CN111780118A - High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device - Google Patents
High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111780118A CN111780118A CN202010705254.9A CN202010705254A CN111780118A CN 111780118 A CN111780118 A CN 111780118A CN 202010705254 A CN202010705254 A CN 202010705254A CN 111780118 A CN111780118 A CN 111780118A
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- heating
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- plasma
- medical waste
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- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940127554 medical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/14—Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for efficiently recycling and utilizing medical wastes, which mainly comprises a filling opening, an air inlet, a furnace wall, an air outlet, a plasma heating gun, a wire collecting and releasing device, the medical wastes and a support. The heating reaction furnace is cylindrical, and the top and the bottom of the heating reaction furnace are ellipsoidal. The furnace walls are all provided with heat-insulating coatings. The four plasma guns are uniformly distributed at the top of the heating reaction furnace and have a certain inclination angle. The wire winding and unwinding device is positioned on the upper side of the middle of the heating reaction furnace, and the wire moving direction is from left to right. The filling openings are positioned in the middle of the furnace wall of the reaction heating furnace and are respectively arranged on the left and the right. The air inlet is positioned at the lower part of the wall of the reaction heating furnace. The exhaust port is positioned in the middle of the top of the heating reaction furnace. The plasma heating device provided by the invention can decompose the medical waste at high temperature by using a plasma heating mode, can effectively sterilize the medical waste, improves the heating efficiency of the medical waste, has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost, and realizes high-efficiency production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste recycling. In particular to a device for decomposing and recycling medical wastes by using a plasma heating mode.
Background
With the continuous development of national economy, the medical level of China also makes remarkable progress, but the quantity of medical wastes is also increased dramatically. Therefore, the problem of disposal of medical waste remains to be solved. At present, the traditional medical waste treatment methods commonly adopted in China, such as incineration, sterilization and harmless treatment, have a great number of disadvantages. For example, incineration generates a large amount of harmful gases, which imposes a serious burden on the environment. The sterilization treatment needs to use a large amount of disinfectant, the soaking time is long, the next treatment can be carried out after complete sterilization, and a large amount of time, labor and money are wasted. Therefore, a safe, reasonable, resource-saving and sustainable medical waste treatment method is indispensable.
At present, hospitals in China have clear and reasonable medical waste classification regulations, wherein disposable medical products, such as syringes, infusion sets, infusion bottles, blood transfusion sets and other medical plastic products, account for about thirty percent of medical waste and are increased year by year. In view of safety and disposal cost, there is no good way to recycle these wastes. However, the recovery, treatment and rational utilization of these medical wastes will greatly reduce the burden of public expenses in hospitals, and thus can appropriately reduce our medical expenses.
Common medical plastics include Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and the like. These high molecular polymers are decomposed at high temperatures, and the high-temperature treatment can sterilize medical waste effectively, so that the decomposition products can be recovered and utilized safely. The operation of high temperature treatment of medical waste achieves the effect of twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, an integrated device for pyrolysis and recycling of medical wastes is developed, which is of great significance for reasonable treatment and recycling of wastes.
