CN111771498A - Machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method for double cropping rice - Google Patents
Machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method for double cropping rice Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of rice planting, and discloses a double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) finishing and controlling the field surface; (2) machine transplanting synchronous fertilization: adjusting the mechanical transplanting depth, and deeply applying the special slow controlled release fertilizer side of the rice near the root system of the rice seedling while transplanting the rice; transplanting seedlings with the depth of 2cm, applying fertilizer with the depth of 3-4 cm from the seedlings and 3-4 cm from the field surface, and using the fertilizer with the amount of 30-50 kg/mu; (3) the special slow and controlled release fertilizer for rice is respectively as follows: the nutrient content N of the special controlled-release fertilizer for early rice is as follows: p2O5：K218-22: 9-11: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 45-55: 30-35: 15-20 parts of; the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for late rice has the nutrient content N: p2O5：K220-24: 7-10: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 40-50: 30-35: 20-25. The method applies fertilizer synchronously through mechanized rice transplanting, and the nutrient requirement of the rice in the growth period can be met by applying fertilizer once during rice transplanting, thereby reducing the fertilizing times, reducing the fertilizer consumption and improving the nutrient utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rice planting, in particular to a double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method.
Background
The double cropping rice is a rice cropping system for planting and harvesting rice in two seasons in one rice field, is an important rice production mode in southern areas of China, occupies about 25% of rice planting area in China, has yield of about 35%, and has important significance for guaranteeing food safety in China. The appearance and development of double cropping rice is a great progress in rice cultivation technology, plays a positive role in improving the multiple cropping index, fully utilizing agricultural resources and the like, and has remarkable effect on increasing the grain yield. Although the average annual output of the national early rice and late rice is lower than that of single cropping rice, the annual output per unit area of double cropping rice is 49.5-61.4% higher than that of single cropping rice, and the planting of double cropping rice has great significance for improving the annual output per unit area and guaranteeing the food safety of China under the large background that the cultivated land area is gradually reduced and the population is gradually increased.
The double cropping rice has a long planting period, the early rice is generally from 3 months to 7 middle ten days, the late rice is from 6 months to 11 months, and a double robbing tension period is arranged in the middle, namely the late rice needs to be ploughed and transplanted in time after the early rice is harvested, the time is only 1 week generally, and cold dew wind is easily encountered in the late rice in the later period due to untimely harvesting and transplanting of the early rice, so that fructification and grouting are influenced. However, most of rural young and old people go out to work in the middle-aged, and most of the old people and children are left at home, so that the labor force is seriously insufficient, the planting rhythm of the double cropping rice cannot be adapted, and the enthusiasm of the double cropping rice is further reduced. In addition, the planting period of the double cropping rice is long, rural labor is in short supply, the double cropping rice is generally fertilized for 4-6 times (2-3 times for each early and late rice) at the current stage, the required labor amount is large, the fertilizer dosage is unreasonable, if the mechanized fertilization is adopted, the special fertilizer formula for the early and late rice suitable for the mechanized condition is lacked, the mechanized fertilization cost is high, and the burden of farmers is increased undoubtedly due to the excessive fertilization times. Meanwhile, excessive chemical fertilizers are applied to farmlands, so that not only is resources wasted, but also unbalanced soil nutrients and soil acidification are caused, nutrient loss causes nitrogen and phosphorus pollution to water, and the stability of an agricultural ecological system is influenced. Therefore, the mechanization and light planting scheme of double cropping rice is researched, and the problems of insufficient labor force, more fertilization times, large fertilizer consumption and the like in double cropping rice production are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide a double-cropping rice machine transplanting side deep fertilization method, which applies fertilizers synchronously through mechanized rice transplanting, can meet the nutrient requirement of rice in the growth period by applying fertilizers once during rice transplanting, reduces the fertilization times, reduces the fertilizer consumption and improves the nutrient utilization rate.