CN112191816B - Continuous casting system for gradient steel materials - Google Patents
Continuous casting system for gradient steel materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN112191816B CN112191816B CN202011010604.6A CN202011010604A CN112191816B CN 112191816 B CN112191816 B CN 112191816B CN 202011010604 A CN202011010604 A CN 202011010604A CN 112191816 B CN112191816 B CN 112191816B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/142—Plants for continuous casting for curved casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/116—Refining the metal
- B22D11/119—Refining the metal by filtering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1226—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for straightening strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
Abstract
The invention provides a continuous casting system of a gradient steel material, which comprises a steel ladle, a tundish, a crystallizer, an immersion nozzle and a straightening area, wherein the tundish is positioned below the steel ladle, the crystallizer is positioned below the tundish, the immersion nozzle is arranged between the steel ladle and the tundish and between the tundish and the crystallizer, and the straightening area is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer; the pulling and straightening area comprises first straightening rollers, a steel blank and connecting end covers, the first straightening rollers are equidistantly distributed on the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the steel blank, and the connecting end covers are movably arranged between the outer surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the upper first straightening roller and the lower first straightening roller; the crystallizer comprises a crystallization inlet, a crystallization outlet and a slag removing mechanism, the continuous casting system of the gradient steel material can remove steel slag in molten liquid, the quality of steel billets is improved, the cooling speed of the steel billets is increased, the casting efficiency is improved, the steel billets are pulled and straightened uniformly and in regular shapes, and ash slag on the surfaces of the cooled steel billets can be cleaned conveniently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of continuous casting, in particular to a continuous casting system for gradient steel materials.
Background
The gradient material is strictly referred to as a "gradient functional composite material", which is also called an inclined functional material, and refers to a material combining two different properties, so that the same material has two different properties or functions;
continuous casting is an advanced casting method, the principle is that molten metal is continuously poured into a special metal mold called a crystallizer, a solidified (crusted) casting is continuously pulled out from the other end of the crystallizer, the casting with any length or specific length can be obtained, the development of continuous casting is an important means for carrying out structure optimization in the metallurgical industry of China, the low efficiency and high consumption current situation of metal material production of China is fundamentally changed, the product structure is promoted to be developed towards the specialized direction, the development of advanced continuous casting technologies such as near-net-shape continuous casting, single crystal continuous casting, high-efficiency continuous casting, continuous casting billet heat-supply and hot-charging and the like is very active, and the development and development of a series of novel materials are driven;
chinese patent discloses a continuous casting apparatus, patent application No. CN201520190142.9, having a tundish, a casting mold and a light-weight lower part, for manufacturing a cast slab, characterized in that the continuous casting apparatus comprises: a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of molten steel in the tundish; a molten steel heater for heating molten steel in the tundish; a speed detector for detecting a casting speed of a cast slab; a speed adjusting unit for adjusting a casting speed; a 1 st control part for controlling the molten steel heater to maintain the fluctuation range of the temperature of the molten steel within 10 ℃; and a 2 nd control section for controlling the speed adjusting section to maintain the speed deviation of the casting speed within ± 10%;
although the device can fully inhibit the segregation at the central part of the casting blank, when the gradient steel material is cast, because pig iron contains impurities such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur and the like, the impurities are oxidized into steel slag in the smelting process, the steel slag can not be cleaned, the casting quality of the gradient steel material is influenced, the cooling speed in the steel billet pulling and straightening operation is slow, the continuous casting operation time is prolonged, the pulling and straightening of the side surface of the steel billet can not be realized, the forming quality of the steel billet is reduced, slag ash exists on the surface after the steel billet is cooled, and the cleaning of the slag ash is very difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous casting system for gradient steel materials, which can remove steel slag in molten liquid, improve the quality of steel billets, accelerate the cooling speed of the steel billets, improve the casting efficiency, uniformly draw and correct the steel billets, and conveniently clean slag on the surfaces of the cooled steel billets.
