CN201555450U

CN201555450U - Smelting device for smelting ferronickel by nickel oxide mines

Info

Publication number: CN201555450U
Application number: CN2009202728179U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾祥武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-11-11
Filing date: 2009-11-11
Publication date: 2010-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2019-11-11

Abstract

The utility model relates to a smelting device for smelting ferronickel by nickel oxide mines, belonging to the field of non-ferrous metal metallurgy. The main structure of the smelting device comprises a nickel oxide mine dosing and processing equipment, a preheating furnace, a rotary kiln and a ladle; the preheating furnace is a solid cylindrical structure that is connected with the upper part of the air outlet of the tail plate of the rotary kiln; the rotary kiln is a sealed cylinder with a fireproof lining arranged at the internal side; the diameter of one section of a cylinder body of the kiln head is greater than that of the middle part of the cylinder body; and one side of the cylinder body section is provided with an outlet that is communicated with the ladle. Compared with the prior art, the smelting device in the utility model saves investment, and has low consumption and high yield, and the recovery rate of the nickel is higher than 95%.

Description

Smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the Non-ferrous Metallurgy field, particularly a kind of smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel.

Background technology

At present, China mainly is nickel sulfide ore to the metallic nickel requirement source.After pulverizing, ball milling, floating washing, the concentrate that becomes nickeliferous grade 5-7% carries out electric furnace smelting to nickeliferous grade, the flash stove is smelted and blast furnace smelting at the nickel sulfide ore of 0.8-1.7%.This has been unusual mature technology.Along with the development of society, the progress of science and technology, stainless steel is used widely in the world, and traditional nickel sulfide ore resource can not satisfy needs of society, forces people to extracting metallic nickel in the lateritic nickel ore that takes up an area of ball nickel resources about 80%.Described lateritic nickel ore promptly is called nickel ore by the utility model.According to international laterite annual meeting statistics in 1987, nickel reserves 80% were nickel ore in the world at present.And nickel ore owing to can not float is washed, and grade is too low and be not utilized.The technology of nickel ore smelting ferronickel has three kinds in the world at present.That is: thermal process, wet processing, fiery wet method combined process.Wherein thermal process adopts rotary kiln-electric furnace smelting method just like a few countries such as France, Japan, the U.S., Colombia to nickel ore.Shortcoming is, reducing and smelting ferronickel technology not only requires the grade of nickel ore to want high, and needs to consume a large amount of energy owing to exists twice heating to smelt, and the silicon magnesium ratio of raw material is also had requirement.Investment is big, and its ferronickel grade of producing is lower.Present domestic some areas utilize the blast furnace process dilval to have the difficult problem that investment is big, production cost is high equally, the environment of having gone back severe contamination.Above-mentioned wet processing, it is the sulfuric acid pressure leaching process, though realized suitability for industrialized production at present, but because it adopts condition of high voltage operation, equipment, scale, investment, operation control and the grade of ore, magnesia etc. there is higher requirement, especially in sulfuric acid expensive today, extract metallic nickel with the acid-hatching of young eggs, cost height not only, and produce a large amount of waste liquids, can cause severe contamination to environment.Also having fiery wet method combined process, mainly is raw ore reduction roasting-ammonia leaching technology, handles low-grade nickel ore, but the rate of recovery is low, cost is high, has belonged to superseded technology.Above-mentioned process equipment is not only invested greatly, energy consumption is many, and its ferronickel grade of producing is also lower.

The applicant Mao Lisheng of Wutai County, Shanxi Province has also noticed the problems referred to above; At the Chinese invention patent communique publication number CN on September 23rd, 2009 101538626A, he discloses utility model title " lateritic nickel ore is directly produced the method for nickel-contained pig iron in rotary kiln ", this method is: at first add drier mixed dehydration drying, fragmentation in nickel ore, add reducing agent and grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom again and mix; Again above-mentioned compound is directly sent into and carried out reduction roasting in the rotary kiln; Bring up to about 1350 ℃ when the kiln operation temperature, the carburizing sponge iron of reduction is melted into the liquid ferronickel, stops rotary kiln and rotates, and liquid ferronickel to kiln hood opening is emitted, and flows at last in the mould, after the cooling, is the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.Slag is from the pure cooling of kiln hood discharge water.Above-mentioned utility model not only will add desiccant dehydration before nickel ore is gone into rotary kiln, also will add fluorine carbon cerium, monazite, boromagnesite and vermiculite etc. is to be the material of " grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom " by the utility model person, prevents the long thick ring formation of rotary kiln kliner coating.The processing technology complexity.Production cost is higher.

The utility model content

Smelt the technological deficiency that exists in order to solve the prior art nickel ore, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel, this device can prevent the material of the long thick ring formation of rotary kiln kliner coating by the architectural characteristic of improving rotary kiln, simple to operate, can reduce production costs, the rate of recovery that improves nickel reaches 95%.

In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme:

A kind of smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel mainly comprises nickel ore batching process equipment, preheating furnace, rotary kiln and ladle; Described preheating furnace is a vertical tube structure, and the upper end has charging aperture to connect the lifting conveyer of nickel ore batching process equipment, and last side tube-wall has the exhaust column that connects cleaner and air-introduced machine; Air inlet and water jacket tremie pipe are arranged at the bottom of the tube of lower end, and air inlet has the striker plate of angle mount in preheating furnace chamber inboard; Described rotary kiln is the sealed cylinder that an inboard is provided with refractory lining; Be respectively equipped with kiln hood end plate and kiln transom piece at the cylindrical shell two ends, the coal powder injection pipe is arranged on the kiln hood end plate, on the kiln transom piece exhaust outlet is arranged, charging hole, coal filling hole and wind conveying pipe, the air inlet on the kiln transom piece on the logical preheating furnace of exhaust outlet, charging hole connects preheating furnace upper water sleeve tremie pipe on the kiln transom piece; The diameter of one section cylindrical shell of described kiln hood is bigger than the cylindrical shell middle part, and this section cylindrical shell one side has discharge port to lead to ladle.

Further, above-mentioned nickel ore batching process equipment is meant the nickel ore heap ore storage bin of arranging according to flow process, pulverizer, and batch mixer is to roll squeezer and lifting conveyer 5.

Compared with prior art, the major advantage of the utility model smelting device is:

1. because enlarged diameter, the sealing of one section cylindrical shell of rotary kiln end, increase the capacity in ferronickel melting reaction chamber, can improve the thermal efficiency simultaneously.

2. rotary kiln of the present utility model can be according to raw material nickel, iron content, regulate coarse granule coal consumption, the wind conveying pipe of kiln tail is failed wind, adds that kiln hood coal powder injection pipe is that 4 air channels (clean wind, coal wind, whirlwind, voltage stabilizing wind) can be regulated at any time, can realize controlling the selective reduction of iron, guarantee the content of product nickel.

Rotary kiln from the kiln tail to kiln hood 1200-1500 ℃ full kiln high temperature, solved in the rotary kiln formidable kiln of a specified duration and built a dam, ring formation in the kiln influences the difficult problem of ordinary production

4. preheating furnace of the present utility model has the exhaust outlet of the logical rotary kiln of air inlet, and the waste heat of smelting in rotary kiln send preheating furnace to dry dry for pellet feed preheating and heat.Realize She's heat utilization, had energy-conservation effect.

5. rate of recovery height: the rate of recovery of nickel is higher than 95%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model smelting device schematic diagram.

Among the figure: 1 preheating furnace; 2 rotary kilns; 3 ladle; 4 charging apertures; 5 promote conveyer; 6 cleaners; 7 exhaust columns; 8 air inlets; 9 water jacket tremie pipes; 10 striker plates; 11 cylindrical shells; 12 kiln hoods; 13 kiln tails; 14 revolution transmission supporting bases; 15 kiln hood end plates; 16 kiln transom pieces; 17 coal powder injection pipes; 18 exhaust outlets; 19 charging holes; 20 wind conveying pipes; 21 discharge ports; 22 pulverizers; 23 batch mixers; 24 pairs of roll squeezers; 25 coal filling holes; 26 nickel ores heap ore storage bin; 27 moulds; 28 ponds.

The specific embodiment

For describing the utility model in detail, with concrete embodiment the utility model is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

A kind of smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel of accompanying drawing 1 expression mainly comprises nickel ore batching process equipment, preheating furnace 1, rotary kiln 2 and ladle 3; Described nickel ore batching process equipment is meant the nickel ore heap ore storage bin of arranging according to flow process 26, pulverizer 22, and batch mixer 23 is to roll squeezer 24 and lifting conveyer 5; Described preheating furnace 1 is vertical cylindrical shell 11 structures, and the upper end has charging aperture 4 to connect the lifting conveyer 5 of nickel ore batching process equipment, and last side tube-wall has the exhaust column 7 that connects cleaner 6 and air-introduced machine; Air inlet 8 and water jacket tremie pipe 9 are arranged at the bottom of the tube of lower end, and air inlet 8 has the striker plate 10 of angle mount in inboard, preheating furnace 1 chamber; Described rotary kiln 2 is sealed cylinders 11 that an inboard is provided with refractory lining, and kiln hood 12 and kiln tail 13 are divided in cylindrical shell 11 two ends, rides on the revolution transmission supporting base 14 of inclination by large-diameter roller bearing and gear wheel engagement respectively; Be respectively equipped with kiln hood end plate 15 and kiln transom piece 16 at cylindrical shell 11 two ends, coal powder injection pipe 17 is arranged on the kiln hood end plate 15, exhaust outlet 18 is arranged on the kiln transom piece 16, charging hole 19, coal filling hole 25 and wind conveying pipe 20, air inlet 8 on the kiln transom piece 16 on the exhaust outlet 18 logical preheating furnaces 1, charging hole 19 connects preheating furnace 1 upper water sleeve tremie pipe 9 on the kiln transom piece 16; The diameter of one section cylindrical shell 11 of described kiln hood 12 is bigger than cylindrical shell 11 middle parts, and this section cylindrical shell 11 1 sides have discharge port 21 to lead to ladle 3.

