CN112075311A - Planting method for corn intercropping peanuts - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and discloses a planting method of corn intercropping peanuts, which adopts a mode of staggered intercropping peanuts for cluster-sowed corns, and adopts a mode of large-ridge double-row or single-row planting of corns, 1-3 ridges of peanuts are intercropped for 1 large ridge of corns, and each hole of the corns is 2-4. Through reasonable configuration, the inter-species interaction effect of crops is fully utilized, the utilization efficiency of resources such as light, temperature, water and the like is improved, and the utilization rate of a compound population to the land is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a planting method of corn intercropping peanuts.
Background
The planting mode of single crops has low utilization efficiency and water utilization efficiency on soil, is not beneficial to nitrogen fixation of crop organisms, and the soil loses planting capacity after being used for several years, so that great contradiction is generated between the demand of people on grain crops and the planting capacity provided by the soil. And the intercropping mode can well solve the contradiction and effectively improve the planting efficiency. Intercropping is an effective measure for increasing both production and income and improving the benefit per unit area in the planting industry. In the corn cultivation, reasonable intercropping with the short-stalk peanuts and three-dimensional planting are adopted, and the advantages of time, space, soil fertility, light energy and side-row can be fully exerted. The peanuts have nitrogen fixation capacity, but the phenomenon of nitrogen repression is obvious along with the increase of the usage amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and the mode of intercropping the peanuts can effectively relieve the occurrence of nitrogen repression, fully utilize resources, improve the utilization efficiency of soil and improve the capacity of repeated planting of land. The planting mode can obviously improve the economic benefit of planting. However, not any corn and peanut intercropping mode can increase both production and income, obtain proper benefits, and even cause reduction of income in some cases. For example, CN102687632 discloses a planting method of wheat relay intercropping peanut and corn, wherein peanut and corn are in an intercropping mode, specifically 4 rows of peanut and 2 rows of corn are intercropped. According to the disclosed data, compared with the method for simply planting a crop, the yield of the corn is reduced by 17% and the yield of the peanut is reduced by 62.9% after the intercropping mode is adopted; the total yield is only improved by 14.3 percent by taking corn as a reference; the total yield is reduced by 0.85% based on the peanut. Therefore, the corn and the peanuts are reasonably arranged for intercropping, the total productivity of unit area is improved, the total intercropping yield of the corn and the peanuts is improved, and a reasonable planting method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method for intercropping staggered peanuts in cluster-sowed corns, which improves the land utilization efficiency and the water utilization efficiency and increases the yield of the corns and the peanuts.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a planting method of corn intercropping peanuts, which comprises the following steps of large-ridge double-row or single-row planting of corn, intercropping 1-3 ridges of peanuts in 1 large ridge, bunch planting of 3-4 plants in each hole of corn, and staggered planting of corn in each ridge.
As an implementation mode, the row spacing of the bunch planting corn is 70-90cm, and the row spacing is 40-60 cm.
As an implementation mode, the row spacing of the peanuts is 10-12cm, and the row spacing is 40-60 cm.
As an implementable mode, the corn and the peanut are sown simultaneously, and herbicide is applied during or after sowing, wherein the herbicide is applied every 667m2150ml-250ml of 50% acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate is uniformly sprayed on the soil surface by 40kg-50kg of water.
As an implementable mode, the base fertilizer is applied every 667m when the corn is sown230kg-35kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 5kg-10kg of potassium sulfate in the potassium-deficient land, and 1kg-1.5kg of zinc sulfate in the zinc-deficient land.
As an implementable mode, when the peanuts are sown, every 667m220kg to 30kg of special compound fertilizer for peanuts is applied, or 15kg to 20kg of diammonium phosphate and 8kg to 12kg of potassium sulfate.
As a practical example, the corn jointing stage is every 667m26kg-8kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; in the period of emasculation, every 667m23kg-4kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; each 667m of the grouting period23kg-4kg of pure nitrogen and 0.5kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied.
As a practical example, the peanut flowering and pod bearing periods are each 667m27kg-9kg of urea and 3kg-5kg of potassium sulfate are applied.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a planting method of cluster-sowed corn staggered intercropping peanuts, which is characterized in that two crops of corn and peanuts are planted on the same land in a staggered cluster-sowed mode, through reasonable configuration, resources such as light, temperature and water can be fully utilized, the equivalent ratio of water utilization efficiency reaches 1.23, and the utilization efficiency of soil water is greatly improved; the land equivalence ratio reaches 1.24, and the utilization rate of the composite colony to land is improved.
