CN110981473A - 一种高温窑具保护涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高温窑具保护涂层及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110981473A
CN110981473A CN201911052376.6A CN201911052376A CN110981473A CN 110981473 A CN110981473 A CN 110981473A CN 201911052376 A CN201911052376 A CN 201911052376A CN 110981473 A CN110981473 A CN 110981473A
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梁铎
冯斌
王首扬
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高温窑具保护涂层,改性氧化锆微珠20~40份,空心刚玉微珠25~50份,金属氧化物微粉5~20份,高温溶胶10~20份。本发明中的高温窑具保护涂层能够耐高温1600℃以上,保护窑具。同时,这种涂层导热系数低,能够有效防止窑炉热量散失,节能降耗。

Description

一种高温窑具保护涂层及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及涂层领域,尤其涉及一种高温窑具保护涂层及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前工业窑炉中采用大量的耐火砖,作为炉膛的受热面。然而,这种耐火砖成本高、容重大、热稳定性差,需要经常更换。
一种常见的改进方法是采用陶瓷纤维板作为耐火砖的替代,但是,这种陶瓷纤维板的耐热性能差,需要开发相应的高温保护涂层。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种高温窑具保护涂层,其耐高温性能强。
本发明还要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种上述高温窑具保护涂层的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明公开了一种高温窑具保护涂层,其由以下重量份的原料制备而成:改性氧化锆微珠35~70份,空心刚玉微珠5~20份,金属氧化物微粉5~20份,高温溶胶10~20份。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述改性氧化锆微珠由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:硅烷偶联剂1~3%,氧化锆微珠20~30%,磷酸7~12%,乙醇5~15%,氧化钛1~4%,碳酸钙3~5%,膨润土2~4%,水40~60%。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述改性氧化锆微珠的制备方法包括:
(1)将碳酸钙与2~5%的磷酸、20~50%的水混合反应,加膨润土,混合均匀,加入氧化钛;混合均匀后得到第一混合液;
(2)将5~15%的乙醇,硅烷偶联剂、3~7%的磷酸和10~30%的水混合均匀,加入氧化锆微珠;在30~50℃下反应3~5h,得到第二混合液;
(3)将第一混合液与第二混合液搅拌混合均匀;干燥即得到改性氧化锆微珠。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述氧化锆微珠的内径为0.05~2mm,微珠壁厚为100~1000μm;所述空心刚玉微珠的内径为0.05~2mm。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述金属氧化物选用氧化钙、氧化镁中的一种或多种;
所述氧化物的平均粒径为10~50μm。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述高温溶胶选用铝溶胶、锆溶胶中的一种或多种。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述高温溶胶选用铝溶胶和锆溶胶的混合物,且铝溶胶:锆溶胶=(1~3):(0.5~3)。
作为上述技术方案的改进,所述锆溶胶、铝溶胶的固含量为10%~25%;
所述锆溶胶的D50为10~50nm;所述铝溶胶的D50为20~50nm。
相应的,本发明还公开了一种上述的的高温窑具保护涂层的制备方法,其包括:
(1)制备改性氧化锆微珠;
(2)将各种原料按照配方混合均匀,得到保护涂料;
(3)将高温窑具保护涂层涂覆到窑具表面;
(4)在20~120℃下烘干12~24h;
(5)在1200~1400℃下烧成后,得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。
实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:
1.本发明的高温窑具保护涂层中含有空心氧化锆微珠和空心刚玉微珠,其导热系数低,耐高温性能强;使得本发明中的涂层能够耐1600℃-1800℃左右的高温;同时,也使得本发明中的涂层能够起到保温的作用,节能降耗。
2.本发明中的高温窑具保护涂层采用锆溶胶与铝溶胶作为粘接性胶体,提升了涂层与高温窑具的结合能力,同时提升了保护涂层的抗热震性能,使得高温涂层不易脱落。