The invention provides a continuous casting system of a gradient steel material, which comprises a steel ladle, a tundish, a crystallizer, an immersion nozzle and a straightening area, wherein the tundish is positioned below the steel ladle, the crystallizer is positioned below the tundish, the immersion nozzle is arranged between the steel ladle and the tundish and between the tundish and the crystallizer, and the straightening area is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer;
the pulling and straightening area comprises first straightening rollers, a steel blank and connecting end covers, the first straightening rollers are equidistantly distributed on the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the steel blank, and the connecting end covers are movably arranged between the outer surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the upper first straightening roller and the lower first straightening roller;
the crystallizer comprises a crystallization inlet, a crystallization outlet and a slag removal mechanism, wherein the crystallization inlet is arranged at the upper end of the crystallizer and is communicated with the submerged nozzle, the crystallization outlet is arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer and is communicated with the withdrawal and straightening area, and the slag removal mechanism is fixedly arranged at the upper end inside the crystallizer;
the inside cooling body that is equipped with of connection end cover, cooling body includes first recess, first gear, ventilation window, second gear and cooling fan, first recess is seted up and is close to the one end of straightening the district in the connection end cover, first gear fixed mounting is in both ends around the surface of the first roller of straightening in upper end, the ventilation window is seted up and is kept away from the one end surface intermediate position of straightening the district in the connection end cover, second gear movable mounting is in the inside position that corresponds the ventilation window of connection end cover, cooling fan fixed mounting is close to the one end of straightening the district in the second gear, mesh mutually between first gear and the second gear.
When the device works, firstly, the mixed molten steel is poured into a steel ladle, then the molten liquid in the steel ladle is guided into a tundish through an immersion nozzle to reduce pressure, stabilize flow, store steel and split flow, then the molten liquid in the tundish is guided into a crystallizer through the immersion nozzle, the molten steel is cooled in the crystallizer and is preliminarily solidified into a casting blank shape with a certain blank shell thickness, the casting blank is continuously pulled out downwards from a crystallization outlet on the crystallizer to enter a pulling and straightening area, the steel blank is straightened by a first straightening roller after entering the pulling and straightening area, at the moment, the steel blank is blown by a cooling mechanism to reduce the temperature so as to accelerate the forming speed of the steel blank, the first straightening roller rotates along with the upper end of the steel blank to drive a first gear to rotate, and the first gear is meshed with a second gear, so that the first gear drives a second gear to rotate, the second gear drives a cooling fan to rotate, and external air flow is guided into the inside of a connecting end cover through a ventilation window, and the air flow is blown to the surface of the steel billet, so that the temperature of the steel billet is reduced by utilizing the air flow, and the continuous casting material rate is improved.
Preferably, the cooling mechanism is provided with an auxiliary straightening mechanism, the auxiliary straightening mechanism comprises a positioning shaft, a positioning plate and a second straightening roller, the positioning shaft penetrates through the inside of the cooling fan and the second gear and is fixedly connected with the ventilation window, the positioning plate is fixedly installed at the front ends of the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the positioning shaft, and the second straightening roller is movably installed at the front end between the two positioning plates.
Because first roller of rectifying only sets up in the upper and lower both ends of steel billet, the front and back both ends of steel billet can not be pulled and rectified, lead to the shape of steel billet nonstandard easily, pull and rectify the mechanism through supplementary pulling and rectify the front and back both ends of steel billet this moment, cooperate first roller of rectifying to make the steel billet shape more excellent, utilize the locating plate to rectify the roller to carry out the centre gripping to the second and fix, fix the locating plate through the location axle, utilize the second to rectify the roller and pull and rectify the steel billet from the front and back both ends of steel billet, optimize the shaping form of steel billet.
Preferably, the outer surface of one end, far away from the straightening area, of the connecting end cover is provided with a dust removal mechanism, the dust removal mechanism comprises a cleaning rod and a cleaning brush, the cleaning rod is movably installed on the outer surface of one end, far away from the straightening area, of the ventilation window, one side, close to the ventilation window, of the outer surface of one end of the cleaning rod is connected with the ventilation window through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the ventilation window and is connected with the second gear.
