CN114812100B - Mineral dewatering equipment and process - Google Patents
Mineral dewatering equipment and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114812100B CN114812100B CN202110189480.0A CN202110189480A CN114812100B CN 114812100 B CN114812100 B CN 114812100B CN 202110189480 A CN202110189480 A CN 202110189480A CN 114812100 B CN114812100 B CN 114812100B
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002784 hot electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ore Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
- F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
- F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of mineral dewatering equipment and process, it utilizes microwave mixing device to produce the microwave and shines to the mineral, reduce the viscosity of the mineral soil, and make the mineral further refine, make the structure of the mineral loose, make the total surface area of the mineral soil increase on the one hand, weaken the holding power of the mineral soil to the moisture on the other hand, make in the course that the follow-up rotary furnace heats, the heated area of the mineral increases, and the moisture breaks away from the mineral soil easily, make the moisture in the mineral evaporate easily, and reduce the moisture content by a wide margin, the moisture content of the mineral can be reduced to the range of 12% to 17% from the range of 30% to 35%.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of mineral processing, and more particularly, to a mineral dewatering apparatus and a process.
Background
The extraction of various metals is mostly to extract ore or sand from a vein, then transport the ore or sand to an extraction unit or factory, and then extract metals such as iron ore, aluminum ore, nickel ore, or the like. For some earths with higher water content, such as laterite bauxite, nickel bauxite, and the like, the existing treatment mode is to directly transport the earths to a refining unit or factory of a destination, and the earths are subjected to water removal in the refining unit or factory and then enter a refining process.
This prior art treatment method makes the high water content ore soil transported from the place of mineral production to the extraction factory, thus increasing the weight of transportation, and at the same time, for the same volume of cargo ships or trucks, the volume of ore soil that can be transported each time is reduced, resulting in an increase in transportation cost, and the extraction factory needs to be built with water removal equipment, and also results in an increase in the construction cost of the extraction factory and a complication in the process.
In addition, the existing ore soil dewatering equipment heats and dewaters the ore soil in a heating mode, and the ore soil contains substances with high viscosity such as clay, so that the water content which can be removed in a given time in a direct heating mode is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a mineral dewatering device and a process, wherein the mineral can be firstly cut by a mineral crushing device, then the viscosity of the mineral is reduced by a microwave mixing device, the particle size of the mineral is further refined, and finally the mineral enters a rotary furnace for heating, so that the water content is greatly reduced.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows.
An embodiment of the mineral dewatering apparatus of the present invention includes a mineral comminuting device, a first microwave mixing device, and a rotary kiln. The mineral crushing device comprises a crushing piece, and the crushing piece crushes the mineral so that the particle size of the mineral before entering the mineral crushing device is larger than the particle size of the mineral after leaving the mineral crushing device. The first microwave mixing device comprises a first microwave cavity, a first conveying member and a plurality of first microwave generating members, wherein the first microwave generating members generate microwaves and emit the microwaves into the first microwave cavity, and the first conveying member is arranged in the first microwave cavity and conveys the minerals from a feed inlet to a discharge outlet of the first microwave cavity. The rotary furnace comprises a rotary furnace body and a heater, wherein the mineral enters the rotary furnace body and rotates along with the rotary furnace body, and the heater heats the mineral positioned in the rotary furnace body. The mineral sequentially passes through the mineral crushing device, the first microwave mixing device and the rotary furnace, and the water content of the mineral is reduced from the range of 30% to 35% to the range of 12% to 17%.
An embodiment of the mineral water removal process of the present invention comprises: raw soil providing: providing a mineral raw soil, wherein the mineral raw soil has a first water content; crushing: cutting the raw mineral soil by a mineral crushing device; a first microwave mixing step: reducing the viscosity of the chopped minerals through a first microwave mixing device and further crushing the crushed minerals; and a heating step: heating the crushed minerals through a rotary furnace to remove water and further crushing to obtain second mineral grains, wherein the second mineral grains have a second water content; wherein the first moisture content is in the range of 30% to 35% and the second moisture content is in the range of 12% to 17%.
