CN111448957A - Organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium - Google Patents

Organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111448957A
CN111448957A CN202010336974.2A CN202010336974A CN111448957A CN 111448957 A CN111448957 A CN 111448957A CN 202010336974 A CN202010336974 A CN 202010336974A CN 111448957 A CN111448957 A CN 111448957A
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organic
selenium
rich
tomatoes
water
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CN202010336974.2A
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杨伟
王磊
王小炜
朱定祥
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Jiangsu Dede Health Industry Co ltd
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Jiangsu Dede Health Industry Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010336974.2A priority Critical patent/CN111448957A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic planting method of cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium, which comprises the following steps of seed soaking, germination accelerating, seeding and seedling raising, seedling management, land preparation, fertilization, field planting, field management and pest control, wherein the cherry tomatoes are planted by the method, so that the obtained cherry tomatoes are good in quality and taste; the method is simple and low in cost, and can effectively prevent and treat insect pests and diseases; the method can effectively increase the selenium content of the tomatoes, relatively reduce the loss of the selenium fertilizer and improve the utilization rate of the selenium fertilizer; the soil pollution caused by applying the selenium fertilizer is avoided, and the soil can be fertilized; the traditional selenium-rich tomato planting process is simplified, the labor input is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium
Technical Field
The invention relates to an organic planting method of cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium.
Background
Cherry tomatoes are also called cherry tomatoes and small tomatoes, are fruit-type small tomatoes which can be eaten directly, are fresh, tender and juicy in taste, are sweet and delicious in taste, are increasingly popular with the masses and gradually become novel fruits favored by people. The cherry tomato contains nutrient components such as sugar, organic acid, mineral substances, multiple vitamins and the like, particularly contains VC necessary for human bodies, has the content 1.7 times that of common tomatoes, is an unavailable 'fruit and vegetable', is a main source of lycopene in human diet, is deeply favored by people, and is one of four fruits preferentially popularized by grain and agriculture organizations of the United nations because of the effects of delaying senility, enhancing resistance, promoting development, resisting cancer, preventing cancer and the like. In recent years, with the development of leisure agriculture, the popularity of sightseeing and picking, the market demand of cherry tomatoes is increased day by day, and the planting area is larger and larger. In view of the characteristics of cherry tomatoes that are suitable for fresh eating or ready-to-eat after picking, two major factors of safety and good mouthfeel become especially important. Among the safety standards of a plurality of agricultural products, the organic standard is strict, and the organic standard gives consideration to environmental protection and food safety at the same time, so that consumers are relatively approved and relieved. In addition, selenium is one of essential nutrient elements for human body, and various diseases of the body are related to selenium deficiency (such as keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, cancer, anemia and the like), but excessive selenium intake has toxic effect on the human body. Research shows that selenium in food less than 0.05 mg/kg causes selenium deficiency of human body; poisoning phenomena can be generated when the concentration is more than 3-5 mg/kg; the safe range is between 0.1 and 0.36 mg/kg. The food is the main source of selenium for human bodies, the selenium content of the food produced on the selenium-rich soil is high, and the selenium content of the food produced on the low-selenium soil is often low, so that the requirement of the human bodies cannot be met. Therefore, the production of cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium has a great space in the future health market.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention solves the problems that: the organic planting method for the cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium is rich in nutritional value, good in taste and few in malformed fruits.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium comprises the following steps:
s1, seed soaking and germination accelerating: soaking tomato seeds in warm water while stirring; soaking in water at a low temperature, taking out seeds, cleaning, wrapping with wet cloth, taking out, sowing on the prepared seed bed, spraying a layer of sawdust on the surface of the seed bed after sowing, and spraying water until the sawdust is slightly wet; carrying out moisture preservation and ventilation treatment;
s2, sowing and seedling raising: after the seeds are exposed to the white, sowing the seeds on a seedbed with a seedling culture substrate; keeping the seedbed moist, watering the seedbed with clear water once every morning and afternoon, and watering 500 times of EM microbial inoculum once according to the substrate surface moist to prevent various diseases in the seedling stage;
s3, seedling management: the seedling period of the cherry tomatoes is 20-30 days, topdressing is carried out in the seedling period, and diluted biogas slurry is applied once every 5-7 days, so that the principle of multiple application of thin fertilizers is followed;
s4, soil preparation, fertilization and field planting: transplanting after 30-35 days of sowing, and cultivating in high ridges; before field planting, applying organic fertilizer, uniformly spreading the organic fertilizer on the surface of the ridge, fully mixing the organic fertilizer with soil, and preparing land and raking the land; planting two rows in each ridge, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted plants is 50 x 50 cm;
s5, field management, namely after field planting and seedling delaying, watering the inside and outside ditches once to permeate water, then intertillage, watering and topdressing when the first cluster fruits reach the size of corn kernels, after 10 days, topdressing according to the growth situation of the tomatoes, applying 30kg of organic fertilizer each time, adding water according to the proportion of 1:50 for fermentation for 2 days, taking the supernatant for drip irrigation or water flushing, after the cherries and the tomatoes bloom, spraying an organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer to the leaf surfaces of the tomatoes, wherein the spraying selenium content of the organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is 20 g/L, diluting 70-100 ml of the organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer by 400 times, and spraying twice to obtain the tomatoes rich in organic selenium;
s6, pest control: the insect-proof net or window screen is installed to prevent the damage of pests and yellow plate aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum and liriomyza.
