CN111837836A - Planting method of selenium-rich millet for protecting land - Google Patents
Planting method of selenium-rich millet for protecting land Download PDFInfo
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- CN111837836A CN111837836A CN202010901854.2A CN202010901854A CN111837836A CN 111837836 A CN111837836 A CN 111837836A CN 202010901854 A CN202010901854 A CN 202010901854A CN 111837836 A CN111837836 A CN 111837836A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting selenium-rich millet for protecting land, which changes a planting structure, namely the mode is as follows: the method for organically planting the peas, the millets or the potatoes, the millets and other friendly plants, the one-year-two-harvest crops by crop rotation of the peas, the potatoes or the sweet potatoes and the millets, after the seedlings of the peas are sowed in spring, loosening soil once a week and four times, irrigating small water and applying farmyard manure when flower buds appear, and after the pods are grown, increasing watering and applying phosphorus potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaf surface in the pod bearing period, keeping soil moist in the pod bearing full period, stabilizing pod bearing number, and reducing plant growth, the water quantity is reduced, the selenium-rich millet planted by the method has golden color, the selenium content reaches 318 mu g per kilogram, the millet amylopectin is high in viscosity and good in taste, is an efficient, environment-friendly and ecological friendly agricultural production mode, and achieves the purposes of storing grains in technology and storing grains in land.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a method for planting selenium-rich millet for protecting soil.
Background
At present, due to the pursuit of people on high yield and economic benefit, a single crop with high economic benefit is planted, in order to pursue yield, a large amount of chemical fertilizer is used, soil hardening and serious pollution are caused, the soil can not be repaired by self for a long time, the residual pollutants of the crop exist, a scientific planting method and a natural crop rotation mode are adopted: a method for planting selenium-rich millet capable of protecting soil can restore the vitality of the soil and achieve the aim of ecological agriculture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the defects in the prior art and provides a method for planting selenium-rich millet for protecting the land, wherein the method for organically planting the crops of two crops in one year by alternately planting peas or potatoes or sweet potatoes and millet is labor-saving, time-saving and electricity-saving through friendly planting of peas-millet or potatoes-millet or sweet potatoes-millet and the like, and the soil is recovered after 3 years of planting by using the method.
The agricultural crop rotation principle of the invention is as follows:
the pH value of the soil is 5.0-6.0, the soil is acidic, the pH value of individual hardened soil is less than 5.0, the soil is strong in acidity, the soil fertility is greatly affected after the pH value of the soil is low, farmland weed communities are changed, the species preference is narrow, the yield is reduced, the soil fertility is declined, the absorption of other nutrient elements is inhibited, and the activity of microorganisms for inhibiting soil germs is reduced, so that related physiological diseases and invasive diseases are caused. Meanwhile, the acidification of the soil causes some acid-loving weeds to grow rapidly, so that the weeds gradually become dominant populations in the agricultural field and are very unfavorable for agricultural production, for example, field horsetail and tribulus terrestris in the dry field, the quantity of the field horsetail and the tribulus terrestris increases sharply along with the reduction of the pH value of the soil, and the field horsetail and the tribulus terrestris compete for nutrients with crops. The pea has strong adaptability to soil and is relatively barren-resistant, a large amount of rhizobia can be formed by the pea at the pH value of 6.5-8.0 of the soil, the micro-alkaline soil can promote the activity of soil microorganisms, and particularly the rhizobia can resist alkalinity with the pH value as high as 9.5. The slightly alkaline soil environment can promote the normal development of rhizobia and improve the nitrogen fixation capacity of rhizobia, thereby preventing soil from hardening due to acidity and providing a nitrogen fertilizer required by millet growth.
