CN111172405A - Microwave rotary hearth furnace chlorination gold extraction device and method - Google Patents
Microwave rotary hearth furnace chlorination gold extraction device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111172405A CN111172405A CN202010124141.XA CN202010124141A CN111172405A CN 111172405 A CN111172405 A CN 111172405A CN 202010124141 A CN202010124141 A CN 202010124141A CN 111172405 A CN111172405 A CN 111172405A
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M gold monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 gold and the like Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/06—Chloridising
Abstract
The invention provides a chlorination gold extraction device and method for a microwave rotary hearth furnace, wherein the device comprises a feeding unit, a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit, a transmission unit and a discharging unit; the rotary hearth furnace body comprises an upper fixed furnace body and a lower rotary hearth, the rotary hearth furnace body is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a reaction area and a discharging area along the rotation direction of the hearth, the upper surface of the rotary hearth is provided with an electric heating plate, and the furnace top is provided with an exhaust port; the microwave unit is arranged on the top of the rotary hearth furnace, and the transmission unit is arranged on the lower part of the rotary hearth furnace and connected with the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace. The device is a rotary hearth furnace for extracting valuable metals such as gold and the like, adopts a mode of combining microwave heating and electric heating, and has the advantages of high heating rate, uniform heating, high thermal efficiency and low smoke dust rate; the device can directly process powdery materials, reduces the processes of granulating and drying materials, shortens the process flow, reduces the energy consumption and the cost and is beneficial to improving the economic benefit and the environmental benefit compared with a rotary kiln of conventional equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and relates to a gold chlorination and extraction device and method for a microwave rotary hearth furnace.
Background
The metal smelting refers to a process of extracting metals existing in the form of compounds in minerals and converting the metals into free states, and mainly comprises hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy and the like. Gold is used as a precious metal simple substance, is usually extracted by adopting a gold chloride extraction mode, and under the conditions of high temperature and the existence of a chlorinating agent, gold in a gold-containing material is separated from the material in the form of chloride gas, and then is recovered from flue gas.
At present, a rotary kiln with wide material adaptability is generally adopted as chlorination volatilization reaction equipment in a high-temperature chlorination gold extraction process, but the smoke dust rate of the rotary kiln is often high, and the recovery of gold chloride in flue gas and the treatment process of the flue gas are relatively complex, for example, CN 108568204a discloses a washing and recovering process of high-temperature flue gas in the chlorination gold extraction process, the flue gas needs to be settled by gravity, sprayed in a two-stage U-shaped hollow tower for cooling and dust removal, and then passes through a turbulent ball tower, an electric demister, a fan, a desulfurizing tower and the like, solid-containing liquid obtained by spraying and cooling is sent into a deep cone for precipitation, and the treatment process is relatively complex, the required energy consumption is relatively high, and the heat utilization.
In order to avoid the problem of high smoke dust rate of the rotary kiln, materials and chloride are mixed, granulated and dried and then enter the rotary kiln for chlorination reaction, but the whole process flow is long, the failure rate is high, and the defects of high air leakage rate, low heat utilization rate and the like of the rotary kiln are overcome, so that the overall process energy consumption is high, the environmental protection effect is poor, the investment cost and the operation cost are high, and the further popularization of the high-temperature chlorination volatilization gold extraction technology is influenced, so that the equipment of the chlorination gold extraction technology is necessary to be adjusted and changed.
The rotary hearth furnace is a high-temperature furnace with a fixed upper furnace body and a rotatable bottom, is mainly used for treating carbon-containing pellets or iron ore powder in a direct iron reduction process in the steel industry at present, and generally uses natural gas, fuel oil or pulverized coal as fuel for heating. CN 207610534U discloses a rotary hearth furnace, including annular furnace body, hearth and feeding portion, the furnace body is internal to inject the furnace chamber, inject feeding zone, preheating zone, reduction zone and the ejection of compact district that communicates each other in the furnace chamber, the hearth is established in the furnace chamber, the hearth is used for bearing the weight of the material and flows through above-mentioned region in proper order, ejection of compact district part is equipped with feeding portion, adds the antioxidant to the ejection of compact district and prevents metal pellet reoxidation, but still can produce dust or a large amount of flue gas when the fuel that the device selected burns, influences the recovery of product and the improvement of purity to the material is prefabricated into the pellet form earlier, has increased process flow.
