CN106888659A - Paddy rice single-dose application method - Google Patents
Paddy rice single-dose application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106888659A CN106888659A CN201710108840.3A CN201710108840A CN106888659A CN 106888659 A CN106888659 A CN 106888659A CN 201710108840 A CN201710108840 A CN 201710108840A CN 106888659 A CN106888659 A CN 106888659A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000013278 single fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000001 growth retardation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of paddy rice single-dose application method, including two kinds of fertilization modes：The first fertilization mode is that the deep two shallow bar ditch of " V " type one are provided between adjacent rows paddy rice, and slow-release or control-release fertilizer is applied in zanjon, and quick-acting fertilizer is applied in shallow ridges；The slow-release or control-release fertilizer is designated as 35 with quick-acting fertilizer applicating ratio by nitrogen quantity:1；Second fertilization mode is that an inclined-plane ditch is opened between adjacent rows paddy rice, and it is 35 then to be applied in inclined-plane ditch by nitrogen quantity note weight ratio:1 slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer；Slow-release time proportioning is 40 days, 60 days, 90 days in slow-release or control-release fertilizer.It is combined with controlled-releasing compounding fertilizer deep placement using shallow the applying of quick-acting fertilizer, meets rice at whole growth periods nutritional need, single-dose application, without topdressing；Combined with shallow ridges using zanjon and inclined-plane fertilization method is realized single fertilization.According to the machine transplanting of rice and the live seedling growth feature of machine, shallow-layer fertilizer ensures fertility early stage nutrition supply, and deep layer fertilizer ensures fertility middle and later periods nutrition supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, a kind of specifically paddy rice single-dose application method.
Background technology
One of important channel of increasing production of rice is exactly lift-augmented mechanism.Whole world grain yield sharp rises over nearly 50 years,
Partly cause just has benefited from the increase of fertilizer particularly nitrogenous fertilizer input.Current China rice field single cropping nitrogen fertilizer amount average out to 180kg/
hm2, 75% is higher by than world unit area consumption.Due to nitrogen application mainly use labor statement applying method, single fertilization, easily
Cause field face nitrogen concentration too high, the problems such as burn seedlings, fertilizer loss be serious and late growth stage of rice fertilizer lacks occur, therefore at present
Split application method is generally used, it is not only time-consuming to take a lot of work, and volatilization, denitrification, table due to the ammonia in soil-water system
Surface current mistake and seepage effect etc. cause a large amount of losses of nitrogenous fertilizer, cause utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer relatively relatively low.In order to ensure that paddy rice is steady
Under the conditions of product, the purpose that rice green increases production and improves productivity is realized, the research and development of novel rice fertilizing method seem and are even more important.Current paddy rice
The mechanized farming such as live area of transplanting, machine increases trend in quick, and different layers are used while the machine transplanting of rice and live machine
Sustained-controll-release fertiliser fertilizer practice is to improve one of maximally effective approach of nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice utilization rate.The time of infertility with the rice shoot machine transplanting of rice or
The live single-dose application of machine, no longer imposes fertilizer, realize rice field dart transfer, fertilizer efficiently utilize, the purpose of environmentally friendly high yield.
At present, there are rice transplanter and seed-sowing machine with fertilization system, can be while rice mechanical transplanting or live machine
Buried fertilizer is realized, fertilizer utilization efficiency can be improved.Because the depth in incorporation of fertilizerin the soil is more single, paddy growth is in early days
Root system is earlier above, it is difficult to be effectively absorbed to nutrient, causes the early seedling that rises of growth slower, and growth retardation causes early hair tiller growth to receive
Resistance, influences big fringe to be formed, so as to influence yield.Fertilizer nutrient supply simultaneously does not meet paddy growth demand rule, can not meet
Rice at whole growth periods nutritional need.It is time-consuming laborious so stilling need repeatedly to impose fertilizer, it is ensured that nutrient stable market supply, no
The purpose of time of infertility single-dose application can be reached.
