CN112075541A - 一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及“一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法”，属于反刍动物饲料领域，具体的说是一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料。玉米与膨化玉米35‑40份（两者按照1:1比例添加）、大豆粕15‑20份、大豆皮5‑10份、小麦粉4‑6份、小麦麸4‑6份、玉米DDGS 4‑6份、米糠粕4‑6份、甘蔗糖蜜2‑3份、玉米蛋白粉1‑2份、石粉1.8‑2.5份、氯化钠0.6‑0.8份、L‑赖氨酸盐酸盐0.3‑0.5份、复合维生素微量元素预混剂0.4份、发酵饲料3‑5份；其中，玉米、大豆粕、米糠粕利用粉碎机进行2.0mm粉碎，再将上述各组分原料进行混合搅拌均匀，进行制粒，制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68‑75℃，制成3.3mm小颗粒，冷却后制成成品。本发明提供的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料不仅能满足犊牛羔羊的营养需求，提高饲料的消化利用率，而且可以提高适口性，促进幼龄反刍动物瘤胃发育。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法。
背景技术
犊牛、羔羊是奶牛养殖、肉羊育肥的基础且重要环节，从断奶到采食颗粒饲料对幼龄反刍动物来说，是很关键的一个适应过程；奶牛成年后能否达到高产、肉羊育肥后能否健康且快速增重，这与幼龄时期的饲喂有着重要的关联。犊牛羔羊阶段，如何适应并逐渐增量采食颗粒饲料，如何通过采食饲料来调控瘤胃发育，并且有效预防腹泻问题的发生，也成为了牧场养殖密切关注的问题。犊牛羔羊虽不能直接给养殖场带来经济效益，但其对养殖场的长远效益来讲，会产生重要影响。而犊牛羔羊饲料产品作为牧场的“敲门砖”、“鸡肋”产品，如果能获得客户的认可，对于产奶饲料、育肥饲料的销售也是有极大的促进作用。
本发明是针对犊牛羔羊阶段如何促进瘤胃发育、促进犊牛羔羊尽早断奶、足量采食颗粒饲料，研制了一款能够改善产品适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料。本专利的生物颗粒饲料结合能量、蛋白的多形式供应、犊牛羔羊瘤胃功能调控、有机微量元素的应用、配方及生产工艺的综合因素调节，改善产品适口性，促进犊牛羔羊采食，提高免疫力，尽早断奶。
发明内容
本发明是要提供一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，主要解决犊牛羔羊颗粒料采食效果差、断奶晚、增重慢等问题。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
依据本发明提出的一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征在于该饲料按重量百分比包含以下组分：
玉米与膨化玉米35-40份（两者按照1:1比例添加）、大豆粕15-20份、大豆皮5-10份、小麦粉4-6份、小麦麸4-6份、玉米DDGS 4-6份、米糠粕4-6份、乳清粉3-5份、甘蔗糖蜜2-3份、玉米蛋白粉1-2份、石粉1.8-2.5份、氯化钠0.6-0.8份、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐0.3-0.5份、复合维生素微量元素预混剂0.4份、发酵饲料3-5份；其中，玉米、大豆粕、米糠粕利用粉碎机进行2.0mm粉碎，再将上述各组分原料进行混合搅拌均匀，进行制粒，制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68-75℃，制成3.3mm小颗粒，冷却后制成成品。
所述的各组分的质量百分比分别为：玉米与膨化玉米35-40份（两者按照1:1比例添加）、大豆粕15-20份、大豆皮5-10份、小麦粉4-6份、小麦麸4-6份、玉米DDGS 4-6份、米糠粕4-6份、乳清粉3-5份、甘蔗糖蜜2-3份、玉米蛋白粉1-2份、石粉1.8-2.5份、氯化钠0.6-0.8份、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐0.3-0.5份、复合维生素微量元素预混剂0.4份、发酵饲料3-5份。
所述的玉米和膨化玉米按照1:1比例添加，提高淀粉利用率的同时，改善适口性。
所述的复合维生素微量元素预混剂中，维生素A、E经过包被处理；微量元素为有机微量元素，提高了维生素和微量元素利用率的同时，改善了饲料的适口性。其中，每千克饲料中所述复合维生素包含：维生素A 8000- 10000 IU/kg，维生素D3 4000-5000 IU/kg，维生素E 50-70 mg/kg，泛酸10-20 mg/kg， 烟酸40-60 mg/kg；每千克饲料中所述复合微量元素包含：铜10-15 mg/kg、铁120-150 mg/kg、锰20-50 mg/kg、锌40-80 mg/kg、硒0.3-0.5mg/kg、碘0.4-2.0 mg/kg。
所述的发酵饲料为益生菌及其发酵产物，其中，益生菌的组成为：枯草芽孢杆菌50亿cfu/g、地衣芽孢杆菌30亿cfu/g、酿酒酵母20亿cfu/g。
所述的制备方法，其制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68-75℃。
具体实施方式：