The soil alkalinity is improved, the weed groups are preliminarily inhibited, the land for harvesting peas is left unused for ten days at present, the field is harrowed once after the weeds grow out completely, the field is deeply ploughed once after the weeds are dried in the sun, the field is harrowed twice and then ridges are supported, weed seeds in the residual land can fully germinate, roots are harrowed out before the weeds do not grow completely, the weeds are sun-dried, the effect that the millet in the next crop is free of the weed groups is guaranteed, and the crop rotation is repeated for three years, so that the soil can be ecologically recycled.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land changes a planting structure, namely the mode is as follows: the method is an organic planting method for crops of one year and two years by crop rotation of peas, potatoes or sweet potatoes and millet, and is a selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pea land preparation and fertilization
Leveling the ground, applying fermented chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure and farmyard manure, deeply ploughing and finely harrowing the soil before and after spring festival, finely crushing the surface soil, ridging before sowing, and planting in large and small rows;
(2) pea seed selection
Selecting green peas with thick skins and full seeds, and dressing seeds with a new high-fat film, wherein the germination rate of the seeds is more than 80%;
(3) pea management
After seedlings of peas are sowed in spring, loosening the soil once a week, loosening the soil four times, beginning to irrigate small water and apply farmyard manure in a ditch when flower buds appear, after the generation of pods, increasing watering and applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate on a page in a pod bearing period, keeping soil moist in the pod bearing period, stabilizing the pod bearing number, and reducing water amount when plant growth is reduced;
(4) seed selection of millet
Selecting local unhybridized traditional varieties, threshing the local unhybridized traditional varieties in a traditional rolling mode, then screening the seeds by a latticed seed cleaning sieve, putting the screened seeds into 10% saline water, stirring the seeds for ten minutes, elutriating the seeds, standing the seeds for one hour, removing grains floating on the surface of the seeds, fishing out the seeds settled at the bottom of the seeds, and drying the seeds in the sun;
(5) millet seed dressing
Mixing the daphniphora which accounts for 0.3 percent of the weight of the seeds aired and dried in the step 4 with thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, nitenpyram, imidacloprid, veratrine, fenoxycarb, buprofezin, carbosulfan and bifenthrin for seed dressing so as to prevent poliosis and underground pests;
(6) seeding of millet
Leaving the pea-harvesting land idle for ten days, harrowing the pea-harvesting land once after weeds are fully produced, deeply ploughing the pea-harvesting land once after the weeds are dried in the sun, harrowing the pea-harvesting land twice, and then ridging the pea-harvesting land, wherein seeds with the germination rate of more than 80 percent are dibbled for six or two seeds per mu, and the depth of the seeds is 2-3cm, so that hole sowing is beneficial;
(7) millet planting seedling stage management
After seedlings are completely grown, mepiquat chloride and mepiquat chloride which are auxiliary strong elements are sprayed when 8-10 leaves are grown, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed at the same time, the mixture is sprayed from four points in the afternoon to ten points in the morning, rain is met within six hours after spraying, additional spraying is needed, the mixture is sprayed for three times from the front of jointing to the later stage of jointing, and the selenium fertilizer agent is sprayed for 1 time in the booting period.
Preferably, in the step (7), the seedlings are sowed in holes, wherein 3-5 seedlings are planted in each hole, and 4-6 ten thousand seedlings are planted per mu.
Preferably, the pea of the previous crop can be potato and the sweet potato (small arched shed) is a ridge-supporting crop so as to be convenient for furrow irrigation.
Preferably, the organic planting method for crops of two crops in one year and two crops by crop rotation of peas and millets can be as follows: the first year of rotation of millet and pea, the second year of rotation of millet and potato, and the third year of rotation of millet and sweet potato.
Preferably, the planting in the large and small rows is performed in the way that the row spacing is alternate, the small rows are 30cm, and the large rows are 70 cm. .
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the double-season production using the chemical fertilizer, the invention saves the investment of purchasing the chemical fertilizer and reduces the quantity and the variety of the weeds in the farmland; by the planting method, chemical fertilizer and herbicide are not needed to be applied, so that the labor is reduced, the food safety is ensured, and the produced millet reaches the selenium-rich and organic standards.
2. The peas used in the rotation process can fix nitrogen in the air and convert the nitrogen into ammonia required by crops, and the microorganisms can activate phosphorus and potassium in soil, so that the requirements of pea growth in the current season on fertilizers are met, and the requirements of millet growth in the next season on the fertilizers are met to a great extent. The method can realize that the yield of the millets of the previous crop can reach 500 jin/mu and the yield of the peas can reach 600 jin/mu. The fertilizer urea is saved by 120 jin/year/mu, the calcium superphosphate is saved by 30 jin/year/mu, and the monopotassium phosphate is saved by 45 jin/mu.