The Chinese patent application file of publication number CN103922853A (application number 201410175904.8) provides one kind
By resin be coated composite fertilizer, resin be coated diamines, resin be coated potassium chloride answered from the resin-bonded grinding wheel of different release rates
Slow-release compound fertilizer with obtained suitable rice mechanical transplanting, fertilizer is directly manured into soil at 3-5cm with rice shoot, but still needs to impose tiller
Fertilizer.The Chinese patent application file of publication number CN103396243A (application number 201310344054.5) discloses a kind of whole one
Controlled release fertilizer special for cotton that secondary property is applied and its preparation method and application, make use of coated fertilizer and granulated boric fertilizer, zinc fertilizer to carry out
Compounding is obtained, and fertilizer directly burrows when transplanting and is applied to seedling trophosome bottom, whole single fertilization, without topdressing, but
This fertilizer belongs to fertilizer special for cotton, and there is water layer in field face during rice transplanting, and the method is simultaneously not suitable for rice mechanization operation.Publication number
The Chinese patent application file of CN201182072Y (application number 200820089772.7) provides a kind of gas-blowing type side subsoil application
Rice transplanter device, is blown out fertilizer using gas from fertilizer delivering pipe, it is to avoid defertilizing opening is blocked；Publication number CN103931318A
The Chinese patent application file of (application number 201410108410.8) provides a kind of rice mechanical transplanting site-directed quantitative deep fertilizing device,
Using in the mud that airgun principle directly squeezes near rice shoot granular urea, it is to avoid fertilizer delivering pipe and mud contacts, it is fixed to reach
Point, the quantitative, effect of deep fertilizer spraying.Patent disclosed above can only realize the single level deep fertilizer spraying of paddy rice, it is impossible to meet paddy rice different
Period nutritional need, especially paddy growth early stage also need manually to topdress, and increased artificially applying fertilizer cost.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the problem that above-mentioned technology is present, there is provided a kind of paddy rice single-dose application method.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of paddy rice single-dose application method, including two kinds applied
Fertile mode：
The first fertilization mode is that the deep two shallow bar ditch of " V " type one are provided between adjacent rows paddy rice, is applied in zanjon
Slow-release or control-release fertilizer, applies quick-acting fertilizer in shallow ridges；The slow-release or control-release fertilizer is designated as 3-5 with quick-acting fertilizer applicating ratio by nitrogen quantity:1；
Second fertilization mode is that an inclined-plane ditch is opened between adjacent rows paddy rice, is then applied in inclined-plane ditch and remembered by nitrogen quantity
Weight ratio is 3-5:1 slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer；
Slow-release time proportioning is 40 days, 60 days, 90 days in the slow-release or control-release fertilizer.
Further, the slow-release or control-release fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 22:7:7, the quick-acting fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 15:15:
15。
Further, the slow controlled release proportioning of the machine transplanting of rice is：It is sustained within 40 days：It is sustained within 60 days：90 days sustained releases=30%：40%：30%.
Further, the live slow controlled release proportioning of machine is：It is sustained within 40 days：It is sustained within 60 days：90 days sustained releases=30%：50%：
20%.
Further, during the machine transplanting of rice, in second fertilization mode, slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer weight ratio are 3:1.
Further, when machine is live, in second fertilization mode, slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer weight ratio are 5:1.
Further, the zanjon depth is 15cm, a width of 15cm suitable for reading；The shallow ridges depth is 5cm, 3cm wide suitable for reading.