The plasma heating is used as the advanced solid waste treatment method at present, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, high heating speed, high temperature, environmental protection, no pollution and the like. The plasma heating technology is an electric heating mode which is carried out by using energy released when arc energy excites working gas to ionize to form high-temperature plasma and free electrons in the plasma are compounded with positive ions. Therefore, the heating device of the present invention employs a plasma generator.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, medical wastes are more and more, a conventional treatment mode is incomplete in sterilization, certain potential safety hazards can be caused, and meanwhile, a large amount of financial resources and material resources are consumed by the treatment methods, so that great waste is caused to resources. The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned problems and providing a device for efficiently recycling and utilizing medical waste. According to the technology, the medical waste is treated in a plasma heating mode, small molecules of carbon generated by pyrolysis of the medical waste move to fibers at high temperature to form a coating, and renewable clean energy such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like are collected uniformly and can be used for power generation of a motor of the device. In addition, the high temperature generated by the plasma arc furnace kills all microorganisms in the medical waste, destroying toxic drugs and chemicals left in the waste. In conclusion, the medical waste can be safely recycled.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose mainly comprises the following steps: the device comprises a filling opening, an air inlet, a furnace wall, an exhaust opening, a plasma heating gun, a wire winding and unwinding device, medical wastes and a support. Wherein, the heating reaction furnace is cylindrical, and the top and the bottom are ellipsoidal. The furnace walls are all provided with heat-insulating coatings. The four plasma guns are uniformly distributed at the top of the heating reaction furnace and have a certain inclination angle. The wire winding and unwinding device is positioned on the upper side of the middle of the heating reaction furnace, and the wire moving direction is from left to right. The filling openings are positioned in the middle of the furnace wall of the reaction heating furnace (above the air inlet and below the wire feeding device) and are respectively arranged on the left and the right. The air inlet is positioned at the lower part of the wall of the reaction heating furnace. The exhaust port is positioned in the middle of the top of the heating reaction furnace.
The invention provides a device for efficiently recycling and utilizing medical wastes, which collects the medical wastes from hospitals in a fixed-point recycling mode and can realize the safe recycling of the medical wastes. The medical waste can be small medical appliances such as syringes, infusion sets, infusion bottles, blood transfusions and the like, and can also be large plastic products such as waste medical instrument tables, medical instrument shells and the like.
The invention provides a device for efficiently recycling and utilizing medical wastes, which utilizes a plasma heating mode to carry out high-temperature decomposition on the medical wastes, and the plasma heating temperature is controlled to be 300-500 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 300 ℃, the material cannot be completely pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis effect is poor. The pyrolysis temperature of the plastic product is generally lower than about 450 ℃, so that the use cost is reduced by controlling the temperature below 500 ℃. The plasma heating can quickly raise the temperature to the target temperature, so that the medical waste is effectively sterilized, the heating efficiency of the medical waste is improved, and the working efficiency of the device is improved.
The invention provides a device for efficiently recycling and utilizing medical wastes, wherein small molecules of carbon generated by pyrolysis of the medical wastes move to fibers at high temperature to form a coating, and a carbon source can be used for preparing various carbon nano materials such as graphene, carbon nano tubes and the like. The hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other renewable clean energy sources are collected uniformly, and the hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other renewable clean energy sources can be used for generating electricity by the motor of the device, and can also be used for charging automobiles, illuminating lamps of equipment and the like.
The invention provides a device for efficiently recycling and utilizing medical wastes. Medical wastes are collected from a hospital in a fixed-point recovery mode, so that the medical wastes are safely recovered, and the medical wastes are subjected to pyrolysis in a plasma heating mode, so that the medical wastes are effectively sterilized, the heating efficiency of the medical wastes is improved, and the working efficiency of the device is improved. Meanwhile, the device has simple structure and convenient manufacture, is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost and realizing high-efficiency production.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings of the present invention are included to provide a further understanding of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an efficient medical waste recycling device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a filling port, 2-an air inlet, 3-a furnace wall, 4-an air outlet, 5-a plasma heating gun, 6-a wire collecting and releasing device, 7-medical waste and 8-a support.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any modifications made based on the teachings of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
At present, medical wastes are more and more, a conventional treatment mode is incomplete in sterilization, certain potential safety hazards can be caused, meanwhile, a large amount of financial resources and material resources are consumed by the treatment methods, and resources are greatly wasted. Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a plasma heating method for treating medical wastes, small molecules of carbon generated by pyrolysis of the medical wastes move to fibers at high temperature to form a coating, and renewable clean energy such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like are uniformly collected and can be used for power generation of a motor of the device. In addition, the high temperature generated by the plasma arc furnace kills all microorganisms in the medical waste, destroying toxic drugs and chemicals left in the waste. In conclusion, the medical waste can be safely recycled.
