CN111890910A - 混合动力模块和混合动力车辆 - Google Patents
混合动力模块和混合动力车辆 Download PDFInfo
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种混合动力模块和混合动力车辆。所述混合动力模块包括:与内燃机连接的输入轴;向驱动桥传递扭矩的输出轴;第一电机及其第一旋转轴;第二电机及其第二旋转轴;第一齿轮副和第二齿轮副;以及第一扭矩传递装置和第二扭矩传递装置。在此,第一齿轮副包括齿圈和抗旋转地设置在第一旋转轴上的第一齿轮,第二齿轮副包括套设在第一旋转轴上的第二齿轮和抗旋转地设置在输出轴上的第三齿轮,第一扭矩传递装置可以选择性地将齿圈与输入轴抗旋转连接;第二扭矩传递装置可以选择性地将第二齿轮与第一旋转轴抗旋转连接;第二旋转轴与输出轴直接连接或借助另外的齿轮副连接。所述混合动力车辆包括上述混合动力模块。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉车辆技术领域。本发明尤其涉及一种混合动力模块。本发明还涉及一种包括上述混合动力模块的混合动力车辆。
背景技术
在当前的混合动力车辆中,可以通过设置有两个电机、即牵引电机和集成式起动发电机的混合动力模块配合内燃机实现混合动力车辆的多种工作模式。在这种情况下,混合动力车辆的内燃机通过分离离合器连接到混合动力模块中。分离离合器在此根据内燃机的情况接合或断开。例如在公路行驶中,因车速较高,内燃机效率较高,此时接合分离离合器,由内燃机的动力驱动车辆,而牵引电机仅作为发电机运行;而在城市行驶中,因车速较低,内燃机效率非常低,此时断开分离离合器,仅靠牵引电机输出扭矩。
然而在一些方案中,集成式起动发电机仅在起动内燃机时用作电动机,在其它工作模式中仅可用作发电机,无法输出扭矩支持车辆行驶。同时,牵引电机和内燃机均只配备单一的挡位,因此不足以优化牵引电机或内燃机的工作点。这类混合动力车辆无法实现理想的低速性能、尤其爬坡性能,也由于牵引电机的输出扭矩有限,因此通常需要附加的后轮驱动,因此***总成本很高。
在另一些方案中,在混合动力变速器中常设置有行星齿轮机构。例如在中国专利申请文件CN 1336879 A中公开了一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器,其中,在该混合动力变速器中设置有行星齿轮机构,并且内燃机和两个电机通过该混合动力变速器驱动车辆。这类混合动力车辆具有很好的城市行驶经济性,但不适用于高速公路行驶,其原因在于无法直接借助内燃机驱动车辆行驶,电机总是工作在发电模式或牵引模式以调整内燃机工作点,并且这类混合动力车辆在ECVT模式下的动态性能也不理想。
发明内容
因此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服上述技术问题,提供一种用于车辆、尤其混合动力车辆的混合动力模块,其实现混合动力车辆的多种工作模式,并且使得内燃机和电机能够在高效范围内工作。
该技术问题通过一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力模块解决,该混合动力模块包括:用于与混合动力车辆的内燃机连接的输入轴;用于向混合动力车辆的驱动桥传递扭矩的输出轴;第一电机以及与其连接的第一旋转轴;第二电机以及与其连接的第二旋转轴;第一齿轮副和第二齿轮副;以及第一扭矩传递装置和第二扭矩传递装置。在此,第一齿轮副包括相互啮合的齿圈和第一齿轮,第二齿轮副包括相互啮合的第二齿轮和第三齿轮,其中,第一齿轮抗旋转地设置在第一旋转轴上,第二齿轮套设在第一旋转轴上,第三齿轮抗旋转地设置在输出轴上,第一扭矩传递装置可以选择性地将齿圈与输入轴抗旋转地连接;第二扭矩传递装置可以选择性地将第二齿轮与第一旋转轴抗旋转地连接;第二旋转轴与输出轴直接连接或借助另外的齿轮副连接。
在此,术语“输入”和“输出”参考在内燃机以及两个电机在直接驱动车辆的情况下在混合动力模块中的扭矩传递方向。“输入”和“输出”的命名在本说明书的范围内不限定在混合动力模块的其他工作模式中的扭矩传递方向。
优选地,第一电机尤其可以构造为集成式起动发电机。第一旋转轴可以是第一电机的输出轴,也可以是与第一电机的输出轴相互抗旋转连接的轴件。