3. According to the method, no chemical fertilizer, pesticide or herbicide is applied in the planting process, three previous crops are subjected to furrow irrigation and no flood irrigation, water resources can be saved by 60%, the manual input amount of management and protection per mu is reduced by 70%, labor, time and electricity are saved, and the organic matter content of the soil is improved by 0.5% after the three previous crops are planted for 3 years by using the method. Solves the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution caused by using a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, is a high-efficiency, environment-friendly and ecological friendly agricultural production mode, and achieves the purposes of storing grains in the technology and storing grains in the ground.
4. The selenium-rich millet planted by the method has golden color, the selenium content reaches 318 mu g per kilogram, the millet has high amylopectin content and high viscosity, and the millet has good mouthfeel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention, the implementation place of the present invention is located in the southwest ruxi area, but the use of the method in other areas is not limited, and each area can be adaptively adjusted according to the climate condition and farming habits of the person.
Example 1
A selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land changes a planting structure, namely the mode is as follows: the method is an organic planting method for crops of one year and two crops of two crops by crop rotation of peas, sweet potatoes and millet, and is a selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pea land preparation and fertilization
Leveling the ground, applying fermented chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure and farmyard manure, deeply ploughing and finely harrowing the soil before and after spring festival, finely crushing the surface soil, ridging before sowing, and planting in large and small rows;
(2) pea seed selection
Selecting green peas with thick skins and full seeds, and dressing seeds with a new high-fat film, wherein the germination rate of the seeds is more than 80%;
(3) pea management
After seedlings of peas are sowed in spring, loosening the soil once a week, loosening the soil four times, beginning to irrigate small water and apply farmyard manure in a ditch when flower buds appear, after the generation of pods, increasing watering and applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate on a page in a pod bearing period, keeping soil moist in the pod bearing period, stabilizing the pod bearing number, and reducing water amount when plant growth is reduced;
(4) seed selection of millet
Selecting local unhybridized traditional varieties, threshing the local unhybridized traditional varieties in a traditional rolling mode, then screening the seeds by a latticed seed cleaning sieve, putting the screened seeds into 10% saline water, stirring the seeds for ten minutes, elutriating the seeds, standing the seeds for one hour, removing grains floating on the surface of the seeds, fishing out the seeds settled at the bottom of the seeds, and drying the seeds in the sun;
(5) millet seed dressing
Mixing the daphniphora which accounts for 0.3 percent of the weight of the seeds aired and dried in the step 4 with thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, nitenpyram, imidacloprid, veratrine, fenoxycarb, buprofezin, carbosulfan and bifenthrin for seed dressing so as to prevent poliosis and underground pests;
(6) seeding of millet
Leaving the pea-harvesting land idle for ten days, harrowing the pea-harvesting land once after weeds are fully produced, deeply ploughing the pea-harvesting land once after the weeds are dried in the sun, harrowing the pea-harvesting land twice, and then ridging the pea-harvesting land, wherein seeds with the germination rate of more than 80 percent are dibbled for six or two seeds per mu, and the depth of the seeds is 2-3cm, so that hole sowing is beneficial;
(7) millet planting seedling stage management
After seedlings are completely grown, mepiquat chloride and mepiquat chloride which are auxiliary strong elements are sprayed when 8-10 leaves are grown, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed at the same time, the mixture is sprayed from four points in the afternoon to ten points in the morning, rain is met within six hours after spraying, additional spraying is needed, the mixture is sprayed for three times from the front of jointing to the later stage of jointing, and the selenium fertilizer agent is sprayed for 1 time in the booting period.
In the step (7), hole sowing is carried out, 3-5 plants are planted in each hole, and 4-6 ten thousand plants are planted per mu.
The former crop pea can be potato and sweet potato (small arched shed) which are ridge-supporting crops, so as to be convenient for furrow irrigation.
