CN111111682A - 一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法 - Google Patents
一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111111682A CN111111682A CN201911401573.4A CN201911401573A CN111111682A CN 111111682 A CN111111682 A CN 111111682A CN 201911401573 A CN201911401573 A CN 201911401573A CN 111111682 A CN111111682 A CN 111111682A
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- metal
- catalyst
- nickel
- acid
- cobalt
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- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YVBOZGOAVJZITM-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium phosphomolybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])=O.[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O YVBOZGOAVJZITM-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- OBWXQDHWLMJOOD-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);dicarbonate;dihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O OBWXQDHWLMJOOD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法。该方法选取VIII族过渡金属镍和/或钴的可溶盐，及VIB族过渡金属钼和/或钨的可溶盐，配制成金属盐溶液，在金属盐溶液中先后加入有机酸络合剂和表面活性剂，高速搅拌下与金属离子结合形成对金属的“包覆”，促使金属‑有机物粒子以溶胶形态分散于体系中，形成金属胶溶液；在拟薄水铝石中加入扩孔剂，与制备的金属胶溶液混合，经过混捏‑成型工艺制备成半成品，再经干燥、焙烧得到催化剂成品。本发明制备方法制备流程短、成本低，同时金属前驱体的特殊粒子形态可使氢氧化铝在脱水转晶过程中与金属基团保持较弱相互作用，从而避免金属与氧化铝的过度结合，制备得到的催化剂活性高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于石油炼制领域，具体涉及一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，随着社会对环境保护的要求提高，清洁燃料的质量标准不断提高，促使各炼油企业对加氢生产装置不断进行改造升级以满足产品质量提升的要求。炼厂加氢装置对于高活性催化剂的需求旺盛，推动了催化剂行业的快速发展，加氢催化剂的市场竞争越来越激烈，这一现状要求研究者在催化剂的研发和改进过程中，注重提高催化剂活性的同时要不断降低催化剂加工成本方可满足日益苛刻的市场需求。