3.本发明对氧化锆微珠进行表面改性,在其表面均匀负载了氧化钛,其近红外反射效率较高,实现热量蓄积,提升热能利用效率。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
本发明提供了一种高温窑具保护涂层,其由以下重量份的原料制备而成:改性氧化锆微珠35~70份,空心刚玉微珠5~20份,金属氧化物微粉5~20份,高温溶胶10~20份。其中,空心刚玉微珠和氧化锆微珠导热系数低,耐高温能力强;使得本发明中的涂层能够耐1600℃以上的高温,同时,也使得涂层能够起到保温的作用,节能降耗。
其中,改性氧化锆微珠由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:硅烷偶联剂1~3%,氧化锆微珠20~30%,磷酸7~12%,乙醇5~15%,氧化钛1~4%,碳酸钙3~5%,膨润土2~4%,水40~60%。
其中,硅烷偶联剂选用γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)-丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、三甲氧基氢硅烷中的一种或多种。优选的,选用γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)-丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
改性氧化锆微珠的制备方法包括:
(1)将碳酸钙与2~5%的磷酸、20~50%的水混合反应,加膨润土,混合均匀,加入氧化钛;混合均匀后得到第一混合液;
其中,碳酸钙与磷酸溶液反应,形成具有支撑作用的磷酸盐基体,进而膨润土与磷酸盐基体相复合,形成粒度<2μm的吸附基体;然后,再加入氧化钛,可使得氧化钛均匀地吸附在吸附基体上;形成磷酸盐负载的氧化钛。
进一步的,为了实现氧化钛的均匀负载,需要形成分散均匀、浓度适宜的混悬液;为此,在此反应步骤中,加入20~50%的水;并且在反应过程中剧烈搅拌。
其中,磷酸的质量分数为20~50%,但不限于此。
(2)将5~15%的乙醇,硅烷偶联剂、3~7%的磷酸和10~30%的水混合均匀,加入氧化锆微珠;在30~50℃下反应3~5h,得到第二混合液;
通过磷酸以及硅烷偶联剂对氧化锆微珠表面进行改性,形成了亲磷酸盐的表面;以便后期在氧化锆微珠表面均匀负载氧化钛。
(3)将第一混合液与第二混合液搅拌混合均匀;干燥即得到改性氧化锆微珠。
本发明通过液相反应制备了磷酸盐负载的氧化钛,并通过对氧化锆微珠的表面改性,使得氧化钛能够均匀地负载到氧化锆微珠表面,在氧化锆微珠表面形成了红外反射二氧化钛膜层;大幅度提升了本发明中涂层的高温耐受度,使得其提升到了1600℃以上。
具体的,氧化锆微珠的内径为0.05~2mm,优选为0.5~1mm;其原始壁厚为10~200μm;优选为50~100μm。通过上述改性步骤后,改性氧化锆微珠的壁厚为100~1000μm,优选的为300~700μm;即在改性微珠表面形成了均匀的功能性磷酸盐负载氧化钛层。在后期烧成以后,在氧化锆微珠表面的磷酸盐、膨润土分解转化,在改性氧化锆微珠表面形成了莫来石-氧化钛复合层,氧化钛具有较高的红外反射特性,莫来石则具有较低的导热系数和热稳定性,两者综合可提升本发明高温窑具保护涂层的耐高温性能以及抗热震性能。
具体的,空心刚玉微珠的内径为0.05~2mm,优选为0.05~0.8mm;在本发明中,刚玉微珠主要用于填补氧化锆微珠之间的空隙。
在本发明的配方中,高温溶胶选用铝溶胶、锆溶胶中的一种或多种;高温溶胶在本发明中属于粘接性胶体,其提升了涂层与高温窑具的结合能力,同时提升了保护涂层的抗热震性能,使得高温涂层不易脱落。
高温溶胶的加入重量份为10~20份,优选为15~20份。
优选的,本发明中的高温溶胶选用铝溶胶与锆溶胶的混合物,且铝溶胶:锆溶胶=(1~3):(0.5~3);进一步优选为3:1。
优选的,在本发明中,锆溶胶的D50为10~50nm,铝溶胶的D50为20~50nm。
在本发明的配方中,金属氧化物选用氧化镁或氧化钙;其在高温烧成过程中可融化,起到稳定、桥接的作用。金属氧化物的平均粒径D50为10~50μm。
金属氧化物的加入重量份为5~20份,优选为5~10份。
相应的,本发明还公开了一种上述高温窑具保护涂层的制备方法,其包括:
(1)制备改性氧化锆微珠;
(2)将各种原料按照配方混合均匀,得到保护涂料;
(3)将高温窑具保护涂层涂覆到窑具表面;
(4)在20~120℃下烘干12~24h;
烘干可有效得确保涂料稳固得分布在窑具表面。
(5)在1200~1400℃下烧成后,得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。
具体的,烧成的温度曲线为:采用20~30℃/min的温度升温到烧成温度;然后在烧成温度保温4~6h,即可烧成得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。其中,烧成温度为1200~1400℃。
下面以具体实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
本实施例公开一种高温窑具保护涂层,其配方为:
改性氧化锆微珠60份,空心刚玉微珠15份,金属氧化物10份,高温溶胶15份。
其中,金属氧化物为CaO;高温溶胶为铝溶胶。
改性氧化锆微珠的配方为:
N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷1.5%,氧化锆微珠22%,磷酸8%,乙醇14%,氧化钛3%,碳酸钙4%,膨润土2.5%,水45%。
保护涂层的制备方法为:
(1)制备改性氧化锆微珠;
具体的包括:
