CN110603971A - Snow pear seedling growing method - Google Patents
Snow pear seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110603971A CN110603971A CN201911025886.4A CN201911025886A CN110603971A CN 110603971 A CN110603971 A CN 110603971A CN 201911025886 A CN201911025886 A CN 201911025886A CN 110603971 A CN110603971 A CN 110603971A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for raising snow pear seedlings, which comprises the steps of soaking snow pear branches in clear water for 1-1.5 hours, then soaking the snow pear branches in a soaking agent prepared by mixing amino-oligosaccharide, vitamin B12, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution, 0.6-0.8% copper sulfate solution, 0.03-0.06% forchlorfenuron and water for 3-6 hours, vertically inserting the snow pear branches into a cutting medium prepared from turfy soil, vermiculite, lunar caustic, perlite, dried and decomposed organic manure, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid according to a plant spacing of 2-2.5 m, wherein the insertion depth is 2-3 cm; and after cuttage, watering in time, keeping the water content of the cuttage matrix at 30-40%, and performing reasonable pest control. The method can efficiently improve the cuttage survival rate of the snow pears, the seedling activity of the snow pears is strong, and the high survival rate of seedling transplantation is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling culture, in particular to a snow pear seedling culture method.
Background
Snow pear, which has tender and white flesh like snow, is a common fruit. According to the records of Ben Cao gang mu, the pear is good at and also good at descending and flowing. It can be used for treating wind-heat, moistening lung, cooling heart, eliminating phlegm, lowering fire and removing toxic substance. Medical research proves that the pear indeed has the functions of moistening lung, clearing dryness, relieving cough, reducing phlegm, nourishing blood and promoting granulation. The existing cuttage seedling raising technology for snow pears has low survival rate, weak seedlings and low transplanting survival rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for growing seedlings of snow pears, which has high transplanting survival rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for growing seedlings of snow pears comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting semi-lignified shoots of 5-10-year-old snow pears in the current year, which are free of diseases, insect pests and mechanical damage, and cutting the shoots into 15-20 cm;
s2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1-1.5 hours, and then soaking in a soaking agent for 3-6 hours; the soaking agent is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight:
2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of vitamin B12, 3 parts of 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution, 4 parts of 0.6-0.8% copper sulfate solution, 1 part of 0.03-0.06% forchlorfenuron and 100 parts of water;
s3, planting at 5-6 months, 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, vertically inserting snow pear branches into a cuttage matrix according to a distance of 2-2.5 m from plant to plant, wherein the cuttage depth is 2-3 cm, and the cuttage matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of vermiculite, 4 parts of moonlight florisin, 6 parts of perlite, 12 parts of dried and decomposed organic manure, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and 2 parts of rhamnolipid;
s4, watering in time after cuttage, keeping the water content of the cuttage matrix at 30-40%, and performing reasonable pest control;
s5, selecting the nursery stock with well developed root system for transplanting, and transplanting together with the culture medium during transplanting.
Further, the cutting medium is placed on an electric heating hotbed, double-layer geothermal wires are distributed at the bottom of the electric heating hotbed, the temperature of the geothermal wires on the upper layer is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the geothermal wires on the lower layer is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
Further, the dried decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by drying decomposed organic manure in a far infrared oven at 200 ℃ for 45 min.
Further, the cutting substrate is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing turfy soil, vermiculite, moonlight flower essence, perlite, dried and decomposed organic manure, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid according to parts by weight;
2) uniformly stirring and mixing the weighed turfy soil, vermiculite, lunasin, perlite, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid, and crushing the dried and decomposed organic manure for tabletting;
3) and (3) uniformly stirring the flaky dried and decomposed organic manure and the mixture obtained in the step 2).
Further, a soil monitoring sensor is embedded in the culture medium and used for realizing real-time monitoring of nutrients of the culture medium, when the nutrients of the culture medium fall into a threshold needing to be supplemented, reasonable topdressing needs to be carried out, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in the topdressing, and dry and decomposed organic fertilizer pieces are buried in the topdressing.