Below be the operating procedure and the using method of present embodiment:

1. nickel ore batching processing

At first add lime stone in nickel ore, the consumption of lime stone is the 2-5% of nickel ore weight; Be ground into powder below the particle diameter 10mm through pulverizer 22; Send after fully mixing with batch mixer 23 group of pressure in the roll squeezer 24, become the oval pelletizing of 30*40mm;

2. heat is dried dry

The oval pelletizing of gained is through being promoted to preheating furnace 1, heat is dried dry in preheating furnace 900-1100 ℃ high-temperature residual heat, and there are 7 pairs of preheating furnaces of exhaust column 1 to carry out the negative pressure ventilation and dust removal, make oval pelletizing in moisture content in the subnormal ambient of preheating furnace, be evaporated vaporization and extract out with exhaust column 7, the clay mineral crystallization water also at high temperature decomposes to discharge and is drawn out of simultaneously;

3. rotary kiln reduction roasting

The dried oval pelletizing of heat roasting carries out reduction roasting from the kiln tail that the water jacket tremie pipe 9 of preheating furnace 1 enters rotary kiln 2; Rotary kiln 2 is pressed 20-30 to be changeed/hour rotational speed because the inclination of kiln cylinder body and revolution slowly, oval pelletizing will produce one and promptly slide and along the axial integrated operation that moves to low side kiln hood 12 from high-end kiln tail 13 along circumferencial direction; Oval pelletizing experiences the roasting of 1200-1500 ℃ of different warm areas in kiln, softening through mineral, reduction, and fusing, slag making becomes the liquid ferronickel; The temperature of above-mentioned 1200-1500 ℃ different warm areas can spray into 100-150 purpose coal amount by kiln hood coal powder injection pipe 17, air quantity, and the defeated air quantity of kiln tail wind conveying pipe 20 is regulated control; The air quantity of kiln tail wind conveying pipe is mainly regulated the CO burning in the kiln; Said reduction comprises the reduction of nickel and the reduction of iron, and the coarse granule raw coal addition of kiln tail coal filling hole 25 mainly is the also commercial weight of regulating control iron;

4. recycling

When rotary kiln 2 stops operating, liquid ferronickel and slag are expelled to ladle 3 in the open outlet 21 of kiln hood, static half an hour slag liquid are separated better, and the liquid ferronickel flows to the mould 27 from ladle 3, after the cooling, is dilval.Slag is expelled to pond 28 water essence, stacking from ladle 3.

Claims

1. the smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel mainly comprises nickel ore batching process equipment, preheating furnace (1), rotary kiln (2) and ladle (3); It is characterized in that: described preheating furnace (1) is a vertical cylindrical shell (a 11) structure, and the upper end has charging aperture (4) to connect the lifting conveyer (5) of nickel ore batching process equipment, and last side tube-wall has the exhaust column (7) of connection cleaner (6) and air-introduced machine; Air inlet (8) and water jacket tremie pipe (9) are arranged at the bottom of the tube of lower end, and air inlet (8) has the striker plate (10) of angle mount in preheating furnace (1) inboard, chamber; Described rotary kiln (2) is the sealed cylinder (11) that an inboard is provided with refractory lining; Be respectively equipped with kiln hood end plate (15) and kiln transom piece (16) at cylindrical shell (11) two ends, coal powder injection pipe (17) is arranged on the kiln hood end plate (15), exhaust outlet (18) is arranged on the kiln transom piece (16), charging hole (19), coal filling hole (25) and wind conveying pipe (20), kiln transom piece (16) is gone up the air inlet (8) on the logical preheating furnace (1) of exhaust outlet (18), and kiln transom piece (16) is gone up charging hole (19) and connect preheating furnace (1) upper water sleeve tremie pipe (9); The diameter of one section cylindrical shell (11) of described kiln hood (12) is bigger than cylindrical shell (11) middle part, and this section cylindrical shell (11) one sides have discharge port (21) to lead to ladle (3).

2. the smelting device with the nickel ore smelting ferronickel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nickel ore batching process equipment is meant the nickel ore heap ore storage bin of arranging according to flow process (26), pulverizer (22), batch mixer (23) is to roll squeezer (24) and lifting conveyer (5).