CN105418193A - Selenium-rich biological preparation prepared by taking biogas slurry and biogas residues as raw materials through fermentation as well as preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-rich biological preparation prepared by taking biogas slurry and biogas residues as raw materials through fermentation as well as preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105418193A CN105418193A CN201510998404.9A CN201510998404A CN105418193A CN 105418193 A CN105418193 A CN 105418193A CN 201510998404 A CN201510998404 A CN 201510998404A CN 105418193 A CN105418193 A CN 105418193A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a selenium-rich biological preparation prepared by taking biogas slurry and biogas residues as raw materials through fermentation as well as a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: taking raw materials of sodium selenite, a composite trace element, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, peptone, yeast powder, NaCl, NaOH, NaNO3, NaCl, NH4Cl, K2HPO4, a beef extract, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, amino acid, potassium nitrate, ferrous sulphate, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate and biochemical enzyme, stirring the raw materials, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a biogas fertilizer for uniformly stirring the mixture, and performing the anaerobic fermentation on the mixture to obtain the selenium-rich biological preparation. The selenium-rich biological preparation can increase quantity of microbe in soil and activity of the microbe in the soil. The specific fertilizer effect, growth adjusting effect, diseases and pests-resistance effect and soil biological restoration of the crops can be achieved due to vital movement and metabolite of microorganism, and plant yield can be greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selenium-rich nutritive type microbial preparation, specifically liquid natural pond, a kind of natural pond slag is the Se-enriched bio preparation prepared of fermenting raw materials and preparation method, belongs to technical field of biological fertilizer.
Background technology
China is a Ge Que selenium big country.GeneraI investigation proves, seriously in the Soils In The Region of China more than 70% lacks selenium, and in the grain of China more than 95% and livestock and poultry meat, selenium content is lower than 50 μ g/kg, belongs to Pin Xi big country.Every day, selenium intake only had 39 μ about g per capita in China, and not enough grownup triumph needs 80% of minimum 50 μ g/ days, larger apart from healthy requirement 100 ~ 200 μ g/ days differences; Farther apart from the 800 μ g that reach the standard grade safely.In China, except minority area, the population of 90% needs to adopt biotechnology supplement selenium.Not only people wants supplement selenium, and livestock and poultry also want supplement selenium.
China is large agricultural country, and chemical fertilizer plays an important role in China's agriculture production.But, along with the consumption of unit surface chemical fertilizer is more and more higher, there is the sight that serious soil " is more fed thinner ".What accompany with it is not only the degeneration of soil, the increase of applications of pesticide amount and the decline of quality of agricultural product, also has the underground water of nearly 40% because nitrate content is too high can not directly drink.Therefore, development environment friendly fertilizer is the development strategy of China.Selenium-enriched microbe bacterial manure because of its there is soil function improvement, increasing crop yield, quality of agricultural product improve, fertility is lasting and advantages of environment protection, and are subject to extensive concern.The microbial fertilizer history of existing more than 100 year so far, oneself in Asia, America, Europe And Africa etc. in the world more than 60 country apply.American and Britain, method, Deng developed country, increase the Innovation Input of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, obtain kind abundanter in recent years, the functionalization microbial-bacterial fertilizer that performance is more excellent, instead of the fertilizer application amount of about 40%.China also pays much attention to the development & application of green fertilizer, and microbial fertilizer industry achieves certain development, manufacturing enterprise more than 800, annual production nearly ten million ton, annual value of production crosses 10,000,000,000 yuan, but with the same period chemical fertilizer output compare with consumption, only account for less than 5%.But along with the raising that people require quality of the life, the appealing of developing green pollution-free food is more and more higher, this social demand will cause the market demand of microbial fertilizer increasing.
Selenium is one of necessary nutritional trace element of human body.Human or animal lacks or the selenium of excess intake, then can cause some disease, the sickness rate such as Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, myocardosis, cancer as scarce selenium area is very high.Research and practice proves, selenium element plays inherent keying action to HUMAN HEALTH, and it is glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase and subtract key component---the activator of the endogenous antioxidant such as iodine enzyme.It for adjustment human immune system, resist disease, delay senility, to prevent and the various diseases such as auxiliary for treating cancer plays an important role, be particularly that other antioxidants are incomparable and alternative in removing lipid free radical.
