CN110682640A - 阻燃性无纺布 - Google Patents
阻燃性无纺布 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域，且公开了一种阻燃性无纺布，包括无纺布基层，所述无纺布基层的上表面设置有流延膜，所述无纺布基层的材料包括聚丙烯70份‑80份，阻燃剂5份‑10份，蒸馏水50份，所述流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜。该阻燃性无纺布，通过阻燃剂溶液和消烟剂均与聚丙烯熔融后制成无纺布基层，使得阻燃无纺布的制备过程较为方便，缩短了无纺布的烘干时间，通过阻燃剂内设置有聚溴化苯乙烯，使得无纺布基层发生燃烧时产生大量溴化氢惰性气体，进而冲淡可燃性气体并阻止燃烧，通过设置有流延膜，并且流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜，使得流延膜燃烧时会缩合成芳构型炭，进而使得无纺布与外界热源阻隔并阻止燃烧。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域，具体为一种阻燃性无纺布。
背景技术
无纺布又称不织布，是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成。因具有布的外观和某些性能而称其为布，无纺布根据成分，有涤纶、丙纶、锦纶、氨纶、腈纶等。以聚丙烯树脂为主要生产原料制作的无纺布具蓬松性，手感好，透气性佳，易保持布面干爽、易洗涤。一般的无纺布制备过程中将聚丙烯和色母粒混合后熔融并压制成无纺布。目前市场上的无纺布原料为聚丙烯等为碳氢类材料，较易于造成燃烧，并且无纺布的阻燃处理多为浸泡阻燃剂溶液，过程较为繁琐。
发明内容
（一）解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种阻燃性无纺布，具备能够通过气相阻燃和凝聚相阻燃相结合地组织燃烧，提高了无纺布地阻燃效果，并且制备过程较为方便等优点，解决了目前市场上的无纺布原料为聚丙烯等为碳氢类材料，较易于造成燃烧，并且无纺布的阻燃处理多为浸泡阻燃剂溶液，过程较为繁琐的问题。
（二）技术方案
为实现上述能够通过气相阻燃和凝聚相阻燃相结合地组织燃烧，提高了无纺布地阻燃效果，并且制备过程较为方便的目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种阻燃性无纺布，包括无纺布基层，所述无纺布基层的上表面设置有流延膜，所述无纺布基层的材料包括聚丙烯70份-80份，阻燃剂5份-10份，蒸馏水50份，所述流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜。
优选的，所述无纺布基层的制备方法如下：先将阻燃剂与蒸馏水混合成阻燃剂溶液，然后将聚丙烯颗粒熔融成流体，再将阻燃剂溶液与聚丙烯混合后挤出，并将挤出的聚丙烯熔体拉伸而形成连续长丝，并将长丝铺设成纤维网，纤维网再经过热粘合加固成无纺布基层。
优选的，阻燃剂的组成成分包括聚溴化苯乙烯和消烟剂，其中聚溴化苯乙烯的制备方法为：使用β-溴乙基溴代苯进行溴化反应和还原反应得到溴化苯乙烯，然后将溴化苯乙烯进行聚合反应的到聚溴化苯乙烯。
优选的，所述流延膜的制备方法为：通过苯四甲酸二酐和二胺基二苯醚在极强性溶剂二甲基乙酰胺中经缩聚并流延成膜，然后经亚胺化形成聚酰亚胺膜。
优选的，消烟剂的成分为双环戊二烯合铁、八钼酸铵、三氢化钼、氢氧化铝其中之一，且阻燃剂中消烟剂与聚溴化苯乙烯的比例为1：7。
优选的，所述无纺布基层的上表面与流延膜的下表面相接触，然后通过加热和加压，使得无纺布基层与流延膜相接触的表面熔融固定。
优选的，无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液。
（三）有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种阻燃性无纺布，具备以下有益效果：
1、该阻燃性无纺布，通过阻燃剂溶液和消烟剂均与聚丙烯熔融后制成无纺布基层，使得阻燃无纺布的制备过程较为方便，缩短了无纺布的烘干时间，通过阻燃剂内设置有聚溴化苯乙烯，使得无纺布基层发生燃烧时产生大量溴化氢惰性气体，进而冲淡可燃性气体并阻止燃烧，通过设置有流延膜，并且流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜，使得流延膜燃烧时会缩合成芳构型炭，进而使得无纺布与外界热源阻隔并阻止燃烧。
