CN110999694A - Method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage - Google Patents
Method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110999694A CN110999694A CN202010122295.5A CN202010122295A CN110999694A CN 110999694 A CN110999694 A CN 110999694A CN 202010122295 A CN202010122295 A CN 202010122295A CN 110999694 A CN110999694 A CN 110999694A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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Abstract
The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage comprises the following steps: step one, sowing tomatoes in a culture dish completely surrounded by a gauze cage; step two, irrigating the cultured tomato seedlings with flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240 SC; step three, transplanting the tomato seedlings in the step two into a greenhouse film; step four, spreading salicylic acid to slowly release the granules; spraying 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder to the tomato seedlings subjected to the steps; and sixthly, respectively spraying flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240SC on the tomato seedlings obtained in the previous step. A method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage comprises the steps of applying various novel, efficient and low-toxicity medicaments and plant immune activators, blocking key behaviors of bemisia tabaci virus transmission from outside of a plant body, activating defense reaction of the plant body to resist bemisia tabaci virus transmission, and green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci on tomatoes and tomato yellow leaf curl virus transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural operation, in particular to a method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage.
Background
Tomatoes are vegetable crops with important economic value and are widely planted.
The bemisia tabaci is a major agricultural pest invaded from the outside, the individual is tiny, the drug resistance is strong, the transmitted tomato yellow leaf curl virus TYLCV disease is called tomato cancer, and the combination for effectively preventing and controlling the disease and pest is a worldwide problem at present.
At present, chemical prevention is mainly used for controlling bemisia tabaci, and the main medicine application mode is to spray the medicine after bemisia tabaci occurs, so that the medicine application amount is large, meanwhile, the medicine is scattered to cause harm to the health of medicine application personnel, water bodies can be polluted, serious ecological negative effects are caused, and the planting cost is increased.
Therefore, the problems of the prior art are to be further improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for blocking the key virus-transmission behavior of bemisia tabaci from outside the plant body and activating the defense reaction of the plant body to resist the bemisia tabaci from transmitting TYLCV.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provides a method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage, which comprises the following steps,
step one, sowing tomatoes in a culture dish completely surrounded by a gauze cage;
step two, irrigating the cultured tomato seedlings with flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240 SC;
step three, transplanting the tomato seedlings in the step two into a greenhouse film;
step four, spreading salicylic acid to slowly release the granules;
spraying 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder to the tomato seedlings subjected to the steps;
and sixthly, respectively spraying flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240SC on the tomato seedlings obtained in the previous step.
Wherein, the gauze cage in the step one is a 60-120 mesh gauze cage.
And in the second step, the time for irrigating the fluridone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC is from 3 days before the tomato seedlings are transplanted to the day of transplanting the tomato seedlings for field planting.
Wherein the third step further comprises the following steps,
inspecting and maintaining the greenhouse film to ensure the integrity of the greenhouse film without damage, replacing the ventilation opening insect-proof net, and arranging a buffer area in the greenhouse door;
sterilizing the soil in the greenhouse film;
fumigating the greenhouse film to remove insects;
transplanting the tomato seedlings into a greenhouse film.
Wherein the insect-proof net is a 60-120 mesh insect-proof net.
Wherein the buffer area is 1-3 square meters.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of covering a soil smoldering shed with a mulching film in clear weather 1-5 days before transplanting, keeping the soil with the depth of more than 5 cm, and keeping the temperature of more than 40 ℃ for more than 2 hours.
The greenhouse fumigation insect killing method specifically comprises the following steps of fumigating greenhouse insects in a greenhouse film by using 400-inch isoprocarb smoke agent per mu 1-3 days before transplanting, and fumigating the greenhouse film for killing the insects.
Wherein, the transplanting mode of the tomato seedlings is manual transplanting.
Wherein, the salicylic acid slow release granules in the step four are spread on the base of each tomato seedling, and the dosage of each tomato seedling is 5-20 g.
After transplanting and seedling-slowing, spraying 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder for 2-5 times on tomato seedlings, wherein the using amount of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder is 80-100 g/mu; the application time points of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder are respectively selected at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation.
And in the sixth step, the tomato seedlings are sprayed with the flupyradifurone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC for 2-5 times, the application time points are respectively selected in the selection periods of 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 days after transplantation, and the dosage of the flupyradifurone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC is 20-40 ml/mu each time.
(III) the beneficial effects are as follows: the invention provides a method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage, which adopts various novel, efficient and low-toxicity medicaments and plant immune activators to block the key virus-transmission behavior of bemisia tabaci from outside of a plant body, activate the defense reaction of the plant body to resist the virus transmitted by the bemisia tabaci, and green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci on tomatoes and tomato yellow leaf curl virus transmitted by the bemisia tabaci.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the agent treatment scheme of a preferred embodiment of the method steps for green prevention and control of Bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the seedling stage of tomato.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to preferred embodiments, and more details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it is apparent that the present invention can be embodied in many other forms different from the description herein and can be similarly generalized and deduced by those skilled in the art based on the practical application without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the contents of this detailed embodiment.