(1.1)将碳酸钙与3%磷酸、25%的水混合反应,加膨润土,混合均匀,加入氧化钛;混合均匀后得到第一混合液;
(1.2)将乙醇,硅烷偶联剂、5%的磷酸和20%的水混合均匀,加入氧化锆微珠;在35℃下反应4h,得到第二混合液;
(1.3)将第一混合液与第二混合液搅拌混合均匀;干燥即得到改性氧化锆微珠。
(2)将各种原料按照配方混合均匀,得到保护涂料;
(3)将高温窑具保护涂层涂覆到窑具表面;
(4)在20℃下烘干24h;
(5)在1200℃下烧成后,得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。
实施例2
本实施例公开一种高温窑具保护涂层,其配方为:
改性氧化锆微珠50份,空心刚玉微珠14份,金属氧化物18份,高温溶胶18份。
其中,金属氧化物为MgO;高温溶胶为锆溶胶。
改性氧化锆微珠的配方为:
γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)-丙基三甲氧基硅烷2%,氧化锆微珠25.5%,磷酸10%,乙醇12%,氧化钛1.5%,碳酸钙3.5%,膨润土3%,水42.5%。
保护涂层的制备方法为:
(1)制备改性氧化锆微珠;
具体的包括:
(1.1)将碳酸钙与4%磷酸、28.5%的水混合反应,加膨润土,混合均匀,加入氧化钛;混合均匀后得到第一混合液;
(1.2)将乙醇,硅烷偶联剂、6%的磷酸和14%的水混合均匀,加入氧化锆微珠;在45℃下反应4.5h,得到第二混合液;
(1.3)将第一混合液与第二混合液搅拌混合均匀;干燥即得到改性氧化锆微珠。
(2)将各种原料按照配方混合均匀,得到保护涂料;
(3)将高温窑具保护涂层涂覆到窑具表面;
(4)在120℃下烘干12h;
(5)在1400℃下烧成后,得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。
实施例3
改性氧化锆微珠59份,空心刚玉微珠9份,MgO 14份,铝溶胶12份,锆溶胶6份。
其中,改性氧化锆微珠的配方为:
γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)-丙基三甲氧基硅烷2.5%,氧化锆微珠21.5%,磷酸8%,乙醇11%,氧化钛2.5%,碳酸钙3.5%,膨润土3%,水48%。
保护涂层的制备方法为:
(1)制备改性氧化锆微珠;
具体的包括:
(1.1)将碳酸钙与4%磷酸、28%的水混合反应,加膨润土,混合均匀,加入氧化钛;混合均匀后得到第一混合液;
(1.2)将乙醇,硅烷偶联剂、4%的磷酸和20%的水混合均匀,加入氧化锆微珠;在40℃下反应5h,得到第二混合液;
(1.3)将第一混合液与第二混合液搅拌混合均匀;干燥即得到改性氧化锆微珠。
(2)将各种原料按照配方混合均匀,得到保护涂料;
(3)将高温窑具保护涂层涂覆到窑具表面;
(4)在100℃下烘干14h;
(5)在1300℃下烧成后,得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。
以上所述是发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种高温窑具保护涂层,其特征在于,其由以下重量份的原料制备而成:改性氧化锆微珠35~70份,空心刚玉微珠5~20份,金属氧化物微粉5~20份,高温溶胶10~20份。
2.如权利要求1所述的高温窑炉保护涂层,其特征在于,所述改性氧化锆微珠由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:硅烷偶联剂1~3%,氧化锆微珠20~30%,磷酸7~12%,乙醇5~15%,氧化钛1~4%,碳酸钙3~5%,膨润土2~4%,水40~60%。
3.如权利要求2所述的高温窑炉保护涂层,其特征在于,所述改性氧化锆微珠的制备方法包括:
(1)将碳酸钙与2~5%的磷酸、20~50%的水混合反应,加膨润土,混合均匀,加入氧化钛;混合均匀后得到第一混合液;
(2)将5~15%的乙醇,硅烷偶联剂、3~7%的磷酸和10~30%的水混合均匀,加入氧化锆微珠;在30~50℃下反应3~5h,得到第二混合液;
(3)将第一混合液与第二混合液搅拌混合均匀;干燥即得到改性氧化锆微珠。
4.如权利要求2所述的高温窑具保护涂层,其特征在于,所述氧化锆微珠的内径为0.05~2mm,微珠壁厚为100~1000μm;所述空心刚玉微珠的内径为0.05~2mm。
5.如权利要求1所述的高温窑具保护涂层,其特征在于,所述金属氧化物选用氧化钙、氧化镁中的一种或多种;
所述氧化物的平均粒径为10~50μm。
6.如权利要求1所述的高温窑具保护涂层,其特征在于,所述高温溶胶选用铝溶胶、锆溶胶中的一种或多种。
7.如权利要求6所述的高温窑具保护涂层,其特征在于,所述高温溶胶选用铝溶胶和锆溶胶的混合物,且铝溶胶:锆溶胶=(1~3):(0.5~3)。
8.如权利要求6所述的高温窑具保护涂层,其特征在于,所述锆溶胶、铝溶胶的固含量为10%~25%;
所述锆溶胶的D50为10~50nm;所述铝溶胶的D50为20~50nm。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的高温窑具保护涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
(1)制备改性氧化锆微珠;
(2)将各种原料按照配方混合均匀,得到保护涂料;
(3)将高温窑具保护涂层涂覆到窑具表面;
(4)在20~120℃下烘干12~24h;
(5)在1200~1400℃下烧成后,得到高温窑具保护涂层成品。
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