In summary, for the extraction of the precious metal material, an appropriate device type needs to be selected according to the characteristics of the material, and the device is adaptively improved, so that the efficiency of the extraction process is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gold chlorination and extraction device and a gold chlorination and extraction method for a microwave rotary hearth furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a chlorination gold extraction device of a microwave rotary hearth furnace, which comprises a feeding unit, a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit, a transmission unit and a discharging unit, wherein the feeding unit is arranged on the rotary hearth furnace body;
the rotary hearth furnace body comprises an upper fixed furnace body and a lower rotary hearth, the rotary hearth furnace body is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a reaction area and a discharging area along the rotation direction of the hearth, the upper surface of the rotary hearth is provided with an electric heating plate, and the top of the rotary hearth furnace body is provided with an exhaust port;
the feeding unit is connected to a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body, the microwave unit is arranged on the top of the rotary hearth furnace, the transmission unit is arranged on the lower portion of the rotary hearth furnace and connected with the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace, and the discharging unit is arranged in a discharging area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
In the invention, the rotary hearth furnace is adopted for chlorination gold extraction, compared with the traditional rotary kiln equipment, the rotary hearth furnace further adopts a mode of combining microwave heating and electric heating, has the characteristics of high and uniform heating rate and high thermal efficiency, overcomes the defects of a rotary kiln chlorination volatilization technology, shortens the process flow, greatly reduces the smoke dust rate, improves the heat utilization rate, reduces the energy consumption, investment and production cost, and has higher economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Specifically, the main equipment of the device is a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit is used as a heating source, an electric heating plate arranged in the rotary hearth furnace is combined, and a transmission unit is used as the driving force for the rotation of the rotary hearth furnace, so that the precious metal extraction and material separation of the materials are completed in the moving process of the materials, the reaction rate is accelerated, and the reaction process flow is simplified.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the rotary hearth furnace is annular, and an upper annular furnace body and a rotary hearth form a space in the closed furnace.
Preferably, the feed zone, the reaction zone and the discharge zone are separated by a longitudinal partition, the lower end of which is spaced from the surface of the rotary hearth.
Preferably, the distance between the lower end of the longitudinal partition and the upper surface of the rotary hearth is 30 to 200mm, for example, 30mm, 50mm, 80mm, 100mm, 120mm, 150mm, 180mm, or 200mm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable.
In the invention, the main area division of the rotary hearth furnace body is divided by the partition plates, the materials move along with the rotation of the rotary hearth, and the lower end of the longitudinal partition plate is away from the rotary hearth by a certain distance, so that the movement of the materials can be ensured, the thickness of a material layer in a reaction area can be adjusted, and the full reaction is facilitated.
Preferably, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the feeding zone is 10 to 30 degrees, such as 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees or 30 degrees, but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the reaction zone is 270-330 degrees, such as 270 degrees, 280 degrees, 290 degrees, 300 degrees, 310 degrees, 320 degrees, 240 degrees, 270 degrees or 330 degrees, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the discharge area is 10 to 30 degrees, such as 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees or 30 degrees, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
In the present invention, the division of the furnace body region of the rotary hearth furnace is related to factors such as the kind and the amount of the reactant, the reaction conditions, and the positions of the components in the apparatus, and the size of each region can be appropriately adjusted.
As the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the rotary furnace bottom sequentially comprises an electric heating plate, a heat-resistant insulating layer and a furnace bottom structural layer from top to bottom.
Preferably, the electrical heating plate comprises a ceramic electrical heating plate.
In the invention, the uppermost layer of the rotary furnace bottom is an electric heating layer which is directly contacted with materials for heating, and in order to avoid heat loss, a heat insulation layer is arranged below the electric heating layer and is made of refractory materials, and the lowermost layer is a furnace bottom structure layer which is directly contacted with the outer side and the transmission unit, and has enough strength.
Preferably, the exhaust port is arranged on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone close to one side of the feeding zone.
In the invention, the exhaust port is arranged at a position close to the feeding region, the temperature is relatively low when the materials start to react, and when the volatile gas products generated in the reaction region flow to the exhaust port, convection is formed between the volatile gas products and the solid materials to play a role in heat exchange, so that the temperature of the outlet gas is reduced, and on the one hand, the waste heat effect is realized on the materials, thereby improving the heat efficiency.