According to the mineral dewatering equipment and the process, microwaves are generated by the microwave mixing device and then radiated to the mineral, so that the viscosity of the mineral soil is reduced, the mineral is further thinned, the structure of the mineral is loosened, the total surface area of the mineral soil is increased, the retention force of the mineral soil to moisture is weakened, the heated area of the mineral is increased in the heating process of a follow-up rotary furnace, the moisture is easily separated from the mineral soil, the moisture in the mineral is easily evaporated, and the moisture content is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of microwave mixing treatment of minerals by the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a rear view of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a microwave generating member of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a first microwave mixing device or a second microwave mixing device.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of a first microwave mixing device or a second microwave mixing device.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the mineral water removal apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a rotary kiln of the mineral water removal apparatus of FIG. 10.
Fig. 12 is a graph of distance from the inside of the rotary furnace of fig. 11 to the feed port versus temperature.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a rotary furnace of the mineral water removal apparatus of fig. 10 for heat treating minerals.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a mineral dewatering process performed by the mineral dewatering apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a mineral dewatering process performed by the mineral dewatering apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a mineral water removal process according to the present invention.
Description of the figure:
10: microwave mixing device
11: microwave cavity
12: microwave generating member
13: conveying member
16: pressure changing device
17: driving device
18: first base
19: water-cooled system
20: mineral crushing device
30: first microwave mixing device
40: rotary furnace
41: rotary furnace body
42: heater
43: roller wheel
44: second base
50: second microwave mixing device
60: feeding device
70: conveying device
80: transport appliance
100: mineral dewatering equipment
111: feed inlet
112: discharge port
113: feed hopper
115: air inlet
116: exhaust port
117: airflow generating member
131: shaft body
132: spiral plate
181: supporting frame
182: bearing plate
183: working ladder
191: water inlet pipe
192: drain pipe
193: auxiliary pipe
194: valve body
195: flexible pipe
411: feed inlet
412: discharge port
B: bearing
S1: raw soil providing step
S2: feeding step
S3: crushing step
S4: first microwave mixing step
S5: second microwave mixing step
S6: heating step
S7: and (3) conveying.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, an embodiment of a first microwave mixing device or a second microwave mixing device according to the present invention is shown. The microwave mixing device 10 of the present invention comprises a microwave cavity 11, a plurality of microwave generating members 12 and a conveying member 13.
The microwave cavity 11 is a hollow cavity having a feed port 111 and a discharge port 112. The feed inlet 111 and the discharge outlet 112 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the microwave cavity 11. The feed opening 111 has a feed hopper 113, the feed hopper 113 being upstanding towards the upper side, minerals being guided through the feed opening 111 into the microwave cavity 11 by the feed hopper 113. The discharge port 112 is directed below the microwave cavity 11, and the microwave treated minerals leave the microwave cavity 11 from the discharge port 112. As referred to herein, "above" refers to a direction off the ground, and "below" refers to a direction toward the ground.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the microwave generating elements 12 are inserted into the casing of the microwave cavity 11, each microwave generating element 12 has a microwave emitting end, the microwave emitting end is located in the microwave cavity 11, the microwave emitting end emits microwaves, the microwaves irradiate the minerals conveyed into the microwave cavity 11, and since the microwave cavity 11 of the present embodiment is made of metal, the microwaves can be repeatedly irradiated to the minerals by being continuously reflected by the microwave cavity 11. In this embodiment, the microwave cavity 11 is a polygonal cavity, as shown in fig. 1, the microwave cavity 11 is formed by arranging twelve rectangular metal plates along a circumscribing cylindrical surface two by two to form a cylindrical structure, and two rows of holes are arranged on each rectangular metal plate in the six rectangular metal plates at the upper half (180 degrees), so there are 12 rows of holes in total, and each hole is provided with one microwave generating member 12. In the present embodiment, the microwave generating member 12 is a magnetron (magnetron). The magnetron has a center cathode, an anode surrounding the center cathode, and magnets disposed at both axial ends of the cathode and the anode, a high voltage is applied between the cathode and the anode, and the cathode is heated to dissociate hot electrons and move in an electric field space between the cathode and the anode, and microwaves are generated in a resonant cavity between the cathode and the anode in cooperation with a magnetic field generated by the magnets at both ends, and the generated microwaves are emitted into the microwave cavity 11 through an antenna at a microwave emission end. Since the magnetron requires a high voltage, a plurality of transformation devices 16 are provided at both sides of the outside of the microwave cavity 11 to convert the voltage of the commercial power (110V or 220V) into the high voltage (4000V) required for the magnetron.
As shown in fig. 4, the conveying member 13 is disposed in the microwave cavity 11, and the conveying member 13 of the present embodiment is a screw device, which includes a shaft 131 and a screw plate 132, and the screw plate 132 is disposed along the axial direction of the shaft 131. Both ends of the shaft body 131 are rotatably supported by bearings B, respectively. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, one end of the shaft 131 is connected to a driving device 17, and the driving device 17 drives the shaft 131 to rotate so as to rotate the spiral plate 132. In the present embodiment, the driving device 17 is an electric motor. The output shaft of the driving device 17 is connected to the shaft body 131 via a coupling, whereby the driving device 17 is rotated by the shaft body 131.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, a plurality of air inlets 115 are disposed at an end of the microwave cavity 11 near the discharge port 112, an air outlet 116 is disposed at an end of the microwave cavity 11 near the feed hopper 113, and a plurality of air flow generating members 117 are disposed at the air inlets 115, in this embodiment, the air flow generating members 117 are fans, and the fans rotate to drive air into the microwave cavity 11 to generate air flow in the microwave cavity 11, and the air flow is discharged from the air outlet 116.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the microwave cavity 11, the microwave generating member 12, the conveying member 13, the transforming device 16 and the driving device 17 are disposed on a first base 18. The first base 18 includes a supporting frame 181, a plurality of carrying plates 182, and a working ladder 183. As shown in fig. 3, in order to make the transportation of minerals in the microwave cavity 11 smoother, the supporting frame 181 is provided to have an inclination angle with the ground, and is inclined downward from the feed port 111 to the discharge port 112. In this way, in addition to the conveyor 13 pushing the mineral from the feed opening 111 towards the discharge opening 112, the mineral may also be conveyed by gravity from the feed opening 111 towards the discharge opening 112 by means of the inclined support frame 181. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the carrying plate 182 is disposed between the microwave cavity 11 and the transformer 16 and on both sides of the driving device 17, the working ladder 183 is erected on one side of the supporting frame 181, and an operator can climb to the carrying plate 182 via the working ladder 183 to perform maintenance or operation.
As shown in fig. 5, after mineral grains are fed into the feed hopper 113, they enter the microwave cavity 11 through the feed port 111 by the guide of the feed hopper 113, and the conveyor 13 provided in the microwave cavity 11 pushes the mineral grains to advance in the axial direction, at which time the microwave generating member 12 generates microwaves and emits the microwaves into the microwave cavity 11 to irradiate the mineral grains. The water molecules in the mineral grains are rotated by the microwaves to generate oscillations of the mineral molecules, thereby raising the temperature of the mineral grains. As the temperature increases, part of the water, dust of mineral grains, and the like rises to be suspended in the microwave cavity 11, and the air flow generated in the microwave cavity 11 by the air flow generating member 117 discharges the water, dust, and the like through the air outlet 116. After the mineral grains are irradiated by microwaves, the water content of the mineral grains is reduced, the structure of the mineral grains is loosened, the viscosity of the mineral grains is reduced, and the mineral grains are cracked into grains with smaller grain sizes.
As shown in fig. 7, the microwave generating member 12 of the present embodiment is a magnetron, and the anode of the magnetron is cooled using a water cooling system 19. The water-cooled system 19 includes a water inlet pipe 191 and a water outlet pipe 192, the water inlet pipe 191 and the water outlet pipe 192 are provided with a plurality of sub-pipes 193, each sub-pipe 193 is provided with a valve body 194 and is connected to the microwave generating member 12 via a hose 195, a water jacket surrounds the anode of the microwave generating member 12, cooling water passes through the water jacket from the water inlet pipe 191 via the sub-pipe 193, the valve body 194 and the hose 195, and after absorbing heat generated by the anode, the cooling water with increased temperature enters the water outlet pipe 192 via the hose 195, the valve body 194 and the sub-pipe 193.
Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the microwave generating members 12 are staggered with each other on the microwave cavity 11.
Fig. 9 shows yet another embodiment of the first microwave mixing device or the second microwave mixing device of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the microwave generating members 12 are arranged more closely (at smaller intervals) on the rectangular metal pieces near the top of the microwave cavity 11, and the microwave generating members 12 are arranged more closely (at larger intervals) on the rectangular metal pieces near the bottom of the microwave cavity 11.
Please refer to fig. 10, 11, 14 and 15, which illustrate an embodiment of the mineral water removal apparatus of the present invention. The mineral water removal apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a mineral comminution device 20, a first microwave mixing device 30 and a rotary kiln 40. The mineral water removal device of the embodiment is suitable for high-viscosity and high-water-content mineral clay (laterite bauxite and nickel clay). Minerals mined from a mine site have a moisture content of 30% to 35%.
The mineral is fed to the mineral comminution apparatus 20, the mineral comminution apparatus 20 comprising comminution members which chop the mineral such that the particle size of the mineral before entering the mineral comminution apparatus 20 is greater than the particle size of the mineral after leaving the mineral comminution apparatus 20. In this embodiment, the mineral comminution device 20 is a crusher, which may be a single, double or quad crusher. The minerals are chopped by the mineral crushing device 20 to form material particles with the particle size smaller than 20 cm, and the material particles are uniformly discharged and conveyed to the first microwave mixing device 30.
The first microwave mixing device 30 may be a microwave mixing device as shown in fig. 1 to 9. The first microwave mixing device 30 comprises a first microwave cavity (such as the microwave cavity 11), a first conveying member (such as the conveying member 13) and a plurality of first microwave generating members (such as the microwave generating members 12) which generate microwaves and emit the microwaves into the first microwave cavity, wherein the output power of the first microwave mixing device is in the range of 100 kilowatts to 140 kilowatts. The first conveying member is disposed in the first microwave cavity and conveys minerals from a feed port (e.g., feed port 111) to a discharge port (e.g., discharge port 112) of the first microwave cavity. The first microwave mixing device 30 is that the minerals pass through the first microwave mixing device 30, and partial moisture can be removed by increasing the temperature of the minerals through microwaves, so that the moisture content is slightly reduced to 31%, the bonding of crystal water is broken to break the viscosity of the minerals, the organic matters in the mineral soil are decomposed and are not mutually entangled any more, the particle size of the minerals is reduced, and the minerals form material particles with the particle size less than 4 centimeters when being output through the first microwave mixing device 30.
As shown in fig. 11 and 13, the rotary kiln 40 includes a rotary kiln body 41 and a heater 42, minerals entering the rotary kiln body 41 and rotating with the rotary kiln body 41, the heater 42 heating the minerals located inside the rotary kiln body 41. The rotary furnace 41 has a roller 43 below, the roller 43 is driven to rotate by a motor, and the rotary furnace 41 is supported by the roller 43 and rotates with the roller 43. The rollers 43 are arranged on a second base 44, the second base 44 being arranged with an inclination angle with respect to the ground so that the minerals can be transported by gravity moving in the rotating furnace body 41. The height of the feed port 411 of the rotary furnace body 41 with respect to the ground is greater than the height of the discharge port 412 of the rotary furnace body 41 with respect to the ground. The heater 42 is a diesel burner and is arranged at the tail end of the rotary furnace body 41, the heater 42 generates flame in the rotary furnace body 41 and heats the minerals moving in the rotary furnace body 41 to a temperature range of 430-470 ℃ so as to remove the moisture of the minerals, and the minerals form grains with a moisture content of 12-17% and a mineral grain diameter of less than 1.5 cm after passing through the rotary furnace body 41. Fig. 12 is a graph showing the temperature of the rotary furnace 40 and the distance between the feed ports 411 according to the present embodiment. As can be seen from fig. 12, the temperature is highest in the middle portion of the rotary furnace 40, exceeds 700 degrees celsius, and the temperature at the inlet 411 and the outlet 412 is lowest, between 200 degrees celsius and 300 degrees celsius.
As shown in fig. 10 and 14, the mineral dewatering apparatus 100 of the present invention further includes a second microwave mixing device 50, and the mineral grains processed by the first microwave mixing device 30 are transferred to the second microwave mixing device 50, and the second microwave mixing device 50 may be a microwave mixing device as shown in fig. 1 to 11. The second microwave mixing device 50 comprises a second microwave cavity (such as the aforementioned microwave cavity 11), a second conveying member (such as the aforementioned conveying member 13) and a plurality of second microwave generating members (such as the aforementioned microwave generating member 12), wherein the second microwave generating members generate microwaves and emit the microwaves into the second microwave cavity, and the output power of the second microwave mixing device is in the range of 60 kilowatts to 100 kilowatts. The second conveying member is disposed in the second microwave cavity and conveys minerals from a feed port (e.g., feed port 111) to a discharge port (e.g., discharge port 112) of the second microwave cavity. The second microwave mixing device 50 is that the mineral passes through the second microwave mixing device 50, and part of water can be removed again by raising the temperature of the mineral by means of microwaves, so that the water content is reduced to 30%, the bonding of crystal water is broken to break the viscosity of the mineral, the particle size of the mineral is reduced, and the mineral forms material particles with the particle size less than 4 cm when being output by the second microwave mixing device 50. The minerals are conveyed to the rotary kiln 40 after irradiation with microwaves via the second microwave mixing device 50.
The soil moisture evaporation rate coupling model is shown in the following two relational expressions:
E w ＝(ΔR n +γE aw )/(Δ+γA)
E aw ＝0.35(1+0.146u w )e aw (B-A)
wherein E is w For evaporation rate (mm/day), Δ is the slope of the saturated vapor pressure versus temperature, R n Is net radiation (W/m) 2 ) Gamma is the dry-wet surface constant (kPa/. Degree.C.), u w For wind speed (km/hr), e aw The vapor pressure (mm-Hg) of the soil surface is the reciprocal of the relative humidity of air, and the reciprocal of the relative humidity of the soil surface is B. When the mineral water removal device 100 of the present invention is used for processing minerals in each processing stage, the theoretical value of the water content of the minerals in each stage (data calculated by using the soil moisture evaporation rate coupling model) and the experimental value (data in actual implementation) are compared as follows:
fig. 15 shows another embodiment of the mineral water removal apparatus 100 of the present invention. The present embodiment has a partially identical structure to the embodiment of fig. 14, and identical elements are given identical reference numerals and their description is omitted. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment of fig. 14 is that this embodiment further includes a feeding device 60 and a conveying device 70, and minerals are fed into the feeding device 60 by the excavator, so as to avoid impact on equipment caused by directly feeding minerals into the mineral crushing device 20. The minerals are transported from the feeder apparatus 60 to the mineral comminution apparatus 20. In this embodiment, the feeding device 60 may be a vibratory feeder, the conveying device 70 may be a conveyor belt, and the minerals heated by the rotary furnace 40 are conveyed to a conveyor 80, such as a cargo ship or a truck, by the conveying device 70.
FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a mineral water removal process according to the present invention, which includes: a raw soil providing step S1, a crushing step S3, a first microwave mixing step S4 and a heating step S6. In this embodiment, the mineral dewatering process of the present invention further includes a second microwave mixing step S5. In this embodiment, the mineral water removal process of the present invention further includes a feeding step S2. In this embodiment, the mineral water removal process of the present invention further includes a conveying step S7.
In step S1, it provides step S1 for the raw soil: providing a mineral raw soil, wherein the mineral raw soil has a first water content. In this embodiment, the mineral raw earth is an earth (laterite type bauxite, nickel earth ore) having high viscosity and high water content. Minerals mined from a mine site have a moisture content of 30% to 35%. Then, the process proceeds to step S2.
In step S2, it is a feeding step S2: the raw ore is fed into the feeder 60 and conveyed to the mineral crushing device 20 through the feeder 60. Then, the process proceeds to step S3.
In step S3, it is a crushing step S3: the raw mineral earth is chopped by the mineral crushing device 20. The mineral smashing device 20 is a crusher, and the mineral is smashed by the mineral smashing device 20 to form material particles with the particle size smaller than 20 cm and is evenly discharged. Then, the process proceeds to step S4.
In step S4, it is a first microwave mixing step S4: the chopped minerals are reduced in viscosity and further crushed by a first microwave mixing device 30, the water content is slightly reduced to 31%, the bonding of crystal water is broken to break the viscosity of the minerals, the particle size of the minerals is reduced, and the minerals form material particles with the particle size smaller than 4 cm when being output by the first microwave mixing device 30. Then, the process proceeds to step S5.
In step S5, it is a second microwave mixing step S5: the mineral treated in the first microwave step is reduced in viscosity and further crushed by the second microwave mixing device 50. The water content is reduced to 30%, the viscosity of the minerals is further destroyed, the particle size of the minerals is reduced, and the minerals form material particles with the particle size of less than 4 cm when being output through the second microwave mixing device 50. Then, the process proceeds to step S6.
In step S6, it is a heating step S6: the crushed minerals are heated in the rotary kiln 40 to remove moisture and further crushed to produce a mineral log having a second moisture content. The rotary furnace body 41 of the rotary furnace 40 rotates to turn over minerals, and simultaneously the heater 42 generates flames in the rotary furnace body 41 to heat the minerals in the rotary furnace body 41 to remove moisture, thereby obtaining mineral grains. The second moisture content is in the range of 12% to 17%. Then, the process proceeds to step S7.
In step S7, conveying step S7: the mineral aggregate is conveyed to a conveyor 80 via the conveyor 70 described above.
According to the mineral dewatering equipment and the process, microwaves are generated by the microwave mixing device and then radiated to the mineral, so that the viscosity of the mineral soil is reduced, the mineral is further thinned, the structure of the mineral is loosened, the total surface area of the mineral soil is increased, the retention force of the mineral soil to moisture is weakened, the heated area of the mineral is increased in the heating process of a follow-up rotary furnace, the moisture is easily separated from the mineral soil, the moisture in the mineral is easily evaporated, and the moisture content is greatly reduced.
Claims (14)
1. Mineral water removal apparatus for reducing the water content of a mineral, the mineral water removal apparatus (100) comprising:
a mineral comminution apparatus (20) comprising comminution means for comminuting the mineral such that the particle size of the mineral before entering the mineral comminution apparatus (20) is greater than the particle size of the mineral after exiting the mineral comminution apparatus (20);
a first microwave mixing device (30) comprising a first microwave cavity, a first conveying member and a plurality of first microwave generating members, wherein the plurality of first microwave generating members generate microwaves and emit the microwaves into the first microwave cavity, the first conveying member is arranged in the first microwave cavity and conveys the minerals from a feed inlet to a discharge outlet of the first microwave cavity, the plurality of first microwave generating members are a plurality of magnetrons, the first microwave mixing device (30) further comprises a water-cooled system (19), the water-cooled system (19) comprises a water inlet pipe (191) and a water outlet pipe (192), the water inlet pipe (191) and the water outlet pipe (192) are provided with a plurality of auxiliary pipes (193), each auxiliary pipe (193) is provided with a valve body (194) and is connected with the first microwave generating member through a hose (195), a water jacket surrounds an anode of the first microwave generating member, and cooling water passes through the auxiliary pipe (193), the valve body (194) and the hose (195) from the water inlet pipe (191) and the anode, and the cooling water passes through the water jacket and absorbs the heat generated by the auxiliary pipe (191) and the water outlet pipe (192) and the cooling water (192) and the water (192) enters the auxiliary pipe (193);
a rotary furnace (40) comprising a rotary furnace body (41) and a heater (42), the minerals entering the rotary furnace body (41) and rotating with the rotary furnace body (41), the heater (42) heating the minerals located inside the rotary furnace body (41);
wherein the mineral sequentially passes through the mineral crushing device (20), the first microwave mixing device (30) and the rotary furnace (40), and the water content of the mineral is reduced from a range of 30% to 35% to a range of 12% to 17%;
the first conveying part of the first microwave mixing device (30) is a spiral part, the spiral part extends along the axial direction of the first microwave cavity, a plurality of air inlets (115) are arranged at one end of a discharge hole (112) of the first microwave cavity of the first microwave mixing device (30) close to the first microwave cavity, an air outlet (116) is arranged at one end of the first microwave cavity close to a feed hopper (113), and a plurality of air flow generating parts (117) are arranged at the air inlets (115).
2. The mineral dewatering apparatus of claim 1, comprising a second microwave mixing device (50) including a second microwave cavity, a second conveying member and a plurality of second microwave generating members, the plurality of second microwave generating members generating microwaves and emitting the microwaves into the second microwave cavity, the second conveying member being disposed in the second microwave cavity and conveying the mineral from a feed port to a discharge port of the second microwave cavity, the mineral sequentially passing through the mineral comminution device (20), the first microwave mixing device (30), the second microwave mixing device (50) and the rotary furnace (40).
3. Mineral dewatering equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the second conveying member of the second microwave mixing device (50) is a screw member extending in the axial direction of the second microwave cavity.
4. A mineral dewatering apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the mineral is formed into granules having a particle size of less than 4 cm via the first microwave mixing device (30) and the second microwave mixing device (50).
5. Mineral dewatering equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the output power of the first microwave mixing device (30) is in the range of 100-140 kilowatts and the output power of the second microwave mixing device (50) is in the range of 60-100 kilowatts.
6. Mineral water removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heater (42) of the rotary furnace (40) is a burner.
7. The mineral dewatering apparatus of claim 5, wherein the rotary furnace (40) heats the mineral to a temperature in a range of 430 ℃ to 470 ℃.
8. The mineral dewatering installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary furnace body (41) of the rotary furnace (40) has an inclination angle with respect to the ground, the height of the feed opening (411) of the rotary furnace body (41) with respect to the ground being greater than the height of the discharge opening (412) of the rotary furnace body (41) with respect to the ground.
9. A mineral dewatering apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral is shredded into granules having a particle size of less than 20 cm via the mineral comminution device (20).
10. The mineral dewatering apparatus of claim 1, including a feeder (60) and a conveyor (70), wherein the mineral is conveyed to the mineral comminution device (20) via the feeder (60), and wherein the mineral heated by the rotary furnace (40) is conveyed to a conveyor (80) via the conveyor (70).
11. A mineral water removal process using the mineral water removal apparatus of claim 1, comprising:
a raw soil providing step (S1): providing a mineral raw soil, wherein the mineral raw soil has a first water content;
a crushing step (S3): chopping the raw mineral earth via the mineral comminution device (20);
a first microwave mixing step (S4): reducing the viscosity of the chopped minerals via the first microwave mixing device (30) and further crushing;
a heating step (S6): heating the crushed mineral to remove moisture and further crushing the mineral by the rotary furnace (40) to obtain a mineral grain, wherein the mineral grain has a second water content;
wherein the first moisture content is in the range of 30% to 35% and the second moisture content is in the range of 12% to 17%.
12. The mineral dewatering process of claim 11, further comprising a second microwave mixing device (50), the mineral dewatering process further comprising a second microwave mixing step (S5): the mineral treated in the first microwave step (S4) is reduced in viscosity and further crushed by the second microwave mixing device (50).
13. The mineral water removal process of claim 12, wherein the mineral water removal apparatus further comprises a feed machine, the mineral water removal process further comprising a feed step (S2): the raw ore is conveyed to the mineral crushing device through a feeding machine.
14. The mineral water removal process of claim 11, wherein the mineral water removal apparatus further comprises a conveyor (70), the mineral water removal process further comprising a conveying step (S7): the mineral grains are transported by a transport device (70) to a transport device (80).
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| TW110103054 | 2021-01-27 | ||
| TW110103054A TWI754529B (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Mineral water removal equipment and process |
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| TW202229566A (en) | 2022-08-01 |
| TWI754529B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
| CN114812100A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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