Because the cooling fan guides the outside air flow into the connecting end cover through the ventilation window when the steel billet is cooled by the cooling mechanism, the outside impurities enter the connecting end cover together with the air flow and finally blow to the steel billet, which can pollute the steel billet, the outside impurities can be blocked by the ventilation window, but the impurities attached to the ventilation window can influence the ventilation effect of the ventilation window, at the moment, the ventilation window can be cleaned by the dust removing mechanism, because the cleaning rod on the dust removing mechanism is connected with the second gear through the rotating shaft, the second gear can drive the cleaning rod to rotate when rotating, the impurities attached to the ventilation window can be brushed down by the cleaning brush on the cleaning rod, the common condition of the ventilation window is ensured, and meanwhile, the cleaning brush is arranged on one side of the cleaning rod, compared with the traditional method that the cleaning brush is arranged on the binding surface of the cleaning rod and the ventilation window, can prevent the impurities from being pushed into the filter holes of the ventilation window when the impurities are cleaned.
Preferably, the slagging-off mechanism includes guide plate and filter residue grid, the inside upper end of crystallizer is located to the guide plate, filter residue grid fixed mounting is between the internal surface of guide plate and crystallizer, the both sides of guide plate are the arcwall face, the upper end surface of filter residue grid is the arcwall face.
Because the gradient steel material is cast by the mixed solution of steel and iron, and the pig iron contains impurities such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur and the like, the impurities can be oxidized into steel slag in the smelting process, the steel slag can not be removed, and the casting quality of the gradient steel material is influenced, the slag needs to be removed through a slag removing mechanism after the molten steel is introduced into the crystallizer, the molten steel falls onto the guide plate after entering the crystallizer and is guided to two sides by the guide plate, because the two sides of the guide plate are arc surfaces, the contact area between the molten steel and the inner part of the crystallizer is larger, the cooling forming speed of the molten steel is improved, and because the molten steel is cooled, the steel slag can float on the surface, and the steel slag on the surface of the molten steel is filtered through the slag filtering grid at the moment, the purity of the molten steel is improved, and the casting quality of the gradient steel is enhanced.
Preferably, be equipped with on the first roller of rectifying and scrape sediment mechanism, scrape sediment mechanism and include second recess, scraper, third recess, telescopic push rod and spring, the second recess is seted up in the first upper end surface of rectifying the roller, scraper movable mounting is in the inside of second recess, both ends around the inside of second recess are seted up to the third recess, telescopic push rod runs through in the inside of third recess, spring movable mounting is between third recess and telescopic push rod, and fixed connection between telescopic push rod's upper end and the scraper.
Because the surface of the formed steel billet can form ash slag due to oxidation, the ash slag is very difficult to clean, the ash slag can be conveniently cleaned through the slag scraping mechanism, in the working process, when the side, provided with the scraper, of the first straightening roller rotates to a direction far away from the steel billet, the telescopic push rod pushes the scraper to be separated from the second groove, then the scraper is contacted with the steel billet when the scraper rotates to a direction facing the steel billet along with the first straightening roller, the ash slag attached to the surface of the steel billet is scraped by the scraper, along with the rotation of the first straightening roller, the characteristic that the contact surface of the scraper and the steel billet is an arc surface is combined, the scraper is extruded and contracted to the inside of the second groove by the steel billet, the telescopic push rod is contracted to the inside of the third groove, at the moment, the spring is contracted and deformed, when the scraper rotates to a direction far away from the steel billet again, the spring resets, the scraper is used for scraping the second groove by the telescopic push rod, the process of circulating and continuously scraping the ash slag on the surface of the steel billet, the cleanliness of the steel billet is improved.
Preferably, the inside of second recess is equipped with clearance mechanism, clearance mechanism is including advancing cinder notch, closing cap, leading cinder notch, fourth recess and thread plug, it sets up in inside one side of second recess to advance the cinder notch, closing cap movable mounting is in the first front and back both ends of rectifying the roller, thread plug fixed mounting is close to the one end of first rectifying the roller in the closing cap, lead the cinder notch and set up in one side of scraper, the lower extreme surface of scraper is set up in to the fourth recess, it is linked together with leading the cinder notch to advance the cinder notch.
Although the lime-ash on steel billet surface is scraped, but not collect it and scatter very easily around, accessible clearance mechanism clears up the lime-ash of scraping this moment, the scraper is scraping the back with lime-ash from the steel billet surface, in the fourth recess on the lime-ash tendency entering scraper, wait the scraper to shrink to the inside back of fourth recess, lead the cinder notch on the scraper and the inside slag notch of advancing of second recess align, lead the cinder notch in with the fourth recess through leading the cinder notch and leading into in advancing the cinder notch, and finally fall into the inside of first roller of rectifying by advancing the cinder notch, after waiting to cast, dismantle the closing cap from the both ends of first roller of rectifying, can empty the clearance to the lime-ash of first roller inside collection, later again with the plug screw on the closing cap run through to first roller of rectifying inside with first roller threaded connection can.