The invention adopts the staggered cluster sowing technology, 2-4 plants are planted in each hole of the corn, and the corn is planted in a staggered manner between each ridge. The clumped plant leaves tend to be upright and can play a role in mutual protection against hot sunlight and wind. The corn is planted in large ridges and double rows or single rows, 1-3 ridges of peanuts are intercropped in 1 large ridge of corn, photo-thermal water resources of farmlands are more reasonably utilized by reasonably configuring a staggered planting mode of the corn and the peanuts, the crop planting density is increased, the crop competition effect is utilized to improve the harvest index of the corn yield, and further the corn yield is improved. Compared with the mode of single cropping corn and peanut and the mode of intercropping peanut with the plant spacing of corn and the like, the corn and peanut intercropping mode has the advantage that the yield of corn and peanut is improved.
In recent years, along with the reduction of the cultivated land area in China, the mode of the invention can effectively improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of crop groups, improve the soil quality, improve the water utilization efficiency, effectively promote the development of water-saving agriculture, increase the agricultural production and increase the income of farmers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows that the bunch-sowed corn is intercropped in staggered mode for 1 ridge of peanuts: 1 ridge of planting schematic diagram;
FIG. 2 shows that the bunch-sowed corn is intercropped in staggered mode for 1 ridge of peanuts: 2, planting schematic diagrams of ridges;
FIG. 3 shows that the bunch-sowed corn is intercropped in staggered mode for 1 ridge of peanuts: 3, planting schematic diagrams of ridges;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of staggered planting of cluster-sowed corn staggered intercropping peanuts.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a planting method of cluster-sowed corn staggered intercropping peanuts, which greatly improves the utilization efficiency of soil moisture and the utilization ratio of a compound population to the land.
The corn of the invention is planted in large ridges and double rows or single row, and 2-4 plants, preferably 3 plants are planted in each hole of the corn. The corns in each ridge are planted in parallel, the corns between two adjacent ridges are planted in a staggered mode, after the corns grow into plants, the leaves of the clustered corn plants tend to be vertical, and the effect of mutual protection of scorching sunlight and wind can be achieved. The row spacing and the plant spacing for planting the corn are reasonably set by the technicians in the field according to the characteristics of the planting field. As a practical way, the distance between the corn plants is 60cm-90cm, preferably 65cm-75 cm; the row spacing of the corn is 40cm-60cm, and more preferably 45cm-55 cm. The corn staggered cluster sowing technology can more reasonably utilize the photo-thermal water resource of the farmland, increase the crop planting density, and improve the harvest index of the corn yield by utilizing the competition among crops, thereby improving the corn yield.
The peanuts are planted on the empty ridges of the corns, the same large-ridge double-row planting mode is adopted, and a mode of intercropping 1-3 ridges of peanuts in 1 ridge of corns is adopted. The peanuts and the corns are intercropped, so that the peanuts and the corns are more favorable for the utilization of light, water and nutrients. The peanut is planted by adopting a conventional mode. As a practical way, the row spacing of the peanuts is set to be 10cm-12cm, and the row spacing is set to be 40cm-60cm, preferably 45cm-55 cm. Compared with the mode of single cropping corn and peanut and the mode of intercropping peanut with the plant spacing of corn and the like, the corn and peanut intercropping mode has the advantage that the yield of corn and peanut is improved.
The invention has no special limitation on the varieties of the corns and the peanuts, and the existing known varieties can be used in the invention. The technicians in the field can select local conventional varieties according to different regions, wherein the corn is preferably high-yield, disease-resistant and lodging-resistant varieties, and the peanut is more preferably selected to be a yin-resistant variety. The planting time of corn and peanuts follows local climate and planting habits. For example, when the spring corn is sown when the soil layer temperature of 10cm is stabilized at more than 10 ℃, the sowing is usually carried out from south to north, from the middle of 2 months to the last of 5 months. The spring flower roots are planted from the middle and the last ten days of 4 months to the last 5 months according to the climatic characteristics.