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the double cropping rice machine transplanting side deep fertilizing method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing and controlling the field surface: ploughing the field, soaking in flooding water for 1-2 d, and mechanically digging to make the surface of the field clean after ploughing and slowly recover after cutting into furrows, and controlling a thin water layer in the field before transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the water depth is not more than 2.0 cm;
(2) machine transplanting synchronous fertilization: according to the field arrangement condition, adjusting the mechanical transplanting depth, and deeply applying the special slow controlled fertilizer release side of the rice near the root system of the rice seedling while transplanting the rice; transplanting seedlings with the depth of 2cm, applying fertilizer with the depth of 3-4 cm from the seedlings and 3-4 cm from the field surface, and using the fertilizer with the amount of 30-50 kg/mu according to the soil fertility condition and the target yield of rice;
(3) the special slow and controlled release fertilizer for rice is respectively as follows: the nutrient content N of the special controlled-release fertilizer for early rice is as follows: p2O5：K218-22: 9-11: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 45-55: 30-35: 15-20 parts of; the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for late rice has the nutrient content N: p2O5：K220-24: 7-10: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 40-50: 30-35: 20-25.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of carrying out rotary tillage and soaking on the early rice field 7-10 days before transplanting rice seedlings, ploughing 3 days before transplanting rice seedlings, leveling the field surface without impurities, ensuring that the height difference is not more than 3.0 cm, and carrying out mechanical transplanting after depositing for 2-3 days.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of dry spinning and leveling, shallow turning and leveling of the rice field, leveling of the rice field surface without impurities, height difference of no more than 3.0 cm, fine top and coarse bottom, fine without paste, settling for 1-2 days, and then transplanting rice seedlings by a machine. Wherein, the dry spinning leveling and the shallow leveling are used for reducing the mud amount caused by land preparation.
In the invention, the depth of the mud feet is not more than 25 cm after the tillage is leveled, the mud feet are too deep and easy to block during the rice transplanting, and the rice transplanter is difficult to work. The rice transplanting principle is that the rice transplanting is performed in a mode of 'no floating, the shallower the rice transplanting is better', the shallow transplanting is beneficial to tillering of rice, and meanwhile, the relative depth of the fertilizer applicator and the rice transplanting is adjusted to be 1-2 cm.
The fertilizer is deeply buried in soil 3cm and 3cm away from the rice seedlings, the soil automatically covers the fertilizer after rice transplanting, fertilizer loss caused by dissolution of the fertilizer in water on the field surface is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer is kept isolated from the rice seedlings, the rice seedlings are prevented from being burnt, and early growth, quick growth, high yield and stable yield of the rice are promoted.
Preferably, the seedlings are transplanted in the step (3), and meanwhile, fertilizer is deeply buried in soil 3-4 cm far away from the seedlings and 3cm deep from the field surface.
Preferably, for the purposes of the present invention, when fertilizing early rice, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of N: p2O5：K2O20: 10: 18, preparing a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled-release period of 0, 30 and 60d is 5: 3: 2.
preferably, for the purposes of the present invention, when fertilizing late rice, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of N: p2O5：K2O22: 8: ratio of 18In the example, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are prepared, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60d is 4.5: 3.5: 2.
further, the coated nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea or sulfur coated urea.
Further, the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate and calcium superphosphate; the potash fertilizer is one or more of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate.
Furthermore, the fertilizer is 2-5mm granular fertilizer, and is prepared by granulating and compounding different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
Further, the total nutrient content of the fertilizer is 46-50% (to N, P)2O5And K2O is the nutrient).