As a preferable technical scheme, the feeding unit comprises a metering conveying device and a distributing device, and an outlet of the distributing device extends into a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
Preferably, the microwave unit comprises at least one microwave generating device, for example, 1, 10, 30, 50, 75 or 100, and the like, and the specific number is selected according to the size of the rotary hearth furnace and the material handling capacity, and is uniformly distributed on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone of the rotary hearth furnace body, so as to maintain uniform heating of the materials in the reaction zone and facilitate sufficient reaction of the materials.
Preferably, the discharging unit comprises a loosening screw and a scraping screw in sequence along the rotation direction of the furnace bottom, the loosening screw and the scraping screw are both arranged along the radial direction of the annular furnace body, the loosening screw can depolymerize and break up partially sintered materials, and the materials are discharged by the scraping screw.
Preferably, the tail end of the discharge unit is provided with a discharge opening, and the discharge opening is connected with a discharge chute.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the transmission unit comprises supporting rolls, centering rolls and a driving device, the supporting rolls are uniformly distributed below the annular rotary furnace bottom and are in contact with the rotary furnace bottom, the centering rolls are uniformly distributed on the side wall of an inner ring of the rotary furnace bottom and outwards prop against the furnace bottom on the circumference of the inner ring, and the driving device is arranged below the rotary furnace bottom and is connected with the rotary furnace bottom through a gear.
In the invention, a plurality of supporting rollers are arranged below the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace and used for supporting a hearth structure layer, and the annular hearth makes circular motion on the supporting rollers; a plurality of centering rollers outwards prop against the furnace bottom on the horizontal circumferential plane of the inner ring, so that the furnace bottom rotates around the fixed center; the driving devices are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace and drive the rotary hearth furnace to do circular motion on the supporting roll.
Preferably, the driving device is an electric motor, and a speed reducer is usually further arranged for facilitating the control of the rotation speed of the rotary hearth furnace.
As a preferable technical scheme, the device further comprises an exhaust unit, and the exhaust unit is connected with an exhaust port of the rotary hearth furnace.
Preferably, the exhaust unit comprises an induced draft fan, and an inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with an exhaust port of the rotary hearth furnace.
In the invention, the exhaust pipe is arranged at the exhaust port of the top of the rotary hearth furnace and is connected with the induced draft fan, and the micro negative pressure at the exhaust pipe is maintained by the suction of the induced draft fan, so that the gas in the furnace body can be conveniently and timely pumped out.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for gold chloride extraction using the above apparatus, the method comprising:
after entering the rotary hearth furnace, the mixed material containing the gold material and the chlorinating agent moves along with the rotary hearth furnace, the mixed material is subjected to chlorination volatilization reaction under the action of electric heating and microwaves, gaseous volatile matters leave from the top, and solid materials after the reaction are discharged out of the rotary hearth furnace.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gold-containing material includes any one or a combination of at least two of cyanidation tailings, gold-containing minerals or gold-containing mineral roasting residues, and the combination is typically but not limited to: the combination of cyanidation tailings and gold-containing minerals, the combination of gold-containing minerals and gold-containing mineral roasting residues, the combination of cyanidation tailings, gold-containing minerals and gold-containing mineral roasting residues and the like.
Preferably, the chlorinating agent comprises calcium chloride and/or sodium chloride.
Preferably, the chlorinating agent is added in an amount of 3 to 10 wt% of the gold-containing material, such as 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the thickness of the material layer after the mixed material enters the reaction zone is 30 to 200mm, such as 30mm, 50mm, 80mm, 100mm, 120mm, 150mm, 180mm or 200mm, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rate of rotation of the rotary hearth is 1 to 5 °/min, for example, 1 °/min, 1.5 °/min, 2 °/min, 2.5 °/min, 3 °/min, 3.5 °/min, 4 °/min, 4.5 °/min, or 5 °/min, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in the above-mentioned range are also applicable.
In the invention, the reaction time required by the material is determined according to factors such as the type of the gold-containing material, the reaction temperature and the like, and the rotation speed of the rotary hearth furnace is determined according to the chlorination reaction time.
Preferably, the reaction temperature is 950 to 1200 ℃, for example 950 ℃, 1000 ℃, 1050 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃ or 1200 ℃, but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed within this range are also applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gaseous volatile matter is discharged and the valuable metals therein are recovered.
