CN111567677A - Fish meal substitute for prawn culture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fish meal substitute for prawn culture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567677A CN111567677A CN202010384615.4A CN202010384615A CN111567677A CN 111567677 A CN111567677 A CN 111567677A CN 202010384615 A CN202010384615 A CN 202010384615A CN 111567677 A CN111567677 A CN 111567677A
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- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(C)N)C=C1 NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930064664 L-arginine Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014852 L-arginine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940032049 enterococcus faecalis Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000186606 Lactobacillus gasseri Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 101001076687 Lactobacillus gasseri Inulosucrase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194033 Enterococcus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007918 pathogenicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
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- NTNWOCRCBQPEKQ-YFKPBYRVSA-N N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine Chemical group CN=C(N)NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NTNWOCRCBQPEKQ-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound vitamin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004626 essential fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036186 satiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019627 satiety Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/24—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/145—Gasseri
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fish meal substitute for prawn culture and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture. The fish meal substitute comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-20 parts of rice protein powder, 5-10 parts of corn protein powder, 10-20 parts of chicken powder, 6-15 parts of puffed blood powder, 3-7 parts of puffed feather powder, 2-5 parts of L-arginine, 1-4 parts of lysine, 3-7 parts of fish oil, 1-4 parts of soybean lecithin and 1-3 parts of microecological bactericide. The raw material selected by the substitute of the invention has stable source, no toxicity and pathogenicity to prawns, simple production process and low price, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a fish meal substitute for prawn culture and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing living standard, the requirements of people on food are increased from the past level of solving the problem of satiety to the level of delicious and rich nutrition, and aquatic food is favored by many people due to the rich nutrient components. The traditional fishing production can not meet the requirements of people, and the yield obtained by artificial breeding is dominant. The prawn is one of the most important species for culturing shell-fish animals in the world and is also an important branch of aquaculture in China. The prawn culture gradually changes from the traditional extensive type to the intensive industrial culture nowadays, and the requirements on the yield and the quality of the artificial compound feed are higher and higher.
The fish meal is a main protein source of aquatic feed due to the fact that the fish meal is rich in essential amino acid and essential fatty acid required by fish growth, low in carbohydrate content, good in palatability and free of anti-nutritional factors. On one hand, the society has increasing demand for aquatic products, which makes the fish meal raw material insufficient; on the other hand, the rapid development of aquaculture industry has increased the demand of fish meal, which leads to the rapid surge of the price of fish meal. The fish meal content in the general feed is from 5% to 50%, and other protein sources are substituted for the fish meal, so that the method is an ultimate method for reducing the breeding cost and solving the environmental and ecological problems caused by shortage of fish meal resources and excessive fishing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fish meal substitute for prawn culture and a preparation method thereof, and the fish meal substitute has the effects of improving the digestion and absorption of prawns and promoting the growth of the prawns.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-20 parts of rice protein powder, 5-10 parts of corn protein powder, 10-20 parts of chicken powder, 6-15 parts of puffed blood powder, 3-7 parts of puffed feather powder, 2-5 parts of L-arginine, 1-4 parts of lysine, 3-7 parts of fish oil, 1-4 parts of soybean lecithin and 1-3 parts of microecological bactericide.
Further, the microecological bactericide is a mixture of lactobacillus gasseri, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the weight ratio of the lactobacillus gasseri to the bacillus subtilis to the enterococcus faecalis is 1.5-2.5: 1-1.5: 1-1.5.
Further, the number of colonies of the Lactobacillus gasseri is 2 × 109-7×109CFU/g, the colony number of the bacillus subtilis is 1 × 109-3×109CFU/g, colony number of enterococcus faecalis 1 × 109-2×109CFU/g。
The preparation method of the fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing rapeseed meal, rice protein powder, corn protein powder, chicken powder, puffed blood powder and puffed feather powder, crushing and sieving;
step 2, mixing L-arginine, lysine and microecological agent;
and 3, fully and uniformly mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1, the mixed material obtained in the step 2, the fish oil and the soybean lecithin in a mixer, adding a proper amount of distilled water, uniformly kneading, and granulating to obtain the substitute.