Further, when in burying, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch with the nursery stock, wherein the fertilizing ditch is 2cm away from the nursery stock, the width of the ditch is 5-10 cm, the depth of the ditch is 3-4 cm, then applying a layer of dried and decomposed organic fertilizer slices of 2cm into the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) by processing the non-inserted branches, the formation of callus of the branches can be promoted, and the survival rate of the branch cutting is improved.
2) The substrate can meet the growth requirement of the cuttage seedlings of the snow pears, and can form a protective layer on the surface of the root system of the cuttage seedlings so as to improve the disease resistance of the cuttage seedlings; the dried decomposed organic manure gradually absorbs water and expands in a humid environment to keep the moisture of the matrix, so that the water storage capacity of the matrix is improved, but the root rot phenomenon cannot occur; can promote the growth of seedlings and shorten the seedling time.
3) The method can efficiently improve the cuttage survival rate of the snow pears, the seedling activity of the snow pears is strong, and the high survival rate of seedling transplantation is ensured.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the cutting medium was prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing turfy soil, vermiculite, moonlight flower essence, perlite, dried and decomposed organic manure, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid according to parts by weight;
2) uniformly stirring and mixing the weighed turfy soil, vermiculite, lunasin, perlite, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid, and crushing the dried and decomposed organic manure for tabletting;
3) and (3) uniformly stirring the flaky dried and decomposed organic manure and the mixture obtained in the step 2).
Example 1
A method for growing seedlings of snow pears comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting semi-lignified branches of 5-year-old snow pears which are free of diseases, insect pests and mechanical damage in the current year, and cutting the branches into 15 cm;
s2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1h, and then soaking for 3h by adopting a soaking agent; the soaking agent is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight:
2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of vitamin B12, 3 parts of 0.6% potassium permanganate solution, 4 parts of 0.6% copper sulfate solution, 1 part of 0.03% forchlorfenuron and 100 parts of water;
s3, planting at 5-6 months, 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, vertically inserting snow pear branches into a cuttage matrix according to a distance of 2-2.5 m from plant to plant, wherein the cuttage depth is 2-3 cm, and the cuttage matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of vermiculite, 4 parts of moonlight florisin, 6 parts of perlite, 12 parts of dried and decomposed organic manure, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of 0.6% potassium permanganate solution and 2 parts of rhamnolipid; the dried decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by drying decomposed organic manure in a far infrared oven at 200 ℃ for 45 min;
s4, watering in time after cuttage, keeping the water content of the cuttage matrix at 30-40%, and performing reasonable pest control;
s5, selecting the nursery stock with well developed root system for transplanting, and transplanting together with the culture medium during transplanting.
In the embodiment, the cuttage matrix is placed on an electric heating hotbed, double-layer geothermal wires are distributed at the bottom of the electric heating hotbed, the temperature of the upper geothermal wire is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the lower geothermal wire is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
In this embodiment, a soil monitoring sensor is embedded in the culture medium and used for monitoring the nutrients of the culture medium in real time, when the nutrients of the culture medium fall into a threshold to be supplemented, reasonable top dressing needs to be performed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed for top dressing, and dry and decomposed organic fertilizer pieces are buried for implementation. When in burying, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch with the nursery stock, wherein the fertilizing ditch is 2cm away from the nursery stock, the width of the fertilizing ditch is 5-10 cm, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is 3-4 cm, then applying a layer of dried decomposed organic fertilizer sheet with the thickness of 2cm into the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling.