The organic planting method for the crops of two crops in one year by crop rotation of peas and millets comprises the following steps: the first year of rotation of millet and pea, the second year of rotation of millet and potato, and the third year of rotation of millet and sweet potato.
The large and small rows are planted in such a way that the row spacing is alternate, the small row is 35cm, and the large row is 60 cm. .
The method can realize that the yield of the peas can reach 700 jin/mu when the millet of the previous crop is used. The fertilizer urea is saved by 120 jin/year/mu, the calcium superphosphate is saved by 40 jin/year/mu, and the monopotassium phosphate is saved by 40 jin/mu. The selenium-rich millet planted by the method has golden color, the selenium content of 310 mu g per kilogram, high amylopectin content, high viscosity and good taste.
Example 2
A selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land changes a planting structure, namely the mode is as follows: the organic planting method of the crops of one year and two crops of two crops by crop rotation of peas or potatoes and millet is a selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pea land preparation and fertilization
Leveling the ground, applying fermented chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure and farmyard manure, deeply ploughing and finely harrowing the soil before and after spring festival, finely crushing the surface soil, ridging before sowing, and planting in large and small rows;
(2) pea seed selection
Selecting green peas with thick skins and full seeds, and dressing seeds with a new high-fat film, wherein the germination rate of the seeds is more than 80%;
(3) pea management
After seedlings of peas are sowed in spring, loosening the soil once a week, loosening the soil four times, beginning to irrigate small water and apply farmyard manure in a ditch when flower buds appear, after the generation of pods, increasing watering and applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate on a page in a pod bearing period, keeping soil moist in the pod bearing period, stabilizing the pod bearing number, and reducing water amount when plant growth is reduced;
the potato planting management is the same as that of peas, except that 10 kg/mu of plant ash is applied to potatoes;
(4) seed selection of millet
Selecting local unhybridized traditional varieties, threshing the local unhybridized traditional varieties in a traditional rolling mode, then screening the seeds by a latticed seed cleaning sieve, putting the screened seeds into 10% saline water, stirring the seeds for ten minutes, elutriating the seeds, standing the seeds for one hour, removing grains floating on the surface of the seeds, fishing out the seeds settled at the bottom of the seeds, and drying the seeds in the sun;
(5) millet seed dressing
Mixing the daphniphora which accounts for 0.3 percent of the weight of the seeds aired and dried in the step 4 with thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, nitenpyram, imidacloprid, veratrine, fenoxycarb, buprofezin, carbosulfan and bifenthrin for seed dressing so as to prevent poliosis and underground pests;
(6) seeding of millet
Leaving the pea-harvesting land idle for ten days, harrowing the pea-harvesting land once after weeds are fully produced, deeply ploughing the pea-harvesting land once after the weeds are dried in the sun, harrowing the pea-harvesting land twice, and then ridging the pea-harvesting land, wherein seeds with the germination rate of more than 80 percent are dibbled for six or two seeds per mu, and the depth of the seeds is 2-3cm, so that hole sowing is beneficial;
(7) millet planting seedling stage management
After seedlings are completely grown, mepiquat chloride and mepiquat chloride which are auxiliary strong elements are sprayed when 8-10 leaves are grown, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed at the same time, the mixture is sprayed from four points in the afternoon to ten points in the morning, rain is met within six hours after spraying, additional spraying is needed, the mixture is sprayed for three times from the front of jointing to the later stage of jointing, and the selenium fertilizer agent is sprayed for 1 time in the booting period.
Preferably, in the step (7), the seedlings are sowed in holes, wherein 3-5 seedlings are planted in each hole, and 4-6 ten thousand seedlings are planted per mu.
Preferably, the pea of the previous crop can be potato and the sweet potato (small arched shed) is a ridge-supporting crop so as to be convenient for furrow irrigation.
Preferably, the organic planting method for crops of two crops in one year and two crops by crop rotation of peas and millets can be as follows: the first year of rotation of millet and pea, the second year of rotation of millet and potato, and the third year of rotation of millet and sweet potato.
Preferably, the planting in the large and small rows is performed in the way that the row spacing is alternate, the small rows are 30cm, and the large rows are 70 cm. .
