CN110848268B - 密封装置 - Google Patents

密封装置 Download PDF

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CN110848268B
CN110848268B CN201910322338.1A CN201910322338A CN110848268B CN 110848268 B CN110848268 B CN 110848268B CN 201910322338 A CN201910322338 A CN 201910322338A CN 110848268 B CN110848268 B CN 110848268B
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sealing
ring
seal
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sealing device
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CN110848268A (zh
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H-J.冯斯坦
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7823—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7826—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of the opposing surface cooperating with the seal, e.g. a shoulder surface of a bearing ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7863—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element mounted to the inner race, e.g. a flinger to use centrifugal effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7869—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward
    • F16C33/7879—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a further sealing ring
    • F16C33/7883—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a further sealing ring mounted to the inner race and of generally L-shape, the two sealing rings defining a sealing with box-shaped cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7886—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted outside the gap between the inner and outer races, e.g. sealing rings mounted to an end face or outer surface of a race
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7889—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to an inner race and extending toward the outer race
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7896—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members with two or more discrete sealings arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3232—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/44—Free-space packings
    • F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings
    • F16J15/4476—Labyrinth packings with radial path

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于具有第一套圈(4)和第二套圈(6)的圆柱滚子轴承(1)的密封装置(2)，所述密封装置具有布置在所述第一套圈(4)上的第一密封部件(10)和布置在所述第二套圈(6)上的第二密封部件(12)，其中，所述第一密封部件(10)具有构成接触密封结构的第一密封唇(16)，并且其中，第一密封部件(10)和第二密封部件(12)结合构成迷宫式密封结构。

Description

密封装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于具有第一套圈和第二套圈的圆柱滚子轴承或者说滚柱轴承的密封装置，所述密封装置具有布置在所述第一套圈上的第一密封部件和布置在所述第二套圈上的第二密封部件，其中，所述第一密封部件具有形成接触密封结构的第一密封唇，并且其中，第一密封部件和第二密封部件结合构成迷宫式密封结构。
背景技术
为了密封在滚动轴承的内圈和外圈之间构成的轴承内部空间，例如使用接触密封件。然而，迄今使用的接触密封件与套圈具有大的接触区域，所述接触区域具有高接触压力。这导致高的摩擦力矩并且由此导致接触密封件的强烈磨损。
发明内容
因此本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种密封装置，通过所述密封装置实现低磨损的良好的密封。
所述技术问题通过一种用于具有第一套圈和第二套圈的圆柱滚子轴承的密封装置解决。
所述密封装置具有布置在圆柱滚子轴承的第一套圈上的第一密封部件和布置在圆柱滚子轴承的第二套圈上的第二密封部件。所述第一密封部件具有构成了接触密封结构(Anlaufdichtung)的第一密封唇。第一密封部件和第二密封部件结合构成迷宫式密封结构，方式为两个密封部件相互交错或者说相互啮合。
以此方式能够通过两个密封部件的结合以简单的方式实现轴承内部空间、即两个套圈之间的空间的密封。通过使用两个密封部件能够使用不同的材料，以便能够实现不同的功能。
第一密封部件在此提供了接触密封结构。通过这种接触密封结构能够提供对圆柱滚子轴承的改善的防污染保护以及能够提供更长的润滑剂使用寿命。
第一密封部件和第二密封部件配合作用，以便构成迷宫式密封结构。通过这种迷宫式密封结构能够降低密封装置的磨损，原因是密封部件相互之间不具有直接的接触。这也降低了维护保养的频率并且由此降低了成本。第二密封部件附加地起到防止第二套圈和例如轴承装置壳体之间的接触腐蚀的保护作用。
按照一种实施形式，第一密封部件由第一材料构成并且第二密封部件由第二材料构成，其中，所述第一材料比第二材料软。以此方式能够通过第二密封部件实现向外的稳定的密封，而第一密封部件贴靠在第一套圈上并且形成相对该第一套圈自身的密封。
第一材料尤其具有弹性材料、例如橡胶。第二材料可以由具有更高刚性的材料、例如金属或者硬塑料、尤其是聚邻苯二甲酰胺(PPA)制造。
与传统的仅由一种尤其是刚性的材料构成的迷宫式密封结构不同，按照本发明提供的迷宫式密封结构由两种不同的材料构成。通过第一密封部件的更软的材料能够实现针对第一套圈的良好密封，其中，第一密封部件的密封唇优选以重叠部抵靠接触在第一套圈上。
在第一密封唇、第一套圈和第二套圈之间构成能够用作润滑剂储存结构的空腔。通过积聚在所述空腔中的润滑剂能够润滑第一密封部件、尤其是第一密封部件的密封唇。通过这样的润滑能够降低密封唇的摩擦力矩并且降低与之相关的潜在磨损。
第一密封部件具有第二密封唇，所述第二密封唇在径向上朝向第二密封部件。在第二密封唇和第二密封部件之间构成缝隙。该缝隙优选在两个密封部件之间径向地向外延伸。因此，在第二密封唇和第二密封部件之间的接触区域中的润滑剂能够在静止状态中向下和向外流动。这是有利的，因为以此方式能够将同样可能积聚在该接触区域中的污物同样从轴承中导出。
本发明按照另一个方面涉及一种具有上述的密封装置的圆柱滚子轴承。
在说明书、附图中给出了其它优点和有利的实施形式。在此，尤其是在说明书和附图中给出的特征组合是纯粹示例性的，因此所述特征也能够单独地存在或者进行不同的组合。
附图说明
以下根据在附图中示出的实施例详细阐述本发明。在此，实施例和在所述实施例中示出的组合是纯粹示例性的并且不会限定本发明的保护范围。本发明的保护范围只由所附的权利要求书定义。
在附图中：
图1示出了具有密封装置的圆柱滚子轴承的剖视图。
相同的或者在功能上作用相同的元件在以下由相同的附图标记标注。
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有密封装置2的圆柱滚子轴承1。所述圆柱滚子轴承1具有第一套圈4和第二套圈6，在所述第一套圈和第二套圈之间布置有滚动体8。滚动体8能够由保持架7固持。
为了密封套圈4、6之间的空间设置有密封装置2，所述密封装置由第一密封部件10和第二密封部件12构成。第一密封部件10通过可以由金属制造的固持元件14固定在外圈6上。固持元件14可以通过卡固装置固定在外圈6上。第一密封部件10具有抵靠在内圈4上的第一密封唇16。
第二密封部件12安装在内圈4上。第二密封部件12为此可以具有卡固元件18，所述卡固元件可以在径向上啮合入内圈4的容纳部20中。第二密封部件12能够以此方式可靠地固定在内圈4上。
备选地，第一密封部件10可以通过固持元件14固定在外圈6上并且第二密封部件12可以固定在内圈4上。
第一密封部件10具有朝向第二密封部件12的第二密封唇22。所述第二密封唇22尤其布置在第二密封部件12的迷宫区段24中。在两个密封部件10、12之间通过第二密封唇22和固持元件14构成径向向外延伸的缝隙26。在静止状态中，润滑剂以及存在的积聚在缝隙26中的污物颗粒能够向下排出并且从轴承装置1中移除。
第一密封部件10和第二密封部件12结合构成迷宫式密封结构，以便最佳地密封轴承内部空间。这是由于第一密封部件10和第二密封部件12通过第二密封唇22和迷宫区段24相互啮合所实现的。
第二密封部件12尤其由比第一密封部件10刚性更高的材料构成。通过第一密封部件10的更软的材料，所述第一密封部件能够最佳地在内圈4上接触并且在此密封。由于第一密封部件10仅通过第一密封唇16接触内圈4，因此与已知的接触密封结构相比降低了第一密封部件10的磨损。
在第一密封唇16、内圈4和外圈6之间构成了能够用作润滑剂储存结构的空腔17。通过积聚在所述空腔中的润滑剂能够润滑第一密封部件10、尤其是第一密封唇16。通过这样的润滑能够进一步降低第一密封唇16的摩擦力矩并且进一步降低第一密封唇16的与之相关的潜在磨损。
总而言之，提供了一种密封装置，所述密封装置通过使用两个不同的密封部件确保了对轴承内部空间的优化的密封。
附图标记清单
1 轴承装置
2 密封装置
4 第一套圈
6 第二套圈
7 保持架
8 滚动体
10 第一密封部件
12 第二密封部件
14 固持元件
16 第一密封唇
17 润滑剂储存结构
18 卡固元件
20 容纳部
22 第二密封唇
24 迷宫区段
26 缝隙