优选地,第二电机尤其可以构造为牵引电机。第二旋转轴可以是第二电机的输出轴,也可以是与第二电机的输出轴相互抗旋转连接的轴件。
根据一种优选的实施方式,第一旋转轴和第二旋转轴平行布置。在这种情况下,第一电机和第二电机平行地或者说沿径向偏离地布置。由此可以减少混合动力模块的轴向尺寸。
根据一种有利的实施方式,第一扭矩传递装置构造为离合器。第一扭矩传递装置尤其构造为摩擦离合器。第一扭矩传递装置在此可以用作分离离合器,混合动力车辆的内燃机在第一扭矩传递装置的接合时连接到混合动力模块中,并且在第一扭矩传递装置断开时相对混合动力模块分离。
根据一种有利的实施方式,第二扭矩传递装置构造为同步器。备选地,第二扭矩传递装置构造为牙嵌离合器。当第二扭矩传递装置接合时,第一电机的输出扭矩和/或从内燃机经第一齿轮副传递至第一旋转轴的扭矩可以经由第二齿轮副传递至输出轴。
尤其在第二扭矩传递装置构造为同步器的实施方式中,还可以在混合动力模块中配备第三齿轮副,第三齿轮副包括相互啮合的第四齿轮和第五齿轮,其中,第四齿轮套设在第一旋转轴上,第五齿轮抗旋转地设置在输出轴上,在此同步器可以选择性地将第二齿轮或第四齿轮与第一旋转轴抗旋转连接。由此可以根据同步器的位置状态,通过第二齿轮副或第三齿轮副将第一电机的输出扭矩和/或从内燃机经第一齿轮副传递至第一旋转轴的扭矩传递至输出轴,或者断开第一旋转轴和输出轴之间的扭矩传递。
在此,沿第一旋转轴的轴向在朝向第一电机的方向上依次布置第一齿轮副、第二齿轮副和第三齿轮副。从而可以尽可能地减少混合动力模块的轴向尺寸。
根据一种有利的实施方式,第二旋转轴抗旋转地设置有第六齿轮,第六齿轮与第三齿轮啮合。换言之,在混合动力模块中还配备另外的齿轮副,第二旋转轴通过该齿轮副与输出轴连接。由此,第二电机、尤其牵引电机的输出扭矩可以通过一级变速传递至输出轴。
根据一种有利的实施方式,输出轴抗旋转地设置有输出齿轮。在输出齿轮优选地与混合动力车辆的差速器的从动齿轮啮合,由此构造车辆传动系中的主减速器。
在这种情况下,输出齿轮沿轴向布置在相对第三齿轮远离第一电机的一侧。在此,第一电机和第二电机优选布置在相对混合动力模块的齿轮传动机构的同一轴向侧。
上述技术问题还可以通过一种混合动力车辆解决,该混合动力车辆包括上述混合动力模块解决。
根据上述方案的混合动力模块尤其可用于插电式的混合动力车辆。借助这种混合动力模块,可以根据内燃机、第一电机(集成式起动发电机)、第二电机(牵引电机)的工作情况以及第一扭矩传递装置和第二扭矩传递装置连接状态实现以下功能:
-借助牵引电机的纯电动驱动;
-借助牵引电机和集成式起动发电机的纯电动驱动;
-在车辆停止状态下的内燃机起动;
-在车辆行驶过程中的内燃机起动;
-纯内燃机驱动;
-混合动力驱动;
-回收充电;
-标准充电;
-增程驱动。
在此,在上述混合动力模块中,可以通过调整各个齿轮副的传动比来匹配电机和内燃机以及相应行驶需求。尤其通过设置第二扭矩传递装置,可以在混合动力车辆中的电池的荷电状态处于较高水平时,借助集成式起动发电机来辅助牵引电机实现纯电动驱动,从而降低牵引电机的扭矩输出需求,进而可以采用具有较小尺寸和较低成本的牵引电机。此外,在高速行驶时,可以采用内燃机直接驱动的模式,因此无需损失额外的功率来调整内燃机的工作点,因此,混合动力车辆的***效率和燃油经济性得到优化。另外,在第一齿轮副构造为齿圈-齿轮传动副的情况下,第一齿轮可以啮合在齿圈的径向内侧,由此可以在保证较大传动比的情况下减小混合动力模块中齿轮机构的尺寸。同时,两个电机的平行布置也可以减少混合动力模块的轴向尺寸。由此混合动力模块能够以较小的整体尺寸实现,便于其布置在车辆中。
附图说明
下面结合附图来示意性地阐述本发明的优选实施方式。附图为:
图1是根据一种优选实施方式的混合动力模块的示意图;
图2是根据另一种优选实施方式的混合动力模块的示意图。
在附图中,相同的或功能相同的部件使用相同的附图标记。
具体实施方式
图1是根据一种优选实施方式的混合动力模块的示意图。该混合动力模块用在混合动力车辆的混合动力驱动***中。该混合动力模块包括用于与混合动力车辆的内燃机1连接的输入轴6和用于向混合动力车辆的驱动桥传递扭矩的输出轴11。
混合动力模块还包括两个独立的电机,即用作集成式起动发电机的第一电机2和用作牵引电机的第二电机3。第一电机2通过与其连接的第一旋转轴7接入混合动力模块。第二电机3通过与其连接的第二旋转轴8接入混合动力模块。第一电机2和第二电机3平行布置。在此,第一旋转轴7和第二旋转轴8平行布置。