The fertilizing amount is 70-80% of the N content of the conventional total fertilizing amount, if the calculated fertilizing amount and the transplanting plant spacing are set on the fertilizer applicator, the transplanting synchronous fertilization is carried out, only one fertilization is needed, and 30-50 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu, so that the traditional operation cultivation topdressing link can be reduced, the machine tool reuse efficiency and the operation efficiency can be improved, the fertilizer utilization efficiency can be improved, the rice production can be simplified, the yield and income can be increased, the working efficiency can be improved, the labor for fertilization can be saved, and the cost-saving and efficiency-increasing effects can be very remarkable.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. It is to be understood that the following description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The machine-transplanting side deep fertilizing method for double cropping rice comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing and controlling the field surface: ploughing the field, soaking in flooding water for 1-2 d, and mechanically digging to make the surface of the field clean after ploughing and slowly recover after cutting into furrows, and controlling a thin water layer in the field before transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the water depth is not more than 2.0 cm;
(2) machine transplanting synchronous fertilization: according to the field arrangement condition, adjusting the mechanical transplanting depth, and deeply applying the special slow controlled fertilizer release side of the rice near the root system of the rice seedling while transplanting the rice; transplanting seedlings with the depth of 2cm, applying fertilizer with the depth of 3-4 cm from the seedlings and 3-4 cm from the field surface, and using the fertilizer with the amount of 30-50 kg/mu according to the soil fertility condition and the target yield of rice;
(3) the special slow and controlled release fertilizer for rice is respectively as follows: the nutrient content N of the special controlled-release fertilizer for early rice is as follows: p2O5：K218-22: 9-11: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 45-55: 30-35: 15-20 parts of; the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for late rice has the nutrient content N: p2O5：K220-24: 7-10: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 40-50: 30-35: 20-25.
Wherein, the early season rice field is rotary-tilled and soaked 7-10 days before transplanting rice seedlings, is tilled 3 days before transplanting rice seedlings, is flat in field surface without impurities, has a height difference not more than 3.0 cm, and is mechanically transplanted after 2-3 days of sedimentation. The method comprises the steps of dry spinning and leveling the rice field, shallow ploughing and leveling, reducing the amount of mud caused by soil preparation, leveling the surface of the rice field without impurities, keeping the height difference not more than 3.0 cm, enabling the rice field to be thin at the top and thick at the bottom, enabling the rice field to be thin without being burnt, settling for 1-2 days, and then transplanting rice seedlings by a machine.
The depth of the mud feet after the step (1) is leveled and ploughed is not more than 25 cm, the mud feet are too deep and easy to block during rice transplanting, and the rice transplanter is difficult to work. The rice transplanting principle is that the rice transplanting is not floated, the more shallow the rice transplanting is, the better the rice transplanting is, the shallow rice transplanting is beneficial to tillering of rice, and meanwhile, the relative depth of the fertilizer applicator and the rice transplanting is adjusted to be 1-2cm, and the fertilizer is easy to expose when the rice transplanting is too shallow.
The fertilizer is deeply buried in soil 3-4 cm and 3-4 cm away from the rice seedlings, the soil automatically covers the fertilizer after rice transplanting, fertilizer loss caused by dissolution of the fertilizer in water on the field surface is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer is kept isolated from the rice seedlings, the rice seedlings are prevented from being burnt, and early growth, quick growth, high yield and stable yield of the rice are promoted.
Example 2
And (3) performing double-season early rice machine transplanting fertilization at test points of Gao' an city in Jiangxi province according to the fertilizers and methods selected from (1) to (6), wherein N: p2O5：K2O20: 10: 18 and the nutrient content is 48 percent.
(1) The special formula fertilizer is applied by conventional machine transplanting and topdressing twice, and the dosage is 50 kg/mu (30 kg of base fertilizer, 10kg of tillering fertilizer and 10kg of booting fertilizer);
(2) special formula fertilizer is applied by machine inserting and deep fertilizing, the fertilizing depth is 4cm, and the fertilizing depth is 40 kg/mu;
(3) special formula fertilizer is applied, the machine is inserted deeply, the fertilizing depth is 4cm, and 35 kg/mu is applied;
(4) special formula fertilizer is applied, the machine is inserted deeply, the fertilizing depth is 3cm, and 40 kg/mu is obtained;
(5) special formula fertilizer is applied by machine inserting and deep fertilizing, the fertilizing depth is 5cm, and the fertilizing depth is 40 kg/mu;
(6) the special coated controlled-release fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight: p2O5：K2O20: 10: 18 of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and the N fertilizerThe mass ratio of the medium non-coated nitrogen fertilizer to the coated nitrogen fertilizer in the release period of 30d to the coated nitrogen fertilizer in the release period of 60d is 6: 2: and 2, deeply applying by machine insertion, wherein the fertilizing depth is 4cm and 35 kg/mu.