The drawings are schematic representations of embodiments of the invention, and it is noted that the drawings are intended only as examples and are not drawn to scale and should not be construed as limiting the true scope of the invention.
The following description is provided with reference to a preferred embodiment of the method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the seedling stage of tomatoes.
Step one, tomatoes are sown in a culture dish completely surrounded by a gauze cage.
The seedling stage is the key period of tomato TYLCV prevention and control, seedling culture needs to be carried out in a 60-120 mesh gauze cage from sowing to culture, a gauze can not be opened before transplanting, and a spray head needs to be tightly attached to the outer side of the gauze and sprayed into an in-net culture dish by watering.
Wherein, the gauze cage is the 80-mesh gauze cage optimally, and the culture dish can be a nutrition pot or a plug tray, and is not limited in particular.
And step two, irrigating the cultured tomato seedlings with flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240 SC.
Specifically, 1-3 days before transplanting (the best day is 1 day before transplanting), a spray nozzle is screwed off from a spray can, a nozzle is abutted against the side wall of a gauze, the tomato seedling is poured into a tomato seedling culture plug tray or a nutrition pot in a cage through the gauze, and the flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240SC preparations are applied in a filling mode, wherein the dosages of the flupyradifurone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC are 2-10ml/1000 seedlings, and the optimal dosage is 4ml/1000 seedlings.
In addition, the step can also be that the tomato seedlings are transplanted on the same day, the fluoropyrafuranone 200SC is irrigated into the root treatment preparation after the tomato seedlings are planted, the dosage of the fluoropyrafuranone 200SC is 0.05-0.08ml per plant, and the optimal dosage is 0.067ml per plant.
It should be noted that the application modes of the two fluoropyrafuranone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC can be replaced with each other, and are not limited specifically here.
In the step, the function of the fluoropyrazole furanone 200SC is to prevent the bemisia tabaci from eating and kill the adult bemisia tabaci; the spirotetramat 240SC has the function of preventing the development of the tobacco whitefly eggs and nymphs.
Step three, transplanting the tomato seedlings in the step two into a greenhouse film;
specifically, the greenhouse film is inspected and maintained before transplanting, the greenhouse film is ensured to be complete and not damaged, and the vent insect-proof net is replaced, wherein the insect-proof net is a 60-120-mesh insect-proof net, and an 80-mesh insect-proof net is optimally used.
A1-3 square meter square buffer area is arranged in the greenhouse door by using the insect-proof net enclosure, so that the immigration of external insects caused by the entrance and exit of people is reduced.
And (3) disinfecting the soil in the greenhouse film, covering the soil smothering greenhouse with a mulching film in clear weather 1-5 days before transplanting (the optimal time is 2 days before transplanting), disinfecting the soil, and keeping the soil with the depth of more than 5 cm at the temperature of more than 40 ℃ for more than 2 hours.
Fumigating the greenhouse in the greenhouse film for killing insects, and fumigating the greenhouse in the greenhouse film for killing insects within 1-3 days before transplanting by using isoprocarb smoke agent, wherein the dosage of the isoprocarb smoke agent is 400-800 g/mu, and the optimal dosage is 600 g/mu. Specifically, the operation can be carried out by keeping the greenhouse closed at night, then quickly leaving the ignition smoke agent in the greenhouse, keeping the greenhouse closed for more than 12 hours, then opening the ventilation opening to prevent wind for more than 12 hours.
Manually transplanting the tomato seedlings into a greenhouse film, and keeping the conventional fertilizer and water supply. Wherein, during the transplanting, the entering and exiting are reduced as much as possible, the greenhouse door is kept closed, the insect-proof net is closed, and the entrance of external insects is reduced. The tomato seedlings can be transplanted in other ways, and are not limited herein.
And step four, broadcasting salicylic acid slow-release granules.
On the day of transplanting, the salicylic acid slow-release granules are spread on the base of each tomato seedling, the dosage of each tomato seedling is 5-20 g/seedling, and 10 g/seedling is the optimal dosage. The salicylic acid slow-release granules are used for inducing plants to defend diseases and pests. It should be noted that the optimal application time of the salicylic acid slow-release granules is after the completion of transplantation on the day of transplantation.
And step five, spraying 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder to the tomato seedlings subjected to the step.
Specifically, after transplanting and seedling slowing (generally after 2 days of transplanting), 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder is sprayed to tomato seedlings for 2-5 times, the dosage of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder is 80-100 g/mu, and the optimal dosage is 100 g/mu. The application time points of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder are respectively selected at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation.
The spraying frequency of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder is carried out according to the occurrence severity of diseases and pests, and the more serious the diseases and pests occur, the more the spraying frequency is, generally 3-4 times.
And sixthly, respectively spraying flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240SC on the tomato seedlings obtained in the previous step.
Specifically, the tomato seedlings are sprayed with the fluoropyrafuranone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC 2-5 times after transplanting, the spraying times of the fluoropyrafuranone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC are carried out according to the occurrence severity of pests, and the more severe the pests occur, the more the spraying times are, generally 3 times. The application time points are respectively selected at the selection periods of 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 days after transplantation, the dosage of each time of spraying the flupyradifurone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC is 20-40 ml/mu, and the optimal dosage is 30 ml/mu.
