CN111468736A - Silver metal oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silver metal oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111468736A CN111468736A CN202010153800.2A CN202010153800A CN111468736A CN 111468736 A CN111468736 A CN 111468736A CN 202010153800 A CN202010153800 A CN 202010153800A CN 111468736 A CN111468736 A CN 111468736A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
- B22F2009/0828—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid with water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a silver metal oxide electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, which adopts a powder preparation and powder mixing integrated device, wherein an upper spray plate is communicated with a powder spraying device, a lower spray plate is communicated with high-pressure water, dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder is filled in the powder spraying device, in the process of preparing silver powder by high-pressure water atomization, the dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder is sprayed into silver melt by taking inert gas as a carrier, solid dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder is wrapped by high-temperature liquid silver to form stable metallurgical bonding, then the stable metallurgical bonding is formed by high-pressure water crushing and cooling, uniform mixed powder particles are formed, and the mixed powder particles are processed into the electrical contact material by the procedures of drying, ingot pressing, extruding and the like. Compared with the traditional powder metallurgy process, the method has the remarkable advantages of high distribution uniformity of the dispersion strengthening phase particles in the silver matrix, high bonding strength of the dispersion strengthening phase particles and the silver matrix, green and environment-friendly manufacturing process, short production period and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical contact materials, and particularly relates to a silver metal oxide electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, silver-based materials are mostly used as electrical contact materials in the industry of low-voltage electrical appliances, and silver metal oxide (AgMeO, Me refers to metal) materials have excellent arc erosion resistance, welding resistance and low and stable comprehensive electrical performance of contact resistance, so that the materials play an important role in the whole electrical contact material system. The metal oxide in the silver matrix belongs to a dispersion strengthening phase for the silver matrix, and the arc erosion resistance and the fusion welding resistance of the silver matrix are improved in a dispersion strengthening mode, so that the distribution uniformity of the strengthening phase in the silver matrix and the bonding strength between the silver and the dispersion strengthening phase have decisive influence on the arc burning resistance and the conductivity of the contact material.
The traditional preparation method adopts mechanical mixing of silver powder and metal oxide powder, and extrusion molding is carried out after the mixture is pressed into ingots by isostatic pressing equipment, so that the preparation method is limited by wettability between a silver matrix and dispersion strengthening phase powder, the bonding strength is not ideal, and the welding resistance and the conductivity of the electric contact material are obviously influenced in the electric contact process. How to improve the wettability between the silver matrix and the dispersion strengthening phase powder and improve the bonding strength of the silver matrix and the dispersion strengthening phase powder is an important research and development direction in the field of electric contact material research and development.
On the basis of the traditional powder metallurgy (powder mixing-extrusion) process, domestic and foreign electrical contact material production enterprises develop a plurality of material preparation processes in sequence, improve the wettability between a silver matrix and dispersion strengthening phase particles by methods such as codeposition, chemical coating and the like, and improve the bonding strength between the silver matrix and the dispersion strengthening phase by ball milling and multiple extrusion processes. Compared with the traditional powder metallurgy process, the processing method improves the bonding strength between the silver matrix and the dispersion strengthening phase to different degrees, but still has a plurality of defects.
Patent Z L201710868384.7 discloses a method for preparing a silver metal oxide alloy, which adopts a mode of coating a wetting agent layer on the surface of a dispersion strengthening phase to improve the wettability of the dispersion strengthening phase and a silver matrix, wherein the wetting agent layer is coated on the surface of metal oxide particles at high temperature to form stable metallurgical bonding, but the bonding between silver and the wetting agent layer is still physical bonding.
Patent Z L201610899938.0 discloses a high-performance environment-friendly silver tin oxide electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a chemical coating process is adopted to prepare a silver tin oxide material, a bismuth oxide layer is coated on the surface of tin oxide serving as a dispersion strengthening phase, a silver layer is coated on the surface of the bismuth oxide layer, other additive powder is coated on the surface of the silver layer, and the prepared powder is processed into a wire or a strip through the processes of ball milling, isostatic pressing, extrusion and the like.
Patent Z L201410768634.1 discloses a method and apparatus for preparing silver metallic oxide electrical contact material, which comprises preparing silver and metallic oxide into precursor solution, reducing to obtain silver powder coated with metallic oxide precursor, and heat treating to obtain silver metallic oxide powder.