Selenium be just be found in recent decades very important, indispensable to HUMAN HEALTH, have the overall situation effect endogenous strong anti-oxidation material and free-radical scavengers.World Health Organization WHO announces: selenium is that life hits necessary trace element, selenium is respectfully called " kindling material of life " by domestic and international the world of medicine, enjoys the good reputation such as " long-lived element ", " anticancer king ", " heart patron saint ", " natural toxinicide ".Selenium has been known as by scientific and technological circle and " has contributed to the torment that the mankind exempt various slight illness, as unhealthy emotion, pancreatic disease, diabetes, reproductive system disease, virus infection and cancer etc." there is report, the people that in blood, selenium content is minimum dies from 3 times that cardiopathic probability is content height person.Selenium can make the immunity system of human body again rejuvenate.Selenium can discharge heavy metal of body toxin, and selenium is that seleno-protein runs into rapid combinations of poisonous metal ash such as lead, mercury, cadmium, stone roller and becomes harmless compounds and excrete with the form of selenium propylhomoserin composition seleno-protein in vivo.Selenium is the conditioning agent of iodine in body, and it plays very important regulating effect to iodine in thyroid hormone metabolism process.What be combined with selenium also has a kind of very important antioxidase---thioredoxin reductase, has a lot of biological function, affects the synthesis of nucleic acid.Selenium prophylaxis is infertile, and particularly prevent the symptoms such as the male sex dead essence, oligospermia, many data show, today infertility and scarce selenium have direct relation.Man and animal takes in ensureing by way of the food mainly by containing selenium of selenium, and therefore, the preparation of microbiological medicine containing rich selenium and the plantation of rich selenium product are very important.
Can the selenium that absorbs by human body be divided into elemental selenium, inorganic selenium and organoselenium three kinds.The feature of selenium is that between biological activity and toxicity, scope is extremely narrow, and for this reason, various countries scientist have studied many selenium compounds, attempts to find the selenium form that activity is high, toxicity is low.Along with the maturation of nanotechnology, the nanotechnology that scientist is advanced, zeroth order selenium (one of elemental selenium) is made nano particle selenium--nanometer selenium.Nanometer selenium, compared with general zeroth order selenium, there occurs the sudden change of biological property.Concrete following characteristics: 1) there is oxidation-resistance; 2) due to highly active characteristic, thus the hazardness of human body is greatly reduced, the nutrient contg that low dosage selenium is equivalent to high dosage in the past can be supplemented, thus avoid the side effect brought to human body.So nanometer selenium makes the structure of matter of selenium become the zeroth order material of nanomorphic by the compound of original molecular state, not only make human body fully absorb selenium, reduce its toxicity, but also possess good biological activity.
Biogas is promoted rapidly in rural area in recent years, and research shows: liquid natural pond, natural pond slag has infertile field, improvement soil, insect pests, improves the multiple efficacies such as output.Natural pond liquid and natural pond slag are generically and collectively referred to as natural pond fertilizer, are the products of biomass through methane-generating pit anaerobically fermenting.In the liquid of natural pond containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, etc. nutritive element.Natural pond slag is made up of the undecomposed raw material of part and newborn microbial cells, is divided into three parts: one is organic, humic acid, plays Main Function to improvement soil.Two is the elements such as chlorine, phosphorus, potassium, meets plant growth needs; Three is the raw materials that do not become thoroughly decomposed, and executes people farmland and continues fermentation, release nutriment in a fertilizer.After testing, natural pond liquid contains 17 seed amino acid and 14 kinds of trace and the macro minerals prime element isoreactivity material such as copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, zinc such as Methionin, methionine(Met), tryptophane, has certain nutritive value.Research shows, through the natural pond liquid of anaerobically fermenting and natural pond slag not containing parasite and objectionable impurities, it is reliable to feed fowl poultry safety.
Anaerobic fermentation process is the process that fermentation raw material is progressively degraded by methane fermentating microorganism.The vital movement of methane fermentating microorganism needs certain carbon element and ammonia element.Needed for the vital movement that it is generally acknowledged methane fermentating microorganism, carbon-nitrogen ratio is advisable with 25:1.The biogas that anaerobically fermenting produces is a kind of high-grade fuel of clean and effective.Its calorific value is higher, and thermo-efficiency is more stable, easy to use, and Technical Economy is only second to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
Facts have proved, Fermentation Products from Biogas Generator not only can solve domestic energy, improves life in the countryside environment.The most important thing is that natural pond liquid, natural pond slag can also replace part chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals as a kind of capital goods in the agricultural sector.Not only the nutritive ingredient such as ammonia, phosphorus, potassium is intact to be obtained natural pond fertilizer by organic substance through anaerobically fermenting, but also containing a large amount of organic matters and various bioactivators, is the high-quality fertilizer that a kind of speed is delayed fertilizer efficiency and had both.Every hundred kilograms of natural pond slags quite give 6kg ammonium sulfate, 10kg normal superphosphate and 2.5kg potassium sulfate.