(1) Yield (kg/hm) of (6)2) As shown in the table below.
Wherein, the yield bias of the fertilizer refers to the crop yield (kg) per mu unit fertilizer (kg) dosage, and is an important index for reflecting the fertilizer yield efficiency in the rice production process. Higher partial yields indicate higher yields of rice harvested with the same amount of fertilizer applied. The high-safety market early rice test point early rice results show that for double-season early rice, the special coated controlled-release formula fertilizer for early rice has an obvious yield increase effect, and the partial productivity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is greatly improved. Wherein, the comparison of (1), (2) and (6) shows that the machine-inserted deep application technology (the fertilizer dosage is reduced by 20 percent when the fertilizer is processed by 2) and the machine-inserted deep application technology is matched with the special coated slow controlled release formula fertilizer for early rice (the fertilizer dosage is reduced by 30 percent when the fertilizer is processed by 6) have the functions of obviously reducing the fertilizer dosage and improving the partial production of the fertilizer; (2) the comparison of the (3) and (6) shows that the application of the special controlled-release fertilizer under the same machine insertion condition is optimal (treatment 6, the yield is not reduced by reducing the fertilizer dosage by 30 percent), and the yield is reduced by reducing the dosage of the non-controlled-release fertilizer (treatment 3); (2) comparison of (4) and (5) shows that the machine-inserted fertilization depth is optimal to be 3 cm.
Example 3
And (3) performing machine transplanting fertilization on the double-cropping late rice on the basis of the test point example 2 in the Gao-an city according to the fertilizers and the methods selected from (1) to (6), wherein the special formula fertilizer comprises N: p2O5：K2O20: 8: 18 and the nutrient content is 48 percent.
(1) The special formula fertilizer is applied by conventional machine transplanting and topdressing twice, and the dosage is 50 kg/mu (30 kg of base fertilizer, 10kg of tillering fertilizer and 10kg of booting fertilizer);
(2) special formula fertilizer is applied by machine inserting and deep fertilizing, the fertilizing depth is 4cm, and the fertilizing depth is 40 kg/mu;
(3) special formula fertilizer is applied, the machine is inserted deeply, the fertilizing depth is 4cm, and 35 kg/mu is applied;
(4) special formula fertilizer is applied, the machine is inserted deeply, the fertilizing depth is 3cm, and 40 kg/mu is obtained;
(5) special formula fertilizer is applied by machine inserting and deep fertilizing, the fertilizing depth is 5cm, and the fertilizing depth is 40 kg/mu;
(6) the special coated controlled-release fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight: p2O5：K2O22: 8: 18, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer not coated in the N fertilizer, the coated nitrogen fertilizer in the release period of 30 days to the coated nitrogen fertilizer in the release period of 60 days is 5: 3: and 2, deeply applying by machine insertion, wherein the fertilizing depth is 4cm and 35 kg/mu.
(1) Yield (kg/hm) of (6)2) As shown in the table below.