如图1所示,在本实施方式中,混合动力模块包括三对齿轮副。在此,第一齿轮副包括相互啮合的齿圈16和第一齿轮17,其中,齿圈16集成在中间轴上,第一齿轮17抗旋转地设置在第一旋转轴7上。第二齿轮副包括相互啮合的第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19,其中,第二齿轮20套设在第一旋转轴7上,第三齿轮19抗旋转地设置在输出轴11上。另外一对齿轮副包括相互啮合的第三齿轮19和第六齿轮18,其中,第六齿轮18抗旋转地设置在第二旋转轴8上。
混合动力模块包括构造为摩擦离合器的第一扭矩传递装置9,其可以选择性地将齿圈16与输入轴6抗旋转连接。在第一扭矩传递装置9的朝向内燃机的一侧还可选地设置有扭转减振器15,由此可以将减少了旋转不均性的内燃机输出扭矩引入到混合动力模块中。
混合动力模块还包括构造为同步器的第二扭矩传递装置10,其可以选择性地将第二齿轮20与第一旋转轴7抗旋转连接。由此,第一电机2的输出扭矩和/或从内燃机1经第一齿轮副传递至第一旋转轴7的扭矩可以经由第二齿轮副传递至输出轴11。
在输出轴11上抗旋转地设置有输出齿轮12。在输出齿轮12与混合动力车辆的差速器4的从动齿轮13啮合,从而可以将混合动力模块中的扭矩传递至差速器4中,进而通过差速器半轴14传递至混合动力车辆的驱动轮5。
通过如上所述的混合动力模块,可以根据内燃机1、第一电机2、第二电机3的工作情况以及第一扭矩传递装置9和第二扭矩传递装置10连接状态实现以下工作模式:
1)借助牵引电机的纯电动驱动模式。在此,内燃机1和第一电机2均不工作,离合器9断开,同步器10处于中间位。第二电机3单独地提供驱动车辆的动力。在这种情况下,第二电机3的输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11,由此再传递至驱动桥。
2)借助牵引电机和集成式起动发电机的纯电动驱动模式。在此,内燃机1不工作并且离合器9断开。第一电机2和第二电机3均工作在电动机模式。在此,同步器10接入到左位,即将第一旋转轴6和第二齿轮20抗旋转地连接。在这种情况下,第一电机2的输出扭矩从第一旋转轴7经由第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11,第二电机3的输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11,由此传递到输出轴11的扭矩可以进一步传递至驱动桥。
3)在车辆停止状态下的内燃机起动模式。在此,第二电机3不工作、同步器10处于中间位并且离合器9接合。第一电机2工作在电动机模式,其输出扭矩从第一旋转轴7经由第一齿轮17、齿圈16、接合的离合器9、扭转减振器15和输入轴6传递到内燃机1,从而起动内燃机1。
4)在车辆行驶过程中的内燃机起动模式。在此,同步器10处于中间位并且离合器9接合。第二电机3工作在电动机模式,其输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11,由此传递到输出轴11的扭矩可以进一步传递至驱动桥以驱动车辆行驶。同时,第一电机2工作在电动机模式,其输出扭矩从第一旋转轴7经由第一齿轮17、齿圈16、接合的离合器9、扭转减振器15和输入轴6传递到内燃机1,从而在车辆行驶过程中起动内燃机1。
5)第一混合动力驱动模式,其中,第一电机2工作在发电机模式并且第二电机3不工作。在此,离合器9接合,同步器10接入到左位,即将第一旋转轴6和第二齿轮20抗旋转地连接。内燃机1工作,并且其输出扭矩经由输入轴6、扭转减振器15、接合的离合器9、齿圈16和第一齿轮17传递至第一旋转轴7。传递至第一旋转轴7的扭矩的一部分经过第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19传递至输出轴11,从而进一步传递至驱动桥以驱动车辆行驶。传递至第一旋转轴7的扭矩的另一部分进而传递到第一电机2,借此将内燃机产生的多余的动能转换为电能,储存在电池中,由此充电。