Preferably, the solid material after reaction is discharged after being scattered by loose materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the device of the invention uses the rotary hearth furnace for extracting valuable metals, adopts microwave heating and electric heating modes, has high heating rate, uniform heating and high thermal efficiency which can reach more than 95 percent, and reduces the smoke dust rate to below 5 percent;
(2) compared with a rotary kiln, the device provided by the invention reduces the granulating and drying processes of materials, shortens the process flow, reduces the energy consumption, investment and production cost, and is beneficial to improving the economic benefit and the environmental benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a gold chloride extraction apparatus of a microwave rotary hearth furnace according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a gold chloride extraction apparatus of a microwave rotary hearth furnace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the device comprises 1-1-a metering conveying device, 1-2-a distributing device, 2-1-an upper fixed furnace body, 2-2-a rotary furnace bottom, 2-3-a heat-resistant insulating layer, 2-4-a furnace bottom structural layer, 2-5-an electric heating plate, 2-6-a longitudinal partition plate, 3-1-a supporting roller, 3-2-a driving device, 3-3-a centering roller, 4-a microwave generating device, 5-1-a loose material spiral, 5-2-a scraping material spiral, 5-3-a discharging chute and 6-an exhaust port.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The invention provides a chlorination gold extraction device and method for a microwave rotary hearth furnace, wherein the device comprises a feeding unit, a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit, a transmission unit and a discharging unit;
the rotary hearth furnace body comprises an upper fixed furnace body 2-1 and a lower rotary hearth 2-2, the rotary hearth furnace body is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a reaction area and a discharging area along the rotation direction of the hearth, the upper surface of the rotary hearth 2-2 is provided with an electric heating plate 2-5, and the top of the rotary hearth furnace body is provided with an exhaust port 6;
the feeding unit is connected to a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body, the microwave unit is arranged on the top of the rotary hearth furnace, the transmission unit is arranged on the lower portion of the rotary hearth 2-2 and connected with the rotary hearth 2-2, and the discharging unit is arranged in a discharging area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The method comprises the following steps:
after entering the rotary hearth furnace, the mixed material containing the gold material and the chlorinating agent moves along with the rotary hearth furnace 2-2, the mixed material is subjected to chlorination volatilization reaction under the action of electric heating and microwave, gaseous volatile matters leave from the top, and solid materials are discharged out of the rotary hearth furnace after the reaction.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a gold chloride extraction device of a microwave rotary hearth furnace, wherein the top view of the device is shown in figure 1, the side expanded view of the device is shown in figure 2, and the device comprises a feeding unit, a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit, a transmission unit and a discharging unit;
the rotary hearth furnace body comprises an upper fixed furnace body 2-1 and a lower rotary hearth 2-2, the rotary hearth furnace body is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a reaction area and a discharging area along the rotation direction of the hearth, the upper surface of the rotary hearth 2-2 is provided with an electric heating plate 2-5, and the top of the rotary hearth furnace body is provided with an exhaust port 6;
the feeding unit is connected to a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body, the microwave unit is arranged on the top of the rotary hearth furnace, the transmission unit is arranged on the lower portion of the rotary hearth 2-2 and connected with the rotary hearth 2-2, and the discharging unit is arranged in a discharging area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The rotary hearth furnace is annular, and an upper annular furnace body and the rotary hearth 2-2 form a space in the closed furnace.
The feeding area and the reaction area, and the reaction area and the discharging area are separated by a longitudinal clapboard 2-6, and the distance between the lower end of the longitudinal clapboard 2-6 and the upper surface of the rotary furnace bottom 2-2 is 160 mm.
The central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the feeding area is 20 degrees, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the reaction area is 310 degrees, and the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the discharging area is 30 degrees.
The rotary furnace bottom 2-2 sequentially comprises an electric heating plate 2-5, a heat-resistant insulating layer 2-3 and a furnace bottom structure layer 2-4 from top to bottom, and the electric heating plate 2-5 is a ceramic electric heating plate.
The exhaust port 6 is arranged on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone close to one side of the feeding zone.