Further, the inclined-plane ditch is chamfer type, and depth is 15cm, and bottom angle is 25 degree
The method have the benefit that：
(1) it is combined with controlled-releasing compounding fertilizer deep placement using shallow the applying of quick-acting fertilizer, meets rice at whole growth periods nutritional need, once
Fertilising, without topdressing；
(2) combined with shallow ridges using zanjon and inclined-plane fertilization method is realized single fertilization.According to the machine transplanting of rice and the live seedling of machine
Seedling growth characteristic, shallow-layer fertilizer ensures fertility early stage nutrition supply, and deep layer fertilizer ensures fertility middle and later periods nutrition supply；
(3) there is provided the machine transplanting of rice and the live single-dose application fertilizer formula of machine；
(4) fertilizer nutrient release is consistent with the nutrient demand of paddy growth.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also
Other accompanying drawings are obtained with according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the first fertilization mode trench digging schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is second fertilization mode trench digging schematic diagram of the invention；
1 slow-release fertilizer fertilizer box in figure, 2 rollers, 3 defertilizing tubes, 4 are driven zanjon device, 5 drive shallow ridges device, 6 paddy rice, 7 quick-acting fat
Case, 8 fertilizer box, 9 inclined-plane ploughs.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The first realizes that paddy rice single fertilization is double ditch fertilisings, and double ditch fertilisings are installed out additional in existing rice transplanter and seed-sowing machine
Device.Ditching-fertilizing device as shown in figure 1, mainly contain slow-release or control-release fertilizer fertilizer box 1 and quick-acting fertilizer fertilizer box 7, fertilizer respectively by one group
Wheel 2, defertilizing tube 3 and ditching device composition.Ditching device by one group of " V " font for opening zanjon and shallow ridges plough device 4 and open
Shallow ridges device 5 is constituted, zanjon depth 15cm, 15cm wide suitable for reading, shallow ridges plough 5cm wide suitable for reading, lower mouth 3cm wide, deep 3cm.Double ditches
Fertilising can realize slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer separate administration, and applicating ratio is designated as 3-5 by nitrogen quantity:1.The slow-release or control-release fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus
Potassium ratio is 22:7:7, quick-acting fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 15:15:15.Matched by slow-release time in slow-release or control-release fertilizer, totally three kinds of slow controls
Release time i.e. 40,60,90 days.The slow controlled release of the machine transplanting of rice matches and is：It is sustained within 40 days：It is sustained within 60 days：90 days sustained releases=30%：40%：
30%；The live slow controlled release of machine matches and is：It is sustained within 40 days：It is sustained within 60 days：90 days sustained releases=30%：50%：20%.Slow-release or control-release fertilizer is applied
Enter and realize deep placement in zanjon, it is ensured that Rice Growing middle and later periods nutrition supply.Quick-acting fertilizer applies shallow in shallow ridges applying, it is ensured that rice tillering
Early stage nutrition supply.So as to realize rice at whole growth periods single-dose application.
Embodiment 2
Realize that paddy rice single fertilization applies fertilizer for inclined-plane for second, inclined-plane ditch spread is installed out additional in existing rice transplanter and seed-sowing machine
Fertile device.Open valley ferigation component such as Fig. 2, mainly by the fertilizer box 8 of splendid attire slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer mixed fertilizer, roller 2,
Defertilizing tube 3 is constituted with inclined-plane ditch device is opened.The section of inclined-plane plough 9 of inclined-plane ditch is opened for right angled triangle, plough bottom folder
Angle is 25 degree, and right-angle side is ditching depth 15cm, and it is in 65 degree domatic that can so output one, and fertilizer is just applied on domatic, is covered
After mud, fertilizer is just along domatic distribution, and the fertilizer buried depth near rice seedlings annex is just shallow, away from rice seedlings fertilizer buried depth just
It is deep, so both ensured rice tillering early stage nutrition supply, also ensure that the middle and late growth stage nutrition supply.So as to realize that paddy rice gives birth to entirely
Educate phase single-dose application.And fertilizer distribution meets Root Growth of Rice feature, bundle under root system can be also induced.Second one in the present invention
Secondary property fertilizer applications, slow-release or control-release fertilizer mixes administration with quick-acting fertilizer.The slow-release or control-release fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 22:7:7, quick-acting fertilizer nitrogen
Phosphorus potassium proportion is 15:15:15.Slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer ratio, machine transplanting of rice mode are 3:1, machine direct-seeding is 5:1.Slow controlled release
Matched by slow-release time in fertilizer, totally three kinds of slow controlled release periods are 40,60,90 days.The slow controlled release of the machine transplanting of rice matches and is：It is sustained within 40 days：60
Its sustained release：90 days sustained releases=30%：40%：30%；The live slow controlled release of machine matches and is：It is sustained within 40 days：It is sustained within 60 days：It is sustained within 90 days
=30%：50%：20%.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific terminology) have with art of the present invention in those of ordinary skill general understanding identical meaning.Should also
Understand, those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that the meaning having with the context of prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, will not be with idealizing or excessively formal implication be explained.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：The part in device in embodiment can be according to embodiment description point
It is distributed in the device of embodiment, it is also possible to carry out respective change and be disposed other than in one or more devices of the present embodiment.On
Stating the part of embodiment can merge into a part, it is also possible to be further split into multiple subassemblies.