Further, the crushed materials in the step 1 are sieved by a sieve with 80 to 100 meshes.
Furthermore, the amount of the distilled water in the step 3 is 10-20% of the weight of the mixture.
The invention selects animal protein and plant protein to be compounded as a compound protein source to replace fish meal protein, and has the effects of high protein content and balanced amino acid; the addition of L-arginine and lysine further improves the requirement of essential amino acid; the composite microecological preparation consisting of the lactobacillus gasseri, the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis is selected, and can promote gastrointestinal digestion and enhance the organism immunity of prawns. The raw material selected by the substitute of the invention has stable source, no toxicity and pathogenicity to prawns, simple production process and low price, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications or substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The experimental methods and reagents of the formulations not specified in the examples are in accordance with the conventional conditions in the art.
Example 1
A fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of rice protein powder, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 10 parts of chicken powder, 6 parts of puffed blood powder, 3 parts of puffed feather meal, 2 parts of L-arginine, 1 part of lysine, 3 parts of fish oil, 1 part of soybean phospholipid and 1 part of microecological bactericide.
The microecological bactericide is a mixture of lactobacillus gasseri, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the weight ratio of the lactobacillus gasseri, the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis is 1.5: 1: 1, wherein the colony number of the lactobacillus gasseri is 3 × 109CFU/g, the colony number of the bacillus subtilis is 2 × 109CFU/g, colony number of enterococcus faecalis 1 × 109CFU/g。
The preparation method of the fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing rapeseed meal, rice protein powder, corn protein powder, chicken powder, puffed blood powder and puffed feather powder, crushing and sieving with a sieve of 80-100 meshes for later use;
step 2, mixing L-arginine, lysine and microecological agent;
and 3, fully and uniformly mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1, the mixed material obtained in the step 2, fish oil and soybean lecithin in a mixer, adding 10% distilled water, kneading uniformly, extruding particles with the diameter of 1-2mm by using a double-helix extruding machine, and then placing in a 50 ℃ drying oven for drying to obtain the substitute.
Example 2
A fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of rapeseed meal, 13 parts of rice protein powder, 7 parts of corn protein powder, 16 parts of chicken powder, 9 parts of puffed blood powder, 4 parts of puffed feather meal, 3 parts of L-arginine, 2 parts of lysine, 4 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid and 1 part of microecological bactericide.
The microecological bactericide is a mixture of lactobacillus gasseri, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the weight ratio of the lactobacillus gasseri, the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis is 1.7: 1.2: 1, wherein the colony number of the lactobacillus gasseri is 5 × 109CFU/g, the colony number of the bacillus subtilis is 1 × 109CFU/g, colony number of enterococcus faecalis 1 × 109CFU/g。
The preparation method of the fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing rapeseed meal, rice protein powder, corn protein powder, chicken powder, puffed blood powder and puffed feather powder, crushing and sieving with a sieve of 80-100 meshes for later use;
step 2, mixing L-arginine, lysine and microecological agent;
and 3, fully and uniformly mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1, the mixed material obtained in the step 2, fish oil and soybean lecithin in a mixer, adding 10% distilled water, kneading uniformly, extruding particles with the diameter of 1-2mm by using a double-helix extruding machine, and then placing in a 50 ℃ drying oven for drying to obtain the substitute.
Example 3
A fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of rapeseed meal, 16 parts of rice protein powder, 8 parts of corn protein powder, 13 parts of chicken powder, 11 parts of puffed blood powder, 5 parts of puffed feather powder, 3 parts of L-arginine, 2 parts of lysine, 4 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid and 1 part of microecological bactericide.
The microecological bactericide is a mixture of lactobacillus gasseri, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the weight ratio of the lactobacillus gasseri, the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis is 2.5: 1: 1.5, wherein the colony number of the lactobacillus gasseri is 2 × 109CFU/g, the colony number of the bacillus subtilis is 3 × 109CFU/g, colony number of enterococcus faecalis 2 × 109CFU/g。
The preparation method of the fish meal substitute for prawn culture comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing rapeseed meal, rice protein powder, corn protein powder, chicken powder, puffed blood powder and puffed feather powder, crushing and sieving with a sieve of 80-100 meshes for later use;
step 2, mixing L-arginine, lysine and microecological agent;
and 3, fully and uniformly mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1, the mixed material obtained in the step 2, fish oil and soybean lecithin in a mixer, adding 20% distilled water, kneading uniformly, extruding particles with the diameter of 1-2mm by using a double-helix extruding machine, and then placing in a 50 ℃ drying oven for drying to obtain the substitute.