Soil preparation is carried out before sowing, and the skilled person carries out the soil preparation according to a conventional agricultural planting mode. As an implementation mode, the soil is prepared in autumn, and soil is compacted and preserved after deep rotary tillage, so that preparation is made for spring sowing. As a preferred embodiment, the rotary tillage depth needs to reach 25cm-30cm, which is beneficial to preserving soil moisture. And (4) leveling the land after compacting, wherein the soil is solid at the top and deficient at the bottom, and the soil is finely crushed. Preferably, no soil blocks with the grain diameter larger than 12mm exist in the soil after rotary tillage.
The herbicide is applied when the corns and the peanuts are sowed, field weeds are prevented and controlled, and the weeding pressure in the growing period is reduced. The spray application may be carried out with corn and peanut general herbicide species, such as acetochlor. The skilled in the art can purchase the herbicide types, effective concentrations and preparation types of any manufacturers on the market according to requirements, use the herbicide according to product specifications, and singly apply or mix the herbicide according to the control effect. E.g. every 667m2150ml-250ml of 50% acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate and 40kg-50kg of water are uniformly sprayed on the soil surface.
Sufficient base fertilizer needs to be applied to the corn-sowed land, and a proper fertilizing scheme is determined according to the soil fertility condition. As a practical way, the base fertilizer can be used for applying a ternary compound fertilizer, namely a compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, a potassium fertilizer such as potassium sulfate is applied to a potassium-deficient land, and a zinc fertilizer such as zinc sulfate is applied to a zinc-deficient land. As a fertilizing scheme, each 667m230kg-35kg of ternary compound fertilizer is applied, wherein the effective content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the ternary compound fertilizer is N, P2O5And K2The total content of O is 15 percent. Each 667m2Potassium sulfate (effective content K)2O is more than or equal to 50 percent) 5kg-10 kg. Each 667m21kg-1.5kg of zinc sulfate (the effective content of Zn is more than or equal to 21 percent) is added.
The fertilizer applied during peanut sowing can be a known commercially available special fertilizer for peanuts or a phosphorus-potassium fertilizer. As a practical way, every 667m220kg to 30kg of special compound fertilizer for peanuts is applied, or 15kg to 20kg of diammonium phosphate and 8kg to 12kg of potassium sulfate.
The management in the growing period can be carried out in a conventional management mode. As a practical way, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is applied in the growth period of the corn respectively in the jointing stage, the emasculation stage and the grouting stage. Specifically, each 667m in the jointing stage of corn26kg-8kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; in the period of emasculation, every 667m23kg-4kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; each 667m of the grouting period2Application of pure nitrogen3kg-4kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5 kg. In combination with irrigation, the peanuts are respectively in the initial flowering period and the pod bearing period of 667m27kg-9kg of urea and 3kg-5kg of potassium sulfate are applied. The field management and the pest control are carried out according to the local production technical standard; the corn and peanut growth period is carried out by combining intertillage, weeding and ridging.
The planting method greatly improves the utilization efficiency of soil moisture. Two crops are planted on the same land in a staggered cluster mode, resources such as light, temperature, water and the like are fully utilized through reasonable configuration, and the utilization rate of a compound group to the land is improved.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Land preparation: the autumn soil preparation mode is adopted, and a high-power deep rotary cultivator is selected to be matched with a tractor with the power of more than or equal to 60KW to carry out deep rotary tillage soil preparation operation. The rotary tillage depth reaches 30cm, and after rotary tillage, the soil is immediately compressed to preserve soil moisture, so that the soil is level, the soil is solid at the top and is deficient at the bottom, the soil is finely crushed, and no soil blocks with the particle size larger than 12mm exist, so that the preparation is made for spring sowing.
(2) Corn cultivation: corn is planted by adopting a seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying integrated machine. The corn is intercropped and planted in strips, two rows of corns are planted in each ridge, and the ridge width is 1 m. The corns in each ridge are planted in parallel, and the corns between two adjacent ridges are planted in a staggered mode, so that the planting method is more beneficial to the utilization of light, water and nutrients. 3 plants are planted in each hole of the corn, and the plant spacing is 67 cm. Each 667m of the seeds are sown2200ml of 50 percent acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate is mixed with 40kg of water and evenly sprayed on the surface of the soil. Applying base fertilizer every 667m235kg of ternary compound fertilizer (the effective content is N-P)2O5-K215% -15% -15% of O, potassium sulfate (effective content K)2O≥50％)5kg。
(3) Peanut cultivation: sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month 5, and sowing by using the sowing, fertilizing and pesticide applying integrated machine. The peanuts are planted in large empty ridges after the corns are sowed, 1 ridge of peanuts is intercropped in 1 ridge of corns, two rows of peanuts are planted in each ridge, and the planting row spacing of the peanuts is 10 cm. Combined with sowing, every 667m220kg of diammonium phosphate and 8kg of potassium sulfate are added.