It should be noted last that：Above example is only used to illustrative and not limiting technical scheme, although ginseng
The present invention has been described in detail according to above-described embodiment, it will be apparent to an ordinarily skilled person in the art that：Still can be to this
Invention is modified or equivalent, any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and its is equal
Should cover in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of paddy rice single-dose application method, it is characterised in that including two kinds of fertilization modes：
The first fertilization mode is that the deep two shallow bar ditch of " V " type one are provided between adjacent rows paddy rice, and slow control is applied in zanjon
Fertilizer is released, quick-acting fertilizer is applied in shallow ridges；The slow-release or control-release fertilizer is designated as 3-5 with quick-acting fertilizer applicating ratio by nitrogen quantity:1；
Second fertilization mode is that an inclined-plane ditch is opened between adjacent rows paddy rice, is then applied in inclined-plane ditch and remembers weight by nitrogen quantity
Than being 3-5:1 slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer；
Slow-release time proportioning is 40 days, 60 days, 90 days in the slow-release or control-release fertilizer.
2. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the slow-release or control-release fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is
22:7:7, the quick-acting fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 15:15:15.
3. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the slow controlled release proportioning of the machine transplanting of rice is：It is sustained within 40 days：
It is sustained within 60 days：90 days sustained releases=30%：40%：30%.
4. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the live slow controlled release proportioning of machine is：Delay within 40 days
Release：It is sustained within 60 days：90 days sustained releases=30%：50%：20%.
5. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during the machine transplanting of rice, second fertilization mode
In, slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer weight ratio are 3:1.
6. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when machine is live, second fertilising side
In formula, slow-release or control-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer weight ratio are 5:1.
7. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the zanjon depth is 15cm, width suitable for reading
It is 15cm；The shallow ridges depth is 5cm, 3cm wide suitable for reading.
8. paddy rice single-dose application method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inclined-plane ditch is chamfer type, depth
It is 15cm, bottom angle is 25 degree.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108781673A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 湖南农业大学 | The method applied Controlled Release Fertilizer and improve early rice yield is synchronized by the machine transplanting of rice |
| CN108849332A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-23 | 湖南农业大学 | The method for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice |
| CN108934859A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-07 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | The disposable rhizosphere positioning of rice lures the profound fertilising yield-increasing cultivation method of root |
| CN109548434A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-02 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | The synchronous rice transplanting fertilizer applicator of rice rice transplanting fertilizing method synchronous with rice |
| CN111771498A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-16 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method for double cropping rice |
| CN112119727A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2020-12-25 | 扬州大学 | Method for applying nitrogen to mechanically-transplanted rice in whole growth period by one-time formula |
| CN112119850A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2020-12-25 | 扬州大学 | Planting method for direct-seeding rice nitrogen-saving one-time fertilization |
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| CN105052645A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-18 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Efficient rice cultivation method for achieving double-side double-depth classification fertilizing and double-row mechanical transplanting on ridge |
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