CN102498918A - Technique of producing pollution-free greenhouse vegetables - Google Patents
Technique of producing pollution-free greenhouse vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN102498918A CN102498918A CN2011103857910A CN201110385791A CN102498918A CN 102498918 A CN102498918 A CN 102498918A CN 2011103857910 A CN2011103857910 A CN 2011103857910A CN 201110385791 A CN201110385791 A CN 201110385791A CN 102498918 A CN102498918 A CN 102498918A
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Abstract
A technique of producing pollution-free greenhouse vegetables includes selecting a polluter-free production base, treating seeds, performing field management, reasonably applying fertilizer and controlling pest and disease damage. Seed treatment refers to soaking a variety high in disease and pest resistance and short in production cycle in warm water at temperature of from 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C for 20-30 minutes. Field management includes closing a greenhouse at high temperature for disinfection. Pest and disease damage control includes using carbon dioxide to kill pests, using low-toxicity biopesticides to kill insect pests, and using natural enemies to kill the pests. Pest and disease damage is reduced at the source, and resistance of vegetables is improved. By using pollution-free methods such as high-temperature greenhouse closure and disinfection, pest killing via carbon dioxide, pest killing via natural enemies and the like to control pest and disease damage for vegetables and to promote growth of the vegetables, production input is reduced, yield is increased and meets national standards, and assuring pollution-free vegetables are supplied to people.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the culture technique of crops, relate in particular to a kind of pollution-free vegetable booth production technology.
Background technology
Along with the raising of quality of life, people are increasingly high to the safety requirements of food, vegetables particularly, safety, green, the nuisanceless common recognition that has become the consumer.So-called pollution-free vegetable is meant the content of harmful substance in the vegetables (like residue of pesticide, heavy metal, nitrite etc.), is controlled in the allowed band of national regulation the vegetables that the edible back of people does not work the mischief to health.There is dual mode in country to the authentication of non-polluted farm product: a kind of is the authentication of the nuisanceless place of production, by agricultural environmental protection department the atmosphere in the proportion of crop planting environment, soil, water quality etc. is identified, issues place of production certificate of certification then; Another kind is the non-harmful product authentication, and to the crops random sampling, whether wherein residue of pesticide of check, content of beary metal National standard by agriculture plant quarantine department.Pollution-free vegetable produces in development; Simultaneously should be from field of vegetables ecosystem totally; In line with economic, safe, effective, easy principle, the supplementary measures of utilization agricultural, biology, chemistry and physics are coordinated in optimization, and creation helps the vegetables high yield; And the condition that unfavorable damage by disease and insect takes place; Reach high yield, high-quality, low consumption, harmless purpose, set up production base, pollution-free source, forbid to use severe toxicity and persistent pesticide, select efficient, low toxicity for use, low-residual, to the little agricultural chemicals of pest natural enemy lethality, apply microbial pesticide, do the damage by disease and insect prediction well, the timely and appropriate discovery medication of suiting the medicine to the illness, apply fertilizers scientifically etc.
Disclosing a kind of pollution-free vegetable production technology like CN101946612, is that the method for utilizing cultural control, biological control, physical control to combine with the artificial control reduces persticide residue in the vegetables, makes it National standard.But its effect is not remarkable, operates more numerous and diverse.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provide a kind of fertilising less, the production method of safe, green, nuisanceless booth vegetable that pesticide-poor, output are high.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology; Comprise and select production base, pollution-free source, seed treatment, field management, the rational application of fertilizer and the extermination of disease and insect pest for use; Described seed treatment referred to select for use kind disease-resistant, that worm property is strong, breeding cycle is short, with 50-60 ℃ of emerge in worm water 20-30 minute; Described field management adopts the vexed canopy of high temperature to carry out disinfection; The described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises with carbonic acid gas desinsection, low toxicity biopesticide kills disease worm, natural enemy desinsection.
