CN111786634A - Crystal oscillator, oscillation signal generation method, storage medium and equipment - Google Patents
Crystal oscillator, oscillation signal generation method, storage medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111786634A CN111786634A CN202010665657.5A CN202010665657A CN111786634A CN 111786634 A CN111786634 A CN 111786634A CN 202010665657 A CN202010665657 A CN 202010665657A CN 111786634 A CN111786634 A CN 111786634A
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
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- H03B5/06—Modifications of generator to ensure starting of oscillations
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Abstract
The application discloses a crystal oscillator, an oscillation signal generation method, a storage medium and equipment, and belongs to the technical field of circuit integration. The crystal oscillator includes: an oscillation circuit that outputs an oscillation signal; an amplitude control circuit for detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal, generating a working current according to the detection result, and feeding back the working current to the oscillation circuit; and a current source which supplies a certain reference current to the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit. The application of the application enables the alternating current oscillation signal generated by the crystal oscillator to have higher frequency stability, and reduces the power consumption of the crystal oscillator.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of circuit integration technologies, and in particular, to a crystal oscillator, an oscillation signal generation method, a storage medium, and an apparatus.
Background
With the increasing change of information technology, the demand of reference sources for measurement in various fields is increasing, and various timers require highly accurate and stable references as reference references. Therefore, it is particularly important to research high-quality frequency signal sources, and common oscillators, such as oscillators composed of inductors and capacitors, are unstable in frequency and susceptible to interference, and inductors are difficult to integrate and inconvenient to use in these fields. Quartz crystals having high frequency stability, which are high quality factors, are widely used in these fields. Quartz crystals have good properties and are used for civil applications such as mobile communications, broadcast television, satellite navigation, satellite communications, and military applications such as radar and anti-reflection systems. In addition, various electronic devices for measurement and timing, which are required to be used scientifically and in daily life, require a quartz crystal oscillator with high accuracy and high stability as a signal reference source, which is a heart of a radio apparatus.
The crystal oscillator can provide a high-precision clock reference for an electronic system, and is integrated into a chip by adopting a Pierce structure. The performance of the oscillator is now mainly reflected in frequency stability and power consumption. The frequency stability can be improved by using a fixed bias current, but too large a bias current causes deviation from the design frequency and also causes a large power consumption problem. Too low a current may result in too slow or too slow start-up of the oscillator. In order to obtain a stable output frequency, the conventional Pierce crystal oscillator circuit needs a resistor far larger than the internal resistance of the crystal oscillator to ensure that the frequency of the oscillator is far higher than the resonant frequency of the circuit. The direct manufacture of large resistors occupies a large area no matter whether the large resistor process exists or not.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the prior art, the present application provides a crystal oscillator, an oscillation signal generating method, a storage medium, and an apparatus.
In one aspect of the present application, there is provided a crystal oscillator including: an oscillation circuit that outputs an oscillation signal; an amplitude control circuit for detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal, generating a working current according to the detection result, and feeding back the working current to the oscillation circuit; and a current source which supplies a certain reference current to the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit.
In another aspect of the present application, there is provided an oscillation signal generating method including: outputting an oscillation signal through an oscillation circuit; detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal through an amplitude control circuit, and generating a working current according to a detection result; and the oscillation circuit receives the working current and adjusts the amplitude of the oscillation signal.
In another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are operated to execute the oscillation signal generation method according to any one of the second aspect.
In another aspect of the present application, a computer device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer instructions, wherein: the processor operates the computer instructions to perform the oscillation signal generation method of any one of the second aspect.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the application of the application enables the alternating current oscillation signal generated by the crystal oscillator to have higher frequency stability, and reduces the power consumption of the crystal oscillator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of a crystal oscillator according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an oscillation circuit and an amplitude control circuit in a crystal oscillator according to the present application;
FIG. 2(a) is a partially enlarged view of an oscillation circuit and an amplitude control circuit in the crystal oscillator of the present application;
FIG. 2(b) is a partially enlarged view of the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit in the crystal oscillator of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a current source in a crystal oscillator according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of an oscillating signal generating method according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings (if any) are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a crystal oscillator according to the present application.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the crystal oscillator of the present application includes: an oscillation circuit that outputs an oscillation signal; an amplitude control circuit for detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal, generating a working current according to the detection result, and feeding back the working current to the oscillation circuit; and a current source which supplies a certain reference current to the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit.