During the period, the water and fertilizer are used conventionally, and the ventilation opening insect-proof net is checked to be complete frequently, so that personnel can come in and go out to fully utilize the buffer area of the greenhouse, the door of the greenhouse is closed in time, and the external insect sources are reduced to the greatest extent and enter the greenhouse.
In which figure 1 shows the best solution for the treatment of pharmaceutical agents, in particular,
a, applying fluoropyrazole furanone 200SC to irrigate roots to treat tomato seedlings on the same day of transplanting, wherein the using amount of the fluoropyrazole furanone 200SC is 0.067ml per plant;
b, respectively spraying and treating 14 th, 21 th and 28 th days after transplanting by using flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 22% SC, wherein the dosage of the preparation is 30 ml/mu;
c: 10 g/plant of salicylic acid slow-release wax pills are placed at the root of the tomato seedlings on the same day of transplanting;
d: spraying and treating the seedlings with Tailing (6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder) after transplanting for 0, 7, 14 and 21 days.
The method can ensure that the mouth of the bemisia tabaci is reduced by more than 80% and the incidence rate of tomato yellow leaf curl virus is reduced by more than 60% compared with the common conventional management within 2 months of tomato planting.
A method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage is characterized in that a plurality of novel, efficient and low-toxicity agents and plant immune activators are applied, key behaviors of bemisia tabaci virus transmission are blocked from the outside of a plant body, plant body defense reaction is activated to resist bemisia tabaci virus transmission, bemisia tabaci on tomatoes and tomato yellow leaf curl virus transmission are prevented and controlled in a green mode, harm to human health and pollution to water caused by chemical prevention and control are avoided, and planting economy and labor cost are reduced.
TYLCV: tomato yellow leaf curl virus is obtained from tomato yellow leaf curl virus.
The above description is provided for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and will assist those skilled in the art in more fully understanding the technical solutions of the present invention. However, these examples are merely illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention are not to be considered as being limited to the description of these examples. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions and changes can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and all should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage is characterized by comprising the following steps,
step one, sowing tomatoes in a culture dish completely surrounded by a gauze cage;
step two, irrigating the cultured tomato seedlings with flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240 SC;
step three, transplanting the tomato seedlings in the step two into a greenhouse film;
step four, spreading salicylic acid to slowly release the granules;
spraying 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder to the tomato seedlings subjected to the steps;
and sixthly, respectively spraying flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240SC on the tomato seedlings obtained in the previous step.
2. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage according to claim 1, wherein the gauze cage in the first step is a 60-120 mesh gauze cage.
3. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage according to claim 2, wherein the applying time of the flupyradifurone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC in the second step is from 3 days before the tomato seedling is transplanted to the day of the tomato seedling for field planting.
4. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the seedling stage of tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third step further comprises the following steps,
inspecting and maintaining the greenhouse film to ensure the integrity of the greenhouse film without damage, replacing the ventilation opening insect-proof net, and arranging a buffer area in the greenhouse door;
sterilizing the soil in the greenhouse film;
fumigating the greenhouse film to remove insects;
transplanting the tomato seedlings into a greenhouse film.
5. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage according to claim 4, wherein the buffer area is a 1-3 square meter buffer area.
6. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage according to claim 4, wherein the disinfection treatment of the soil in the greenhouse film specifically comprises the following steps, namely, the soil smothering greenhouse is covered with the mulching film in a sunny day 1-5 days before transplanting, the soil is kept at a depth of more than 5 cm, and the temperature is kept at more than 40 ℃ for more than 2 hours.
7. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage as claimed in claim 4, wherein the greenhouse pest killing by fumigation comprises the following steps, wherein isoprocarb fumigant is used at a dose of 400 g/mu 1-3 days before transplantation, and the greenhouse pest killing by fumigation is carried out on the greenhouse film.
8. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in tomato seedling stage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salicylic acid slow release granule in step four is applied to the base of each tomato seedling in an amount of 5-20 g per plant.
9. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage according to claim 1, wherein the fifth step specifically comprises the following steps of spraying 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder 2-5 times after transplanting and seedling slowing, wherein the dosage of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder is 80-100 g/mu; the application time points of the 6% oligosaccharide chain protein wettable powder are respectively selected at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation.
10. The method for green prevention and control of bemisia tabaci and TYLCV in the tomato seedling stage according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, 2-5 times of spraying of flupyradifurone 200SC and spirotetramat 240SC are performed on tomato seedlings, the spraying time points are selected from 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 days after transplantation, and the application amount of the flupyradifurone 200SC and the spirotetramat 240SC is 20-40 ml/mu.
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| CN111642300A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-11 | 陕西省生物农业研究所 | Novel method for preventing and treating tomato yellow leaf curl virus |
| CN112042447A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-08 | 海南唯高科技有限公司 | Method for uniformly preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of cherry tomatoes |
| CN116649141A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-08-29 | 沈阳农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling sea buckthorn leaf shrinkage symptoms |
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