(4) Field management: fertilizing in the growing period according to the maize jointing period of each 667m28kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; in the period of emasculation, every 667m2Applying 3kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate; each 667m of the grouting period24kg of pure nitrogen and 0.5kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied. Combined with irrigation, the peanut flowering period and the pod bearing period are respectively 667m27kg of urea and 3kg of potassium sulfate are applied. The field management and the pest control are carried out according to the local production technical standard; the corn and peanut growth period is carried out by combining intertillage, weeding and ridging.
(4) Harvesting: and harvesting the peanuts by using a two-stage harvester at the final growth stage, and airing and storing the harvested peanuts. The corn bracts turn yellow, and the seeds become hard, thus the corn can be harvested. The combine harvester can be adopted to finish harvesting, straw crushing and straw returning at one time. And (7) airing and storing.
Example 2
(1) Land preparation: the autumn soil preparation mode is adopted, and a high-power deep rotary cultivator is selected to be matched with a tractor with the power of more than or equal to 60KW to carry out deep rotary tillage soil preparation operation. The rotary tillage depth reaches 30cm, and after rotary tillage, the soil is immediately compressed to preserve soil moisture, so that the soil is level, the soil is solid at the top and is deficient at the bottom, the soil is finely crushed, and no soil blocks with the particle size larger than 12mm exist, so that the preparation is made for spring sowing.
(2) Corn cultivation: corn is planted by adopting a seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying integrated machine. The corn is intercropped and planted in strips, two rows of corn are planted in each ridge, and the ridge width is 0.8 m. The corns in each ridge are planted in parallel, and the corns between two adjacent ridges are planted in a staggered mode, so that the planting method is more beneficial to the utilization of light, water and nutrients. 2 plants are planted in each hole of the corn, and the plant spacing is 72 cm. Each 667m of the seeds are sown2Uniformly spraying 180ml of ethazafit (atrazine and acetochlor mixture) mixed with 45kg of water on the soil surface. Applying base fertilizer every 667m230kg of ternary compound fertilizer (the effective content is N-P)2O5-K215% -15% -15% of O, and 1kg of zinc sulfate (the effective content of Zn is more than or equal to 21%).
(3) Peanut cultivation: month 5And (5) sowing in middle and last ten days, and sowing by using the sowing, fertilizing and pesticide applying integrated machine. The peanuts are planted in large empty ridges after the corns are sowed, 2 ridges of peanuts are intercropped in 1 ridge of corns, two rows of peanuts are planted in each ridge, and the planting row spacing of the peanuts is 11 cm. Combined with sowing, every 667m215kg of diammonium phosphate and 12kg of potassium sulfate are added.
(4) Field management: fertilizing in the growing period according to the maize jointing period of each 667m2Applying 7kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate; in the period of emasculation, every 667m2Applying 3kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate; each 667m of the grouting period24kg of pure nitrogen and 0.5kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied. Combined with irrigation, the peanut flowering period and the pod bearing period are respectively 667m28kg of urea and 4kg of potassium sulfate are applied. The field management and the pest control are carried out according to the local production technical standard; the corn and peanut growth period is carried out by combining intertillage, weeding and ridging.
(4) Harvesting: and harvesting the peanuts by using a two-stage harvester at the final growth stage, and airing and storing the harvested peanuts. The corn bracts turn yellow, and the seeds become hard, thus the corn can be harvested. The combine harvester can be adopted to finish harvesting, straw crushing and straw returning at one time. And (7) airing and storing.
Example 3
(1) Land preparation: the autumn soil preparation mode is adopted, and a high-power deep rotary cultivator is selected to be matched with a tractor with the power of more than or equal to 60KW to carry out deep rotary tillage soil preparation operation. The rotary tillage depth reaches 25cm, and after rotary tillage, the soil is immediately compressed to preserve soil moisture, so that the soil is level, the soil is solid at the top and is deficient at the bottom, the soil is finely crushed, and no soil blocks with the particle size larger than 12mm exist, so that the preparation is made for spring sowing.