Advantageous effects
1. Because the gradient steel material is cast by a mixed solution of steel and iron, and the pig iron contains impurities such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur and the like, the impurities can be oxidized into steel slag in the smelting process, the steel slag can not be removed, and the casting quality of the gradient steel material is influenced, the slag needs to be removed by a slag removing mechanism after the molten steel is introduced into the crystallizer, the molten steel falls onto the guide plate after entering the crystallizer and is guided to two sides by the guide plate, because the two sides of the guide plate are arc surfaces, the contact area between the molten steel and the inner part of the crystallizer is larger, the cooling forming speed of the molten steel is improved, and because the molten steel is cooled, the steel slag can float on the surface, and the steel slag on the surface of the molten steel is filtered by the slag filtering grid at the moment, the purity of the molten steel is improved, and the casting quality of the gradient steel is enhanced;
2. the billet is straightened by the first straightening roll after entering the straightening area, the billet is blown by the cooling mechanism to reduce the temperature, the forming speed of the billet is accelerated, the first straightening roll at the upper end of the billet rotates to drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, so that the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the second gear drives the cooling fan to rotate, outside air flow is guided into the connecting end cover through the ventilation window and blown to the surface of the billet, the billet is cooled by the air flow, the continuous casting material rate is improved, because the first straightening roll is only arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the billet, the front end and the rear end of the billet cannot be straightened, the shape of the billet is easily irregular, the front end and the rear end of the billet are straightened by the auxiliary straightening mechanism, the shape of the billet is more excellent by matching with the first straightening roll, and the second straightening roll is clamped and fixed by the positioning plate, when the steel billet is cooled by the cooling mechanism, the cooling fan guides external air flow into the connecting end cover through the ventilation window, impurities outside enter the connecting end cover together with the air flow and are finally blown onto the steel billet, the steel billet can be polluted, the external impurities can be blocked by the ventilation window, but the impurities are attached to the ventilation window to influence the ventilation effect of the ventilation window, at the moment, the ventilation window can be cleaned by the dust removing mechanism, as the cleaning rod on the dust removing mechanism is connected with the second gear through the rotating shaft, the cleaning rod can be driven to rotate when the second gear rotates, and the impurities attached to the ventilation window can be brushed down by the cleaning brush on the cleaning rod, the ventilation window is ensured to be normal, and meanwhile, the cleaning brush is arranged on one side of the cleaning rod, so that compared with the traditional method that the cleaning brush is arranged on the binding surface of the cleaning rod and the ventilation window, the cleaning brush can prevent impurities from being pushed into the filtering holes of the ventilation window when the impurities are cleaned;
3. because the surface of the formed steel billet can form ash slag due to oxidation, the ash slag is very difficult to clean, the ash slag can be conveniently cleaned through the slag scraping mechanism, in the working process, when the side, provided with the scraper, of the first straightening roller rotates to a direction far away from the steel billet, the telescopic push rod pushes the scraper to be separated from the second groove, then the scraper is contacted with the steel billet when the scraper rotates to a direction facing the steel billet along with the first straightening roller, the ash slag attached to the surface of the steel billet is scraped by the scraper, along with the rotation of the first straightening roller, the characteristic that the contact surface of the scraper and the steel billet is an arc surface is combined, the scraper is extruded and contracted to the inside of the second groove by the steel billet, the telescopic push rod is contracted to the inside of the third groove, at the moment, the spring is contracted and deformed, when the scraper rotates to a direction far away from the steel billet again, the spring resets, the scraper is used for scraping the second groove by the telescopic push rod, the process of circulating and continuously scraping the ash slag on the surface of the steel billet, improve the cleanliness factor of steel billet, although the lime-ash on steel billet surface is scraped, but not collect to it and scatter very easily all around, accessible clearance mechanism clears up the lime-ash of scraping this moment, the scraper is scraping the back with lime-ash from the steel billet surface, in the fourth recess on the lime-ash tendency gets into the scraper, wait the scraper to shrink to the inside back of fourth recess, the slag notch that leads on the scraper aligns with the inside slag notch that advances of second recess, lead the slag notch with the lime-ash introduction in the fourth recess in advance the slag notch, and finally fall into the inside of first roller of rectifying by advancing the slag notch, treat after the continuous casting, dismantle the closing cap from the both ends of first roller of rectifying, can empty the clearance to the lime-ash of first roller of rectifying inside collection, later run through the plug screw on the closing cap to first roller of rectifying inside with first roller threaded connection can.