The method can realize the yield of millet in the previous crop of 600 jin/mu, pea yield of 600 jin/mu and potato yield of 4000 jin/mu. The fertilizer urea is saved by 120 jin/year/mu, the calcium superphosphate is saved by 30 jin/year/mu, and the monopotassium phosphate is saved by 45 jin/mu. The three previous crops are subjected to furrow irrigation without flood irrigation, water resources can be saved by 60%, the manual input amount of management and protection per mu is reduced by 70%, labor, time and electricity are saved, and the organic matter content of the soil is improved by 0.5% after the three previous crops are planted for 3 years by using the method. Solves the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution caused by using a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, is a high-efficiency, environment-friendly and ecological friendly agricultural production mode, and achieves the purposes of storing grains in the technology and storing grains in the ground.
Example 3
A selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land changes a planting structure, namely the mode is as follows: the organic planting method for crops of one year and two years by crop rotation of peas, namely millet, namely sweet potatoes and millet is a selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pea land preparation and fertilization
Leveling the ground, applying fermented chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure and farmyard manure, deeply ploughing and finely harrowing the soil before and after spring festival, finely crushing the surface soil, ridging before sowing, and planting in large and small rows;
(2) pea seed selection
Selecting green peas with thick skins and full seeds, and dressing seeds with a new high-fat film, wherein the germination rate of the seeds is more than 80%;
(3) pea management
After seedlings of peas are sowed in spring, loosening the soil once a week, loosening the soil four times, beginning to irrigate small water and apply farmyard manure in a ditch when flower buds appear, after the generation of pods, increasing watering and applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate on a page in a pod bearing period, keeping soil moist in the pod bearing period, stabilizing the pod bearing number, and reducing water amount when plant growth is reduced;
the sweet potato is planted as same as the potato.
(4) Seed selection of millet
Selecting local unhybridized traditional varieties, threshing the local unhybridized traditional varieties in a traditional rolling mode, then screening the seeds by a latticed seed cleaning sieve, putting the screened seeds into 10% saline water, stirring the seeds for ten minutes, elutriating the seeds, standing the seeds for one hour, removing grains floating on the surface of the seeds, fishing out the seeds settled at the bottom of the seeds, and drying the seeds in the sun;
(5) millet seed dressing
Mixing the daphniphora which accounts for 0.3 percent of the weight of the seeds aired and dried in the step 4 with thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, nitenpyram, imidacloprid, veratrine, fenoxycarb, buprofezin, carbosulfan and bifenthrin for seed dressing so as to prevent poliosis and underground pests;
(6) seeding of millet
Leaving the pea-harvesting land idle for ten days, harrowing the pea-harvesting land once after weeds are fully produced, deeply ploughing the pea-harvesting land once after the weeds are dried in the sun, harrowing the pea-harvesting land twice, and then ridging the pea-harvesting land, wherein seeds with the germination rate of more than 80 percent are dibbled for six or two seeds per mu, and the depth of the seeds is 2-3cm, so that hole sowing is beneficial;
(7) millet planting seedling stage management
After seedlings are completely grown, mepiquat chloride and mepiquat chloride which are auxiliary strong elements are sprayed when 8-10 leaves are grown, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed at the same time, the mixture is sprayed from four points in the afternoon to ten points in the morning, rain is met within six hours after spraying, additional spraying is needed, the mixture is sprayed for three times from the front of jointing to the later stage of jointing, and the selenium fertilizer agent is sprayed for 1 time in the booting period.
In the step (7), hole sowing is carried out, 3-5 plants are planted in each hole, and 4-6 ten thousand plants are planted per mu.
The former crop pea can be potato and sweet potato (small arched shed) which are ridge-supporting crops, so as to be convenient for furrow irrigation.
The organic planting method for the crops of two crops in one year by crop rotation of peas and millets comprises the following steps: the first year of rotation of millet and pea, the second year of rotation of millet and potato, and the third year of rotation of millet and sweet potato.
The large and small rows are planted in such a way that the row spacing is alternate, the small row is 23cm, and the large row is 65 cm. .
