CN110663430A - Management method for improving blueberry fruit quality - Google Patents
Management method for improving blueberry fruit quality Download PDFInfo
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- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a management method for improving blueberry fruit quality, which is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the processes of fertigation, pollination, reflective membrane laying and soil management. According to the blueberry cultivation method, the reflective film is laid under the tree in the young fruit period of the blueberries, so that the photosynthesis of the blueberries is improved, and the accumulation of the contents of anthocyanin and vitamin C in the fruits is promoted; by adopting the bee pollination method, the fruiting rate and the weight of a single fruit are increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural management, in particular to a management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits.
Background
Blueberries, plant of the genus Vaccinium of the family Ericaceae, perennial berry type shrub fruit trees. The fruit is dark blue, nearly round and covered with fruit powder. The blueberry fruit is rich in bioactive components and nutrient substances such as anthocyanin, flavonoid, phenolic acid and the like, and is listed as one of five health foods for human by food and agriculture organization of the United nations.
In the prior art, researches on blueberries mostly focus on planting methods, plant growth and blueberry yield, but the quality of the blueberries is neglected too much. The blueberry anthocyanin content is an important index for evaluating the quality and the nutritional and health-care value of the blueberry, but because the main blueberry cultivars are introduced from countries such as Europe, America, Japan and the like in China at present, an effective management technical system for regulating and improving the blueberry anthocyanin content is not formed, the blueberry anthocyanin content is generally unstable, the content of the same cultivar is low compared with that of the same cultivar in foreign countries, so that the cultivar cannot be easily introduced into the international market at one time, and the healthy development of the blueberry industry is limited. A considerable part of domestic and foreign researches on anthocyanins in blueberry fruits mainly focus on the aspects of anthocyanin extraction, composition analysis, identification and the like, and relate to the relational research of anthocyanin content and management methods less.
Therefore, how to provide a management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits, wherein in the young fruit period of the blueberries, a reflective film is laid under the trees to increase the photosynthesis of the blueberries and promote the accumulation of the contents of anthocyanin and vitamin C in the fruits; by adopting a bee pollination method, the fruiting rate and the weight of a single blueberry fruit are increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) irrigation and fertilization: watering the blueberry seedlings in the field planting period of 1-6 months, the flowering period and the fruiting period respectively, and applying selenium fertilizer of earthworm excrement;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 10-15cm in the fruit mature period and applying sulfur powder to the soil.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: the blueberry seedlings at specific growth stages are fertilized, so that the growth requirements of the blueberry seedlings at different growth stages are met; the honeybees are used for pollinating the blueberries, so that the content of nutrient substances in the blueberries is increased, the content of soluble sugar is increased, and meanwhile, the average diameter and the weight of a single blueberry fruit are increased; the laying of the silver reflective film can effectively reflect the light source to the plants, so that the plants are irradiated by the light source at a short distance, the photosynthesis of the blueberry plants is increased, and the quality of blueberry fruits is improved; the soil is deeply turned, so that the air permeability of the soil is increased, the pH value of the soil can be efficiently regulated and controlled by adding the sulfur powder into the soil, a proper environment is provided for the growth of the blueberries, and the quality of the blueberry fruits is further improved; the weight ratio of the earthworm feces to the selenium fertilizer is controlled to be 1: 1-3, wherein the earthworm feces is rich in bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, and the microorganisms not only mineralize complex substances into effective substances which are easy to be absorbed by plants, but also synthesize a series of substances with biological activity, such as sugar, amino acid, vitamins and the like, so as to promote the growth and development of the plants; the selenium fertilizer has the functions of sterilization and disease and pest resistance, and the quality and the yield of blueberry fruits can be effectively improved by mixing the earthworm excrement and the selenium fertilizer.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fertilizing process in step 1) includes:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 20-25 days;
2) applying phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer every 5-7 days in the flowering period of the blueberries;
3) in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 10-15 days.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: when seedlings are planted for 1-6 months, the fertilizing amount is 0.2-0.3kg per plant each time; in the flowering period and fruiting period of the blueberries, the fertilizing amount is 0.3-0.4kg per plant; and applying different amounts of fertilizers at different growth stages of the blueberries to promote the stable growth of plants and fruits.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the pollination process comprises the following steps: other insect avoidance, bee induction and bee pollination.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: insects are avoided, and damage of the insects to blueberry plants and fruits can be prevented; the bee induction can induce the dependence of bees on blueberry pollen, so that the blueberry pollen is collected specifically, and the pollination success rate and the fruit setting rate are improved.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method for planting clovers among blueberry plants is adopted to realize the avoidance of other insects.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: clover can attract the natural enemies of pests, avoid the damage of the insects to blueberry plants, and reduce the incidence of the blueberries.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bee induction process comprises: blueberry nectar is adopted for feeding before and at the initial stage of bee entering.