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cooling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary withdrawal and straightening mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust removing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cleaning rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a slag removal mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a residue grid configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a slag scraping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a family calendar mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a doctor blade configuration of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the closure of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a ladle; 2. a tundish; 3. a crystallizer; 31. a crystallization inlet; 32. a crystallization outlet; 33. a deslagging mechanism; 331. a baffle; 332. filtering residue by a grid; 4. an immersion nozzle; 5. a withdrawal and straightening area; 51. a first leveling roll; 52. a steel billet; 53. connecting an end cover; 54. a cooling mechanism; 541. a first groove; 542. a first gear; 543. a ventilation window; 544. a second gear; 545. a cooling fan; 55. an auxiliary withdrawal and straightening mechanism; 551. positioning the shaft; 552. positioning a plate; 553. a second leveling roll; 56. a dust removal mechanism; 561. a cleaning rod; 562. a cleaning brush; 57. a slag scraping mechanism; 571. a second groove; 572. a scraper; 573. a third groove; 574. a telescopic push rod; 575. a spring; 58. a cleaning mechanism; 581. a slag inlet; 582. sealing the cover; 583. a slag guide port; 584. a fourth groove; 585. and (4) a threaded plug.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a continuous casting system for gradient ferrous materials, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, comprising a ladle 1, a tundish 2, a crystallizer 3, an immersion nozzle 4 and a straightening and withdrawal area 5, wherein the tundish 2 is positioned below the ladle 1, the crystallizer 3 is positioned below the tundish 2, the immersion nozzle 4 is arranged between the ladle 1 and the tundish 2 and between the tundish 2 and the crystallizer 3, and the straightening and withdrawal area 5 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer 3;
the pulling and straightening area 5 comprises first straightening rollers 51, a steel blank 52 and connecting end covers 53, the first straightening rollers 51 are equidistantly distributed on the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the steel blank 52, and the connecting end covers 53 are movably arranged between the outer surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the upper first straightening roller 51 and the outer surfaces of the rear end of the upper first straightening roller 51;
the crystallizer 3 comprises a crystallization inlet 31, a crystallization outlet 32 and a deslagging mechanism 33, wherein the crystallization inlet 31 is arranged at the upper end of the crystallizer 3, the crystallization inlet 31 is communicated with the submerged nozzle 4, the crystallization outlet 32 is arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer 3, the crystallization outlet 32 is communicated with the pulling and straightening area 5, and the deslagging mechanism 33 is fixedly arranged at the upper end inside the crystallizer 3;
a cooling mechanism 54 is arranged inside the connecting end cover 53, the cooling mechanism 54 comprises a first groove 541, a first gear 542, ventilation windows 543, a second gear 544 and a cooling fan 545, the first groove 541 is arranged at one end of the connecting end cover 53 close to the pulling and straightening area 5, the first gear 542 is fixedly arranged at the front end and the rear end of the outer surface of the first straightening roller 51 at the upper end, the ventilation windows 543 are arranged at the middle position of the outer surface of one end of the connecting end cover 53 far away from the pulling and straightening area 5, the second gear 544 is movably arranged inside the connecting end cover 53 at a position corresponding to the ventilation windows 543, the cooling fan 545 is fixedly arranged at one end of the second gear 544 close to the pulling and straightening area 5, and the first gear 542 is meshed with the second gear 544;