Example 4
Application of fish meal substitute in prawn culture
Taking prawn fries, temporarily culturing in the early stage, and selecting healthy prawns with uniform individual size to carry out culture experiment, wherein the initial weight is 0.22 +/-0.1 g. Randomly dividing into 20 breeding barrels, and dividing each breeding barrel into 30 prawns, wherein the breeding test is divided into 2 groups: control and surrogate groups, each group of 5 replicates. The control group was fed commercial feed and the substitute group was fed feed in which 100% of the fish meal was replaced by the substitute prepared in examples 1-3. The daily feeding amount is 8 to 10 percent of the biological total amount of the prawns in the barrel, the prawns are fed for 4 times every day, and the feeding time is respectively 07: 00. 11: 00. 16: 00. 21: 00, the feeding amount is respectively 30%, 20% and 30% of the total feeding amount on the day. The specific feeding amount is adjusted every day according to the feeding condition and weather condition of the penaeus vannamei boone, and the feed is ensured to be fully eaten within 30min to 60 min.
The commercial feed comprises the following components: every 100g of feed contains: 22g of fish meal, 7g of shrimp shell meal, 6g of squid viscera powder, 11g of peanut meal, 12g of soybean meal, 26g of flour, 11g of corn starch, 1.5g of compound vitamin, 1.5g of compound mineral and 2g of compound premix.
After 8 weeks of culture experiments are finished, the shrimps are starved for 24 hours, each barrel of the shrimps is counted, weighed and then 6 to 8 shrimps are taken out for routine analysis. Randomly taking out 15 tail parts from each barrel, extracting hemolymph from prawn pericardial cavity with sterile syringe, storing in centrifuge tube, standing at 4 deg.C overnight, centrifuging at 8000rpm for 1min, collecting supernatant, storing in refrigerator at-80 deg.C, and determining nonspecific immunity index.
After the experiment was completed, the results were as follows:
TABLE 1 growth conditions
TABLE 2 immunological index determination
The results show that the fish meal substitute has no influence on the growth performance of the prawns, improves the immunity of organisms, saves fish meal resources and greatly reduces the feed cost.
Claims (6)
1. A fish meal substitute for prawn culture is characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-20 parts of rice protein powder, 5-10 parts of corn protein powder, 10-20 parts of chicken powder, 6-15 parts of puffed blood powder, 3-7 parts of puffed feather powder, 2-5 parts of L-arginine, 1-4 parts of lysine, 3-7 parts of fish oil, 1-4 parts of soybean lecithin and 1-3 parts of microecological bactericide.
2. The fish meal substitute for prawn farming according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microecological bactericide is a mixture of lactobacillus gasseri, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the weight ratio of the lactobacillus gasseri to the bacillus subtilis to the enterococcus faecalis is 1.5-2.5: 1-1.5: 1-1.5.
3. The fish meal substitute for prawn culture as claimed in claim 2, wherein the colony number of said Lactobacillus gasseri is 2 × 109-7×109CFU/g, the colony number of the bacillus subtilis is 1 × 109-3×109CFU/g, colony count of enterococcus faecalis1×109-2×109CFU/g。
4. The method for preparing the fish meal substitute for prawn culture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing rapeseed meal, rice protein powder, corn protein powder, chicken powder, puffed blood powder and puffed feather powder, crushing and sieving;
step 2, mixing L-arginine, lysine and microecological agent;
and 3, fully and uniformly mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1, the mixed material obtained in the step 2, the fish oil and the soybean lecithin in a mixer, adding a proper amount of distilled water, uniformly kneading, and granulating to obtain the substitute.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) sieving the crushed materials in the step (1) by a sieve of 80-100 meshes.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the amount of the distilled water is 10-20% of the weight of the mixture.
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Application publication date: 20200825 |