The vexed canopy of described high temperature is exactly to utilize the high temperature of the sun and medicament fumigating to carry out sterilization in the canopy, is the good method of eliminating germ, killing ova, weeding a garden, improve the soil.That the vexed canopy of high temperature is divided into is dried, twice vexed canopy of temperature, and vexed canopy is 7 days for the first time, foreign material in the booth is removed the sealing booth.Open booth after 7 days and ventilate, soil is watered, plough again; And apply the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed with ploughing, like chicken manure, cow dung, so that borrow high temperature to kill the germ in the fertilizer; Chicken manure, dried cow dung also having are improved the gentle effect of keeping ground temperature in ground, can strengthen bactericidal effect.Carry out bilayer with horticultural covering film and mulch film and cover, the strict seal that keeps booth, vexed canopy 7-10 days for the second time; Under such condition, handle; 10 centimeters, 75 ℃ of Wen Keda superlatively under the face of land, the ground temperature of 20 centimetres of depths can reach more than 45 ℃, and high like this ground temperature sterilizing rate can reach more than 95%; Can the virus in the soil, worm's ovum, weeds etc. be killed, and this method cost is low, it is little, simple to operate, effective to pollute.
Described carbonic acid gas desinsection is exactly that booth is airtight, in booth, imports carbonic acid gas then, makes the gas concentration lwevel on top layer, ground reach 0.5-1%.Because it is absorbing carbon dioxide that plant carries out photosynthesis, emit oxygen, and the content of Carbon Dioxide in Air is merely 0.03%, carry an amount of carbonic acid gas will help plant to carry out photosynthetic crop to booth vegetable, speed production improves its output; When crossing of carbonic acid gas reaches 1%, insect is choked to death in addition, carbonic acid gas is big because of density, locates near ground so be deposited on booth, and just in time the instead agricultural chemicals comes kill pests.Thereby reduced the use of fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, guaranteed that vegetables are not contaminated.
It is described that to kill the disease worm with the low toxicity biopesticide be the pests occurrence rule according to damage by disease and insect; Strict grasp best control period; Accomplish in good time, an amount of, intersection medication, select Bt, AVM, macro tetrolide, nikkomycin, fennel rose element, rotenone, matrine, jervine, biopesticide for use.
Also comprise and utilize natural enemy to come pest control, as utilize trichogramma releases to reduce heart-eating worm ovum etc.
To carry out chemistry security at interval in strict accordance with the time limit, promptly before the vegetables results, will forbid using any agricultural chemicals in 7-15 days, guarantee pollution-free in the vegetables, noresidue, be pollution-free vegetable.
The described rational application of fertilizer mainly is meant uses the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed and potash fertilizer, little fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, sources such as the selection from the base, seed treatment are reduced damage by disease and insect, are improved the resistance of vegetables;
2, the vexed canopy of high temperature carries out disinfection, becomes thoroughly decomposed soil, air and farmyard manure in the booth, and twice the effective of vexed canopy Pesticidal and sterilizing of doing, wet both reduced economic the input, avoided pollution again.
3, carbonic acid gas desinsection can not only kill insect, can also promote the growth of vegetables, thereby reduces nitrogenous fertilizer and utilization of pesticides.
Embodiment
Come the present invention is done further explanation below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiment are not limited only to protection scope of the present invention, and all are based on basic thought of the present invention and all belonging in protection scope of the present invention of making amendment or change.
Select in the Bing market town the no industrial and mineral three-waste pollution of periphery and urban life or medical pollution the field piece about one mu as nuisanceless booth vegetable production base; Will deep plough crop rotation, the change of crops, ecotope of base is good, and its physical features is smooth, and irrigation and drainage are good; Particularly water quality will be got well, and irrigates the fields without sewage.