Further, in the step S1, the tomato seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 ℃ for 10 min while stirring; after the water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, the temperature is kept for soaking for 6 hours, and then the seeds are fished out.
Further, in the step S2, the seedling substrate comprises 70% of coconut coir, 20% of vermiculite and 10% of thoroughly decomposed components.
Further, in the step S4, the furrow width is 1.0-1.2 m, wherein the furrow width is 0.4-0.5 m, and the furrow depth is 0.3-0.4 cm; applying 6-8 t/mu of organic fertilizer before field planting, specifically, uniformly mixing 120 kg/mu of biological fertilizer and 12.5 kg/mu of soil purifying agent, uniformly scattering the mixture on the surface of a furrow, and fully mixing the mixture with soil.
Further, in the step S6, the plant diseases and insect pests are controlled through the fermented Sanan plant protective agent, the fermentation process includes the steps of selecting an open ground, digging a pool which is 1.5 meters wide, × 2 meters wide and × meters long, and × 0.8.8 meters deep, paving an agricultural film in the pool, fermenting according to the standard that the plant protective agent is water = 1: 15, keeping the water depth in the pool to be 0.4-0.6m, erecting bamboo pieces on the fermentation pool to form an arch, covering the agricultural film on the fermentation pool to form a heating fermentation pool, adding water in a ratio of 1:50 times, placing the fermentation pool in a nonmetal container for soaking and fermenting for 24-72 hours, stirring for 3-4 times every day when soaking is carried out, keeping the temperature of the fermentation water to be above 25 ℃, when fine bubbles are distributed on the surface and have sour taste, or testing, keeping the ph to be 4.2-4.6, keeping the ph to be 3.8-4.2, keeping the plant protective agent from being fermented, spraying the supernatant liquor after the fermentation is finished, and keeping the spraying for strong day time after the fermentation is carried out, and keeping the spraying for 7-10 days.
The invention has the advantages of
By adopting the method to plant the tomatoes, the obtained cherry tomatoes have good quality and taste; the method is simple and has low cost. The method can effectively increase the selenium content of the tomatoes, relatively reduce the loss of the selenium fertilizer and improve the utilization rate of the selenium fertilizer; the soil pollution caused by applying the selenium fertilizer is avoided, and the soil can be fertilized; the traditional selenium-rich tomato planting process is simplified, the labor input is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
An organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium comprises the following steps:
s1, seed soaking and germination accelerating: soaking tomato seeds in warm water while stirring; soaking in water at a low temperature, taking out seeds, cleaning, wrapping with wet cloth, taking out, sowing on the prepared seed bed, spraying a layer of sawdust on the surface of the seed bed after sowing, and spraying water until the sawdust is slightly wet; carrying out moisture preservation and ventilation treatment; soaking tomato seeds in warm water of 55 deg.C for 10 min while stirring; after the water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, the temperature is kept for soaking for 6 hours, and then the seeds are fished out.
S2, sowing and seedling raising: after the seeds are exposed to the white, sowing the seeds on a seedbed with a seedling culture substrate; keeping the seedbed moist, watering the seedbed with clear water once every morning and afternoon, and watering 500 times of EM microbial inoculum once according to the substrate surface moist to prevent various diseases in the seedling stage; the seedling substrate comprises 70% of coconut chaff, 20% of vermiculite and 10% of decomposed materials.
S3, seedling management: the seedling period of the cherry tomatoes is 20-30 days, the additional fertilizer is applied in the seedling period, and the diluted biogas slurry is applied once every 5-7 days, so that the principle of multiple application of thin fertilizer is followed.