Natural pond liquid not only can improve crop yield significantly, improves quality of agricultural product, and can strengthen the ability of disease and insect resistance of crop.Anaerobic Fermentation Residues has prevention effect to 30 kinds of diseases that farmland generally occurs, and has has at least met or exceeded the pesticidal effects of existing use to the prevention effect of 20 multiple diseases; In insect pest, Anaerobic Fermentation Residues has obvious prevention effect to 19 kinds of insect pests: in the research suppressing pathogenic bacteria, Anaerobic Fermentation Residues has remarkable restraining effect to pathogenic bacterium such as intestinal bacteria, paratyphosum Bacterium and bacillus rhusiopathiae suises, there is different inhibitions to ten strain moulds and aspergillus, have inhibition in various degree to 17 kinds of pathogen of crop.Thus utilize Anaerobic Fermentation Residues to be development green agriculture, reduce the Perfected process of pesticidal contamination.Life-time service biogas fermentative liquid to environment, also can not can not produce the resistance problem of disease and pest.Containing multiple antibiotics in the liquid of natural pond, all there is good prevention effect to diseases such as the insects such as aphid, red spider, trialeurodes vaporariorum and Powdery Mildew, oidium, gray molds.In addition, natural pond liquid also can be used as the nutritive medium of soilless culture.Natural pond liquid is weakly alkaline solution, has been rich in multiple amino acids, support one's family rope and complex enzyme, can promote the metabolism of organism and improve the utilization ratio of feed.
In the slag of natural pond, organic content is 28%-50%, content of humic acid is 10%-20%, hemicellulose is 25%-34%, Mierocrystalline cellulose is 11%-15%, full nitrogen is 0.8%-2.O%, full phosphorus is 0.4%-1.2%, and full potassium is 0.6%-2.0%, in addition containing a small amount of trace element and other mineral nutrition.Therefore, make base manure with natural pond slag, the physico-chemical property of soil can be improved, significantly improve the organic content of soil, strengthen soil fertility. improve the ecotope of soil, be conducive to plant growth.According to the display of Zhao Fei scientific research institution, Qu County, Sichuan Province data, within continuous 6 years, use the soil organic matter content of natural pond slag to increase by 58.4%, density declines 16.1%, and porosity increases by 12.9%, and mellow soil layer thickens 8 centimetres, and crumb structure increases considerably.
Anaerobically fermenting refers to that various organic wastes such as utilizing human and animal excreta, stalk, sewage is in airtight fermentation vat, is transformed by miscellaneous anaerobically fermenting microbial decomposition under the condition not having oxygen.And the biological procedures that can produce inflammable gas one methane is complicated.In this process, microorganism is a most active factor, and they are various solid or the complicated organism of dissolved state, according to respective nutritional need, carry out decomposition and inversion, finally produce the organism of the gas such as methane, ammonia and newly generation such as some half degradation production and soil ulmin etc.The gas that anaerobically fermenting produces is mixed gas, because this gas is swampy the earliest, so be commonly called biogas.The main component of biogas is methane, accounts for about 55%-70%, separately has the carbonic acid gas of 25%-40% and a small amount of hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, ammonia etc.Biogas can burn.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides liquid natural pond, a kind of natural pond slag is the Se-enriched bio preparation prepared of fermenting raw materials and preparation method, and containing elemental selenium in microbiological medicine containing rich selenium of the present invention, and elemental selenium is nano level, nontoxicity, human body is safe from harm, has antagonistic action to harmful heavy metal, have Degradation for the nitrate in vegetables, can be mixed with fertilizer, good stability, add water spray on plants blade face, reaches the rich selenium object of cereal, vegetables, fruit.And it is active that this Se-enriched bio preparation improves Soil Microorganism, improvement soil, increases the quantity of soil microorganisms, improves disease-resistant, the anti-adversity ability of fruit-vegetable plant, improves the advantages such as utilization rate of fertilizer.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Liquid natural pond, natural pond slag is a Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 15 ~ 30 parts, composite trace element 10 ~ 30 parts, potassium primary phosphate 15 ~ 40 parts, 20 ~ 50 parts, urea, peptone 15 ~ 40 parts, yeast powder 8 ~ 20 parts, NaCl15 ~ 40 part, NaOH15 ~ 30 part, NaNO
38 ~ 20 parts, NaCl20 ~ 50 part, NH
4cl8 ~ 20 part, K
2hPO
415 ~ 40 parts, extractum carnis 8 ~ 20 parts, glucose 20 ~ 50 parts, starch 20 ~ 50 parts, 15 ~ 40 parts, calcium carbonate, 20 ~ 50 parts, amino acid, 5 ~ 15 parts, saltpetre, 5 ~ 15 parts, ferrous sulfate, 20 ~ 50 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 50 ~ 80 parts, biochemical enzyme 20 ~ 50 parts, natural pond fertilizer 10000 ~ 20000 parts.