The production base is carried out subregion, ploughed, build booth then, buckle well the canopy film, booth is a south-north direction;
The sealing booth carries out the vexed canopy of high temperature, utilizes the high temperature of the sun and medicament fumigating to carry out sterilization in the canopy exactly, is the good method of eliminating germ, killing ova, weeding a garden, improve the soil.That the vexed canopy of high temperature is divided into is dried, twice vexed canopy of temperature, and vexed canopy is 7 days for the first time, foreign material in the booth is removed the sealing booth.Open booth after 7 days and ventilate, soil is watered, plough again; And apply the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed with ploughing, like chicken manure, cow dung, so that borrow high temperature to kill the germ in the fertilizer; Chicken manure, dried cow dung also having are improved the gentle effect of keeping ground temperature in ground, can strengthen bactericidal effect.Carry out bilayer with horticultural covering film and mulch film and cover, the strict seal that keeps booth, vexed canopy is 10 days for the second time; Under such condition, handle; 10 centimeters, 75 ℃ of Wen Keda superlatively under the face of land, the ground temperature of 20 centimetres of depths can reach more than 45 ℃, and high like this ground temperature sterilizing rate can reach more than 95%; Can the virus in the soil, worm's ovum, weeds etc. be killed, and this method cost is low, it is little, simple to operate, effective to pollute.
Select for use the kind disease-resistant, that worm property is strong, breeding cycle is short as seed, seed was sowed after 50-60 ℃ of emerge in worm water 20-30 minute earlier again.
After the vegetables kind broadcasted sowing, carry out precision management, early stage the diligent farmyard manure and potash fertilizer, little fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the ability of the disease and insect resistance of raising plant executed.And in time extract disease leaf, worm leaf, diseased plant etc.
Utilizing the carbonic acid gas desinsection at the vegetable growth initial stage, is exactly that booth is airtight, in booth, imports carbonic acid gas then, makes the gas concentration lwevel on top layer, ground reach 0.5-1%.Because it is absorbing carbon dioxide that plant carries out photosynthesis, emit oxygen, and the content of Carbon Dioxide in Air is merely 0.03%, carry an amount of carbonic acid gas will help the photosynthesis of plant to booth vegetable, quicken to produce, improve its output; When crossing of carbonic acid gas reaches 1%, insect is choked to death in addition, carbonic acid gas is big because of density, locates near ground so be deposited on booth, and just in time the instead agricultural chemicals comes kill pests.Thereby reduced the use of fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, guaranteed that vegetables are not contaminated.
In the vegetable growth later stage; Pests occurrence rule according to damage by disease and insect; Strict grasp best control period; Accomplish in good time, an amount of, intersection medication, select for use Bt, AVM, macro tetrolide, nikkomycin, fennel rose element, rotenone, matrine, jervine, bactericide to have: biopesticides such as jinggangmeisu, kasugarnycin, polyoxin, Wuyiencin, agricultural streptomycin.Confirm that according to the occurrence characteristic of the different damage by disease and insect of different times the plant different parts is a target, carries out the specific aim dispenser during dispenser in addition.Reach timely control damage by disease and insect and take place, reduce cause of disease and the purpose of forcing down insect density, thereby reduce medication.For example downy mildew begin upwards development by following leaf, the emphasis of early prevention and treatment downy mildew can alleviate upper blade and catch an illness in lower blade.Insect such as aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum perches at the back side of young tender leaf, must be evenly when therefore spraying medicine, and shower nozzle makes progress, emphasis spray leaf back.Forbid to use severe toxicity, high poison, high residue, high biological concentration, Senior Three to cause (teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenesis) agricultural chemicals and complex preparation thereof.Ban use of severe toxicity, persistent pesticide; Select efficient, low toxicity, less-persistent pesticide for use.
Natural enemy also capable of using comes pest control, as utilizes trichogramma releases to reduce heart-eating worm ovum etc.
To carry out chemistry security at interval in strict accordance with the time limit, promptly before the vegetables results, will forbid using any agricultural chemicals in 7-15 days, guarantee pollution-free in the vegetables, noresidue, be pollution-free vegetable.