S4, soil preparation, fertilization and field planting: transplanting after 30-35 days of sowing, and cultivating in high ridges; before field planting, applying organic fertilizer, uniformly spreading the organic fertilizer on the surface of the ridge, fully mixing the organic fertilizer with soil, and preparing land and raking the land; planting two rows in each ridge, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted plants is 50 x 50 cm; the furrow width is 1.0-1.2 m, wherein the furrow width is 0.4-0.5 m, and the furrow depth is 0.3-0.4 cm; applying 6-8 t/mu of organic fertilizer before field planting, specifically, uniformly mixing 120 kg/mu of biological fertilizer and 12.5 kg/mu of soil purifying agent, uniformly scattering the mixture on the surface of a furrow, and fully mixing the mixture with soil.
And S5, field management, namely after field planting and seedling delaying, watering the inside and outside ditches once for water permeation, then intertillage, watering and topdressing when the first cluster fruit reaches the size of corn kernels, after 10 days, topdressing according to the growth condition of the tomatoes, adding water for fermentation for 2 days according to the proportion of 1:50 for 30kg of organic fertilizer each time, taking the supernatant for drip irrigation or water flushing, spraying an organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer to the leaf surfaces of the tomatoes after the cherries and the tomatoes bloom, wherein the selenium content of the organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is 20 g/L, diluting 70-100 ml of the organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer by 400 times, and spraying twice to obtain the organic selenium-rich tomatoes.
S6, pest control, namely installing an insect-proof net or window screen which can effectively prevent pest damage, installing yellow plates for sticking aphids, whitefly and liriomyza, controlling the pest through the fermented three-ampere plant protective agent, wherein the fermentation process comprises the steps of selecting open ground, digging a pool with the width of 1.5 meters and the length of × 2 meters and the length of × 0.8 and 0.8 meter, paving an agricultural film in the pool, fermenting according to the standard that the plant protective agent is water = 1: 15, keeping the water depth in the pool at 0.4-0.6m, erecting the fermentation pool by using bamboo chips into an arch, covering the agricultural film on the fermentation pool to form a heating fermentation pool, adding water in a ratio of 1:50 times into a non-metal container for soaking and fermenting for 24-72 hours, stirring for 3-4 times every day during soaking, keeping the temperature of the fermentation pool at more than 25 ℃, distributing fine bubbles on the surface, testing acidity, testing the acidity, controlling the ph at 4.2-4.6, avoiding the ph at 3.8-4.2, spraying the plant protective agent at the afternoon, and spraying the fermentation for strong sunshine after the fermentation time of 10 days.
By adopting the method to plant the tomatoes, the diseases and insect pests are effectively prevented, and the obtained cherry tomatoes have good quality and taste; the method is simple and has low cost. The method can effectively increase the selenium content of the tomatoes, relatively reduce the loss of the selenium fertilizer and improve the utilization rate of the selenium fertilizer; the soil pollution caused by applying the selenium fertilizer is avoided, and the soil can be fertilized; the traditional selenium-rich tomato planting process is simplified, the labor input is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (5)

1. An organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, seed soaking and germination accelerating: soaking tomato seeds in warm water while stirring; soaking in water at a low temperature, taking out seeds, cleaning, wrapping with wet cloth, taking out, sowing on the prepared seed bed, spraying a layer of sawdust on the surface of the seed bed after sowing, and spraying water until the sawdust is slightly wet; carrying out moisture preservation and ventilation treatment;
s2, sowing and seedling raising: after the seeds are exposed to the white, sowing the seeds on a seedbed with a seedling culture substrate; keeping the seedbed moist, watering the seedbed with clear water once every morning and afternoon, and watering 500 times of EM microbial inoculum once according to the substrate surface moist to prevent various diseases in the seedling stage;
s3, seedling management: the seedling period of the cherry tomatoes is 20-30 days, topdressing is carried out in the seedling period, and diluted biogas slurry is applied once every 5-7 days, so that the principle of multiple application of thin fertilizers is followed;
s4, soil preparation, fertilization and field planting: transplanting after 30-35 days of sowing, and cultivating in high ridges; before field planting, applying organic fertilizer, uniformly spreading the organic fertilizer on the surface of the ridge, fully mixing the organic fertilizer with soil, and preparing land and raking the land; planting two rows in each ridge, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted plants is 50 x 50 cm;
s5, field management, namely after field planting and seedling delaying, watering the inside and outside ditches once to permeate water, then intertillage, watering and topdressing when the first cluster fruits reach the size of corn kernels, after 10 days, topdressing according to the growth situation of the tomatoes, applying 30kg of organic fertilizer each time, adding water according to the proportion of 1:50 for fermentation for 2 days, taking the supernatant for drip irrigation or water flushing, after the cherries and the tomatoes bloom, spraying an organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer to the leaf surfaces of the tomatoes, wherein the spraying selenium content of the organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is 20 g/L, diluting 70-100 ml of the organic selenium-rich foliar fertilizer by 400 times, and spraying twice to obtain the tomatoes rich in organic selenium;
s6, pest control: the insect-proof net or window screen is installed to prevent the damage of pests and yellow plate aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum and liriomyza.