when the steel casting device works, firstly, mixed molten steel is poured into a steel ladle 1, then, the molten steel in the steel ladle 1 is introduced into a tundish 2 through a submerged nozzle 4 for pressure reduction, steady flow, steel storage and split flow, then, the molten steel in the tundish 2 is introduced into a crystallizer 3 through the submerged nozzle 4, the molten steel is cooled in the crystallizer 3 and is primarily solidified into a casting blank shape with a certain blank shell thickness, the casting blank shape is continuously pulled downwards from a crystallization outlet 32 on the crystallizer 3 to enter a pulling and straightening area 5, a steel blank 52 enters the pulling and straightening area 5 and is straightened by a first straightening roller 51, at the moment, the steel blank 52 is blown by a cooling mechanism 54 to reduce the temperature, the forming speed of the steel blank 52 is accelerated, the first straightening roller 51 on the upper end of the steel blank 52 rotates to drive a first gear 542 to rotate, and the first gear 542 is meshed with a second gear 544, so that the first gear 542 drives the second gear 544 to rotate, and a cooling fan 545 is driven by the second gear 544, the outside air flow is introduced into the inside of the connecting end cap 53 through the ventilation window 543 and is blown to the surface of the billet 52, so that the billet 52 is cooled by the air flow, and the continuous casting rate is improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the cooling mechanism 54 is provided with an auxiliary straightening mechanism 55, the auxiliary straightening mechanism 55 includes a positioning shaft 551, a positioning plate 552 and a second straightening roll 553, the positioning shaft 551 is inserted into the cooling fan 545 and the second gear 544 and fixedly connected to the ventilation window 543, the positioning plate 552 is fixedly mounted at the front end position of the outer surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the positioning shaft 551, the second straightening roll 553 is movably mounted at the front end position between the two positioning plates 552, the first straightening roll 51 is only arranged at the upper and lower ends of the billet 52, the front and rear ends of the billet 52 are not straightened, the shape of the billet 52 is easily irregular, at this time, the front and rear ends of the billet 52 are straightened by the auxiliary straightening mechanism 55, the shape of the billet 52 is more excellent by matching with the first straightening roll 51, the second straightening roll 553 is clamped and fixed by the positioning plates 552, the billet 52 is pulled and straightened from both front and rear ends of the billet 52 by the second straightening rollers 553 while the positioning plate 552 is fixed by the positioning shaft 551, and the molding form of the billet 52 is optimized.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, a dust removing mechanism 56 is disposed on an outer surface of one end of the connecting end cover 53 away from the straightening area 5, the dust removing mechanism 56 includes a cleaning rod 561 and a cleaning brush 562, the cleaning rod 561 is movably mounted on an outer surface of one end of the ventilation window 543 away from the straightening area 5, one side of the outer surface of one end of the cleaning rod 561 near the ventilation window 543 is connected to the ventilation window 543 through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the ventilation window 543 and is connected to the second gear 544, when the steel billet 52 is cooled by the cooling mechanism 54, the cooling fan 545 guides the outside air flow into the connecting end cover 53 through the ventilation window 543, so that the outside impurities enter the connecting end cover 53 together with the air flow and finally blow onto the steel billet 52, which may cause contamination to the steel billet 52, and may block the outside impurities through the ventilation window 543, but impurity attaches to and can influence the ventilation effect of ventilation window 543 on ventilation window 543, accessible dust removal mechanism 56 clears up ventilation window 543 this moment, because cleaning rod 561 on dust removal mechanism 56 is connected with second gear 544 through the pivot, can rotate through driving cleaning rod 561 when second gear 544 rotates, utilize cleaning brush 562 on cleaning rod 561 can brush down the impurity that attaches to on ventilation window 543, the unobstructed of ventilation window 543 has been ensured, cleaning brush 562 sets up in one side of cleaning rod 561 simultaneously, compare the tradition and set up cleaning brush 562 in the binding face of cleaning rod 561 and ventilation window 543, can prevent to push into the filtration pore of ventilation window 543 with impurity when clearing up the impurity.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the deslagging mechanism 33 includes a guide plate 331 and a slag-filtering grid 332, the guide plate 331 is disposed at an upper end of the interior of the mold 3, the slag-filtering grid 332 is fixedly disposed between the guide plate 331 and an inner surface of the mold 3, two sides of the guide plate 331 are arc surfaces, an outer surface of an upper end of the slag-filtering grid 332 is an arc surface, since the gradient steel material is cast from a mixed solution of steel and iron, and pig iron contains impurities such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur, which are oxidized into steel slag during a smelting process, the steel slag cannot be removed, which affects a casting quality of the gradient steel material, so that deslagging needs to be performed by the deslagging mechanism 33 after the molten steel is introduced into