Therefore, how to improve the distribution uniformity of the dispersion strengthening phase in the silver metal oxide electric contact material and the bonding strength of the dispersion strengthening phase and the silver matrix has important practical application value for improving the consistency of the arc burning resistance and the electric property of the silver metal oxide electric contact material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a silver metal oxide electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof. The method improves the distribution uniformity of the dispersion strengthening phase in the silver metal oxide electrical contact material and the bonding strength of the dispersion strengthening phase and the silver matrix, improves the electric arc burning resistance and the fusion welding resistance of the silver metal oxide electrical contact material, and further improves the reliability of the switching electric appliance in the using process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the silver metal oxide electric contact material and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) melting silver to form a silver melt;
(2) uniformly mixing the dispersion strengthening phase powder, loading into a powder spraying device, and communicating with an upper spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment;
(3) the lower spraying disc of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, and the high-pressure water atomization equipment is started;
(4) the silver melt enters the central position of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment through a heat-insulating container, and meanwhile, a powder spraying device is started, inert gas is used as a carrier, dispersion strengthening phase powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray disk, and mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid dispersion strengthening phase powder is formed;
(5) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid dispersion strengthening phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed and cooled by high-pressure water to form silver-dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder, and is precipitated in a collecting barrel;
(6) drying, ingot pressing, extruding and drawing the silver-dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder to prepare a wire rod, and preparing a rivet contact by cold heading forming; or drying, pressing into ingots, extruding and coating silver, rolling and punching to prepare the sheet contact.
The further setting is that the dispersion strengthening phase powder consists of two parts of a main strengthening phase and an additive element, wherein the main strengthening phase is SnO2One or a plurality of combinations of CuO, ZnO and CdO, and the additive elements are NiO and WO3、In2O3、La2O3And one or a combination of more of MgO.
Further setting the average particle size range of the dispersion strengthening phase powder to be 0.1-20 mu m.
It is further provided that the inert gas is argon or nitrogen.
The powder spraying device is further provided with inert gas pressure of 0.2-1.0 MPa and inert gas flow of 200-1000L/min.
The lower-layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is further provided with a water pressure of 20-200 MPa.
In addition, the invention also provides a silver metal oxide electrical contact material prepared by the method.
Compared with the known preparation process, the preparation method has the following advantages and positive effects:
1. the distribution uniformity of the dispersion strengthening phase particles in the silver matrix is improved. The dispersion strengthening phase powder particles are added in the process of preparing the silver powder by atomization and are uniformly distributed in the silver matrix, so that the problem of nonuniform distribution in the mechanical mixing process caused by large density difference between the silver and the dispersion strengthening phase particles is solved, and the consistency and the reliability of the electric contact material in the electric contact process are improved.
2. The bonding strength of the dispersion strengthening phase particles and the silver matrix is improved. In the traditional preparation process of the electrical contact material such as the powder metallurgy process and the chemical coating process, the silver and the dispersion strengthening phase particles are mainly physically combined, and the improvement degree of the bonding strength is limited even by methods such as multiple extrusion, improvement of the surface wettability of the dispersion strengthening phase particles and the like.
3. The preparation process is environment-friendly, and environment-friendly treatment pressure can not be brought. Compared with the co-deposition and chemical coating processes, the preparation process adopts a physical method, the wastewater in the atomization powder preparation process can be recycled after deposition and filtration, no additional acidic or alkaline wastewater is generated, and the production process is environment-friendly.
4. The invention has simple designed process route and short processing flow and is suitable for mass production. Compared with the conventional powder metallurgy process, the mixing between the dispersion strengthening phase particles and the silver matrix is completed in the silver powder preparation stage, so that the powder mixing process is saved; compared with more complex preparation processes such as chemical coating, multiple times of extrusion and the like, the method has more obvious advantages in the processing process and the production period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simplified construction of an apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for making a rivet contact according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a process for making a sheet contact according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated powder preparation and mixing apparatus includes a medium-frequency melting furnace (melting crucible a), a holding furnace (holding crucible b), an upper spray tray c, a lower spray tray d, a collecting barrel f, and a powder spraying device e. Wherein the intermediate frequency smelting furnace (smelting crucible a) is a fixed point casting furnace, and the casting center corresponds to the center of the holding furnace (holding crucible b). And a lower spray tray d and an upper spray tray c are arranged on the spray tray seat at the upper end of the collecting barrel f, wherein the lower spray tray d is connected with a high-pressure water pipeline, and the upper spray tray c is connected with a powder spraying device e. The upper spray tray c is provided with 4 groups of nozzles, the nozzles are uniformly arranged around the lower spray tray c at intervals (the included angle between the nozzles is 90 degrees), and the included angle between the spray direction of the nozzles and the base material liquid flow leaked from the leakage nozzle of the heat-insulating crucible b is 60-90 degrees; the lower spray tray d is provided with 4 groups of nozzles, the nozzles are uniformly arranged around the lower spray tray d at intervals (the included angle between the nozzles is 90 degrees), and the included angle between the spray direction of the nozzles and the base material liquid flow leaked from the leakage nozzle of the heat-insulating crucible b is 30-60 degrees. The heat preservation furnace (heat preservation crucible b) is arranged at the top of the upper spray plate c, the bottom of the heat preservation furnace (heat preservation crucible b) is provided with a discharge spout, and the center of the discharge spout corresponds to the center of the spray plate. The lower end of the collecting barrel f is connected with the filter pressing barrel h, and a butterfly valve g is arranged between the collecting barrel f and the filter pressing barrel h. A vacuum filtration device, a filtration water tank, a precipitation water tank and a high-pressure pump are also arranged between the pressure filtration barrel h and the high-pressure water pipeline to form a closed loop. The collecting barrel f is provided with a necessary drainage valve and an inflation valve.