6)第二混合动力驱动模式,其中,第一电机2不工作并且第二电机3工作在电动机模式。在此,离合器9接合,同步器10接入到左位,即将第一旋转轴6和第二齿轮20抗旋转地连接。在这情况下,内燃机1工作,并且其输出扭矩经由输入轴6、扭转减振器15、接合的离合器9、齿圈16和第一齿轮17、第一旋转轴7、第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19传递至输出轴11。第二电机3工作在电动机模式,其输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11。由此传递到输出轴11的扭矩可以进一步传递至驱动桥以驱动车辆行驶。
7)第三混合动力驱动模式,其中,第一电机2和第二电机3均工作在电动机模式。在此,离合器9接合,同步器10接入到左位,即将第一旋转轴6和第二齿轮20抗旋转地连接。在这情况下,内燃机1工作,并且其输出扭矩经由输入轴6、扭转减振器15、接合的离合器9、齿圈16和第一齿轮17、第一旋转轴7、第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19传递至输出轴11。第一电机2的输出扭矩从第一旋转轴7经由第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11,第二电机3的输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11。第二电机3的输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11。由此传递到输出轴11的扭矩可以进一步传递至驱动桥以驱动车辆行驶。
8)回收充电模式。在此,内燃机1和第一电机4均不工作,离合器9断开并且同步器10处于中间位。第二电机3工作在发电机模式,其将从驱动轮5经由差速器4、输出轴11、第三齿轮19、第六齿轮18传递至第二旋转轴8的制动动力转变为电能,并且由此存储在电池中。
9)标准充电模式。在此,内燃机1工作,第一电机2工作在发电机模式,第二电机3不工作,同步器10处于中间位并且离合器9接合。第一电机2将从输入轴6经过扭转减振器15、接合的离合器9、齿圈16和第一齿轮17传递至第一旋转轴7的内燃机输出扭矩转换为电能,进而可以储存在蓄电池中,由此标准充电。
10)纯内燃机驱动模式。在此,第一电机2和第二电机3均不工作,离合器9接合,同步器10接入到左位,即将第一旋转轴6和第二齿轮20抗旋转地连接。在这情况下,内燃机1工作,并且其输出扭矩经由输入轴6、扭转减振器15、接合的离合器9、齿圈16和第一齿轮17、第一旋转轴7、第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19传递至输出轴11,由此传递到输出轴11的扭矩可以进一步传递至驱动桥以驱动车辆行驶。
11)增程驱动模式。在此,内燃机工作,第一电机2工作在发电机模式,第二电机3工作在电动机模式,离合器9接合,同步器10处于中间位。第一电机2将从输入轴6经过扭转减振器15、接合的离合器9、齿圈16和第一齿轮17传递至第一旋转轴7的内燃机输出扭矩转换为电能。该电能可以驱动第二电机3输出扭矩。在这种情况下,第二电机3的输出扭矩从第二旋转轴8经过第六齿轮18和第三齿轮19传递到输出轴11,由此再传递至驱动桥,由此实现增程驱动模式。
图2是根据另一种优选实施方式的混合动力模块的示意图。该实施方式与在图1中示出的实施方式类似地设计,其主要区别在于,本实施方式中的混合动力模块包括四对齿轮副,而图1中的混合动力模块包括三对齿轮副。在此,其中三对齿轮副如同图1的实施方式布置,其中附加的齿轮副包括相互啮合的第四齿轮21和第五齿轮22。在此,第四齿轮21套设在第一旋转轴7上,第五齿轮22抗旋转地设置在输出轴11上。在此,附加的齿轮副与由第二齿轮20和第三齿轮19构成的第二齿轮副沿轴向并排布置。根据本实施方式的第二扭矩传递装置10构造为同步器,其可以选择性地将第二齿轮20或第四齿轮21与第一旋转轴7抗旋转连接。由此,第一电机2的输出扭矩和/或从内燃机1经第一齿轮副传递至第一旋转轴7的扭矩可以经由第二齿轮副或附加的齿轮副传递至输出轴11,从而可以实现两个挡位的扭矩传递。在此,第一齿轮副、第二齿轮副和附加的齿轮副沿第一旋转轴7的轴向在朝向第一电机2的方向上依次布置。