In this embodiment, the oscillation circuit generates an oscillation signal having a constant amplitude, the amplitude of the oscillation signal is detected by the amplitude control circuit, and a corresponding operating current is generated based on the detection result of the amplitude of the oscillation signal and fed back to the oscillation circuit, thereby controlling the amplitude of the oscillation signal. For example, when the amplitude control circuit detects that the amplitude of the oscillation signal is higher than a preset amplitude standard, the amplitude control circuit generates a corresponding working current with reduced amplitude and feeds the working current back to the oscillation circuit; when the amplitude control circuit detects that the amplitude of the oscillation signal is lower than a preset amplitude standard, the amplitude control circuit generates a corresponding working current with increased amplitude and feeds the working current back to the oscillation circuit. In addition, the current source provides a certain reference current for the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit, so that the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit are in a stable working state.
In one embodiment of the present application, the oscillation circuit receives the operating current from the amplitude control circuit to adjust the amplitude of the oscillation signal. When the amplitude of the oscillation signal with the first amplitude generated by the oscillation circuit is higher than the preset amplitude standard, the oscillation circuit receives the working current with the reduced amplitude sent by the amplitude control circuit, and further reduces the amplitude of the oscillation signal when the next oscillation signal is generated, so that the oscillation signal with the second amplitude meeting the amplitude standard is generated; when the amplitude of the oscillation signal with the first amplitude is lower than the preset amplitude standard, the oscillation circuit receives the working current which is sent by the amplitude control circuit and increases the amplitude, so that the amplitude of the oscillation signal is increased, and the oscillation signal with the second amplitude is generated, so that the amplitude of the oscillation signal meets the preset amplitude standard.
In this particular embodiment, the oscillating circuit generates an oscillating signal having an amplitude. The amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit fluctuates due to the operating voltage of the oscillation circuit or due to the influence of some electronic components of the oscillation circuit itself, i.e., the amplitude of the oscillation signal may be higher or lower than a predetermined amplitude standard. In addition, the frequency stability of the oscillator is degraded due to fluctuations in the amplitude of the oscillation signal. The amplitude control circuit detects the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit, generates a corresponding working current, and feeds the working current back to the oscillation circuit, so as to control the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit. The oscillation circuit receives the operating current from the amplitude control circuit and appropriately adjusts the amplitude of the oscillation signal. For example, when the amplitude of the oscillation signal is higher than a predetermined amplitude standard, the amplitude control circuit performs amplitude detection and then generates an operating current for amplitude reduction adjustment, and the oscillation circuit receives the operating current to perform amplitude reduction adjustment on the oscillation signal, thereby generating the oscillation signal that meets the amplitude standard. The amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit is detected and controlled through the amplitude control circuit, so that the oscillation circuit generates the oscillation signal which meets the preset amplitude standard, the frequency stability of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit is improved, the power consumption of the oscillation circuit is reduced, and the power consumption of the crystal oscillator is reduced.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the oscillation circuit of the crystal oscillator of the present application employs a common-source single-tube amplifier, and a feedback resistor is connected to an input end and/or an output end of the common-source single-tube amplifier, so as to expand a linear range.
In an example of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a specific example of an oscillation circuit and an amplitude control circuit in a crystal oscillator of the present application is shown. The oscillation circuit mainly comprises an NM11 transistor to form a common source single-tube amplifier, feedback resistors are connected to the input end and the output end of the oscillation circuit, deep negative feedback is introduced, the linear range of the NM11 transistor is expanded, the function of the NM11 transistor is equal to that of the amplifier, and the nonlinear influence of the amplifier is reduced. The added feedback resistance between the input and output of the tank circuit may cause the amplifier to bias when the input equals the output, forcing the NM11 transistor to operate in a linear region. The NM11 transistor amplifies the noise of the crystal oscillator in the parallel resonance region, for example, the thermal noise of the crystal oscillator, thereby causing the crystal oscillator to start oscillation.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the crystal oscillator of the present application uses a MOS transistor instead of a resistor in an amplitude control circuit to implement the function related to the resistor. By adopting the MOS tube as the resistor, the occupied area of the amplitude control circuit is reduced, and the circuit integration is facilitated.