The present invention is preferred, described natural pond fertilizer is obtained through anaerobically fermenting by human and animal excreta, stalk, sanitary sewage organic waste, concrete grammar is as follows: straw is pulverized by (1), straw after pulverizing is placed in encloses container, piles ferment pre-treatment 12 ~ 24 hours at temperature 25 ~ 35 DEG C; Obtain pretreated straw, human and animal excreta and urine are put into settling bowl by (2), free sedimentation 1 ~ 2 day; (3) add in acidification pool by the human and animal excreta after free sedimentation, add sanitary sewage and regulate solid content to be 10% ~ 20%, stir 8 ~ 24h, this process adds sulfuric acid and keeps pH to be 5.3 ~ 6.2; (4) ight soil after being hydrolyzed with step (3) by the pretreated straw of step (1) mixes, and adds water and stirs, regulate water ratio to 80 ?90%, regulate C/N than to (20 ?30): 1, obtain mixed solution; (5) mixed solution is transported in proving room, 20 ~ 35 DEG C, under air tight condition, through anaerobically fermenting 15 ~ 30 days, obtain biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid, wherein, adding plant ash and ammoniacal liquor in fermenting process keeps pH to be 6.8 ~ 7.6, and stirs 2 ~ 3 every day, stirs 30 ~ 50min at every turn; Collection natural pond slag and natural pond liquid are natural pond fertilizer.
The present invention is preferred, and the anaerobically fermenting time is 15 ~ 20 days.
The present invention is preferred, and the mass ratio of natural pond Fei Zhong natural pond slag and natural pond liquid is (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 4).
The present invention is preferred, described composite trace element, be by etc. the following substances of quality mix: manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate.
The present invention is preferred, and described biochemical enzyme is phosphoglucokinase PEK, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carboxylase, glutamate dehydrogenase, carbamyl phosphate synthase I or carbamyl phosphate synthase II.
Phosphoglucokinase PEK, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carboxylase, glutamate dehydrogenase, carbamyl phosphate synthase I, carbamyl phosphate synthase II are prior art, all can buy in market.
Natural pond of the present invention is fertile in being the mixed solution containing multiple bacterium liquid.
The present invention is preferred, and described starch is W-Gum, wheat starch or sweet potato starch.
The present invention is preferred, and liquid natural pond, a kind of natural pond slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 20 ~ 25 parts, composite trace element 15 ~ 25 parts, potassium primary phosphate 20 ~ 40 parts, 30 ~ 40 parts, urea, peptone 25 ~ 40 parts, yeast powder 10 ~ 20 parts, NaCl20 ~ 30 part, NaOH20 ~ 24 part, NaNO
312 ~ 16 parts, NaCl30 ~ 40 part, NH
4cl8 ~ 20 part, K
2hPO
425 ~ 40 parts, extractum carnis 15 ~ 20 parts, glucose 30 ~ 40 parts, starch 30 ~ 40 parts, 25 ~ 40 parts, calcium carbonate, 30 ~ 40 parts, amino acid, 6 ~ 10 parts, saltpetre, 6 ~ 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 25 ~ 40 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 60 ~ 70 parts, biochemical enzyme 30 ~ 50 parts, natural pond fertilizer 12000 ~ 15000 parts.
The present invention is preferred, and liquid natural pond, a kind of natural pond slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 22 parts, composite trace element 20 parts, potassium primary phosphate 30 parts, 36 parts, urea, peptone 30 parts, yeast powder 18 parts, NaCl26 part, NaOH22 part, NaNO
314 parts, NaCl33 part, NH
4cl15 part, K
2hPO
426 parts, extractum carnis 18 parts, glucose 32 parts, starch 32 parts, 31 parts, calcium carbonate, 32 parts, amino acid, 10 parts, saltpetre, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 38 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 65 parts, biochemical enzyme 35 parts, fertile 13000 parts of natural pond.
Liquid natural pond, above-mentioned natural pond slag is the preparation method of Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, comprises step as follows:
Raw material Sodium Selenite, composite trace element, potassium primary phosphate, urea, peptone, yeast powder, NaCl, NaOH, NaNO is got by proportioning
3, NaCl, NH
4cl, K
2hPO
4, extractum carnis, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, amino acid, saltpetre, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate and biochemical enzyme, be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, mixture is added in the fertilizer of natural pond and stirs, in temperature 30 ~ 35 DEG C, oxygen free condition bottom fermentation 15 ~ 25d, when mixture color changes to redness, obtain Se-enriched bio preparation, described Se-enriched bio preparation is containing elemental selenium 0.3 ~ 0.4g/L, and described selenium is nano level, and median size is 60 ~ 150nm.
