, 3 g of yeast, 3 g of bifidobacterium, 35 g of bran coat, 0.4 g of zinc sulfate, 0.4 g of boric acid and 4 g of diammonium phosphate;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding the composite strain into a fermentation tank, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water for diluting until the water content of the mixture is 48%, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is 78 ℃, and the fermentation time is 13 days;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture, drying and drying the mixture until the water content is 14 percent, and obtaining the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
Example 4
The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 14 g of silkworm excrement, 7 g of sodium selenite, 0.05 g of elemental selenium, 95 g of duck manure, 58 g of spinach leaves, 0.03 g of selenium-rich sweetener, 95 g of wormcast, 4 g of bacillus, 4 g of yeast, 38 g of bran coat, 0.4 g of zinc sulfate, 0.4 g of boric acid and 5 g of diammonium phosphate;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding into a fermentation tank, mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water, diluting until the water content of the mixture is 40-50%, and fermenting at 70-80 deg.C for 10-15 days;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture, drying and drying the mixture until the water content is 10-15 percent, and obtaining the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
Example 5
The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 15 g of silkworm excrement, 8 g of sodium selenite, 0.06 g of elemental selenium, 100 g of duck manure, 60 g of spinach leaves, 0.04 g of selenium-rich sweetener, 100 g of wormcast, 4 g of bacillus, 2 g of lactobacillus, 2 g of saccharomycetes, 40 g of bran coat, 0.5 g of zinc sulfate, 0.5 g of boric acid and 5 g of diammonium phosphate;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding the composite strain into a fermentation tank, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water to dilute the mixture until the water content of the mixture is 50%, and performing fermentation treatment at the fermentation temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 days;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture, drying and drying the mixture until the water content is 15 percent, and obtaining the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
Effect experiment:
the numbers of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizers prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 are respectively sample 1, sample 2, sample 3, sample 4 and sample 5. Organic matter content in 5 selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizers is determined through tests, survival rate of apple seedlings cultivated by adopting the organic fertilizers of samples 1-5 and content of selenium-rich in apple fruits are determined, and details are shown in table 1.
Table 1 determination of the properties of selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer of the present invention
As can be seen from the table 1, the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer has high organic matter content, and can effectively improve the survival rate of apple seedlings and the selenium-rich content in apple fruits.
The description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11-15 parts of silkworm excrement, 5-8 parts of sodium selenite, 0.03-0.06 part of elemental selenium, 80-100 parts of duck manure, 50-60 parts of spinach leaves, 0.02-0.04 part of selenium-rich sweetener, 80-100 parts of wormcast, 4-8 parts of composite strain, 30-40 parts of bran coat, 0.3-0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.5 part of boric acid and 4-5 parts of diammonium phosphate.
2. The selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silkworm excrement is morning sand or evening sand.
3. The selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the duck manure is fresh duck manure and contains 1.85% of pure nitrogen, 1.67% of phosphorus and 0.097% of potassium.
4. The selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial species are at least two of bacillus, lactobacillus, yeast and bifidobacterium.
5. A preparation method of a selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
(2) uniformly mixing duck manure, wormcast, spinach leaves and bran coats, and adding the mixture into a fermentation tank;
(3) dissolving the composite strain, adding the composite strain into a fermentation tank, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water for dilution, and performing fermentation treatment;
(4) uniformly mixing silkworm excrement, sodium selenite, elemental selenium, selenium-rich sweetener, zinc sulfate, boric acid and diammonium phosphate, adding the mixture into the mixture after fermentation treatment, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
(5) taking out the mixture and drying the mixture to obtain the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer.
6. The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the water is added in the step (3) for dilution until the water content of the mixture is 40-50%.
7. The preparation method of the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fermentation temperature in the step (3) is 70-80 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10-15 days.
8. The method for preparing the selenium-rich biological long-acting organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the drying in the step (5) is carried out until the water content is 10-15%.
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Application publication date: 20210108 |