the mold 3, the molten steel falls onto the guide plate 331 after entering the mold 3, and is guided to two sides by the guide plate 331, and two sides of the guide plate 331 are arc surfaces, the contact area between the molten steel and the inner part of the crystallizer 3 is larger, the cooling forming speed of the molten steel is improved, and the steel slag floats on the surface after the molten steel is cooled, so that the steel slag on the surface of the molten steel is filtered through the filter residue grating 332, the purity of the molten steel is improved, and the casting quality of gradient steel is improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the first leveling roller 51 is provided with a slag scraping mechanism 57, the slag scraping mechanism 57 includes a second groove 571, a scraper 572, a third groove 573, a telescopic push rod 574 and a spring 575, the second groove 571 is opened on the outer surface of the upper end of the first leveling roller 51, the scraper 572 is movably mounted inside the second groove 571, the third grooves 573 are opened on the front and rear ends inside the second groove 571, the telescopic push rod 574 is inserted inside the third groove 573, the spring 575 is movably mounted between the third groove 573 and the telescopic push rod 574, and the upper end of the telescopic push rod 572 and the scraper are fixedly connected, since the formed surface of the billet 52 is oxidized to form ash slag, which is difficult to clean up, the ash slag is easily cleaned up by the slag scraping mechanism 57, when the first leveling roller 51 with the scraper 572 rotates to a direction away from the billet 52, the telescopic push rod 574 pushes the scraper 572 to be separated from the second groove 571, then when the scraper 572 rotates to face the direction of the steel blank 52 along with the first leveling roller 51, the scraper 572 is in contact with the steel blank 52, ash attached to the surface of the steel blank 52 is scraped by the scraper 572, along with the rotation of the first leveling roller 51, in combination with the characteristic that the contact surface of the scraper 572 and the steel blank 52 is an arc-shaped surface, the scraper 572 is squeezed and contracted to the inside of the second groove 571 by the steel blank 52, the telescopic push rod 574 is contracted to the inside of the third groove 573, at this time, the spring 575 is contracted and deformed, when the scraper 572 rotates to the direction far away from the steel blank 52 again, the spring 575 is reset, the scraper 572 is pushed out of the second groove 571 by the telescopic push rod 574, and the cycle is performed, so that ash on the surface of the steel blank 52 is continuously scraped, and the cleanliness of the steel blank 52 is improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, a cleaning mechanism 58 is provided inside the second groove 571, the cleaning mechanism 58 includes a slag inlet 581, a cover 582, a slag guide 583, a fourth groove 584, and a screw plug 585, the slag inlet 581 is opened at one side inside the second groove 571, the cover 582 is movably installed at the front and rear ends of the first leveling roller 51, the screw plug 585 is fixedly installed at one end of the cover 582 close to the first leveling roller 51, the slag guide 583 is opened at one side of the scraper 572, the fourth groove 584 is opened at the outer surface of the lower end of the scraper 572, the slag inlet 581 is communicated with the slag guide 583, ash on the surface of the billet 52 is scraped but not easily scattered around, at this time, the scraped ash can be cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 58, after the ash is scraped from the surface of the billet 52, after the scraper 572 contracts into the fourth groove 584, a slag guide port 583 on the scraper 572 is aligned with a slag inlet 581 inside the second groove 571, the ash in the fourth groove 584 is guided into the slag inlet 581 through the slag guide port 583, and finally falls into the first straightening roller 51 through the slag inlet 581, after the continuous casting is finished, the sealing cover 582 is detached from two ends of the first straightening roller 51, so that the ash collected inside the first straightening roller 51 can be poured and cleaned, and then the threaded plug 585 on the sealing cover 582 penetrates into the first straightening roller 51 and is in threaded connection with the first straightening roller 51.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The continuous casting system for the gradient steel materials comprises a steel ladle (1), a tundish (2), a crystallizer (3), an immersion nozzle (4) and a pulling and straightening area (5), and is characterized in that the tundish (2) is positioned below the steel ladle (1), the crystallizer (3) is positioned below the tundish (2), the immersion nozzle (4) is arranged between the steel ladle (1) and the tundish (2) and between the tundish (2) and the crystallizer (3), and the pulling and straightening area (5) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer (3);
the pulling and straightening area (5) comprises first straightening rollers (51), a steel blank (52) and connecting end covers (53), the first straightening rollers (51) are distributed on the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the steel blank (52) at equal intervals, and the connecting end covers (53) are movably arranged between the outer surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the upper first straightening roller (51) and the lower first straightening roller (51);