The present invention is preferred, and pass into rare gas element in anaerobic fermentation process and maintain oxygen-free environment, described rare gas element is nitrogen or argon gas.
The present invention is preferred, after mixture is added to and stirs in the fertilizer of natural pond, regulates water ratio to 60 ~ 80%.
The Se-enriched bio preparation that the present invention obtains is solid-liquid admixture, takes on a red color and shows the existence of selenium nano particles.
The application of above-mentioned Se-enriched bio preparation, for the proportion of crop planting fertilising use in scarce selenium, poor selenium area, root fertilising or leaf dressing during fertilising, during root fertilising, Se-enriched bio preparation is directly used, rich selenium preparation directly sprays in blade face pros and cons by leaf dressing, and described farm crop are grape, apple, summer squash, capsicum, cucumber, Chinese cabbage rape, tomato, eggplant or rape.
Preferred further, described root fertilising, Se-enriched bio preparation Direct Uniform ground cloth is sprinkled upon in crop root part surrounding soil, earthing covers tightly again, or decile some ditches or hole, cave centered by crop root part, even for Se-enriched bio preparation cloth is sprinkled upon in bar ditch or hole, cave, then earthing covers tightly, rate of fertilizer application: 15-30 ton/hectare.
Potassium primary phosphate of the present invention, urea, peptone, yeast powder, NaCl, NaOH, NaNO
3, NaCl, NH
4cl, K
2hPO
4, extractum carnis, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, amino acid, saltpetre, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate, be conventional commercial products.
Sodium Selenite used in the present invention is purchased from Jinan Zhuan Meng Bioisystech Co., Ltd.
Beneficial effect
Liquid natural pond, natural pond of the present invention slag is that Se-enriched bio preparation advantage prepared by fermenting raw materials is as follows:
1, the preparation method of microbiological medicine containing rich selenium of the present invention is liquid natural pond, the natural pond slag produced by anaerobically fermenting is that raw material and other raw material mixed fermentation obtain, and substantially increases the service efficiency of microbiological medicine containing rich selenium, has saved cost.
2, liquid natural pond, the natural pond slag that the anaerobically fermenting that microbiological medicine containing rich selenium of the present invention uses produces, not only can improve the fermenting speed of microbiological medicine containing rich selenium, and make the particle diameter of selenium nano particle more even, be more of value to the absorption of plant to this microbiological medicine containing rich selenium.
3, liquid natural pond, the natural pond slag that the anaerobically fermenting that microbiological medicine containing rich selenium of the present invention uses produces can increase the quantity of Soil Microorganism and improve the activity of Soil Microorganism.This type of bacterial classification causes farm crop to obtain specific fertilizer effect with its vital movement and meta-bolites thereof, growth regulating effect, the agricultural prods of the effects such as diseases prevention worm effect and soil organisms reparation.
4, rich selenium preparation of the present invention, except containing selenium element, also containing the nitrogen that plant is required, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, have production-increasing function to crop.
5, rich selenium preparation of the present invention has degeneration-resistant effect for diseases and pests of agronomic crop, and liquid natural pond, the natural pond slag that the anaerobically fermenting contained by it produces has antagonistic action to harmful heavy metal, has Degradation, can reduce applications of pesticide amount for the nitrate in vegetables.
6, use rich selenium preparation of the present invention to be fertilizer, containing elemental selenium in rich selenium preparation, and elemental selenium is nano level, and the rich selenium product of planting out contains nano level elemental selenium, selenium content is at 30 ~ 50 micro-gs/kg, and mouthfeel is good, rich in sugar, antioxidant property is good, and nontoxicity is safe from harm to human body.
7, rich selenium preparation of the present invention is also containing living microorganism, and farm crop can be caused to obtain the agricultural prods of the effects such as specific fertilizer effect, growth regulating effect, diseases prevention worm effect and soil organisms reparation with its vital movement and meta-bolites thereof, improving Soil structure and soil microenvironment, culture fertility, raising chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and reduction fertilizer and pesticide amount of application, preventing and treating in soil continuous cropping obstacle and raising crop yield quality etc. and can play the irreplaceable effect of other fertilizer.The root of plant can fix plant, moisture and the mineral salt be dissolved in the water and nitrogen can be absorbed again from soil, used for plant-growth, root system also can the material such as synthesizing amino acid, vegeto-alkali, organonitrogen, plant hormone, and healthy and strong flourishing root is that plant is necessary.
8, the present invention uses unnecessary stalk fully, avoids because of a series of adverse consequencess brought of burning.Feces of livestock and poultry injects antiseep, closed methane-generating pit carries out anaerobically fermenting and both can prevent the nutrient losss such as nutrient volatilization, leaching loss, can carry out harmless treatment again, both can increase income to it, again can environmental protect. and be achieve many things at one stroke.Take biogas engineering as the eco agricultural engineering model of tie, the multi-level utilization of resource can be realized, improve the ecological environment, obtain significant ecology, economic and social benefit.