Claims (6)
1. nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology; Comprise and select production base, pollution-free source, seed treatment, field management, the rational application of fertilizer and the extermination of disease and insect pest for use; It is characterized in that: described seed treatment referred to select for use kind disease-resistant, that worm property is strong, breeding cycle is short, with 50-60 ℃ of emerge in worm water 20-30 minute; Described field management adopts the vexed canopy of high temperature to carry out disinfection; The described extermination of disease and insect pest comprises with carbonic acid gas desinsection, low toxicity biopesticide kills disease worm, natural enemy desinsection.
2. a kind of nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the vexed canopy of described high temperature is dried, twice vexed canopy of temperature, and vexed canopy is before ploughing for the first time, 7 days time; Water primary water earlier before the vexed canopy for the second time, plough again, and apply the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, vexed canopy 7-10 days with ploughing.
3. a kind of nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described carbonic acid gas desinsection is at the vegetable growth initial stage; Airtight booth is imported carbonic acid gas in booth, make the gas concentration lwevel on top layer, ground reach 0.5-1%.
4. a kind of nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described to kill the disease worm with the low toxicity biopesticide be the pests occurrence rule according to damage by disease and insect; Strict grasp best control period; Accomplish in good time, an amount of, intersection medication, select Bt, AVM, macro tetrolide, nikkomycin, fennel rose element, rotenone, matrine, jervine biopesticide for use.
5. a kind of nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: describedly kill the disease worm with the low toxicity biopesticide and before vegetables results, will forbid medication in 7-15 days.
6. a kind of nuisanceless booth vegetable production technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described rational application of fertilizer mainly is meant uses the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed and potash fertilizer, little fertilizer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103857910A CN102498918A (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2011-11-29 | Technique of producing pollution-free greenhouse vegetables |
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| CN2011103857910A CN102498918A (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2011-11-29 | Technique of producing pollution-free greenhouse vegetables |
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| CN102498918A true CN102498918A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255103A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Organic cultivation method of applying plant vaccine combined with herbivore dung to facility cultivated vegetables |
| CN104273142A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-14 | 济南新起点医药科技有限公司 | Abamectin-containing emulsion in water and application |
| CN105794551A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 徐立江 | Method for controlling early blight of greenhouse tomatoes by using ultraviolet lamp |
| CN106380239A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-08 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | Method for utilizing decayed farm manure in close plastic shed |
| CN106416717A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-22 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | Method for greenhouse pollution-free plantation |
| CN106818325A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-06-13 | 蓝振宁 | A kind of deinsectization method of vegetables |
| CN107535245A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-05 | 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 | A kind of physical deinsectization method in vegetable garden |
| CN107970473A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Vegetable base sterilization method and production base |
| CN109169017A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 广西乐业康辉生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of nuisanceless deinsectization method of organic agriculture |
| CN111802367A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-23 | 嘉善尚品农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse vegetable soil high-temperature greenhouse closing and water leaching salt-washing disinfection treatment method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255103A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Organic cultivation method of applying plant vaccine combined with herbivore dung to facility cultivated vegetables |
| CN104255103B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Facilities vegetable uses the organic cultivation method that plant vaccine coordinates Herbivore excrement |
| CN104273142A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-14 | 济南新起点医药科技有限公司 | Abamectin-containing emulsion in water and application |
| CN105794551A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 徐立江 | Method for controlling early blight of greenhouse tomatoes by using ultraviolet lamp |
| CN105794551B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2019-07-02 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | A method of tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight is prevented and treated using ultraviolet lamp |
| CN106380239A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-08 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | Method for utilizing decayed farm manure in close plastic shed |
| CN106416717A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-22 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | Method for greenhouse pollution-free plantation |
| CN106818325A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-06-13 | 蓝振宁 | A kind of deinsectization method of vegetables |
| CN107535245A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-05 | 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 | A kind of physical deinsectization method in vegetable garden |
| CN107970473A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Vegetable base sterilization method and production base |
| CN109169017A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 广西乐业康辉生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of nuisanceless deinsectization method of organic agriculture |
| CN111802367A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-23 | 嘉善尚品农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse vegetable soil high-temperature greenhouse closing and water leaching salt-washing disinfection treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |