CN111642427A

CN111642427A - Loach rice field breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN111642427A
Application number: CN202010550488.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王武刚; 米海峰; 张璐; 李宝圣; 文远红; 陈文典; 尹恒
Original assignee: Tianjin Tongwei Forage Co ltd; Tongwei Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Tongwei Forage Co ltd; Tongwei Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-16
Filing date: 2020-06-16
Publication date: 2020-09-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding loaches in a rice field and a technique for polyculture of the loaches in the rice field. The scheme is provided aiming at the problems that the feeding is inflexible and the breeding yield is influenced in the breeding method in the prior art. Digging culture ditches around the inner sides of the ridges, and paving anti-escape nets on the side walls of the ridges close to the culture ditches; a water inlet, a water outlet and an overflow port are respectively formed in two sides of the ridge; the anti-escape net is respectively attached to the positions of the water inlet, the water outlet and the port of the overflow port. The lower end of the escape-proof net is buried underground, and the upper end of the escape-proof net is provided with a rotary bird-proof net; and feeding frames with adjustable opening degrees of feeding ports are uniformly arranged in the culture ditch at intervals. The advantage lies in, can improve the utilization ratio in paddy field, can prevent that the loach from escaping or by the bird predation. The convenient material of throwing can reduce and throw the material number of times. Be equipped with the regulation cover on spherical base's outer wall, the diameter of first discharge gate can be adjusted to the rotatory regulation cover to satisfy the input needs of different diameter fodder, application range is wide.

Description

Loach rice field breeding method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology for polyculture of loaches in a rice field, in particular to a method for culturing the loaches in the rice field.

Background

Loaches are high-protein and low-fat aquatic products, have tender meat quality and rich nutrition, are delicious dishes, have higher dietary therapy value and are really good in the reputation of 'ginseng in water'. Loaches are intercropped in the rice field, the loaches can eat aquatic insects and pests in the rice field and pollen fallen from rice ears, the feed intake is properly reduced, meanwhile, the rice diseases and insect pests are reduced, the rice does not use pesticides, and the excrement of the loaches can provide nutrition for the rice, so that pollution-free rice and loach products can be produced. The ecological intercropping mode does not reduce the rice yield, and can increase the yield of high-quality commercial loaches per mu, thereby achieving the effect of dual purposes of one water and two harvests per field. The rice planting area in China is large, the rice seed area reaches more than 17 hundred million mu every year, the loach intercropping mode in the rice field is widely applied, and the income increasing benefit is quite huge. According to the method for intercropping loaches by rice in the prior art, the yield of high-quality loaches is low, the yield of the high-quality loaches per mu is only 108.2kg, the yield is not high enough, and the existing feeding device is complicated in structure and is not suitable for loach culture in a rice field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a loach rice field breeding method to solve the problems in the prior art.

The invention relates to a loach rice field breeding method, which comprises the following steps: s1, processing the rice soil; s2, ditching and net distributing; s3, stocking and preparing; s4, selecting loach fries; s5, feeding the feed; s6, harvesting and fishing; the step S2 specifically includes: digging culture ditches around the inner sides of the ridges, and paving anti-escape nets on the side walls of the ridges close to the culture ditches; a water inlet, a water outlet and an overflow port are respectively formed in two sides of the ridge; the anti-escape net is respectively attached to the positions of the water inlet, the water outlet and the port of the overflow port. The lower end of the escape-proof net is buried underground, and the upper end of the escape-proof net is provided with a rotary bird-proof net; and S3, uniformly and alternately placing feeding frames with adjustable opening of feeding ports in the culture ditch.

One side of the bird-proof net is fixedly connected with a hinged rod, one end of the hinged rod is fixedly connected with a sleeve, and the sleeve is movably connected with the supporting shaft; the supporting shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the anti-escape net; one side of the sleeve pipe far away from the hinged rod is provided with a notch.

The feeding frame comprises a fixed column, a movable plate and a material containing basket; the material containing basket is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the movable plate, and the fixed column penetrates through the movable plate; the lower end of the fixed column is fixedly connected with a positioning block, and the upper end of the fixed column is fixedly connected with a limiting block; guide holes are symmetrically formed in the two ends of the movable plate and are movably connected with the fixed columns; a feeding port is formed in the center of the movable plate, and the edge of the feeding port is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material containing basket; arc-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the feeding port, and the lower surface of the movable plate is fixedly connected with a foam plate; the lower end of the material containing basket is connected with a spherical base, the lower end of the spherical base is provided with a first discharge hole, the outer wall of the spherical base is sleeved with an adjusting cover, the central position of the inner bottom of the adjusting cover is fixedly connected with a rotating column, and the rotating column penetrates through the spherical base; the lower end of the adjusting cover is provided with a second discharge hole; the lateral wall of the upper end of the adjusting cover is symmetrically connected with a supporting frame, the upper end of the supporting frame penetrates through the arc-shaped groove and is connected with a locking bolt in a meshing manner.

In the step S1, impurities in the rice field are adsorbed by the heavy metal ion adsorbent, and heavy metal ions in the rice field are adsorbed; the heavy metal ion adsorbent is prepared by mixing carbon powder, dry seaweed powder, citric acid, mineral powder, an oxidant and a flocculating agent according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1: 1.

In the step S3, after rice is transplanted for 5 days, soybean milk or amino acid fertilizer is splashed into the culture ditch, and the culture is carried out for 5-7 days; and placing the feeding frames at intervals of 3-5m in the culture ditch, and placing 2-3 jin of loach special material into the feeding frames.

In the step S5, 2-3 jin of special loach feed is thrown into the feed throwing frame every 3 days in the first week after the loach fries are thrown, the number of the feed throwing frames is gradually reduced, and meanwhile, the bait in the feed throwing frames is gradually increased; finally, guiding the loach seeds to a relatively fixed cultivation ditch; feeding for 1 time every 1-2 days after one month of cultivation; and putting the microzyme and the EM bacteria into the culture ditch once every 15 to 20 days.

In the step S6, after loaches are stocked for 3 months, the loaches are fished as long as the average length of the loaches is 10 cm; gradually reducing the water level in the rice field, digging a deep groove in the culture groove, and forcing the loaches to be concentrated in the deep groove; and (3) placing an eel catching cage in the deep groove to catch the loaches in the evening.

The method for culturing the loaches in the rice field has the advantages that the culture ditches are dug in one week of the rice field, so that the rice and the loaches are cultured in a mixed mode, and the utilization rate of the rice field is improved. Before breeding, the situation that loaches escape or are preyed by birds can be prevented through the anti-escape net and the bird prevention net. And the bird prevention net can rotate around the support shaft, and can be opened, so that the material can be conveniently thrown. In addition, the loach feeding frame is used for feeding loaches, so that the feeding times can be reduced. The lower surface fixedly connected with cystosepiment of fly leaf, cystosepiment float at the water surface, reciprocate along with the water level. After comprehensive improvement, the yield per mu of high-quality loaches can reach 134.8 kg. In addition, the adjusting cover is arranged on the outer wall of the spherical base, and the diameter of the first discharge hole can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting cover, so that the feeding requirements of feeds with different diameters are met, and the application range is wide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the loach paddy field breeding method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a rice field of the loach rice field cultivation method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of the anti-escape net structure of the loach paddy field cultivation method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a feeding frame of the loach paddy field breeding method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a movable plate structure view of the loach paddy field cultivation method of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a material containing basket of the loach paddy field breeding method of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a structural view of an adjusting cover of the loach paddy field cultivation method of the invention.

In the figure: 1. a rice field; 2. ridging; 21. a water inlet; 22. a water outlet; 23. an overflow port; 3. a culture ditch; 4. an anti-escape net; 41. a support shaft; 42. a bird net; 421. a hinged lever; 422. a sleeve; 423. a notch; 5. a feeding frame; 51. fixing a column; 511. positioning blocks; 512. a limiting block; 52. a movable plate; 521. a guide hole; 522. a feeding port; 523. an arc-shaped slot; 524. a foam board; 53. a material containing basket; 531. a spherical base; 532. a first discharge port; 533. an adjustment cover; 5331. turning the column; 5332. a second discharge port; 5333. a support frame; 5334. and locking the bolt.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, a method for breeding loaches in a rice field includes the following steps:

s1, rice soil treatment: the rice field 1 with sufficient water source, good water retention, good ecological environment, no pollution source around and abundant water is selected. Ploughing and fertilizing the paddy field 1 by 35-50cm, and sterilizing the paddy field 1 by using quick lime. Meanwhile, impurities in the rice field 1 are adsorbed by the heavy metal ion adsorbent, and heavy metal ions in the rice field 1 are adsorbed. The heavy metal ion adsorbent is prepared by mixing carbon powder, dry seaweed powder, citric acid, mineral powder, an oxidant and a flocculating agent according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1: 1. Heavy metals in the rice field 1 are removed through the heavy metal adsorbent, and soil quality of the rice field 1 and a culture environment of the loaches are improved.

S2, ditching and net distributing: heightening and widening the ridge 2, and digging culture ditches 3 around the inner side of the ridge 2. An anti-escape net 4 is laid on the side wall of the ridge 2 close to the culture ditch 3. The two sides of the ridge 2 are respectively provided with a water inlet 21, a water outlet 22 and an overflow port 23. The anti-escape net 4 is respectively attached to the port positions of the water inlet 21, the water outlet 22 and the overflow port 23, and plays a role of a barrier. The lower end of the anti-escape net 4 is buried in the ground by 10-15cm, and the upper end is fixedly connected with a support shaft 41. The supporting shaft 41 is hinged with an anti-bird net 42. One side of the bird-preventing net 42 is fixedly connected with a hinge bar 421. One end of the hinge rod 421 is fixedly connected with a sleeve 422. The sleeve 422 is movably connected with the support shaft 41. The side of the sleeve 422 away from the hinge rod 421 is provided with a notch 423. The sleeve 422 and the support shaft 41 can be installed through the notch 423, so that the bird-preventing net 42 can be conveniently disassembled and assembled. Simultaneously, the bird prevention net 42 can rotate around the support shaft 41, the bird prevention net 42 can be opened, and feeding is convenient. The two ends of bird net 42 are connected by overlapping.

S3, stocking and preparing: after 5 days of rice transplanting, soybean milk or amino acid fertilizer is splashed into the culture ditch 3. The aquatic organisms favored by the loaches can be cultured for 5-7 days to accelerate the propagation. A feeding frame 5 is arranged in the culture ditch 3 at intervals of 3-5 m. 2-3 jin of special loach feed is put into the feeding frame 5. The feeding frame 5 comprises a fixed column 51, a movable plate 52 and a material containing basket 53. The material containing basket 53 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the movable plate 52. The fixed column 51 penetrates the movable plate 52. The lower end of the fixed column 51 is fixedly connected with a positioning block 511. The upper end of the fixed column 51 is fixedly connected with a limit block 512. The positioning block 511 is a conical structure and is convenient to be inserted into the culture ditch 3. The fixed column 51 functions to fix the moving path of the movable plate 52. The movable plate 52 has guide holes 521 symmetrically formed at both ends thereof. The guiding hole 521 is movably connected with the fixing column 51. The movable plate 52 moves up and down on the fixed column 51 through the guide hole 521, and a feeding port 522 is opened at the center of the movable plate 52. The edge of the feeding opening 522 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material containing basket 53. Bait can be poured through the feed opening 522 into the basket 53. Arc-shaped grooves 523 are formed on two sides of the feeding port 522. A foam plate 524 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 52. The foam board 524 floats on the water surface, moving up and down with the water level. The lower end of the material containing basket 53 is connected with a spherical base 531. The lower end of the spherical base 531 is provided with a first discharge hole 532. The outer wall of the spherical base 531 is sleeved with an adjusting cover 533. A rotation post 5331 is fixedly connected to a central position of an inner bottom of the adjustment cap 533. The rotating post 5331 penetrates the ball-shaped base 531. The adjustment cap 533 can be rotated on the outer wall of the ball-type base 531 by the rotation post 5331. The lower extreme of adjusting cover 533 has seted up second discharge gate 5332, and second discharge gate 5332 matches with first discharge gate 532 position case. When the second discharging hole 5332 is rotated to a position corresponding to the first discharging hole 532, the first discharging hole 532 is completely opened. When second spout 5332 is rotated to be misaligned with first spout 532, the diameter of first spout 532 may be adjusted. The side walls of the upper end of the adjusting cover 533 are symmetrically connected with supporting frames 5333. The upper end of the support frame 5333 penetrates the arc-shaped groove 523 and is engaged with a locking bolt 5334. The adjustment cover 533 can be rotated from the upper end by the support bracket 5333, and the position of the adjustment cover 533 is fixed by the lock bolt 5334.

S4, selecting loach fries: the seedlings need to buy wild loach seedlings which have fast swimming, no damage to the epidermis, no diseases and 3-4cm long. When transporting the seeds, care is taken not to hurt the seeds, the seeds are drenched by salt water after being transported to the pond, and then the seeds are released into the culture ditch 3.

S5, feeding feed: and in the first week after the loach fries are put in, 2-3 jin of special loach feed is put in the feeding frame 5 every 3 days. And then gradually reducing the number of the feeding frames 5, simultaneously gradually increasing the baits in the feeding frames 5, and finally guiding the loach seeds to the relatively fixed culture ditches 3. And after one month of cultivation, feeding for 1 time every 1-2 days. In the culture process, the diameter of the bait is gradually transited from 3mm to 8 mm. By rotating the adjustment cap 533, the diameter of the first discharge hole 532 is adjusted to meet the increase of the bait diameter. And (3) once every 15-20 days, biological agents such as saccharomycetes, EM (effective microorganisms) and the like are put into the culture ditch 3 to improve the water quality environment.

S6, harvesting and catching: from stocking loaches to catching, the loaches need about 3 to 5 months, and the loaches can be caught and sold on the market as long as the loaches grow to 10 cm. Gradually reducing the water level in the rice field 1, digging a deep groove in the culture groove 3 to force the loaches to be concentrated in the deep groove, and placing an eel catching cage in the deep groove to catch the loaches in the evening.

In summary, the following steps: according to the loach rice field cultivation method, the cultivation ditch 3 is dug in one week of the rice field 1, rice and loaches are mixedly cultivated, and the utilization rate of the rice field 1 is improved. Before cultivation, the soil quality of the rice field 1 is improved through fertilization, disinfection and heavy metal adsorption, and the yield and the value of the rice field 1 can be increased. Can prevent through anti-escape net 4 and prevent that the condition that the loach fled and run or was preyed by the bird takes place for bird net 42, and prevent that bird net 42 can rotate around back shaft 41, can open and prevent bird net 42, conveniently throw the material. In addition, the loach feeding frame 5 is used for feeding loaches, the feeding times can be reduced, the foam board 524 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 52, and the foam board 524 floats on the water surface and moves up and down along with the water level. In addition, the adjusting cover 533 is arranged on the outer wall of the spherical base 531, and the diameter of the first discharge hole 532 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting cover 533, so that the feeding requirements of feeds with different diameters are met, and the application range is wide.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loach paddy field breeding method comprises the following steps: s1, processing the rice soil; s2, ditching and net distributing; s3, stocking and preparing; s4, selecting loach fries; s5, feeding the feed; s6, harvesting and fishing;

it is characterized in that the step S2 specifically includes: digging culture ditches (3) around the inner sides of the ridges (2), and paving anti-escape nets (4) on the side walls of the ridges (2) close to the culture ditches (3); a water inlet (21), a water outlet (22) and an overflow port (23) are respectively formed in two sides of the ridge (2); the anti-escape net (4) is respectively jointed with the port positions of the water inlet (21), the water outlet (22) and the overflow port (23). The lower end of the anti-escape net (4) is buried underground, and the upper end is provided with a rotary bird-proof net (42);

and step S3, material feeding frames (5) with opening-adjustable material feeding ports are uniformly and alternately placed in the culture ditch (3).

2. The loach paddy field cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein one side of the bird prevention net (42) is fixedly connected with an articulated rod (421), one end of the articulated rod (421) is fixedly connected with a sleeve (422), and the sleeve (422) is movably connected with the support shaft (41); the supporting shaft (41) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the anti-escape net (4); one side of the sleeve (422) far away from the hinged rod (421) is provided with a notch (423).

3. The loach paddy field cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the feeding frame (5) comprises a fixed column (51), a movable plate (52) and a holding basket (53); the material containing basket (53) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the movable plate (52), and the fixed column (51) penetrates through the movable plate (52); the lower end of the fixed column (51) is fixedly connected with a positioning block (511), and the upper end of the fixed column (51) is fixedly connected with a limiting block (512); guide holes (521) are symmetrically formed in two ends of the movable plate (52), and the guide holes (521) are movably connected with the fixed column (51); a feeding port (522) is formed in the center of the movable plate (52), and the edge of the feeding port (522) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material containing basket (53); arc-shaped grooves (523) are formed in the two sides of the feeding port (522), and the lower surface of the movable plate (52) is fixedly connected with a foam plate (524); the lower end of the material containing basket (53) is connected with a spherical base (531), the lower end of the spherical base (531) is provided with a first material outlet (532), the outer wall of the spherical base (531) is sleeved with an adjusting cover (533), the central position of the inner bottom of the adjusting cover (533) is fixedly connected with a rotating column (5331), and the rotating column (5331) penetrates through the spherical base (531); the lower end of the adjusting cover (533) is provided with a second discharge hole (5332); the side wall of the upper end of the adjusting cover (533) is symmetrically connected with a support frame (5333), the upper end of the support frame (5333) penetrates through the arc-shaped groove (523) and is connected with a locking bolt (5334) in a meshing manner.

4. The method for raising loach in a paddy field according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is to adsorb impurities in the paddy field (1) by a heavy metal ion adsorbent to adsorb heavy metal ions in the paddy field (1); the heavy metal ion adsorbent is prepared by mixing carbon powder, dry seaweed powder, citric acid, mineral powder, an oxidant and a flocculating agent according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1: 1.

5. The method for breeding loach in paddy field according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is carried out by sprinkling soybean milk or amino acid fertilizer into the breeding furrows (3) 5 days after transplanting rice, and culturing for 5-7 days; the feeding frame (5) is arranged in the culture ditch (3) at intervals of 3-5m, and 2-3 jin of loach special material is put into the feeding frame (5).

6. The method for breeding the loaches in the paddy field according to claim 5, wherein in the step S5, 2-3 jin of the loach special material is thrown into the feeding frame (5) every 3 days in the first week after the loach fries are thrown, the number of the feeding frames (5) is gradually reduced, and meanwhile, the bait in the feeding frames (5) is gradually increased; finally, guiding the loach seeds to a relatively fixed breeding ditch (3); feeding for 1 time every 1-2 days after one month of cultivation; and (3) putting the microzyme and the EM bacteria into the culture ditch (3) once every 15 to 20 days.

7. The method for breeding loaches in a paddy field according to claim 6, wherein in the step S6, the loaches are harvested when the loaches grow to 10cm on average 3 months after stocking; gradually reducing the water level in the rice field (1), digging a deep groove in the culture groove (3) and forcing the loaches to be concentrated in the deep groove; and (3) placing an eel catching cage in the deep groove to catch the loaches in the evening.