Wherein, the yield bias of the fertilizer refers to the crop yield (kg) per mu unit fertilizer (kg) dosage, and is an important index for reflecting the fertilizer yield efficiency in the rice production process. Higher partial yields indicate higher yields of rice harvested with the same amount of fertilizer applied. The high-safety market test point late rice results show that for double-cropping late rice, the special coated controlled-release formula fertilizer for late rice has an obvious yield increase effect, and the partial productivity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is greatly improved. Wherein, the comparison of (1), (2) and (6) shows that the machine-inserted deep application technology (the fertilizer dosage is reduced by 20 percent when the fertilizer is processed by 2) and the machine-inserted deep application technology is matched with the special coated slow controlled release formula fertilizer for early rice (the fertilizer dosage is reduced by 30 percent when the fertilizer is processed by 6) have the functions of obviously reducing the fertilizer dosage and improving the partial production of the fertilizer; (2) the comparison of the (3) and (6) shows that the application of the special controlled-release fertilizer under the same machine insertion condition is optimal (treatment 6, the yield is not reduced by reducing the fertilizer dosage by 30 percent), and the yield is reduced by reducing the dosage of the non-controlled-release fertilizer (treatment 3); (2) comparison of (4) and (5) shows that the machine-inserted fertilization depth is optimal to be 3 cm.
Example 4
The selected fertilizer and the formula are respectively selected according to (1) to (5) at the test points of Chongren county in Fuzhou city of Jiangxi provinceThe method is used for double-season early rice and late rice machine transplanting fertilization, wherein N in the special formula fertilizer for the early rice is: p2O5：K2O20: 10: 18, nutrient content 48%; the special formula fertilizer for late rice comprises N: p2O5：K2O22: 8: 18 and the nutrient content is 48 percent. In the early rice coated slow controlled release special formula fertilizer, N: p2O5：K2O20: 10: 18, the nutrient content is 48%, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled release periods of 0, 30 and 60d is 5: 3: 2; in the special late rice coated slow-release and controlled-release fertilizer formula, N: p2O5：K2O22: 8: 18, the nutrient content is 48%, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled release periods of 0, 30 and 60d is 4.5: 3.5: 2.
(1) the special formula fertilizer is applied by a conventional machine, the early rice and late rice are fertilized twice respectively, the dosage of the early rice fertilizer is 50 kg/mu (30 kg of base fertilizer, 10kg of tillering fertilizer and 10kg of booting fertilizer), and the dosage of the late rice fertilizer is 60 kg/mu (30 kg of base fertilizer, 20kg of tillering fertilizer and 10kg of booting fertilizer);
(2) the special formula fertilizer is applied with 70 percent of fertilizer application amount at one time according to the method (the fertilizer application depth is 4cm) of the embodiment 1, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 35 kg/mu of early rice and 42 kg/mu of late rice;
(3) the special formula fertilizer is applied according to the method of example 1 (the fertilizing depth is 4cm), wherein 60% of fertilizing amount and 10% of fertilizing amount are deeply applied on the machine transplanting side, and the fertilizing amount is applied in the booting stage, 35 kg/mu of early rice and 42 kg/mu of late rice;
(4) coating slow-release special formula fertilizer, applying 70% of fertilizer application amount at one time according to the method of example 1 (the fertilizer application depth is 4cm), wherein the fertilizer application amount is 35 kg/mu for early rice and 42 kg/mu for late rice;
(5) the special coated controlled-release formula fertilizer is applied with a fertilizing amount of 60 percent at one time according to the depth of the machine-transplanting side of the method (the fertilizing depth is 4cm) of example 1, wherein the fertilizing amount is 30 kg/mu of early rice and 36 kg/mu of late rice.
(1) Yield (kg/hm) of (5)2) As shown in the table below.