9, the present invention obtained through anaerobically fermenting by organic substance, and not only the nutritive ingredient such as ammonia, phosphorus, potassium is intact, but also containing a large amount of organic matters and various bioactivators, is the high-quality fertilizer that a kind of speed is delayed fertilizer efficiency and had both.Spraying or impose on food crop, pollution-free vegetable, fruit tree, flowers, milk cow green fodder etc. in conjunction with irrigation water after the dilution of natural pond to make blade thick, and chlorophyll content increases, and improves the efficiency of light energy utilization, increase yield.Containing multiple antibiotics in the liquid of natural pond, all there is good prevention effect to diseases such as the insects such as aphid, red spider, trialeurodes vaporariorum and Powdery Mildew, oidium, gray molds.Liquid is weakly alkaline solution, has been rich in multiple amino acids, support one's family rope and complex enzyme, can promote the metabolism of organism and improve the utilization ratio of feed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but institute of the present invention protection domain is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Liquid natural pond, natural pond slag is a Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 22 parts, composite trace element 20 parts, potassium primary phosphate 30 parts, 36 parts, urea, peptone 30 parts, yeast powder 18 parts, NaCl26 part, NaOH22 part, NaNO
314 parts, NaCl33 part, NH
4cl15 part, K
2hPO
426 parts, extractum carnis 18 parts, glucose 32 parts, starch 32 parts, 31 parts, calcium carbonate, 32 parts, amino acid, 10 parts, saltpetre, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 38 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 65 parts, biochemical enzyme 35 parts, fertile 13000 parts of natural pond.
Natural pond fertilizer is obtained through anaerobically fermenting by human and animal excreta, stalk, sanitary sewage organic waste, concrete grammar is as follows: straw is pulverized by (1), straw after pulverizing is placed in encloses container, piles ferment pre-treatment 20 hours at temperature 30 DEG C; Obtain pretreated straw, human and animal excreta and urine are put into settling bowl by (2), free sedimentation 2 days; (3) add in acidification pool by the human and animal excreta after free sedimentation, add sanitary sewage and regulate solid content to be 10%, stir 12h, this process adds sulfuric acid and keeps pH to be 6.0; (4) ight soil after being hydrolyzed with step (3) by the pretreated straw of step (1) mixes, and adds water and stirs, and regulates water ratio to 80%, regulates C/N than to 25:1, obtains mixed solution; (5) mixed solution is transported in proving room, 30 DEG C, under air tight condition, through anaerobically fermenting 18 days, obtain biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid, wherein, add plant ash and ammoniacal liquor in fermenting process and keep pH to be 7.2, and stir 2 every day, stir 30min at every turn; Collection natural pond slag and natural pond liquid are natural pond fertilizer.
Preparation method, step is as follows:
Raw material Sodium Selenite, composite trace element, potassium primary phosphate, urea, peptone, yeast powder, NaCl, NaOH, NaNO is got by proportioning
3, NaCl, NH
4cl, K
2hPO
4, extractum carnis, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, amino acid, saltpetre, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate and biochemical enzyme, be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, mixture is added in the fertilizer of natural pond and stirs, regulate water ratio to 70%, in temperature 32 DEG C, oxygen free condition bottom fermentation 20d, when mixture color changes to redness, obtain Se-enriched bio preparation, described Se-enriched bio preparation is containing elemental selenium 0.3 ~ 0.4g/L, described selenium is nano level, and median size is 60 ~ 150nm.
Embodiment 2
Liquid natural pond, natural pond slag is a Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 30 parts, composite trace element 30 parts, potassium primary phosphate 40 parts, 50 parts, urea, peptone 40 parts, yeast powder 20 parts, NaCl40 part, NaOH30 part, NaNO
320 parts, NaCl50 part, NH
4cl20 part, K
2hPO
440 parts, extractum carnis 20 parts, glucose 50 parts, starch 50 parts, 40 parts, calcium carbonate, 50 parts, amino acid, 15 parts, saltpetre, 15 parts, ferrous sulfate, 50 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 80 parts, biochemical enzyme 50 parts, fertile 12000 parts of natural pond.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Liquid natural pond, natural pond slag is a Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 20 parts, composite trace element 15 parts, potassium primary phosphate 20 parts, 30 parts, urea, peptone 25 parts, yeast powder 10 parts, NaCl20 part, NaOH20 part, NaNO
312 parts, NaCl30 part, NH
4cl8 part, K
2hPO
425 parts, extractum carnis 15 parts, glucose 30 parts, starch 30 parts, 25 parts, calcium carbonate, 30 parts, amino acid, 6 parts, saltpetre, 6 parts, ferrous sulfate, 25 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 60 parts, biochemical enzyme 30 parts, fertile 13000 parts of natural pond.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Comparative example
A kind of Se-enriched bio preparation, feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 22 parts, composite trace element 20 parts, potassium primary phosphate 30 parts, 36 parts, urea, peptone 30 parts, yeast powder 18 parts, NaCl26 part, NaOH22 part, NaNO
314 parts, NaCl33 part, NH
4cl15 part, K
2hPO
426 parts, extractum carnis 18 parts, glucose 32 parts, starch 32 parts, 31 parts, calcium carbonate, 32 parts, amino acid, 10 parts, saltpetre, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 38 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 65 parts, biochemical enzyme 35 parts.