2、该阻燃性无纺布，通过阻燃剂内设置有消烟剂，使得阻燃剂在熔融过程中产生的有害气体能够被吸收，提高了阻燃性无纺布的环保性和安全性，通过无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液，使得无纺布的柔软性和抗菌性较高，并且阳离子型季铵盐能够较好的对无纺布进行固色。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种阻燃性无纺布，包括无纺布基层，其特征在于：无纺布基层的上表面设置有流延膜，无纺布基层的材料包括聚丙烯75份，阻燃剂5份，蒸馏水50份，流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜。
具体的，阻燃剂的组成成分包括聚溴化苯乙烯和消烟剂，其中聚溴化苯乙烯的制备方法为：使用β-溴乙基溴代苯进行溴化反应和还原反应得到溴化苯乙烯，然后将溴化苯乙烯进行聚合反应的到聚溴化苯乙烯，通过阻燃剂内设置有聚溴化苯乙烯，使得无纺布基层能够发生燃烧时产生大量溴化氢惰性气体，进而冲淡可燃性气体并阻止燃烧。
具体的，无纺布基层的制备方法如下：先将阻燃剂与蒸馏水混合成阻燃剂溶液，然后将聚丙烯颗粒熔融成流体，再将阻燃剂溶液与聚丙烯混合后挤出，并将挤出的聚丙烯熔体拉伸而形成连续长丝，并将长丝铺设成纤维网，纤维网再经过热粘合加固成无纺布基层，通过阻燃剂溶液和消烟剂均与聚丙烯熔融后制成无纺布基层，使得阻燃无纺布的制备过程较为方便，缩短了无纺布的烘干时间。
具体的，流延膜的制备方法为：通过苯四甲酸二酐和二胺基二苯醚在极强性溶剂二甲基乙酰胺中经缩聚并流延成膜，然后经亚胺化形成聚酰亚胺膜，通过设置有流延膜，并且流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜，使得流延膜燃烧时会缩合成芳构型炭，进而使得无纺布与外界热源阻隔并阻止燃烧。
具体的，消烟剂的成分为双环戊二烯合铁、八钼酸铵、三氢化钼、氢氧化铝其中之一，且阻燃剂中消烟剂与聚溴化苯乙烯的比例为1：7，通过阻燃剂内设置有消烟剂，使得阻燃剂在熔融过程中产生的有害气体能够被吸收，提高了阻燃性无纺布的环保性和安全性。
具体的，无纺布基层的上表面与流延膜的下表面相接触，然后通过加热和加压，使得无纺布基层与流延膜相接触的表面熔融固定，通过无纺布基层与流延膜相接触的表面熔融固定，使得无纺布基层与流延膜的固定不需要使用粘合剂。
具体的，无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液，通过无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，使得无纺布的柔软性和抗菌性较高，并且阳离子型季铵盐能够较好的对无纺布进行固色。
实施例2
一种阻燃性无纺布，包括无纺布基层，其特征在于：无纺布基层的上表面设置有流延膜，无纺布基层的材料包括聚丙烯75份，阻燃剂7.5份，蒸馏水50份，流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜。
具体的，阻燃剂的组成成分包括聚溴化苯乙烯和消烟剂，其中聚溴化苯乙烯的制备方法为：使用β-溴乙基溴代苯进行溴化反应和还原反应得到溴化苯乙烯，然后将溴化苯乙烯进行聚合反应的到聚溴化苯乙烯。
具体的，无纺布基层的制备方法如下：先将阻燃剂与蒸馏水混合成阻燃剂溶液，然后将聚丙烯颗粒熔融成流体，再将阻燃剂溶液与聚丙烯混合后挤出，并将挤出的聚丙烯熔体拉伸而形成连续长丝，并将长丝铺设成纤维网，纤维网再经过热粘合加固成无纺布基层。
具体的，流延膜的制备方法为：通过苯四甲酸二酐和二胺基二苯醚在极强性溶剂二甲基乙酰胺中经缩聚并流延成膜，然后经亚胺化形成聚酰亚胺膜。
具体的，消烟剂的成分为双环戊二烯合铁、八钼酸铵、三氢化钼、氢氧化铝其中之一，且阻燃剂中消烟剂与聚溴化苯乙烯的比例为1：7。
具体的，无纺布基层的上表面与流延膜的下表面相接触，然后通过加热和加压，使得无纺布基层与流延膜相接触的表面熔融固定。
具体的，无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液。
实施例3
一种阻燃性无纺布，包括无纺布基层，其特征在于：无纺布基层的上表面设置有流延膜，无纺布基层的材料包括聚丙烯80份，阻燃剂10份，蒸馏水50份，流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜。
具体的，阻燃剂的组成成分包括聚溴化苯乙烯和消烟剂，其中聚溴化苯乙烯的制备方法为：使用β-溴乙基溴代苯进行溴化反应和还原反应得到溴化苯乙烯，然后将溴化苯乙烯进行聚合反应的到聚溴化苯乙烯。