玉米18份、膨化玉米18份、大豆粕17.6份、大豆皮8份、小麦粉6份、小麦麸5份、玉米DDGS5份、米糠粕5份、乳清粉5份，甘蔗糖蜜2份、玉米蛋白粉2份、石粉2份、氯化钠0.7份、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐0.3份、复合维生素微量元素预混剂0.4份、发酵饲料5份；其中，玉米、大豆粕、米糠粕利用粉碎机进行2.0mm粉碎，再将上述各组分原料进行混合搅拌均匀，进行制粒，制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68-75℃，制成3.3mm小颗粒，冷却后制成成品。
本发明饲料适用于犊牛、羔羊阶段饲喂使用。
本发明的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料在黑龙江省绥化市明水县地区进行犊牛对比饲喂试验；试验组和对照组每组各选58头体重52±3.7 kg、未断奶犊牛，区别在于精料补充料，试验组饲喂的是本发明的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料，对照组饲喂的是市场购买的犊牛精料补充料，试验期40天；结果表明：（1）同一时间，饲喂相同数量的精料补充料，2小时后料槽的颗粒料剩料量，试验组显著低于对照组；（2）试验组犊牛的平均日增重为0.903 kg/头/天，对照组犊牛的平均日增重为0.825 kg/只/天，试验组犊牛平均日增重比对照组犊牛高0.078 kg/头/天。（3）试验组和对照组犊牛在试验期均无死亡，从腹泻率指标来看，试验组犊牛的腹泻率为3.44%，对照组犊牛的腹泻率为8.62%，试验组犊牛的腹泻率较对照组低5.18%。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有的优点是可改善饲料适口性、促进犊牛羔羊采食，促进断奶，提高免疫力，降低腹泻率，提高后期奶牛肉牛及肉羊养殖的经济效益。
Claims (6)
1.一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征在于：该饲料是由以下重量百分比的组分组成：
玉米与膨化玉米35-40份（两者按照1:1比例添加）、大豆粕15-20份、大豆皮5-10份、小麦粉4-6份、小麦麸4-6份、玉米DDGS 4-6份、米糠粕4-6份、乳清粉3-5份，甘蔗糖蜜2-3份、玉米蛋白粉1-2份、石粉1.8-2.5份、氯化钠0.6-0.8份、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐0.3-0.5份、复合维生素微量元素预混剂0.4份、发酵饲料3-5份；其中，玉米、大豆粕、米糠粕利用粉碎机进行2.0mm粉碎，再将上述各组分原料进行混合搅拌均匀，进行制粒，制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68-75℃，制成3.3mm小颗粒，冷却后制成成品。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征在于：该饲料是由以下重量百分比的组分组成：
玉米与膨化玉米35-40份（两者按照1:1比例添加）、大豆粕15-20份、大豆皮5-10份、小麦粉4-6份、小麦麸4-6份、玉米DDGS 4-6份、米糠粕4-6份、甘蔗糖蜜2-3份、玉米蛋白粉1-2份、石粉1.8-2.5份、氯化钠0.6-0.8份、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐0.3-0.5份、复合维生素微量元素预混剂0.4份、发酵饲料3-5份；其中，玉米、大豆粕、米糠粕利用粉碎机进行2.0mm粉碎，再将上述各组分原料进行混合搅拌均匀，进行制粒，制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68-75℃，制成3.3mm小颗粒，冷却后制成成品。
3.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征是所述的玉米和膨化玉米按照1:1比例添加，提高淀粉利用率的同时，改善适口性。
4.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征是所述的复合维生素微量元素预混剂中，维生素A、E经过包被处理；微量元素为有机微量元素，提高了维生素和微量元素利用率的同时，改善了饲料的适口性，其中，每千克饲料中所述复合维生素包含：维生素A 8000- 10000 IU/kg，维生素D3 4000-5000 IU/kg，维生素E 50-70 mg/kg，泛酸10-20 mg/kg，烟酸40-60 mg/kg；每千克饲料中所述复合微量元素包含：铜10-15 mg/kg、铁120-150 mg/kg、锰20-50 mg/kg、锌40-80 mg/kg、硒0.3-0.5mg/kg、碘0.4-2.0 mg/kg。
5.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征是发酵饲料为益生菌及其发酵产物，其中，益生菌的组成为：枯草芽孢杆菌50亿cfu/g、地衣芽孢杆菌30亿cfu/g、酿酒酵母20亿cfu/g。
6.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种改善适口性的犊牛羔羊生物颗粒饲料及其制备方法，其特征是制粒参数为：环模压缩比1:10.5，调质时间2分钟，调质温度68-75℃，结合配方因素，调整颗粒料硬度、降低含粉率，促进犊牛羔羊采食。
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