(2) Corn cultivation: corn is planted by adopting a seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying integrated machine. The corn is intercropped and planted in strips, two rows of corn are planted in each ridge, and the ridge width is 1.2 m. The corns in each ridge are planted in parallel, and the corns between two adjacent ridges are planted in a staggered mode, so that the planting method is more beneficial to the utilization of light, water and nutrients. 4 plants are planted in each hole of the corn, and the plant distance is 80 cm. Each 667m of the seeds are sown2200ml of 40 percent atrazine suspending agent and 200ml of 43 percent inhaul emulsifiable concentrate are mixed with 50kg of water and evenly sprayed on the surface of the soil. Applying base fertilizer every 667m230kg of ternary compound fertilizer (the effective content is N-P)2O5-K2O＝15％-15％-15％)。
(3) Peanut cultivation: and (5) sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month, and sowing by using the sowing, fertilizing and pesticide applying integrated machine. The peanuts are planted in large empty ridges after the corns are sowed, 3 ridges of peanuts are intercropped in 1 ridge of corns, two rows of peanuts are planted in each ridge, and the planting row spacing of the peanuts is 12 cm. Combined with sowing, every 667m230kg of special compound fertilizer for peanuts is applied.
(4) Field management: fertilizing in the growing period according to the maize jointing period of each 667m26kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; in the period of emasculation, every 667m24kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; each 667m of the grouting period24kg of pure nitrogen and 0.5kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied. Combined with irrigation, the peanut flowering period and the pod bearing period are respectively 667m29kg of urea and 5kg of potassium sulfate are applied. The field management and the pest control are carried out according to the local production technical standard; the corn and peanut growth period is carried out by combining intertillage, weeding and ridging.
(4) Harvesting: and harvesting the peanuts by using a two-stage harvester at the final growth stage, and airing and storing the harvested peanuts. The corn bracts turn yellow, and the seeds become hard, thus the corn can be harvested. The combine harvester can be adopted to finish harvesting, straw crushing and straw returning at one time. And (7) airing and storing.
Example 4
Comparison of test effects of intercropping peanuts by staggered cluster sowing of corn
1 general description of test field and test method
The test is carried out in Fuxin Dry farming agricultural test base of agricultural academy of sciences in Liaoning province, and the soil type is meadow soil. The corn variety is Liaodan 588, and the peanut variety is white sand 1016.
The test is carried out by 7 treatments, namely corn single cropping (equal plant spacing), peanut single cropping, staggered corn bunch planting (3 plants per hole), staggered corn single cropping peanut (1 ridge: 1 ridge, 1 plant per hole), staggered corn single cropping peanut (1 ridge: 3 ridges, 1 plant per hole), staggered corn bunch planting peanut (1 ridge: 1 ridge, 3 plants per hole) and staggered corn bunch planting peanut (1 ridge: 3 ridges, 3 plants per hole).
Each treatment was repeated 3 times with a cell area of 160m2. Large-ridge double-row planting, 1m of ridge width, 67cm of planting distance and the same treatment in the conventional farming operation. Respectively in sowingSoil moisture is measured in the first, harvesting and corn key growth periods, corn growth and development related indexes are measured in the corn key growth period, and yield is measured and seeds are tested after harvesting.
2 test results and analysis
2.1 study of land resource utilization efficiency in different intercropping modes
By adopting the corn cluster seeding technology, the photo-thermal water resource of the farmland can be more reasonably utilized, the crop planting density is increased, the harvest index of the corn yield is improved by utilizing the competition among crops, and further the corn yield is improved. As shown in Table 1, the yield of corn planted by staggered bunch planting is increased by 230.19 kg/mu (3452.85 kg/hm)2) And the yield is increased by 36.26%. The corn adopts the equal-spacing planting and intercropping peanuts, the land utilization equivalence ratio is less than 1, which indicates that the utilization efficiency of land resources is not high under the condition that the intercropping width of the corn and the peanuts is small, but the corn adopts the cluster sowing planting and intercropping peanuts, the land equivalence ratio is more than 1 under the condition that the intercropping ratio of the corn to the peanuts is 1 ridge: 1 ridge and 1 ridge: 3 ridge, which indicates that the land utilization efficiency can be improved relative to single cropping, wherein the land equivalence ratio of the corn cluster sowing and intercropping peanuts (1 ridge: 3 ridges) is the highest and reaches 1.24.