The feeding unit comprises a metering conveying device 1-1 and a distributing device 1-2, and an outlet of the distributing device 1-2 extends into a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The microwave unit comprises 100 microwave generating devices 4 which are uniformly distributed on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The discharging unit sequentially comprises a loosening spiral 5-1 and a scraping spiral 5-2 along the rotation direction of the furnace bottom, and the loosening spiral 5-1 and the scraping spiral 5-2 are both arranged along the radial direction of the annular furnace body; the tail end of the discharging unit is provided with a discharging opening, and the discharging opening is connected with a discharging chute 5-3.
The transmission unit comprises a supporting roll 3-1, centering rolls 3-3 and a driving device 3-2, wherein the supporting roll 3-1 is uniformly distributed below the annular rotary furnace bottom 2-2 and is contacted with the rotary furnace bottom 2-2, the centering rolls 3-3 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of an inner ring of the rotary furnace bottom 2-2 and outwards prop against the furnace bottom on the circumference of the inner ring, and the driving device 3-2 is arranged below the rotary furnace bottom 2-2 and is connected with the rotary furnace bottom 2-2; the driving device 3-2 is an electric motor.
The device still includes the exhaust unit, the exhaust unit includes the draught fan, the entry of draught fan links to each other with the gas vent 6 of rotary hearth furnace.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a gold chloride extraction device of a microwave rotary hearth furnace, which comprises a feeding unit, a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit, a transmission unit and a discharging unit;
the rotary hearth furnace body comprises an upper fixed furnace body 2-1 and a lower rotary hearth 2-2, the rotary hearth furnace body is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a reaction area and a discharging area along the rotation direction of the hearth, the upper surface of the rotary hearth 2-2 is provided with an electric heating plate 2-5, and the top of the rotary hearth furnace body is provided with an exhaust port 6;
the feeding unit is connected to a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body, the microwave unit is arranged on the top of the rotary hearth furnace, the transmission unit is arranged on the lower portion of the rotary hearth 2-2 and connected with the rotary hearth 2-2, and the discharging unit is arranged in a discharging area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The rotary hearth furnace is annular, and an upper annular furnace body and the rotary hearth 2-2 form a space in the closed furnace.
The feeding zone and the reaction zone, and the reaction zone and the discharge zone are separated by a longitudinal clapboard 2-6, and the distance between the lower end of the longitudinal clapboard 2-6 and the upper surface of the rotary furnace bottom 2-2 is 50 mm.
The central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the feeding area is 10 degrees, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the reaction area is 330 degrees, and the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the discharging area is 20 degrees.
The rotary furnace bottom 2-2 sequentially comprises an electric heating plate 2-5, a heat-resistant insulating layer 2-3 and a furnace bottom structure layer 2-4 from top to bottom, and the electric heating plate 2-5 is a ceramic electric heating plate.
The exhaust port 6 is arranged on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone close to one side of the feeding zone.
The feeding unit comprises a metering conveying device 1-1 and a distributing device 1-2, and an outlet of the distributing device 1-2 extends into a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The microwave unit comprises 50 microwave generating devices 4 which are uniformly distributed on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone of the rotary hearth furnace body.
The discharging unit sequentially comprises a loosening spiral 5-1 and a scraping spiral 5-2 along the rotation direction of the furnace bottom, and the loosening spiral 5-1 and the scraping spiral 5-2 are both arranged along the radial direction of the annular furnace body; the tail end of the discharging unit is provided with a discharging opening, and the discharging opening is connected with a discharging chute 5-3.
The transmission unit comprises a supporting roll 3-1, centering rolls 3-3 and a driving device 3-2, wherein the supporting roll 3-1 is uniformly distributed below the annular rotary furnace bottom 2-2 and is contacted with the rotary furnace bottom 2-2, the centering rolls 3-3 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of an inner ring of the rotary furnace bottom 2-2 and outwards prop against the furnace bottom on the circumference of the inner ring, and the driving device 3-2 is arranged below the rotary furnace bottom 2-2 and is connected with the rotary furnace bottom 2-2; the driving device 3-2 is a motor and a speed reducer.