The method can realize that the yield of the millets of the previous crop can reach 500 jin/mu and the yield of the peas can reach 600 jin/mu and 5000 jin/mu of the sweet potatoes. The fertilizer urea is saved by 200 jin/year/mu, the calcium superphosphate is saved by 50 jin/year/mu, and the monopotassium phosphate is saved by 50 jin/mu. The selenium-rich millet planted by the method has golden color, the selenium content reaches 320 mu g per kilogram, the millet has high amylopectin content and high viscosity, and the millet has good mouthfeel.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. A method for planting selenium-rich millet for protecting land is characterized by comprising the following steps: the transformation planting structure, namely the mode is as follows: the method is an organic planting method for crops of one year and two years by crop rotation of peas, potatoes or sweet potatoes and millet, and is a selenium-rich millet planting method for protecting land.
2. The method for planting selenium-rich millet in protected fields according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pea land preparation and fertilization
Leveling the ground, applying fermented chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure and farmyard manure, deeply ploughing and finely harrowing the soil before and after spring festival, finely crushing the surface soil, ridging before sowing, and planting in large and small rows;
(2) pea seed selection
Selecting green peas with thick skins and full seeds, and dressing seeds with a new high-fat film, wherein the germination rate of the seeds is more than 80%;
(3) pea management
After seedlings of peas are sowed in spring, loosening the soil once a week, loosening the soil four times, beginning to irrigate small water and apply farmyard manure in a ditch when flower buds appear, after the generation of pods, increasing watering and applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate on a page in a pod bearing period, keeping soil moist in the pod bearing period, stabilizing the pod bearing number, and reducing water amount when plant growth is reduced;
(4) seed selection of millet
Selecting local unhybridized traditional varieties, threshing the local unhybridized traditional varieties in a traditional rolling mode, then screening the seeds by a latticed seed cleaning sieve, putting the screened seeds into 10% saline water, stirring the seeds for ten minutes, elutriating the seeds, standing the seeds for one hour, removing grains floating on the surface of the seeds, fishing out the seeds settled at the bottom of the seeds, and drying the seeds in the sun;
(5) millet seed dressing
Mixing the daphniphora which accounts for 0.3 percent of the weight of the seeds aired and dried in the step 4 with thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, nitenpyram, imidacloprid, veratrine, fenoxycarb, buprofezin, carbosulfan and bifenthrin for seed dressing so as to prevent poliosis and underground pests;
(6) seeding of millet
Leaving the pea-harvesting land idle for ten days, harrowing the pea-harvesting land once after weeds are fully produced, deeply ploughing the pea-harvesting land once after the weeds are dried in the sun, harrowing the pea-harvesting land twice, and then ridging the pea-harvesting land, wherein seeds with the germination rate of more than 80 percent are dibbled for six or two seeds per mu, and the depth of the seeds is 2-3cm, so that hole sowing is beneficial;
(7) millet planting seedling stage management
After seedlings are completely grown, mepiquat chloride and mepiquat chloride which are auxiliary strong elements are sprayed when 8-10 leaves are grown, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed at the same time, the mixture is sprayed from four points in the afternoon to ten points in the morning, rain is met within six hours after spraying, additional spraying is needed, the mixture is sprayed for three times from the front of jointing to the later stage of jointing, and the selenium fertilizer agent is sprayed for 1 time in the booting period.
3. The method for planting selenium-rich millet in protected fields according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (7), hole sowing is carried out, 3-5 plants are planted in each hole, and 4-6 ten thousand plants are planted per mu.
4. The method for planting selenium-rich millet in protected fields according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the former crop pea can be potato and sweet potato (small arched shed) which are ridge-supporting crops, so as to be convenient for furrow irrigation.
5. The method for planting selenium-rich millet in protected fields according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic planting method for the crops of two crops in one year by crop rotation of peas and millets comprises the following steps: the first year of rotation of millet and pea, the second year of rotation of millet and potato, and the third year of rotation of millet and sweet potato.
6. The method for planting selenium-rich millet in protected fields according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the large and small rows are planted in such a way that the row spacing is alternate, the small row is 30cm, and the large row is 70 cm.
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