具体的，无纺布基层的制备方法如下：先将阻燃剂与蒸馏水混合成阻燃剂溶液，然后将聚丙烯颗粒熔融成流体，再将阻燃剂溶液与聚丙烯混合后挤出，并将挤出的聚丙烯熔体拉伸而形成连续长丝，并将长丝铺设成纤维网，纤维网再经过热粘合加固成无纺布基层。
具体的，流延膜的制备方法为：通过苯四甲酸二酐和二胺基二苯醚在极强性溶剂二甲基乙酰胺中经缩聚并流延成膜，然后经亚胺化形成聚酰亚胺膜。
具体的，消烟剂的成分为双环戊二烯合铁、八钼酸铵、三氢化钼、氢氧化铝其中之一，且阻燃剂中消烟剂与聚溴化苯乙烯的比例为1：7。
具体的，无纺布基层的上表面与流延膜的下表面相接触，然后通过加热和加压，使得无纺布基层与流延膜相接触的表面熔融固定。
具体的，无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液。
根据GB/T 5455-2014《纺织品燃烧性能试验垂直法》对实施例1-实施例3和现有的阻燃性无纺布进行阻燃试验，试验方法是将长度和宽度均为200mm的试样垂直置于规定的燃烧试验箱中，用规定的火源点燃12秒，除去火源后测定试样的续燃时间和阴燃时间，阴燃停止后，按规定的方法测出损毁长度与原始长度的比例，试验结果如表1所示。
表1 燃烧试验结果表
综上所述，该阻燃性无纺布，通过阻燃剂溶液和消烟剂均与聚丙烯熔融后制成无纺布基层，使得阻燃无纺布的制备过程较为方便，缩短了无纺布的烘干时间，通过阻燃剂内设置有聚溴化苯乙烯，使得无纺布基层能够发生燃烧时产生大量溴化氢惰性气体，进而冲淡可燃性气体并阻止燃烧，通过设置有流延膜，并且流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜，使得流延膜燃烧时会缩合成芳构型炭，进而使得无纺布与外界热源阻隔并阻止燃烧，通过阻燃剂内设置有消烟剂，使得阻燃剂在熔融过程中产生的有害气体能够被吸收，提高了阻燃性无纺布的环保性和安全性，通过无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液，使得无纺布的柔软性和抗菌性较高，并且阳离子型季铵盐能够较好的对无纺布进行固色。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (7)
1.一种阻燃性无纺布，包括无纺布基层，其特征在于：所述无纺布基层的上表面设置有流延膜，所述无纺布基层的材料包括聚丙烯70份-80份，阻燃剂5份-10份，蒸馏水50份，所述流延膜为聚酰亚胺膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃性无纺布，其特征在于：所述无纺布基层的制备方法如下：先将阻燃剂与蒸馏水混合成阻燃剂溶液，然后将聚丙烯颗粒熔融成流体，再将阻燃剂溶液与聚丙烯混合后挤出，并将挤出的聚丙烯熔体拉伸而形成连续长丝，并将长丝铺设成纤维网，纤维网再经过热粘合加固成无纺布基层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃性无纺布，其特征在于：阻燃剂的组成成分包括聚溴化苯乙烯和消烟剂，其中聚溴化苯乙烯的制备方法为：使用β-溴乙基溴代苯进行溴化反应和还原反应得到溴化苯乙烯，然后将溴化苯乙烯进行聚合反应的到聚溴化苯乙烯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃性无纺布，其特征在于：所述流延膜的制备方法为：通过苯四甲酸二酐和二胺基二苯醚在极强性溶剂二甲基乙酰胺中经缩聚并流延成膜，然后经亚胺化形成聚酰亚胺膜。
5.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃性无纺布，其特征在于：消烟剂的成分为双环戊二烯合铁、八钼酸铵、三氢化钼、氢氧化铝其中之一，且阻燃剂中消烟剂与聚溴化苯乙烯的比例为1：7。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃性无纺布，其特征在于：所述无纺布基层的上表面与流延膜的下表面相接触，然后通过加热和加压，使得无纺布基层与流延膜相接触的表面熔融固定。
7.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃性无纺布，其特征在于：无纺布基层的制备过程中添加柔软剂和抗菌剂，并且柔软剂内设置有阳离子型季铵盐，抗菌剂内设置有薄荷提纯液。
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