The device still includes the exhaust unit, the exhaust unit includes the draught fan, the entry of draught fan links to each other with the gas vent 6 of rotary hearth furnace.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a gold chloride extraction method of a microwave rotary hearth furnace, which is implemented by adopting the device in the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
adding a mixed material of cyanide tailings and calcium chloride into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace body through a material distribution device 1-2, wherein the addition amount of the calcium chloride accounts for 6 wt% of the cyanide tailings, the mixed material moves along with a rotary hearth 2-2, the rotation speed of the rotary hearth 2-2 is 2.75 degrees/min, the thickness of a material layer is 160mm after the material enters a reaction area, the material layer is rapidly heated under the action of electric heating and microwave heating to react, the temperature of the reaction is 1050 ℃, gaseous chloride leaves from an exhaust port 6 in the reaction process to carry out metal recovery, the reacted solid material enters a material discharge area, and the sintered material is discharged after being depolymerized and scattered.
In the embodiment, the microwave rotary hearth furnace is adopted for chlorination gold extraction, the heating rate is high, the thermal efficiency can reach 97%, the smoke dust rate can be reduced to 4%, and the subsequent recovery of valuable metals is facilitated.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a gold chloride extraction method of a microwave rotary hearth furnace, which is implemented by adopting the device in the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
adding a mixed material of gold concentrate calcine and calcium chloride into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace body through a distributing device 1-2, wherein the addition amount of the calcium chloride accounts for 10 wt% of the gold concentrate calcine, the mixed material moves along with a rotary hearth 2-2, the rotating speed of the rotary hearth 2-2 is 1.5 degrees/min, the thickness of a material layer is 160mm after the material enters a reaction area, the material layer is rapidly heated under the action of electric heating and microwave heating to react, the temperature of the reaction is 1200 ℃, gaseous chloride leaves from an exhaust port 6 in the reaction process to carry out metal recovery, the reacted solid material enters a discharging area, and the sintering material is discharged after depolymerization and scattering.
In the embodiment, the microwave rotary hearth furnace is adopted for chlorination gold extraction, the heating rate is high, the heat efficiency can reach 98%, the smoke dust rate can be reduced to 3.5%, and the subsequent recovery of valuable metals is facilitated.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a gold chloride extraction method of a microwave rotary hearth furnace, which is implemented by adopting the device in the embodiment 2 and comprises the following steps:
adding a mixed material of cyanide tailings and sodium chloride into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace body through a material distribution device 1-2, wherein the addition amount of the sodium chloride accounts for 3 wt% of the cyanide tailings, the mixed material moves along with a rotary hearth 2-2, the rotation speed of the rotary hearth 2-2 is 4 DEG/s, the thickness of a material layer is 50mm after the material enters a reaction area, the material layer is rapidly heated under the action of electric heating and microwave heating to react, the temperature of the reaction is 950 ℃, gaseous chloride leaves from an exhaust port 6 in the reaction process to carry out metal recovery, the reacted solid material enters a material discharge area, and the sintered material is depolymerized and scattered and then discharged.
In the embodiment, the microwave rotary hearth furnace is adopted for chlorination gold extraction, the heating rate is high, the heat efficiency is high and can reach 97.5%, the smoke dust rate can be reduced to 4.5%, and the subsequent recovery of valuable metals is facilitated.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example provides a rotary hearth furnace gold chloride extraction apparatus and method, which is similar to the structure of example 1 except that: the device does not comprise a microwave unit, the rotary hearth 2-2 does not comprise an electric heating plate 2-5, and the annular side wall of the rotary hearth furnace is provided with a fuel nozzle.
The process is referred to the process in example 3, with the only difference that: the temperature rise and reaction of the materials depend on the heat released by the combustion of the fuel.
In the comparative example, the rotary hearth furnace for supplying heat by burning fuel is adopted for gold chlorination extraction, the heating is uneven, the heat efficiency is lower, the fuel is not fully burnt, reducing substances are easily generated, the chlorination volatilization reaction of valuable metals is not facilitated, the metal recovery rate is influenced, and the smoke dust rate is high and reaches over 10 percent.