Example 2
A method for growing seedlings of snow pears comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting semi-lignified branches of 10-year-old snow pears which are free of diseases, insect pests and mechanical damage in the current year, and cutting the branches into 20 cm;
s2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1.5h, and then soaking for 6h by adopting a soaking agent; the soaking agent is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight:
2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of vitamin B12, 3 parts of 0.8% potassium permanganate solution, 4 parts of 0.8% copper sulfate solution, 1 part of 0.06% forchlorfenuron and 100 parts of water;
s3, planting at 5-6 months, 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, vertically inserting snow pear branches into a cuttage matrix according to a distance of 2-2.5 m from plant to plant, wherein the cuttage depth is 2-3 cm, and the cuttage matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of vermiculite, 4 parts of moonlight florisin, 6 parts of perlite, 12 parts of dried and decomposed organic manure, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and 2 parts of rhamnolipid; the dried decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by drying decomposed organic manure in a far infrared oven at 200 ℃ for 45 min;
s4, watering in time after cuttage, keeping the water content of the cuttage matrix at 30-40%, and performing reasonable pest control;
s5, selecting the nursery stock with well developed root system for transplanting, and transplanting together with the culture medium during transplanting.
In the embodiment, the cuttage matrix is placed on an electric heating hotbed, double-layer geothermal wires are distributed at the bottom of the electric heating hotbed, the temperature of the upper geothermal wire is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the lower geothermal wire is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
In this embodiment, a soil monitoring sensor is embedded in the culture medium and used for monitoring the nutrients of the culture medium in real time, when the nutrients of the culture medium fall into a threshold to be supplemented, reasonable top dressing needs to be performed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed for top dressing, and dry and decomposed organic fertilizer pieces are buried for implementation. When in burying, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch with the nursery stock, wherein the fertilizing ditch is 2cm away from the nursery stock, the width of the fertilizing ditch is 5-10 cm, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is 3-4 cm, then applying a layer of dried decomposed organic fertilizer sheet with the thickness of 2cm into the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling.
Example 3
A method for growing seedlings of snow pears comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting semi-lignified twigs without diseases, insect pests and mechanical damage of 7-year-old snow pears in the current year, and cutting the twigs into 17 cm;
s2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1.5h, and then soaking for 4h by adopting a soaking agent; the soaking agent is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight:
2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of vitamin B12, 3 parts of 0.7% potassium permanganate solution, 4 parts of 0.7% copper sulfate solution, 1 part of 0.03-0.06% forchlorfenuron and 100 parts of water;
s3, planting at 5-6 months, 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, vertically inserting snow pear branches into a cuttage matrix according to a distance of 2-2.5 m from plant to plant, wherein the cuttage depth is 2-3 cm, and the cuttage matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of vermiculite, 4 parts of moonlight florisin, 6 parts of perlite, 12 parts of dried and decomposed organic manure, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of 0.7% potassium permanganate solution and 2 parts of rhamnolipid; the dried decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by drying decomposed organic manure in a far infrared oven at 200 ℃ for 45 min;
s4, watering in time after cuttage, keeping the water content of the cuttage matrix at 30-40%, and performing reasonable pest control;
s5, selecting the nursery stock with well developed root system for transplanting, and transplanting together with the culture medium during transplanting.
In the embodiment, the cuttage matrix is placed on an electric heating hotbed, double-layer geothermal wires are distributed at the bottom of the electric heating hotbed, the temperature of the upper geothermal wire is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the lower geothermal wire is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
In this embodiment, a soil monitoring sensor is embedded in the culture medium and used for monitoring the nutrients of the culture medium in real time, when the nutrients of the culture medium fall into a threshold to be supplemented, reasonable top dressing needs to be performed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed for top dressing, and dry and decomposed organic fertilizer pieces are buried for implementation. When in burying, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch with the nursery stock, wherein the fertilizing ditch is 2cm away from the nursery stock, the width of the fertilizing ditch is 5-10 cm, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is 3-4 cm, then applying a layer of dried decomposed organic fertilizer sheet with the thickness of 2cm into the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling.