2. The organic planting method for organic selenium-rich cherry tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the tomato seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 ℃ for 10 min while stirring; after the water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, the temperature is kept for soaking for 6 hours, and then the seeds are fished out.
3. The organic planting method for the organic selenium-rich cherry tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the components and the mixture ratio of the seedling substrate are 70% of coconut coir, 20% of vermiculite and 10% of rotten materials.
4. The organic planting method for the organic selenium-rich cherry tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the furrows are 1.0-1.2 m wide, the furrows are 0.4-0.5 m wide, and the furrows are 0.3-0.4 cm deep; applying 6-8 t/mu of organic fertilizer before field planting, specifically, uniformly mixing 120 kg/mu of biological fertilizer and 12.5 kg/mu of soil purifying agent, uniformly scattering the mixture on the surface of a furrow, and fully mixing the mixture with soil.
5. The organic planting method of organic selenium-rich cherry tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic planting method of organic selenium-rich cherry tomatoes is characterized in that in step S6, diseases and insect pests are controlled by means of fermented three-ampere plant protection agents, the fermentation process comprises the steps of selecting an open ground, digging a 1.5-meter wide pond with a width of × 2 meters and a length of × 0.8 and 0.8 meter deep, paving an agricultural film in the pond, fermenting according to the plant protection agent water = 1: 15 standard, keeping the water depth in the pond at 0.4-0.6m, erecting bamboo sheets on the fermentation pond into an arch shape, covering the agricultural film on the fermentation pond to form a temperature-increasing fermentation pond, adding water in a proportion of 1:50 times, soaking and fermenting in a nonmetal container for 24-72 hours while avoiding stirring 3-4 times per day, keeping the temperature of the fermentation water at 25 ℃ or above, distributing fine air bubbles on the surface, having a sour taste, or testing the ph at 4.2-4.6, preventing diseases at 3.8-4.2, completing the fermentation of the plant protection agent fermentation, spraying clear liquid at four days after the fermentation is carried out, and spraying the supernatant for 10 days and preventing insects at the day after the fermentation time of the four.
CN202010336974.2A 2020-04-26 2020-04-26 Organic planting method for cherry tomatoes rich in organic selenium Pending CN111448957A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112898092A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-06-04 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Special fertilizer for mountain selenium-rich tomatoes and rain-sheltering cultivation method
CN113728885A (en) * 2021-10-19 2021-12-03 广西大学 Method for simultaneously improving selenium content and fruit setting rate of cherry tomatoes
CN114190131A (en) * 2021-12-25 2022-03-18 西北农林科技大学 Selenium-rich silicon foliar spraying agent special for tomatoes and preparation method and application thereof
CN114287304A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-04-08 山西林溪生物科技有限公司 Organic seedling raising method for codonopsis pilosula

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CN1943307A (en) * 2006-10-19 2007-04-11 周亭英 Method for cultivating tomato grown after wheat harvest
CN101743814A (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-23 孙刚 Nuisanceless cultivation method of winter-spring cultivation tomato in sunlight greenhouse
CN103650832A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-03-26 李进鑫 Tomato early cultivation method
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112898092A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-06-04 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Special fertilizer for mountain selenium-rich tomatoes and rain-sheltering cultivation method
CN113728885A (en) * 2021-10-19 2021-12-03 广西大学 Method for simultaneously improving selenium content and fruit setting rate of cherry tomatoes
CN114287304A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-04-08 山西林溪生物科技有限公司 Organic seedling raising method for codonopsis pilosula
CN114190131A (en) * 2021-12-25 2022-03-18 西北农林科技大学 Selenium-rich silicon foliar spraying agent special for tomatoes and preparation method and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20200728