目前工业上使用的加氢处理催化剂主要是采用以氧化铝或改性氧化铝为载体的负载法制备，制备流程包括氧化铝载体的成型、载体干燥、载体焙烧、金属浸渍液配制、载体浸渍、催化剂干燥、催化剂焙烧以及有机物后处理等，由于制备工艺流程复杂，高耗能步骤多，导致现有的加氢催化剂生产成本居高不下。因此简化加工步骤是降低催化剂成本的有效方法，但如何在简化制备工艺的同时又保证催化剂的活性不降低，甚至提高催化剂的加氢活性，则是需要研究者重点解决的问题。
文献报道，黄大为等(混捏法制备NiMo/TiO2加氢脱硫成型催化剂[C].第七届中国功能材料及其应用学术会议论文集,2010.81～83)采用混捏法制备钛载体的加氢催化剂：将镍盐和钼盐配制的水溶液与H2TiO5·nH2O和钛的非晶态化合物混合、挤条、烘干和焙烧而成。与氧化铝相比，氧化钛作为加氢催化剂载体具有脱硫活性高的优势，但其比表面积、孔容小的劣势是制约其应用的重要因素，采用该“混捏法”制备钛载体加氢催化剂，可明显改善催化剂的孔结构，提高催化剂比表面积和孔容。
专利CN 1091135C公开了一种重油加氢处理催化剂及其制备方法。该方法以Mo-Ni为活性组分，添加Ti为活性助剂，把经过焙烧可转化为γ-Al2O3的氢氧化铝干胶粉先加入一种含VIB金属的碱性溶液，充分混捏，至氢氧化铝干胶粉完全被碱性液润湿，再加入一种VIII族和IVB族金属的酸性溶液，混捏、成型、干燥、焙烧得到催化剂。采用该方法制备渣油加氢催化剂，有利于助活性组分Ti的均匀分布，且所制备催化剂比表面达到220～260m2/g、孔容达到0.40～0.46ml/g，其大孔容、高比表面积有利于提高渣油加氢反应中大分子的通过率和反应效率。
专利CN 100537028C公开了一种加氢处理催化剂的制备方法。该方法与专利CN1091135C方法基本类似，以γ-Al2O3为载体，以VIB族和VIII族金属为活性组分，以Ti等为活性助剂，采用完全混捏法制备催化剂，即把钛盐溶液和氢氧化铝干胶混合，再先后加入VIB族金属的碱性溶液和VIII族金属的酸性溶液混捏成型制备催化剂。此类“完全混捏法”可在一定程度上简化工艺流程，且可大幅提高催化剂孔容及比表面积，但也存在着制约其应用的弊端：一、该方法中几种活性金属及助金属需分别配制溶液，并先后与氢氧化铝混合，配制多股溶液，对氧化铝前驱体而言外加水量较大，不利于催化剂成型及催化剂强度，而且两股活性金属溶液分别为酸性和碱性，pH值的剧烈变化易导致金属发生沉淀反应在氧化铝表面聚集；二、所配制的溶液中，金属离子缺少有效的“包覆”和保护，金属离子在氧化铝前驱体转晶的过程中进入氧化铝晶格，与Al-OH键结合生成钼酸铝晶相是限制此类“完全混捏法”所制备催化剂活性的重要因素。
文献报道，张孔远等(新型混捏法CoMo/γ-Al2O3加氢脱硫催化剂[J].石油学报(石油加工),2005.21(1):6～11)研究了“湿混捏法”制备CoMo/γ-Al2O3催化剂，该方法类似于上述的“完全混捏法”，是将金属盐的酸性溶液与拟薄水铝石直接混合成型，成型后经过干燥、焙烧得到成品催化剂。文章通过实验研究得出结论：当金属负载量超过单层分散阈值时(较低的金属负载量，仅限实验研究，不可用于工业催化剂)，金属钼将与氧化铝结合形成钼酸铝晶相，从而降低金属利用率，削弱催化剂活性。因此，此类方法若要实现对传统负载法的替代，需解决制备过程中金属与氧化铝过度结合的问题以保证催化剂活性。
目前工业上使用的加氢处理催化剂主要采用以氧化铝或改性氧化铝为载体的负载法制备，制备流程包括氧化铝载体的成型、载体干燥、载体焙烧、金属浸渍液配制、载体浸渍、催化剂干燥、催化剂焙烧以及有机物后处理等。由于制备工艺流程复杂，高耗能步骤多，导致现有的加氢催化剂生产成本居高不下。近年来，研究者通过干混捏法、湿混捏法等制备工艺的改进，可在一定程度上实现制备流程的简化，但这些改进的方法均未能解决活性组分分散不均匀、金属颗粒团聚以及金属与氧化铝过度结合等问题，导致金属利用率下降，所制备的催化剂活性较低，从而未能实现该技术的工业应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法。