Wherein, the yield bias of the fertilizer refers to the crop yield (kg) per mu unit fertilizer (kg) dosage, and is an important index for reflecting the fertilizer yield efficiency in the rice production process. Higher partial yields indicate higher yields of rice harvested with the same amount of fertilizer applied. Test results of Chongren county double cropping rice show that under the condition of machine transplanting side deep fertilization, the yield of double cropping rice is obviously reduced by 30% of the fertilizer dosage (treatment 2 and treatment 3 are compared with treatment 1), the yield is not reduced by 30% of the fertilizer dosage by adopting the rice special controlled-release formula fertilizer and combining the machine transplanting side deep fertilization technology, the partial productivity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is obviously improved (treatment 4 is compared with treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3), the fertilizer dosage is reduced by 40%, and the yield is only reduced by 4.1% (treatment 5). Meanwhile, if a machine-transplanting side deep fertilization technology is not adopted, the yield of the double cropping rice is greatly reduced by 30% of the fertilizer consumption, and is reduced by 20% -30%. Therefore, the machine-inserted side deep fertilization technology provided by the invention has an obvious yield increase effect by matching with the special coated controlled-release formulated fertilizer, greatly improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the partial productivity of the fertilizer, reduces the fertilization times and the dosage, and is beneficial to the whole-process mechanized development of rice.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, which is intended to cover any variations, equivalents, or improvements therein, which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A machine-transplanting side deep fertilizing method for double cropping rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finishing and controlling the field surface: ploughing the field, soaking in flooding water for 1-2 d, and mechanically digging to make the surface of the field clean after ploughing and slowly recover after cutting into furrows, and controlling a thin water layer in the field before transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the water depth is not more than 2.0 cm;
(2) machine transplanting synchronous fertilization: according to the field arrangement condition, adjusting the mechanical transplanting depth, and deeply applying the special slow controlled fertilizer release side of the rice near the root system of the rice seedling while transplanting the rice; transplanting seedlings with the depth of 2cm, applying fertilizer with the depth of 3-4 cm from the seedlings and 3-4 cm from the field surface, and using the fertilizer with the amount of 30-50 kg/mu according to the soil fertility condition and the target yield of rice;
(3) the special slow and controlled release fertilizer for rice is respectively as follows: the nutrient content N of the special controlled-release fertilizer for early rice is as follows: p2O5：K218-22: 9-11: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 45-55: 30-35: 15-20 parts of; the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for late rice has the nutrient content N: p2O5：K220-24: 7-10: 17-19, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer proportion in the controlled release period of 0, 30 and 60 days is 40-50: 30-35: 20-25.
2. The machine-transplanted side deep fertilization method of double cropping rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises rotary tillage and soaking of the rice field 7-10 days before transplanting rice seedlings, tillage 3 days before transplanting rice seedlings, leveling of the field surface without impurities, height difference not more than 3.0 cm, and machine-transplanted rice after 2-3 days of sedimentation.
3. The double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises the steps of dry spinning and leveling, shallow leveling, leveling without impurities, no more than 3.0 cm of height difference, fine top and coarse bottom, fine and not pasty, and machine-transplanting after 1-2 days of settling.
4. The machine-transplanting side deep fertilizing method for double cropping rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling transplanting in step (3) is carried out while the fertilizer side is deeply buried in the soil 3-4 cm and 3cm deep from the seedling.
5. The double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method as recited in claim 1, wherein when fertilizing early rice, the fertilizer is applied according to a ratio of N: p2O5：K2O20: 10: 18, preparing a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled-release period of 0, 30 and 60d is 5: 3: 2.
6. the double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method as recited in claim 1, wherein when fertilizing late rice, the fertilizer is applied in a ratio of N: p2O5：K2O22: 8: 18, preparing a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled-release period of 0, 30 and 60d is 4.5: 3.5: 2.
7. the double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the coated nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea or sulfur coated urea.
8. The double cropping rice machine transplanting side deep fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, calcium superphosphate; the potash fertilizer is one or more of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate.
9. The double cropping rice machine transplanting side deep fertilization method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is 2-5mm granular fertilizer, and is prepared by granulating and compounding different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
10. The double cropping rice machine-transplanting side deep fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the total nutrient content in the fertilizer is 46-50%.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112154881A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-01 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Water-control seedling-promoting method after rice machine transplanting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112154881A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-01 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Water-control seedling-promoting method after rice machine transplanting |
| CN112939680A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Double-cropping rice machine transplanting fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN115316096A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for reducing ammonia loss of rice field by side deep fertilization |
| CN115316096B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-08-18 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for reducing ammonia loss of paddy field by side deep fertilization |
| CN117158172A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-12-05 | 新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司 | Rice side deep fertilization method |
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