The blueberry nectar is used for feeding bees, so that the bees depend on the blueberry nectar, and the success rate of pollination is increased.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 4), sulfur powder is applied to the soil until the pH value of the soil is 4.3-4.8.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: the sulfur powder is added into the soil, so that the pH value of the soil can be efficiently regulated, a proper environment is provided for the growth of the blueberries, and the quality of the blueberry fruits is further improved; when the pH value is 4.3-4.8, the pH value is the optimal pH value for blueberry growth.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corncobs, 35-45 parts of clay, 5-12 parts of plant ash, 15-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.01-0.05 part of selenium salt, 0.01-0.05 part of citric acid and 0.01-0.05 part of biological bacteria.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: the corncob is used as a carrier for selenium salt conversion of biological bacteria, can improve the tolerance of the biological bacteria (lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis) to selenium salt, can be slowly decomposed and converted into organic fertilizer under the action of microorganisms in soil, can enhance the ventilation and water permeability of the soil, can cure the soil, and can enhance the fertilizer retention and supply capacity and the buffer capacity of the soil; the citric acid can reduce the toxicity of selenium salt, neutralize the alkalinity of the selenium salt and prevent the selenium salt from ablating the roots of blueberry plants; the plant ash can neutralize acid generated in the decomposition and conversion process of the corncobs and can be used as a potassium fertilizer for soil.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the inorganic fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium bicarbonate and diammonium phosphate.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: urea, ammonium bicarbonate or diammonium phosphate all provide rich nitrogen sources for soil, provide rich raw materials for synthesizing protein in blueberry plants, and are beneficial to the robustness of the plants and the maturity of fruits.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the inorganic fertilizer is selected from a mixture of urea and diammonium phosphate, and the mass ratio of the urea to the diammonium phosphate is 1: 1-3.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the selenium salt is selected from one or more of sodium selenate, potassium selenite and sodium selenite.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: the sodium selenate, the potassium selenite and the sodium selenite contain a large amount of selenium elements, and can increase the insect pest resistant effect of plants after being absorbed and utilized by blueberry plants; meanwhile, selenium has the effects of resisting cancer and oxidation, and selenium salt is applied to blueberry plants, so that the oxidation resistance of blueberry fruits can be obviously improved, and the quality of the blueberry fruits is further improved.
In conclusion, the invention provides a management method for improving blueberry fruit quality, and the technical effects are as follows:
1) the reflective film is laid under the blueberry plants, so that the illumination time and intensity of the plants are increased, the photosynthesis of the blueberry plants is increased, the accumulation of nutrient substances in blueberry fruits is facilitated, and the quality of the blueberry fruits is improved.
2) The honeybees are induced and pollinated to the blueberries, so that the success rate of pollination and the fruit setting rate of the fruits are increased, and the diameter and the weight of each fruit are increased.
3) According to the invention, clay is coated on the surface of the primary material of the selenium-rich compound fertilizer, so that a remarkable slow release effect can be achieved, continuous nutrients and selenium sources can be provided in the growth and maturation processes of the blueberries, the selenium element plays a role in protecting plants from insect damage through trace volatilization, and the yield and quality of the blueberries are effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 20 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.2kg per plant; in the flowering period of the blueberries, applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer once every 5 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 0.4kg per plant; in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 12 days, and the application amount is 0.35kg per plant each time; wherein the weight ratio of the earthworm excrement to the selenium fertilizer is 1: 3, and the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of corncobs, 35 parts of clay, 5 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.01 part of sodium selenite, 0.01 part of citric acid and 0.01 part of bacillus;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase, and firstly, realizing the avoidance of other insects by adopting a method of planting clovers among blueberry plants; secondly, feeding and inducing by adopting blueberry nectar before and at the initial stage of bee entrance; finally, pollinating the blueberries by using bees;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant; the width of the reflective film is equal to the distance between two rows of plants;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 10cm in the fruit mature period, and applying sulfur powder to the soil to enable the pH value of the soil to be 4.3.