The invention provides the following technical scheme for solving the problems: the device of the invention comprises: the device comprises a filling opening (1), an air inlet (2), a furnace wall (3), an exhaust opening (4), a plasma heating gun (5), a wire collecting and releasing device (6), medical wastes (7) and a support (8). Wherein, the heating reaction furnace is cylindrical, and the top and the bottom are ellipsoidal. The furnace walls are all provided with heat-insulating coatings. The four plasma guns are uniformly distributed at the top of the heating reaction furnace and have a certain inclination angle. The wire winding and unwinding device is positioned on the upper side of the middle of the heating reaction furnace, and the wire moving direction is from left to right. The filling openings are positioned in the middle of the furnace wall of the reaction heating furnace (above the air inlet and below the wire feeding device) and are respectively arranged on the left and the right. The air inlet is positioned at the lower part of the wall of the reaction heating furnace. The exhaust port is positioned in the middle of the top of the heating reaction furnace.
The working process of the invention is as follows: firstly, medical waste to be treated is put into a reaction heating furnace from a filling opening (1), the filling opening is closed after the feeding is finished, then nitrogen is introduced into the heating reaction furnace from an air inlet, after the whole device is filled with the nitrogen, a plasma heating gun (6) is opened to start heating, and the medical waste is decomposed at high temperature. And then, opening the filament receiving and releasing device, allowing the fibers to pass through the cavity at a constant speed to receive the carbon source, and discharging and collecting generated gas through an exhaust port (4).
The above examples may help the reader to further understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment and apparatus. Any modification or replacement of the related devices based on the above, and any local adjustment of the related methods based on the above are within the scope of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilize device which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a filling opening, an air inlet, a furnace wall, an exhaust opening, a plasma heating gun, a wire collecting and releasing device, medical wastes and a support; wherein, the heating reaction furnace is cylindrical, and the top and the bottom are ellipsoidal; the furnace walls are provided with heat-insulating coatings; the four plasma guns are uniformly distributed at the top of the heating reaction furnace and have a certain inclination angle; the wire winding and unwinding device is positioned on the upper part of the middle of the heating reaction furnace, and the wire moving direction is from left to right; the filling openings are positioned in the middle of the furnace wall of the reaction heating furnace and are respectively arranged on the left and the right; the air inlet is positioned at the lower part of the wall of the reaction heating furnace; the exhaust port is positioned in the middle of the top of the heating reaction furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010705254.9A CN111780118A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010705254.9A CN111780118A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111780118A true CN111780118A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010705254.9A Pending CN111780118A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111780118A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1528467A (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-15 | 周鼎力 | Method and apparatus for treating medical rejected material |
| CN1616886A (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-05-18 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for cracking organic debris reinforced by plasma and plasma furnace |
| US20120219489A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-08-30 | Northeastern University | Carbon nanostructures from pyrolysis of organic materials |
| CN106118707A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 徐效奇 | Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and method |
| CN107520235A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of non-carbon-emitting processing method of Biohazard Waste |
| US20180245791A1 (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-08-30 | Tony Kiduk Yang | Hospital waste plasma incinerator |
| CN110686245A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Long-life high temperature plasma torch medical waste innocent treatment system |
| CN212618320U (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-02-26 | 北京化工大学 | High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device |
-
2020
- 2020-07-21 CN CN202010705254.9A patent/CN111780118A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1528467A (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-15 | 周鼎力 | Method and apparatus for treating medical rejected material |
| CN1616886A (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-05-18 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for cracking organic debris reinforced by plasma and plasma furnace |
| US20120219489A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-08-30 | Northeastern University | Carbon nanostructures from pyrolysis of organic materials |
| CN106118707A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 徐效奇 | Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and method |
| US20180245791A1 (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-08-30 | Tony Kiduk Yang | Hospital waste plasma incinerator |
| CN107520235A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of non-carbon-emitting processing method of Biohazard Waste |
| CN110686245A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Long-life high temperature plasma torch medical waste innocent treatment system |
| CN212618320U (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-02-26 | 北京化工大学 | High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device |
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