虽然在上述说明中示例性地描述了可能的实施例,但是应该理解到,仍然通过所有已知的和此外技术人员容易想到的技术特征和实施方式的组合存在大量实施例的变化。此外还应该理解到,示例性的实施方式仅仅作为一个例子,这种实施例绝不以任何形式限制本发明的保护范围、应用和构造。通过前述说明更多地是向技术人员提供一种用于转化至少一个示例性实施方式的技术指导,其中,只要不脱离权利要求书的保护范围,便可以进行各种改变,尤其是关于所述部件的功能和结构方面的改变。
附图标记列表
1 内燃机
2 第一电机;集成式起动发电机
3 第二电机;牵引电机
4 差速器
5 驱动轮
6 输入轴
7 第一旋转轴
8 第二旋转轴
9 第一扭矩传递装置
10 第二扭矩传递装置
11 输出轴
12 输出齿轮
13 差速器从动齿轮
14 差速器半轴
15 扭转减振器
16 齿圈
17 齿轮;第一齿轮
18 齿轮;第六齿轮
19 齿轮;第三齿轮
20 齿轮;第二齿轮
21 齿轮;第四齿轮
22 齿轮;第五齿轮
Claims (10)
1.用于混合动力车辆的混合动力模块,所述混合动力模块包括:
-输入轴(6),其用于与所述混合动力车辆的内燃机(1)连接;
-输出轴(11),其能够向所述混合动力车辆的驱动桥传递扭矩;
-第一电机(2)以及与其连接的第一旋转轴(7);
-第二电机(3)以及与其连接的第二旋转轴(8);
-第一齿轮副,其包括相互啮合的齿圈(16)和第一齿轮(17),其中,所述第一齿轮(17)抗旋转地设置在所述第一旋转轴(7)上;
-第二齿轮副,其包括相互啮合的第二齿轮(20)和第三齿轮(19);其中,所述第二齿轮(20)套设在所述第一旋转轴(7)上,所述第三齿轮(19)抗旋转地设置在所述输出轴(11)上;
-第一扭矩传递装置(9),其能够选择性地将所述齿圈(16)与所述输入轴(6)抗旋转连接;
-第二扭矩传递装置(10),其能够选择性地将所述第二齿轮(20)与所述第一旋转轴(7)抗旋转连接;
-其中,所述第二旋转轴(8)与所述输出轴(11)直接连接或借助另外的齿轮副连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述第一旋转轴(7)和所述第二旋转轴(8)平行布置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述第一扭矩传递装置构造为离合器(9)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述第二扭矩传递装置构造为同步器(10)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述混合动力模块还配备有第三齿轮副,所述第三齿轮副包括相互啮合的第四齿轮(21)和第五齿轮(22),其中,所述第四齿轮(21)套设在所述第一旋转轴(7)上,所述第五齿轮(22)抗旋转地设置在所述输出轴(11)上,其中,所述同步器(10)能够选择性地将所述第二齿轮(20)或所述第四齿轮(21)与所述第一旋转轴(7)抗旋转连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,沿所述第一旋转轴(7)的轴向在朝向所述第一电机(2)的方向上依次布置所述第一齿轮副、所述第二齿轮副和所述第三齿轮副。
7.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述第二旋转轴(8)抗旋转地设置有第六齿轮(18),所述第六齿轮(18)与所述第三齿轮(19)啮合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述输出轴(11)抗旋转地设置有输出齿轮(12)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的混合动力模块,其特征在于,所述输出齿轮(12)沿轴向布置在相对所述第三齿轮(19)远离所述第一电机(2)的一侧。
10.混合动力车辆,其包括根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的混合动力模块。
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