Example 2
A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 22 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.3kg per plant; in the flowering period of the blueberries, applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer once every 5 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 0.3kg per plant; in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 10 days, and the application amount is 0.3kg per plant each time; wherein the weight ratio of the earthworm excrement to the selenium fertilizer is 1: 2, and the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of corncobs, 40 parts of clay, 10 parts of plant ash, 18 parts of urea, 0.02 part of sodium selenite, 0.05 part of citric acid and 0.02 part of lactic acid bacteria;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase, and firstly, realizing the avoidance of other insects by adopting a method of planting clovers among blueberry plants; secondly, feeding and inducing by adopting blueberry nectar before and at the initial stage of bee entrance; finally, pollinating the blueberries by using bees;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant; the width of the reflective film is equal to the distance between two rows of plants;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 12cm in the fruit mature period, and applying sulfur powder to the soil to ensure that the pH value of the soil is 4.4.
Example 3
A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 25 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.24kg per plant each time; in the flowering period of the blueberries, applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer once every 6 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 0.4kg per plant; in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 15 days, and the application amount is 0.3kg per plant each time; wherein the weight ratio of the earthworm excrement to the selenium fertilizer is 1: 1.5, and the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of corncobs, 45 parts of clay, 12 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of a mixture of urine and ammonium bicarbonate according to the proportion of 1: 3, 0.05 part of sodium selenate, 0.02 part of citric acid and 0.05 part of bacillus;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase, and firstly, realizing the avoidance of other insects by adopting a method of planting clovers among blueberry plants; secondly, feeding and inducing by adopting blueberry nectar before and at the initial stage of bee entrance; finally, pollinating the blueberries by using bees;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant; the width of the reflective film is equal to the distance between two rows of plants;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 14cm in the fruit mature period, and applying sulfur powder to the soil to ensure that the pH value of the soil is 4.8.
Example 4
A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 23 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.25kg per plant; in the flowering period of the blueberries, applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer once every 7 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 0.36kg per plant; in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 13 days, and the application amount is 0.38kg per plant each time; wherein the weight ratio of the earthworm excrement to the selenium fertilizer is 1: 1, and the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 54 parts of corncobs, 38 parts of clay, 10 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of a mixture of urea and diamine phosphate according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, 0.04 part of a mixture of potassium selenite and sodium selenite according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5, 0.03 part of citric acid and 0.04 part of lactic acid bacteria;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase, and firstly, realizing the avoidance of other insects by adopting a method of planting clovers among blueberry plants; secondly, feeding and inducing by adopting blueberry nectar before and at the initial stage of bee entrance; finally, pollinating the blueberries by using bees;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant; the width of the reflective film is equal to the distance between two rows of plants;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 15cm in the fruit mature period, and applying sulfur powder to the soil to ensure that the pH value of the soil is 4.7.
Example 5
A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 24 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.28kg per plant; in the flowering period of the blueberries, applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer once every 6 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 0.39kg per plant; in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 14 days, and the application amount is 0.37kg per plant each time; wherein the weight ratio of the earthworm excrement to the selenium fertilizer is 1: 2.5, and the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 56 parts of corncobs, 39 parts of clay, 6 parts of plant ash, 17 parts of diammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sodium selenate, 0.04 part of citric acid and 0.03 part of bacillus;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase, and firstly, realizing the avoidance of other insects by adopting a method of planting clovers among blueberry plants; secondly, feeding and inducing by adopting blueberry nectar before and at the initial stage of bee entrance; finally, pollinating the blueberries by using bees;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant; the width of the reflective film is equal to the distance between two rows of plants;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 13cm in the fruit mature period, and applying sulfur powder to the soil to ensure that the pH value of the soil is 4.6.
Example 6
A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; comprises the following steps:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 22 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.3kg per plant; in the flowering period of the blueberries, applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer once every 5 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 0.3kg per plant; in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 10 days, and the application amount is 0.3kg per plant each time; wherein the weight ratio of the earthworm excrement to the selenium fertilizer is 1: 1, and the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 53 parts of corncobs, 40 parts of clay, 10 parts of plant ash, 19 parts of urea, 0.03 part of a mixture of sodium selenate and potassium selenite according to the proportion of 1: 1, 0.02 part of citric acid and 0.05 part of bacillus;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase, and firstly, realizing the avoidance of other insects by adopting a method of planting clovers among blueberry plants; secondly, feeding and inducing by adopting blueberry nectar before and at the initial stage of bee entrance; finally, pollinating the blueberries by using bees;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant; the width of the reflective film is equal to the distance between two rows of plants;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply turning the soil by 11cm in the fruit mature period, and applying sulfur powder to the soil to ensure that the pH value of the soil is 4.5.