为此，本发明从解决以上技术问题的角度入手，首先通过活性组分与氧化铝支撑结构的一步混合成型，实现工艺流程的简化，省去载体干燥、焙烧及浸渍负载等高耗能、强放热的中间步骤，有效降低加工成本；其次，利用表面活性剂的引入将活性金属前驱物溶液制成半溶胶体系，通过表面活性剂在钼酸根和钨酸根负离子表面的吸附，对金属离子形成包覆，并增大粒子尺寸，利用其位阻效应，减弱活性组分与氧化铝的结合作用，避免了活性组分在氢氧化铝转晶过程中进入氧化铝的晶格结构，同时表面活性剂的离散作用也防止了活性金属组分在载体孔道中的团聚，有利于金属分散度的提高。
本发明具体通过如下技术方案解决上述技术问题的：
一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)选取VIII族过渡金属镍和/或钴的可溶盐，及VIB族过渡金属钼和/或钨的可溶盐，配制成金属盐溶液，在金属盐溶液中先后加入有机酸络合剂和表面活性剂，高速搅拌下与金属离子结合形成对金属的“包覆”，促使金属-有机物粒子以溶胶形态分散于体系中，形成金属胶溶液；
2)在拟薄水铝石中加入扩孔剂，与1)步制备的金属胶溶液混合，经过混捏-成型工艺制备成半成品，再经干燥、焙烧得到催化剂成品；
步骤1)中金属盐的加入量按照成品催化剂的组成确定，所述催化剂组成如下：氧化镍和/或氧化钴的含量为2～12wt％，氧化钼和/或氧化钨的含量为6～28wt％，其余组分为氧化铝；有机酸络合剂的加入比例为，有机酸络合剂与金属镍和/或钴的摩尔比＝(0.6～1.5)：1；表面活性剂在溶液中的加入量为1～20g/100mL。
本发明所述的制备方法中，优选步骤1)中所述的金属镍的可溶盐为硝酸镍、乙酸镍、草酸镍、碳酸镍和碱式碳酸镍中的一种或几种，金属钴的可溶盐为硝酸钴、碳酸钴和碱式碳酸钴中的一种或几种，金属钼的可溶盐为仲钼酸铵、磷钼酸和磷钼酸铵中的一种或几种，金属钨的可溶盐为磷钨酸、硅钨酸和偏钨酸铵中的一种或几种。
本发明所述的制备方法中，优选步骤1)中所使用的多羟基酸为乳酸、草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸中的一种或几种；所使用的表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乙二醇(PEG)10000、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)中的一种或几种。
本发明所述的催化剂制备方法，步骤2)中所述的拟薄水铝石要求孔容≮0.90mL/g，比表面积≮320m2/g；所述的粘结剂为田菁胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素、可溶性淀粉、活性炭中的一种或几种。
所述的催化剂制备方法中，步骤2)中所述的干燥、焙烧过程，优选所采用的干燥温度为90～120℃，干燥时间为2～8小时，所采用的焙烧温度为450～600℃，焙烧时间1～4小时。
本发明还提供了一种根据上述制备方法制备得到的催化剂，其中所述的催化剂的孔容≮0.40mL/g，比表面积≮200m2/g，机械强度≮150N/cm。
本发明还提供了上述加氢处理催化剂在二次加工柴油、减压蜡油、焦化蜡油以及中低温煤焦油中任一劣质原料的加氢处理过程中的应用。
本发明所提供的催化剂制备方法，可用于常减压装置馏分油及焦化、催化裂化等装置二次加工馏分油加氢处理催化剂的制备。
本发明提供的催化剂制备方法，与常规负载法相比，制备工艺流程缩短，高耗能步骤减少，加工成本有效降低；与现有的“完全混捏法”、“湿混捏法”等方法相比，所制备催化剂活性金属与氧化铝结合度适中，金属分散均匀、利用率高，解决了上述方法制备催化剂低于常规负载法的问题，同时，本发明方法的制备工艺操作简便、过程可控，可满足工业生产与应用的需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明高效制备方法制备得到加氢催化剂的XRD晶相谱图。