TABLE 1 peanut and corn yield and land equivalence ratio for different planting modes
Wherein, the 1 row of the peanut edge refers to the yield of the peanut ridge adjacent to the corn ridge, the 2 rows of the peanut edge refers to the yield of the peanut in the middle ridge of the 3 ridges of peanuts, and the same applies below.
2.2 study of Water utilization efficiency in different intercropping modes
The equivalent ratio of the water utilization efficiency of the peanuts planted and intercropped at equal intervals is smaller than 1, which indicates that the water utilization efficiency is not high under the condition that the width of the intercropped corn and the peanuts is small, but the equivalent ratio of the water utilization efficiency of the peanuts planted and intercropped in cluster sowing is larger than 1, which indicates that the water utilization efficiency can be improved compared with that of the single cropping, wherein the equivalent ratio of the water utilization efficiency of the peanuts planted and intercropped in cluster sowing (1 ridge: 3 ridges) is the highest and is 1.23 (Table 2).
TABLE 2 Equivalence ratio of water consumption and water utilization efficiency of peanut and corn in different planting modes
2.3 nodules
Through experimental research, under the condition that the intercropping width of corn and peanuts is small (1 ridge: 1 ridge or 1 ridge: 3 ridge), the land utilization efficiency is reduced by adopting uniform planting, the land equivalence ratio or the water utilization efficiency equivalence ratio is smaller than 1, and the land utilization efficiency and the water utilization efficiency can be improved by adopting staggered cluster seeding planting. The optimal proportion of the corn cluster-sowing intercropping peanuts is 1 (ridge) to 3 (ridge), and the planting mode has the water utilization efficiency equivalent ratio of 1.23 which is obviously higher than that of other intercropping modes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A corn intercropping peanut planting method is characterized in that large-ridge double-row or single-row corn is planted, 1-3 ridges of peanuts are intercropped in 1 large ridge of corn, the corn is sowed in a cluster mode for 2-4 plants in each hole, and the corn is planted in a staggered mode in each ridge.
2. The growing method according to claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the bush-sowed maize is 70-90cm and the row spacing is 40-60 cm.
3. The planting method of claim 1, wherein the peanut has a row spacing of 10-12cm and a row spacing of 40-60 cm.
4. The growing method of claim 1, wherein the corn and the peanut are sown simultaneously, and wherein the sowing is carried out simultaneouslyApplying herbicide every 667m during or after sowing2150ml-250ml of 50% acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate, 150ml-200ml of acetochlor mixture or 85ml-95ml of 90% halobios water are uniformly sprayed on the soil surface by 40kg-50kg of water.
5. The planting method of claim 1, wherein the corn is sown with a base fertilizer applied every 667m230kg-35kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 5kg-10kg of potassium sulfate in the potassium-deficient land, and 1kg-1.5kg of zinc sulfate in the zinc-deficient land.
6. The planting method of claim 1, wherein peanuts are sown every 667m220kg to 30kg of special compound fertilizer for peanuts is applied, or 15kg to 20kg of diammonium phosphate and 8kg to 12kg of potassium sulfate.
7. The growing method of claim 1, wherein the corn jointing stage is every 667m26kg-8kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; in the period of emasculation, every 667m23kg-4kg of pure nitrogen and 1kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied; each 667m of the grouting period23kg-4kg of pure nitrogen and 0.5kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied.
8. The planting method of claim 1, wherein the peanut flowering and pod bearing periods are each 667m27kg-9kg of urea and 3kg-5kg of potassium sulfate are applied.
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| CN113785759A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-14 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Intelligent irrigation system and method for intercropping planting of crops and storable medium |
| CN114391408A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | Planting mode for interplanting radix bupleuri under honeysuckle forest |
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| CN105519342A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-27 | 田雨信 | Twin-row corn triangle planting method |
| CN106134747A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Corn and soybean narrow strips intercropping plant method |
| CN108260393A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-10 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method for making to improve sloping upland red soil corrosion stability between corn soybean |
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| CN105393749A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Corn and peanut complex three-dimensional ecological intercropping planting method |
| CN105519342A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-27 | 田雨信 | Twin-row corn triangle planting method |
| CN106134747A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Corn and soybean narrow strips intercropping plant method |
| CN108260393A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-10 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method for making to improve sloping upland red soil corrosion stability between corn soybean |
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| CN113785759A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-14 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Intelligent irrigation system and method for intercropping planting of crops and storable medium |
| CN114391408A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | Planting mode for interplanting radix bupleuri under honeysuckle forest |
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