It can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples that the apparatus of the present invention uses the rotary hearth furnace for valuable metal extraction, and adopts microwave heating and electric heating modes, the heating rate is fast and uniform, the thermal efficiency is high, and the smoke rate is low; compared with a rotary kiln, the device reduces the granulating and drying processes of materials, shortens the process flow, reduces the energy consumption, investment and production cost, and is beneficial to improving the economic benefit and the environmental benefit.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the detailed apparatus and method of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed apparatus and method, i.e. it is not meant to imply that the present invention must be implemented by the above detailed apparatus and method. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, equivalents of the means for substitution and addition of means for carrying out the invention, selection of specific means, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gold extraction device by chlorination in a microwave rotary hearth furnace is characterized by comprising a feeding unit, a rotary hearth furnace body, a microwave unit, a transmission unit and a discharging unit;
the rotary hearth furnace body comprises an upper fixed furnace body and a lower rotary hearth, the rotary hearth furnace body is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a reaction area and a discharging area along the rotation direction of the hearth, the upper surface of the rotary hearth is provided with an electric heating plate, and the top of the rotary hearth furnace body is provided with an exhaust port;
the feeding unit is connected to a feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace body, the microwave unit is arranged on the top of the rotary hearth furnace, the transmission unit is arranged on the lower portion of the rotary hearth furnace and connected with the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace, and the discharging unit is arranged in a discharging area of the rotary hearth furnace body.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotary hearth furnace is annular, and the upper annular furnace body and the rotary hearth furnace bottom form a closed furnace inner space;
preferably, the feeding zone, the reaction zone and the discharging zone are separated by a longitudinal partition plate, and the lower end of the longitudinal partition plate is spaced from the upper surface of the rotary furnace bottom;
preferably, the distance between the lower end of the longitudinal partition plate and the upper surface of the rotary furnace bottom is 30-200 mm;
preferably, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the feeding area is 10-30 degrees;
preferably, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the reaction zone is 270-330 degrees;
preferably, the central angle of the annular furnace body corresponding to the material discharge area is 10-30 degrees.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotary hearth comprises an electric heating plate, a heat-resistant insulating layer and a hearth structure layer in sequence from top to bottom;
preferably, the electrical heating plate comprises a ceramic electrical heating plate;
preferably, the exhaust port is arranged on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone close to one side of the feeding zone.
4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feed unit comprises a metering conveyor and a distribution device, the outlet of which extends into the feed zone of the rotary hearth furnace body;
preferably, the microwave unit comprises at least one microwave generating device which is uniformly distributed on the furnace top corresponding to the reaction zone of the rotary hearth furnace body;
preferably, the discharging unit sequentially comprises a loosening screw and a scraping screw along the rotation direction of the furnace bottom, and the loosening screw and the scraping screw are both arranged along the radial direction of the annular furnace body;
preferably, the tail end of the discharge unit is provided with a discharge opening, and the discharge opening is connected with a discharge chute.
5. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the transmission unit comprises supporting rollers, centering rollers and a driving device, the supporting rollers are uniformly distributed below the annular rotary furnace bottom and are contacted with the rotary furnace bottom, the centering rollers are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the inner ring of the rotary furnace bottom and outwards prop against the furnace bottom on the circumference of the inner ring, and the driving device is arranged below the rotary furnace bottom and is connected with the rotary furnace bottom;
preferably, the drive means is an electric motor.
6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an exhaust unit connected to an exhaust port of the rotary hearth furnace;
preferably, the exhaust unit comprises an induced draft fan, and an inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with an exhaust port of the rotary hearth furnace.
7. A method for gold chloride extraction using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
after entering the rotary hearth furnace, the mixed material containing the gold material and the chlorinating agent moves along with the rotary hearth furnace, the mixed material is subjected to chlorination volatilization reaction under the action of electric heating and microwaves, gaseous volatile matters leave from the top, and solid materials after the reaction are discharged out of the rotary hearth furnace.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the gold-containing material comprises any one of or a combination of at least two of cyanidation tailings, gold-containing minerals or gold-containing mineral roasting residues;
preferably, the chlorinating agent comprises calcium chloride and/or sodium chloride;
preferably, the addition amount of the chlorinating agent is 3-10 wt% of the gold-containing material;
preferably, after the mixed material enters the reaction zone, the thickness of the material layer is 30-200 mm.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the rate of rotation of the rotary hearth is 1 to 5 °/min;
preferably, the reaction temperature is 950-1200 ℃.
10. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the gaseous volatiles are vented to recover the metal values therein;
preferably, the solid material after reaction is discharged after being scattered by loose materials.
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| CN112844272A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-05-28 | 河北龙亿环境工程有限公司 | Application of microwave rotary hearth furnace in carbonization reaction |
| CN114812100A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-07-29 | 永虹先进材料股份有限公司 | Mineral dewatering equipment and process |
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| CN114812100A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-07-29 | 永虹先进材料股份有限公司 | Mineral dewatering equipment and process |
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