具体实施方式
以下将通过具体的实施例进一步阐述本发明的特征，但不局限于以下实施例。以下涉及的百分比均为重量百分比。
实施例1
取仲钼酸铵54g，硝酸镍32g，柠檬酸17g，加入150mL去离子水中搅拌溶解，取表面活性剂聚乙烯醇18g溶于100mL沸水中，将表面活性剂水溶液与金属溶液混合搅拌均匀，得到透明的胶溶液，记为Y-1。
取278g拟薄水铝石，加入8g羟丙基甲基纤维素，投入捏合机中混捏20min后，将第一步配制的金属胶溶液Y-1均匀加入混捏物料中，继续混捏40min至物料颜色均一、干湿适中、指捏可成团后，取出挤条成型。
成型后的小条经过120℃干燥4h，480℃焙烧3h，得到成品催化剂TS-1。催化剂物性见表1。
实施例2
取仲钼酸铵54g，乙酸镍27g，酒石酸22g，加入150mL去离子水中搅拌溶解，取表面活性剂聚丙烯酰胺15g溶于100mL去离子水中，将表面活性剂水溶液与金属溶液混合搅拌均匀，得到透明的胶溶液，记为Y-2。
取278g拟薄水铝石，加入8g田菁粉，投入捏合机中混捏20min后，将第一步配制的金属胶溶液Y-2均匀加入混捏物料中，继续混捏35min至物料颜色均一、干湿适中、指捏可成团后，取出挤条成型。
成型后的小条经过120℃干燥4h，480℃焙烧3h，得到成品催化剂TS-2。催化剂物性见表1，催化剂晶相分析见图1。
实施例3
取偏钨酸铵39g、仲钼酸铵27、乙酸镍27g，苹果酸15g，加入150mL去离子水中搅拌溶解，取表面活性剂聚乙二醇(10000)26g溶于100mL去离子水中，将表面活性剂水溶液与金属溶液混合搅拌均匀，得到透明的胶溶液，记为Y-3。
取278g拟薄水铝石，加入8g可溶性淀粉，投入捏合机中混捏20min后，将第一步配制的金属胶溶液Y-3均匀加入混捏物料中，继续混捏45min至物料颜色均一、干湿适中、指捏可成团后，取出挤条成型。
成型后的小条经过120℃干燥4h，480℃焙烧3h，得到成品催化剂TS-3。催化剂物性见表1。
实施例4
取磷钨酸25g、硝酸镍32g，草酸12g，加入150mL去离子水中搅拌溶解，取表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮21g溶于100mL去离子水中，将表面活性剂水溶液与金属溶液混合搅拌均匀，得到透明的胶溶液，记为Y-4。
取278g拟薄水铝石，加入8g活性炭，投入捏合机中混捏20min后，将第一步配制的金属胶溶液Y-4均匀加入混捏物料中，继续混捏50min至物料颜色均一、干湿适中、指捏可成团后，取出挤条成型。
成型后的小条经过120℃干燥4h，480℃焙烧3h，得到成品催化剂TS-3。催化剂物性见表1。
对比例1
采用常规负载法制备相同金属含量的催化剂。
取278g拟薄水铝石，加入8g田菁粉投入捏合机中混捏20min；取6g浓硝酸溶于250mL去离子水中，将配成的稀硝酸溶液均匀加入混捏物料中，继续捏合30min，取出挤条成型。将成型后的小条经120℃干燥6h，550℃焙烧3h，得到氧化铝载体。
取氧化钼48g，碱式碳酸镍13g，柠檬酸22g，溶于氨水溶液中，稳定澄清后定容至160mL，得到金属浸渍液，采用等体积浸渍法将金属浸渍液负载于第一步制备的载体上，经过室温养生7小时，120℃干燥4h，480℃焙烧3h，得到成品催化剂RS-1。催化剂物性见表1，催化剂晶相分析见图1。
对比例2
采用现有专利所述的“完全混捏法”制备相同金属组成的催化剂。
取氧化钼48g，溶于160ml氨水溶液中，记为碱性溶液-1；取硝酸镍32g、乙酸10g，溶于100ml去离子水中，记为酸性溶液-2.