the crystallizer (3) comprises a crystallization inlet (31), a crystallization outlet (32) and a deslagging mechanism (33), wherein the crystallization inlet (31) is arranged at the upper end of the crystallizer (3), the crystallization inlet (31) is communicated with the submerged nozzle (4), the crystallization outlet (32) is arranged at the lower end of the crystallizer (3), the crystallization outlet (32) is communicated with the withdrawal and straightening area (5), and the deslagging mechanism (33) is fixedly arranged at the upper end inside the crystallizer (3);
a cooling mechanism (54) is arranged in the connecting end cover (53), the cooling mechanism (54) comprises a first groove (541), a first gear (542), a ventilation window (543), a second gear (544) and a cooling fan (545), the first groove (541) is arranged at one end of the connecting end cover (53) close to the pulling and straightening area (5), the first gear (542) is fixedly arranged at the front end and the rear end of the outer surface of the first straightening roller (51), the ventilation window (543) is arranged in the middle of the outer surface of one end of the connecting end cover (53) far away from the withdrawal and straightening area (5), the second gear (544) is movably arranged at the position corresponding to the ventilation window (543) in the connecting end cover (53), the cooling fan (545) is fixedly arranged at one end of the second gear (544) close to the tension-correction area (5), and the first gear (542) is meshed with the second gear (544);
the slag removing mechanism (33) comprises a guide plate (331) and a filter residue grating (332), the guide plate (331) is arranged at the upper end inside the crystallizer (3), the filter residue grating (332) is fixedly arranged between the guide plate (331) and the inner surface of the crystallizer (3), two sides of the guide plate (331) are arc surfaces, and the outer surface of the upper end of the filter residue grating (332) is an arch surface;
the first leveling roller (51) is provided with a slag scraping mechanism (57), the slag scraping mechanism (57) comprises a second groove (571), a scraper (572), a third groove (573), a telescopic push rod (574) and a spring (575), the second groove (571) is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the first leveling roller (51), the scraper (572) is movably arranged in the second groove (571), the third groove (573) is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the inner part of the second groove (571), the telescopic push rod (574) penetrates through the inner part of the third groove (573), the spring (575) is movably arranged between the third groove (573) and the telescopic push rod (574), and the upper end of the telescopic push rod (574) is fixedly connected with the scraper (572);
the inside of second recess (571) is equipped with clearance mechanism (58), clearance mechanism (58) are including advancing slag notch (581), closing cap (582), lead slag notch (583), fourth recess (584) and thread plug (585), advance slag notch (581) and set up in the inside one side of second recess (571), closing cap (582) movable mounting is in the front and back both ends of first straightening roller (51), thread plug (585) fixed mounting is in the one end that closing cap (582) is close to first straightening roller (51), lead slag notch (583) and set up in one side of scraper (572), fourth recess (584) is set up in the lower extreme surface of scraper (572), it is linked together with slag notch (583) to advance slag notch (581).
2. The continuous casting system for the gradient ferrous material according to claim 1, wherein the cooling mechanism (54) is provided with an auxiliary pulling and straightening mechanism (55), the auxiliary pulling and straightening mechanism (55) comprises a positioning shaft (551), a positioning plate (552) and a second straightening roller (553), the positioning shaft (551) penetrates through the cooling fan (545) and the second gear (544) and is fixedly connected with the ventilation window (543), the positioning plate (552) is fixedly arranged at the front position of the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the positioning shaft (551), and the second straightening roller (553) is movably arranged at the front position between the two positioning plates (552).
3. The continuous casting system for the gradient steel material as recited in claim 2, wherein a dust removing mechanism (56) is disposed on an outer surface of one end of the connecting end cover (53) far away from the straightening area (5), the dust removing mechanism (56) comprises a cleaning rod (561) and a cleaning brush (562), the cleaning rod (561) is movably mounted on an outer surface of one end of the ventilation window (543) far away from the straightening area (5), one side of the outer surface of one end of the cleaning rod (561) close to the ventilation window (543) is connected with the ventilation window (543) through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the ventilation window (543) and is connected with the second gear (544).
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