The realization principle of the invention is as follows:
adopting the powder preparation and powder mixing integrated equipment, wherein the upper layer spray plate is communicated with a powder spraying device, and the inert gas is used as a carrier to convey dispersion strengthening phase powder particles; the lower spraying plate is connected with a high-pressure pump to transmit high-pressure water. After the silver is melted into a molten liquid, the molten liquid flows through the middle of the spray disk through the discharge spout below the heat-insulating crucible, when the liquid silver passes through the upper spray disk, the inert gas carries the solid dispersion strengthening phase particles into the silver liquid flow, and the dispersion strengthening phase particles are uniformly distributed in the silver molten liquid, are wrapped by the silver and are stably metallurgically bonded with the silver at high temperature. Then the mixed liquid flow of the silver and the dispersion strengthening phase particles passes through the center of the lower spraying disc, is smashed and cooled by high pressure water to form silver-metal oxide mixed powder with uniform particles, and is precipitated in a collecting barrel of high pressure water atomization equipment. The silver-metal oxide mixed powder is processed into the electric contact material after drying, screening, ingot pressing, sintering and extruding.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a) melting 18kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 1.8kg of SnO with an average particle size of 0.1. mu.m2Powder and 0.2kg of WO having an average particle size of 1 μm3Uniformly mixing the powder, putting the powder into a powder spraying device, and communicating the powder spraying device with an upper layer spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity nitrogen in the powder spraying equipment is set to be 0.2MPa, and the flow of inert gas is set to be 200L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 20MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt is injected into the collecting barrel from the central position of the spray disk of the high-pressure water atomization equipment through the heat-insulating crucible, the powder spraying device is started, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, and SnO is arranged2Powder and WO3Spraying mixed powder consisting of the powder into the silver melt through an upper spraying disc to form mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid reinforcing phase powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid reinforcing phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of the high-pressure water atomization device, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 20MPa and is cooled to form AgSnO2WO3Mixing the powders, and precipitating in a collecting barrel;
f)AgSnO2WO3the mixed powder is prepared into AgSnO through drying, ingot pressing, extruding and drawing2(10) And (5) preparing a rivet contact by wire rod and cold heading forming.
Example two:
a) melting 9kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 0.9kg of CuO powder with the average particle size of 10 mu m, 0.05kg of NiO powder with the average particle size of 1 mu m and 0.05kg of MgO powder with the average particle size of 12 mu m are uniformly mixed and put into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper spraying disc of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity argon in the powder spraying equipment is set to be 1.0MPa, and the flow of inert gas is set to be 1000L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 200MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) injecting silver solution into a collecting barrel from the center of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment through a heat-preservation crucible, starting a powder spraying device, spraying mixed powder of CuO powder, NiO powder and MgO powder into the silver solution through an upper-layer spray disk by taking high-purity argon as a carrier, and forming mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid reinforcing phase powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid reinforcing phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 200MPa and is cooled to form AgCuONiOMgO mixed powder, and the AgCuONiOMgO mixed powder is precipitated in a collecting barrel;
f) the AgCuONiOMgO mixed powder is prepared into AgCuO (10) sheet-shaped contacts through drying, ingot pressing, extrusion silver compounding, rolling and punching.
Example three:
a) melting 18.4kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 1.4kg of ZnO powder having an average particle size of 2.5 μm and 0.1kg of SnO having an average particle size of 2 μm2Powder, 0.1kg L a with average particle size of 10 μm2O3Mixing the powders uniformly, putting into a powder spraying device, and communicating with an upper layer spray plate of a high-pressure water atomization device, wherein the pressure of high-purity nitrogen in the powder spraying device is 0.5MPa, and the flow of inert gas is 600L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 100MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt is injected into a collecting barrel from the central position of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment through a heat-insulating crucible, a powder spraying device is started, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, and ZnO powder and SnO powder are added2Powder L a2O3Spraying the mixed powder of the powder into the silver melt through an upper spraying disc to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid reinforcing phase powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid reinforcing phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 100MPa and is cooled to form AgZnOSnO2La2O3Mixing the powders, and precipitating in a collecting barrel;
f)AgZnOSnO2La2O3the mixed powder is prepared into the AgZnO (8) sheet contact through drying, ingot pressing, extrusion silver coating, rolling and punching.