Control group 1
S2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1.5h, and dipping the branches in 1000 mg/kg of ABT 2 rooting powder solution at medium speed;
the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Control group 2
S3, transplanting at 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, and vertically inserting the snow pear branches into soil according to the distance of 2-2.5 m;
the remaining steps were the same as in example 2.
Control group 3
S2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1.5h, and dipping the branches in 1000 mg/kg of ABT 2 rooting powder solution at medium speed;
s3, transplanting at 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, and vertically inserting the snow pear branches into soil according to the distance of 2-2.5 m;
the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 3;
the snow pear seedlings were grown according to the methods of examples 1 to 3 and control groups 1 to 3, wherein each example was grown to 100 square meters, the rooting rate of each group was counted after 20 days of culture, and the survival rate of each group was counted after 3 months of culture, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Survival rate% | The rooting percentage is% | |
| Example 1 | 97.3 | 94.5 |
| Example 2 | 97.6 | 95.6 |
| Example 3 | 96.5 | 93.7 |
| Control group 1 | 70.3 | 61.1 |
| Control group 2 | 71.1 | 63.2 |
| Control group 3 | 69.7 | 60.3 |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for growing seedlings of snow pears is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting semi-lignified shoots of 5-10-year-old snow pears in the current year, which are free of diseases, insect pests and mechanical damage, and cutting the shoots into 15-20 cm;
s2, soaking the snow pear branches in clear water for 1-1.5 hours, and then soaking in a soaking agent for 3-6 hours; the soaking agent is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight:
2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of vitamin B12, 3 parts of 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution, 4 parts of 0.6-0.8% copper sulfate solution, 1 part of 0.03-0.06% forchlorfenuron and 100 parts of water;
s3, planting at 5-6 months, 6-7 am and 5-6 pm, vertically inserting snow pear branches into a cuttage matrix according to a distance of 2-2.5 m from plant to plant, wherein the cuttage depth is 2-3 cm, and the cuttage matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of vermiculite, 4 parts of moonlight florisin, 6 parts of perlite, 12 parts of dried and decomposed organic manure, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and 2 parts of rhamnolipid;
s4, watering in time after cuttage, keeping the water content of the cuttage matrix at 30-40%, and performing reasonable pest control;
s5, selecting the nursery stock with well developed root system for transplanting, and transplanting together with the culture medium during transplanting.
2. The method for growing snow pear seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the cutting medium is placed on an electric heating hotbed, double-layer geothermal wires are arranged at the bottom of the electric heating hotbed, the temperature of the upper geothermal wire is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the lower geothermal wire is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
3. A method for growing seedlings of snow pears as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dried decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by drying decomposed organic manure in a far infrared oven at 200 ℃ for 45 min.
4. The method for raising snow pear seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the cutting medium is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing turfy soil, vermiculite, moonlight flower essence, perlite, dried and decomposed organic manure, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid according to parts by weight;
2) uniformly stirring and mixing the weighed turfy soil, vermiculite, lunasin, perlite, polyglutamic acid, 0.6-0.8% potassium permanganate solution and rhamnolipid, and crushing the dried and decomposed organic manure for tabletting;
3) and (3) uniformly stirring the flaky dried and decomposed organic manure and the mixture obtained in the step 2).
5. A method for growing seedlings of snow pears as claimed in claim 1, wherein a soil monitoring sensor is embedded in the cultivation substrate for real-time monitoring of the nutrients of the cultivation substrate, and when the nutrients of the cultivation substrate fall into a threshold to be supplemented, reasonable top dressing is carried out, and the top dressing is carried out by spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and burying dry decomposed organic fertilizer pieces.
6. A method for growing snow pear seedlings according to claim 5, wherein when burying, a circle of annular fertilizing ditch is dug by the nursery stock, the fertilizing ditch is 2cm away from the nursery stock, the width of the ditch is 5-10 cm, the depth of the ditch is 3-4 cm, then a layer of 2cm dry and decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling is carried out.
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