Preparation method, step is as follows:
Raw material Sodium Selenite, composite trace element, potassium primary phosphate, urea, peptone, yeast powder, NaCl, NaOH, NaNO is got by proportioning
3, NaCl, NH
4cl, K
2hPO
4, extractum carnis, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, amino acid, saltpetre, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate and biochemical enzyme, be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, regulate water ratio to 70%, in temperature 32 DEG C, oxygen free condition bottom fermentation 20d, obtain Se-enriched bio preparation.
The effect test of each Se-enriched bio formulation application of experimental example on cole crop
Carry out field rape experiment in October, 2014 in Xi Xin village village, Linshu County, Linyi to embodiment 1 ~ 3 and comparative example, first dilute when using, extension rate is 5 times, then according to 15 tons/hectare equably cloth be sprinkled upon in crop root part surrounding soil.Rape growing way the results are shown in Table 1:
The each rich selenium preparation of table 1 is to the application effect of plant (rape)
| Project | Plant growing way | Output |
| Embodiment 1 | Leaf dark green, growing way are healthy and strong | 65.31 |
| Embodiment 2 | Leaf dark green, growing way are healthy and strong | 67.84 |
| Embodiment 3 | Leaf dark green, growing way are healthy and strong | 67.78 |
| Control group (not using biotechnological formulation) | Blade, growing way are poor | 50.91 |
| Comparative example | Leaf dark green, growing way are general | 53.45 |
As can be seen from Table 1, under same test conditions, Se-enriched bio preparation of the present invention can significantly improve the output of crop; And control group plant growing way is general, output is well below of the present invention.
As can be seen here, microbiological medicine containing rich selenium of the present invention can increase the quantity of Soil Microorganism and improve the activity of Soil Microorganism.This type of bacterial classification causes farm crop to obtain specific fertilizer effect with its vital movement and meta-bolites thereof, growth regulating effect, and the effects such as diseases prevention worm effect and soil organisms reparation, substantially increase plant biomass.
Claims (10)
1. natural pond liquid natural pond slag is a Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 15 ~ 30 parts, composite trace element 10 ~ 30 parts, potassium primary phosphate 15 ~ 40 parts, 20 ~ 50 parts, urea, peptone 15 ~ 40 parts, yeast powder 8 ~ 20 parts, NaCl15 ~ 40 part, NaOH15 ~ 30 part, NaNO
38 ~ 20 parts, NaCl20 ~ 50 part, NH
4cl8 ~ 20 part, K
2hPO
415 ~ 40 parts, extractum carnis 8 ~ 20 parts, glucose 20 ~ 50 parts, starch 20 ~ 50 parts, 15 ~ 40 parts, calcium carbonate, 20 ~ 50 parts, amino acid, 5 ~ 15 parts, saltpetre, 5 ~ 15 parts, ferrous sulfate, 20 ~ 50 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 50 ~ 80 parts, biochemical enzyme 20 ~ 50 parts, natural pond fertilizer 10000 ~ 20000 parts.
2. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 1 slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, it is characterized in that, described natural pond fertilizer is obtained through anaerobically fermenting by human and animal excreta, stalk, sanitary sewage organic waste, concrete grammar is as follows: straw is pulverized by (1), straw after pulverizing is placed in encloses container, piles ferment pre-treatment 12 ~ 24 hours at temperature 25 ~ 35 DEG C; Obtain pretreated straw, human and animal excreta and urine are put into settling bowl by (2), free sedimentation 1 ~ 2 day; (3) add in acidification pool by the human and animal excreta after free sedimentation, add sanitary sewage and regulate solid content to be 10% ~ 20%, stir 8 ~ 24h, this process adds sulfuric acid and keeps pH to be 5.3 ~ 6.2; (4) ight soil after being hydrolyzed with step (3) by the pretreated straw of step (1) mixes, and adds water and stirs, regulate water ratio to 80 ?90%, regulate C/N than to (20 ?30): 1, obtain mixed solution; (5) mixed solution is transported in proving room, 20 ~ 35 DEG C, under air tight condition, through anaerobically fermenting 15 ~ 30 days, obtain biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid, wherein, adding plant ash and ammoniacal liquor in fermenting process keeps pH to be 6.8 ~ 7.6, and stirs 2 ~ 3 every day, stirs 30 ~ 50min at every turn; Collection natural pond slag and natural pond liquid are natural pond fertilizer.
3. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 2 slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, it is characterized in that, the anaerobically fermenting time is 15 ~ 20 days, and the mass ratio of natural pond Fei Zhong natural pond slag and natural pond liquid is (4 ~ 8): (1 ~ 4).
4. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 1 slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, it is characterized in that, described composite trace element, be by etc. the following substances of quality mix: manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate.
5. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 1 slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, it is characterized in that, described biochemical enzyme is phosphoglucokinase PEK, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carboxylase, glutamate dehydrogenase, carbamyl phosphate synthase I or carbamyl phosphate synthase II, and described starch is W-Gum, wheat starch or sweet potato starch.
6. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 1 slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and it is characterized in that, feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 20 ~ 25 parts, composite trace element 15 ~ 25 parts, potassium primary phosphate 20 ~ 40 parts, 30 ~ 40 parts, urea, peptone 25 ~ 40 parts, yeast powder 10 ~ 20 parts, NaCl20 ~ 30 part, NaOH20 ~ 24 part, NaNO
312 ~ 16 parts, NaCl30 ~ 40 part, NH
4cl8 ~ 20 part, K
2hPO
425 ~ 40 parts, extractum carnis 15 ~ 20 parts, glucose 30 ~ 40 parts, starch 30 ~ 40 parts, 25 ~ 40 parts, calcium carbonate, 30 ~ 40 parts, amino acid, 6 ~ 10 parts, saltpetre, 6 ~ 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 25 ~ 40 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 60 ~ 70 parts, biochemical enzyme 30 ~ 50 parts, natural pond fertilizer 12000 ~ 15000 parts.
7. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 1 slag is Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, and it is characterized in that, feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Sodium Selenite 22 parts, composite trace element 20 parts, potassium primary phosphate 30 parts, 36 parts, urea, peptone 30 parts, yeast powder 18 parts, NaCl26 part, NaOH22 part, NaNO
314 parts, NaCl33 part, NH
4cl15 part, K
2hPO
426 parts, extractum carnis 18 parts, glucose 32 parts, starch 32 parts, 31 parts, calcium carbonate, 32 parts, amino acid, 10 parts, saltpetre, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 38 parts, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate 65 parts, biochemical enzyme 35 parts, fertile 13000 parts of natural pond.
8. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 1 slag is the preparation method of Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, comprises step as follows:
Raw material Sodium Selenite, composite trace element, potassium primary phosphate, urea, peptone, yeast powder, NaCl, NaOH, NaNO is got by proportioning
3, NaCl, NH
4cl, K
2hPO
4, extractum carnis, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, amino acid, saltpetre, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, trisodium citrate and biochemical enzyme, be uniformly mixed, obtain mixture, mixture is added in the fertilizer of natural pond and stirs, in temperature 30 ~ 35 DEG C, oxygen free condition bottom fermentation 15 ~ 25d, when mixture color changes to redness, obtain Se-enriched bio preparation, described Se-enriched bio preparation is containing elemental selenium 0.3 ~ 0.4g/L, and described selenium is nano level, and median size is 60 ~ 150nm.
9. liquid natural pond, natural pond according to claim 8 slag is the preparation method of Se-enriched bio preparation prepared by fermenting raw materials, it is characterized in that, pass into rare gas element in anaerobic fermentation process and maintain oxygen-free environment, described rare gas element is nitrogen or argon gas, after mixture is added to and stirs in the fertilizer of natural pond, regulate water ratio to 60 ~ 80%.
10. the application of Se-enriched bio preparation according to claim 1, for the proportion of crop planting fertilising use in scarce selenium, poor selenium area, root fertilising or leaf dressing during fertilising, during root fertilising, Se-enriched bio preparation is directly used, rich selenium preparation directly sprays in blade face pros and cons by leaf dressing, and described farm crop are grape, apple, summer squash, capsicum, cucumber, Chinese cabbage rape, tomato, eggplant or rape; Described root fertilising, Se-enriched bio preparation Direct Uniform ground cloth is sprinkled upon in crop root part surrounding soil, earthing covers tightly again, or decile some ditches or hole, cave centered by crop root part, even for Se-enriched bio preparation cloth is sprinkled upon in bar ditch or hole, cave, earthing covers tightly again, rate of fertilizer application: 15-30 ton/hectare.
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