Example four:
a) melting 8.5kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 1.4kg of CdO powder with the average particle size of 2 mu m and 0.1kg of NiO powder with the average particle size of 1.5 mu m are uniformly mixed, loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper layer spraying disc of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity nitrogen in the powder spraying equipment is set to be 0.7MPa, and the flow rate of inert gas is 450L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 45MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) injecting the silver melt into a collecting barrel from the central position of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment through a heat-insulating crucible, starting a powder spraying device, spraying mixed powder of CdO powder and NiO powder into the silver melt through an upper-layer spray disk by taking high-purity nitrogen as a carrier, and forming mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid reinforcing phase powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid reinforcing phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 45MPa and is cooled to form AgCdONiO mixed powder, and the AgCdONiO mixed powder is precipitated in a collection barrel;
f) drying, pressing into ingots, extruding and drawing the AgCdONiO mixed powder to prepare an AgCdO (15) wire, and cold heading and forming to prepare the rivet contact.
Example five:
a) melting 17kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 2kg of SnO with an average particle size of 20 μm2Powder, 0.2kg of CuO powder having an average particle size of 0.1 μm, 0.8kg of In having an average particle size of 0.5 μm2O3Uniformly mixing the powder, putting the powder into a powder spraying device, and communicating the powder spraying device with an upper layer spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity nitrogen in the powder spraying equipment is set to be 0.25MPa, and the flow rate of inert gas is 300L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 40MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt is injected into the collecting barrel from the central position of the spray disk of the high-pressure water atomization equipment through the heat-insulating crucible, the powder spraying device is started, high-purity argon is used as a carrier, and SnO (stannic oxide) is adopted2Powder, CuO powder and In2O3Spraying mixed powder consisting of the powder into the silver melt through an upper spraying disc to form mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid reinforcing phase powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid reinforcing phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of the high-pressure water atomization device, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 40MPa and is cooled to form AgSnO2In2O3Mixing CuO powder and precipitating in a collecting barrel;
f)AgSnO2In2O3the CuO mixed powder is prepared into AgSnO through drying, ingot pressing, extrusion silver compounding, rolling and punching2(15) A blade contact.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A silver metal oxide electric contact material and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) melting silver to form a silver melt;
(2) uniformly mixing dispersion strengthening phase powder, putting the mixture into a powder spraying device, and communicating the powder spraying device with an upper spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the dispersion strengthening phase powder is metal oxide powder;
(3) the lower spraying disc of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, and the high-pressure water atomization equipment is started;
(4) the silver melt enters the central position of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment through a heat-insulating container, and meanwhile, a powder spraying device is started, inert gas is used as a carrier, dispersion strengthening phase powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray disk, and mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid dispersion strengthening phase powder is formed;
(5) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid dispersion strengthening phase powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed and cooled by high-pressure water to form silver-dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder, and is precipitated in a collecting barrel;
(6) drying, ingot pressing, extruding and drawing the silver-dispersion strengthening phase mixed powder to prepare a wire rod, and preparing a rivet contact by cold heading forming; or drying, pressing into ingots, extruding and coating silver, rolling and punching to prepare the sheet contact.
2. The silver metal oxide electrical contact material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersion strengthening phase powder consists of two parts of a main strengthening phase and an additive element, wherein the main strengthening phase is SnO2One or a plurality of combinations of CuO, ZnO and CdO, and the additive elements are NiO and WO3、In2O3、La2O3And one or a combination of more of MgO.
3. The silver metal oxide electrical contact material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein: the average particle size of the dispersion strengthening phase powder is 0.1-20 μm.
4. The silver metal oxide electrical contact material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein: the inert gas is argon or nitrogen.
5. The silver metal oxide electrical contact material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas pressure of the powder spraying device is 0.2-1.0 MPa, and the inert gas flow rate is 200-1000L/min.
6. The silver metal oxide electrical contact material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein: the water pressure of a lower-layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is 20-200 MPa.
7. A silver metal oxide electrical contact material prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113399671A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 中南大学 | Gas atomization spray disk for preparing nano-particle reinforced metal-based composite powder |
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