Example 7 determination of the content of nutrients in blueberry fruits obtained in examples 1-6
Respectively and randomly selecting 1000 pieces of the blueberry fruits obtained in the above examples 1-6, and measuring the diameter and the average single fruit weight of the blueberry fruits; the fruit setting rate and the fruit setting rate of each embodiment are measured simultaneously; measuring the content of soluble solid in the fruit by a refractometer, measuring the content of anthocyanin and total acid by a spectrophotometry, and measuring the content of VC by a 2, 6-dichlorophenol starch method; each group was assayed in triplicate and the results are shown in tables one and two;
table-comparative data on fruit quality
As can be seen from table one, the blueberry plants were managed in the management manner in example 4, and the obtained blueberry fruits had the highest quality.
Comparison data of weight and diameter of single fruit of Tambiu blueberry fruit
As can be seen from Table II, the blueberry yield obtained by the management method in example 4 is the highest.
Example 8
Managing blueberry plants by using the modes of the step 1), the step 3) and the step 4) in the embodiment 4, changing the pollination process in the step 2) into artificial pollination, and marking the obtained blueberry fruits as a comparative example 1; simultaneously collecting 1000 blueberry fruits in the comparative example 1, calculating the weight, the diameter and the anthocyanin content of each fruit, and calculating an average value; and calculating fruit setting rate and fruit setting rate, and the result is shown in table three:
comparison of blueberry quality under different management modes
As seen from the third table, honeybees are adopted for pollination, and compared with artificial pollination in the prior art, the single fruit weight, the single fruit diameter, the fruit setting rate and the fruit setting of the blueberries can be obviously improved; the pollination mode has no obvious influence on the content of nutrient substances in the blueberry fruits.
Example 9
Removing the process of paving the reflective film in the embodiment 4), and taking the other processes as the same, recording the obtained blueberry fruits as a comparative example 2, manually picking 1000 blueberry fruits in the management mode, and measuring the anthocyanin content, the sugar-acid ratio, the VC content and the soluble solid content of the blueberry fruits in the comparative example 1 by using the method in the embodiment 7; meanwhile, the diameter and the single fruit weight of the blueberry fruit are measured, and the result is shown in the fourth table;
comparison of blueberry fruit quality when reflective film is paved on table four and when reflective film is not paved on table four
The fourth table shows that the content of nutrients such as VC, soluble solid matters and anthocyanin in the blueberry fruits can be obviously improved by laying the reflective film, the quality of the blueberry fruits is obviously improved, and the existence of the reflective film improves the photosynthetic efficiency of blueberry plants.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits is characterized in that blueberry seedlings are managed after being planted and cultivated; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) irrigation and fertilization: watering the blueberry seedlings in the field planting period of 1-6 months, the flowering period and the fruiting period respectively, and applying selenium fertilizer of earthworm excrement;
2) pollination: naturally pollinating the blueberries by adopting bees in the flowering phase;
3) laying a reflective film: in the blueberry fruit development period, silver reflective films are paved on two sides of a blueberry plant;
4) and (3) soil management, namely deeply ploughing the soil by 10-15cm in the fruit mature period and applying sulfur powder to the soil.
2. The management method for improving the quality of the blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing process in the step 1) comprises:
1) 1-6 months after the blueberry seedlings are planted, applying selenium fertilizer containing earthworm excrement to the blueberry seedlings every 20-25 days;
2) applying phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer every 5-7 days in the flowering period of the blueberries;
3) in the blueberry fruiting period, the selenium fertilizer added with the earthworm excrement is applied every 10-15 days.
3. The management method for improving the quality of the blueberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pollination process comprises: other insect avoidance, bee induction and bee pollination.
4. The management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method of planting clovers among blueberry plants is adopted to realize the avoidance of other insects.
5. The management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bee-induced process comprises: blueberry nectar is adopted for feeding before and at the initial stage of bee entering.
6. The management method for improving the quality of the blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4), sulfur powder is applied to the soil until the pH value of the soil is 4.3-4.8.
7. The management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits according to claim 1, wherein the selenium fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corncobs, 35-45 parts of clay, 5-12 parts of plant ash, 15-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.01-0.05 part of selenium salt, 0.01-0.05 part of citric acid and 0.01-0.05 part of biological bacteria.
8. The management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 7, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: the inorganic fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium bicarbonate and diammonium phosphate.
9. The management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 7, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: the inorganic fertilizer is selected from a mixture of urea and diammonium phosphate, and the mass ratio of the urea to the diammonium phosphate is 1: 1-3.
10. The management method for improving the quality of blueberry fruits as claimed in claim 7, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: the selenium salt is selected from one or more of sodium selenate, potassium selenite and sodium selenite.
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