In one example of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, a specific example of an oscillation circuit and an amplitude control circuit in a crystal oscillator of the present application is shown. Fig. 2(a) is an enlarged view of the upper half circuit in fig. 2, and fig. 2(b) is an enlarged view of the lower half circuit in fig. 2. In the amplitude control circuit, a resistor formed by a MOS transistor is connected across the grid and the drain of the NM2 transistor, because no direct current path exists, direct current voltages at the grid and the drain of the NM2 transistor are equal, an input oscillation signal reaches the grid of the NM2 transistor after being blocked by a C0 capacitor, and because no other direct current path exists, the average current of the NM2 transistor is equal to a direct current bias current. When the direct current bias current is not changed, the gate voltage of the transistor of the NM2 is increased along with the reduction of the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit; as the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit increases, the gate voltage of the NM2 transistor decreases, and thus the amplitude change of the oscillation signal can be reflected to the drain of the NM2 transistor.
When the input oscillation signal does not reach the on-voltage of the NM2 transistor, the input oscillation signal is blocked by the C0 capacitor and then passes through the NM4 transistor resistor, the NM5 transistor resistor, and the NM6 transistor resistor. The replica current then continues with the current through the PM9 transistor and the PM10 transistor as reference current, while no amplitude control is passed, while the current flowing out of the PM7 transistor and the PM8 transistor in the current mirror through the NM7 transistor can provide a voltage bias to the gate of the NM5 transistor, causing the NM5 transistor to be on all the time. When the amplitude of the input oscillation signal is increased to a certain degree to turn on the NM2 transistor, and the input oscillation signal is blocked by the C0 capacitor, the drain voltage of the NM2 transistor is changed to reduce the load current passing through the NM11 transistor, and the load current is fed back to the oscillation circuit as the working current generated by the amplitude control circuit, thereby controlling the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit and reducing the power consumption.
In one embodiment of the present application, a current source of a crystal oscillator of the present application includes a start-up circuit and/or a current mirror that provides a reference current independent of a supply voltage.
In one example of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, a specific example of a current source in a crystal oscillator of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 3, when the power supply is just powered on, the voltage is zero, and thus the voltage at vn2 is 0. Since the voltage of vn2 rises slower than the power supply voltage, vn2 remains low at all times when the power supply is just powered up. At this time, the P-type transistor as an inverter is turned on, and the output voltage is the power voltage minus the voltage of the diode, thereby realizing the turning on of the following N-type transistor, wherein the output voltage of the N-type transistor is at a low level. If the voltage at EN is adjusted to 1, the voltage of vp1 will decrease, and when the voltage of vp1 is low, the whole circuit will generate current. When the voltage of vn2 becomes high level, the N-type transistor of the inverter is turned on, the whole starting circuit is in off state, the task of the starting circuit is completed, the circuit stops working, the circuit always has stable current working, and the reference current irrelevant to the power supply voltage is provided for the oscillating circuit and the amplitude control circuit.
In the crystal oscillator, the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit is detected through the amplitude control circuit, the corresponding working current is generated and fed back to the oscillation circuit, the amplitude of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit is adjusted, the frequency stability of the crystal oscillator is improved, and meanwhile, the power consumption is reduced. A common-source single-tube amplifier is adopted in the oscillating circuit, and a feedback resistor is connected to the input end and/or the output end of the oscillating circuit, so that the linear range is expanded, and the stability of a generated oscillating signal is ensured. In the amplitude control circuit, a MOS transistor is adopted to replace a resistor, so that the occupied area of the amplitude control circuit is reduced, the integration of the amplitude circuit is facilitated, and the occupied space of the crystal oscillator is further reduced. The reference current irrelevant to the power supply voltage is provided for the oscillating circuit and the amplitude control circuit through the current source, so that the oscillating circuit and the amplitude control circuit are in a stable working state, the influence of the fluctuation of the current on the amplitude of an oscillating signal generated by the oscillating circuit is avoided, and the frequency stability of the crystal oscillator is improved.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the crystal oscillator of the present application further includes an external tuning capacitor, which compensates for a frequency error of the oscillation signal generated by the oscillation circuit.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the CT capacitor is an external tuning capacitor of the crystal oscillator of the present application, and the external tuning capacitor can compensate for frequency tolerance caused by parameters and operating temperature of the quartz crystal, so as to achieve high clock precision.
Fig. 4 shows a specific embodiment of the oscillation signal generation method of the present application.
In this embodiment, the oscillation signal generation method of the present application includes: s401, outputting an oscillation signal through an oscillation circuit; s402, detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal through an amplitude control circuit, and generating a working current according to the detection result; and S403, the oscillation circuit receives the working current and adjusts the amplitude of the oscillation signal.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the frequency error of the oscillating signal of the second amplitude is compensated for by a tuning capacitor. As shown in fig. 1, the CT capacitor is an external tuning capacitor of the crystal oscillator of the present application, and the external tuning capacitor can compensate for frequency tolerance caused by parameters and operating temperature of the quartz crystal, so as to achieve high clock precision.
In a particular embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are operable to perform the oscillation signal generation method described in any one of the embodiments. Wherein the storage medium may be directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two.
A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general-purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
In one embodiment of the present application, a computer device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer instructions, wherein: the processor operates the computer instructions to perform the oscillation signal generation method described in any of the embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings, which are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A crystal oscillator, comprising:
an oscillation circuit that outputs an oscillation signal;
an amplitude control circuit for detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal, generating a working current according to the detection result, and feeding back the working current to the oscillation circuit; and
a current source that supplies a certain reference current to the oscillation circuit and the amplitude control circuit.
2. The crystal oscillator of claim 1 wherein the oscillating circuit receives the operating current and adjusts an amplitude of the oscillating signal.
3. The crystal oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillation circuit adopts a common source single-tube amplifier, and a feedback resistor is connected to the input end and/or the output end of the oscillation circuit to expand the linear range.
4. A crystal oscillator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the amplitude control circuit, the resistors are replaced by MOS transistors, the functions associated with the resistors being realized.
5. A crystal oscillator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the current source comprises a start-up circuit and/or a current mirror, providing the reference current independent of the supply voltage.
6. The crystal oscillator of claim 1, further comprising:
and the external tuning capacitor is used for compensating the frequency tolerance of the oscillation signal output by the oscillation circuit.
7. An oscillation signal generation method, comprising:
outputting an oscillation signal through an oscillation circuit;
detecting the amplitude of the oscillation signal through an amplitude control circuit, and generating a working current according to a detection result; and
and the oscillating circuit receives the working current and adjusts the amplitude of the oscillating signal.
8. The oscillation signal generation method according to claim 7, further comprising:
and compensating the frequency tolerance of the oscillation signal through an external tuning capacitor.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are operable to perform the oscillation signal generation method of any one of claims 7 to 8.
10. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer instructions, wherein the processor operates the computer instructions to perform the oscillating signal generating method of any one of claims 7-8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010665657.5A CN111786634A (en) | 2020-07-11 | 2020-07-11 | Crystal oscillator, oscillation signal generation method, storage medium and equipment |
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| CN202010665657.5A CN111786634A (en) | 2020-07-11 | 2020-07-11 | Crystal oscillator, oscillation signal generation method, storage medium and equipment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113114235A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-13 | 重庆百瑞互联电子技术有限公司 | Frequency calibration method, device, medium and equipment of resistance type ring oscillator |
| CN115664383A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Amplitude debugging method for ICO (integrated circuit) |
| CN118017938A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 南京创芯慧联技术有限公司 | Digital controlled crystal oscillator circuit, oscillation clock signal generation method and communication chip |
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| CN1277752A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2000-12-20 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Crystal oscillator with AGC and on-chip tuning |
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| CN113114235A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-13 | 重庆百瑞互联电子技术有限公司 | Frequency calibration method, device, medium and equipment of resistance type ring oscillator |
| CN115664383A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Amplitude debugging method for ICO (integrated circuit) |
| CN115664383B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-09-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Amplitude debugging method of current control oscillator ICO |
| CN118017938A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 南京创芯慧联技术有限公司 | Digital controlled crystal oscillator circuit, oscillation clock signal generation method and communication chip |
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