Claims (9)

1.一种用于具有第一套圈(4)和第二套圈(6)的圆柱滚子轴承(1)的密封装置(2)，所述密封装置具有
布置在所述第一套圈(4)上的第一密封部件(10)和
布置在所述第二套圈(6)上的第二密封部件(12)，
其中，所述第一密封部件(10)具有构成接触密封结构的第一密封唇(16)，并且其中，第一密封部件(10)和第二密封部件(12)结合构成迷宫式密封结构，其中，所述第一密封部件(10)和所述第二密封部件(12)相互之间不具有直接的接触，其特征在于，在所述第一密封部件(10)和第二密封部件(12)之间构成径向向外延伸的缝隙(26)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的密封装置，其中，所述第一密封部件(10)由第一材料构成并且所述第二密封部件(12)由第二材料构成，其中，所述第一材料比所述第二材料更软。
3.按照权利要求2所述的密封装置，其中，所述第一材料是弹性材料。
4.按照权利要求2或3所述的密封装置，其中，所述第二材料是金属或者硬塑料材料。
5.按照前述权利要求之一所述的密封装置，其中，所述第二密封部件(12)提供向外的密封，并且其中，所述第一密封部件(10)提供向内和向外的密封。
6.按照权利要求1所述的密封装置，其中，在第一套圈(4)、第二套圈(6)和第一密封唇(16)之间形成能够用作润滑剂储存结构的空腔(17)。
7.按照前述权利要求之一所述的密封装置，其中，所述第一密封部件(10)具有在径向上朝向第二密封部件(12)的第二密封唇(22)。
8.按照权利要求3所述的密封装置，其中，所述第一材料是橡胶。
9.一种圆柱滚子轴承(1)，具有第一套圈(4)和第二套圈(6)和按照前述权利要求之一所述的密封装置(2)，所述密封装置布置在第一套圈(4)和第二套圈(6)上。
CN201910322338.1A 2018-08-20 2019-04-22 密封装置 Active CN110848268B (zh)

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