取氢氧化铝干胶粉278g，加入8g田菁粉投入捏合机中混合均匀，加入碱性溶液-1，继续混捏至粉体均匀润湿，再加入酸性溶液-2混捏40min，物料可塑后，取出挤条成型。将成型后的小条经120℃干燥4h，480℃焙烧3h，得到成品催化剂RS-2。催化剂物性见表1，催化剂晶相分析见图1。
实施例5-8
本实例说明本发明提供的催化剂对于劣质催化柴油的加氢反应性能。
采用炼厂催化裂化装置所产的劣质催化柴油作为反应原料，原料主要性质见表2。
采用100mL的固定床加氢装置分别对催化剂TS-1、TS-2、TS-3、TS-4进行加氢反应性能评价，催化剂床层上端装填等量的加氢保护剂。
催化剂硫化条件：使用含3％CS2的航煤，在空速1.0h-1，氢油体积比500:1，压力8.5MPa的压力下，对催化剂进行预硫化。
硫化升温程序：在120℃下进预硫化油，稳定2h；以15℃/h升温至150℃，恒温硫化4h；以6℃/h升温至230℃，恒温硫化10h；以6℃/h升温至290℃，恒温硫化6h；以10℃/h升温至340℃，恒温硫化6h；最后自然降温至200℃，切换反应原料。
反应操作条件：压力8.5MPa，平均反应温度350℃，氢油体积比700：1，体积空速为1.0h-1。评价结果见表2。
对比例3-4
本对比例说明通过本专利方法制备的催化剂与对比例1、对比例2所制备催化剂的反应性能对比。对比剂的评价实验采用与实施例5-8相同的方法进行，催化剂评价结果见表2。
表1催化剂的物性分析
由图1中XRD晶相分析谱图可以看出，采用“完全混捏法”制备的催化剂RS-2与常规负载法制备的催化剂RS-1相比在2θ角25°左右出现明显的钼酸铝晶相峰，而采用本专利方法制备的催化剂TS-2则没有明显的钼酸铝峰出现，其XRD曲线与负载法基本接近，表明本专利方法可有效抑制氢氧化铝转晶过程中与活性金属的过度结合。
表2催化剂的评价结果
表2中对比评价结果验证了本专利方法所制备催化剂与对比催化剂的实际反应活性水平，结果显示：在同等条件下与RS-2相比，采用本专利方法制备的催化剂加氢后的催化柴油具有更低的硫、氮和芳烃含量，其中实施例2、实施例3所制备催化剂加氢后的柴油产品质量更优于常规负载法制备的催化剂，表明本专利方法制备的催化剂具有良好的加氢活性及应用价值。
Claims (7)
1.一种加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1)选取VIII族过渡金属镍和/或钴的可溶盐，及VIB族过渡金属钼和/或钨的可溶盐，配制成金属盐溶液，在金属盐溶液中先后加入有机酸络合剂和表面活性剂，高速搅拌下与金属离子结合形成对金属的“包覆”，促使金属-有机物粒子以溶胶形态分散于体系中，形成金属胶溶液；
2)在拟薄水铝石中加入扩孔剂，与1)步制备的金属胶溶液混合，经过混捏-成型工艺制备成半成品，再经干燥、焙烧得到催化剂成品；
步骤1)中金属盐的加入量按照成品催化剂的组成确定，催化剂组成如下：氧化镍和/或氧化钴的含量为2～12wt％，氧化钼和/或氧化钨的含量为6～28wt％，其余组分为氧化铝；有机酸络合剂的加入比例为，有机酸络合剂与金属镍和/或钴的摩尔比＝(0.6～1.5)：1；表面活性剂在溶液中的加入量为1～20g/100mL。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法，其特征在于，所述的金属镍的可溶盐为硝酸镍、乙酸镍、草酸镍、碳酸镍和碱式碳酸镍中的一种或几种，金属钴的可溶盐为硝酸钴、碳酸钴和碱式碳酸钴中的一种或几种，金属钼的可溶盐为仲钼酸铵、磷钼酸和磷钼酸铵中的一种或几种，金属钨的可溶盐为磷钨酸、硅钨酸和偏钨酸铵中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法，其特征在于，所述的催化剂制备方法，步骤1)中所述的有机酸络合剂为乳酸、草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸中的一种或几种，所述的表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇10000、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中所述的拟薄水铝石要求孔容≮0.90mL/g，比表面积≮320m2/g；所述的粘结剂为田菁胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素、可溶性淀粉、活性炭中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中所述的干燥、焙烧过程，所采用的干燥温度为90～120℃，干燥时间为2～8小时，所采用的焙烧温度为450～600℃，焙烧时间1～4小时。
6.一种权利要求1所述的加氢处理催化剂的高效制备方法制备得到的催化剂，其特征在于，所述的催化剂的孔容≮0.40mL/g，比表面积≮200m2/g，机械强度≮150N/cm。
7.一种根据权利要求6所述的加氢处理催化剂在二次加工柴油、减压蜡油、焦化蜡油以及中低温煤焦油中任一劣质原料的加氢处理过程中的应用。
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