CN110506625B - I2A breeding method of high-quality three-line sterile line - Google Patents
I2A breeding method of high-quality three-line sterile line Download PDFInfo
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- CN110506625B CN110506625B CN201910935054.XA CN201910935054A CN110506625B CN 110506625 B CN110506625 B CN 110506625B CN 201910935054 A CN201910935054 A CN 201910935054A CN 110506625 B CN110506625 B CN 110506625B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of I2A of high-quality three-line sterile line, using D fragrant 1B as female parent and gold 23B as male parent to carry out artificial hybridization, carrying out 3-generation systematic breeding to breed single plants with excellent plant type, comprehensive character and rice blast resistance, then carrying out multi-generation continuous backcross with Ong 46A, in the backcross process, carrying out generation-by-generation microscopic examination and selection, selecting single plants with complete sterility, basically consistent plant type and male parent in sterile line backcross population, carrying out bidirectional selection, shortening breeding period, finally breeding high-quality three-line sterile line with stable fertility, excellent rice quality, high reproductive seed production yield, good matched combined resistance, strong hybrid vigor and good comprehensive character, and being named as high-quality three-line sterile line I2A, wherein the three-line sterile line has no fragrance, the matched combined rice quality is excellent, the yield is high, and the real organic combination of high quality and high yield is realized, solves the problem of high yield but poor quality of hybrid rice in rice breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice heterosis utilization, and particularly relates to an I2A breeding method of a high-quality three-line sterile line.
Background
Since the three-line hybrid rice is matched in 1973, the three-line hybrid rice is popularized in a large scale in the country in 1976, the rice yield in China continuously steps, and huge social benefits and economic benefits are generated. New sterile lines are continuously developed, such as Zhenshan 97A, D SHA A, Ongkang 46A, Xieqingzao A, II-32A, V20A and the like, and play a great role in rice production. Because the rice quality of the sterile lines is poor and the sterile lines are applied for many years in production, main diseases in production are easy to infect, and the yield of the matched rice variety is in a wandering situation. The high-yield rice variety is poor in rice quality, the yield of the good rice variety is not high, in order to solve the contradiction between high yield and high quality, the high-quality and high-yield of the two-line hybrid rice in Hunan walks at the front of the whole country, the two-line hybrid rice mainly comprising the Y58S female parent is bred, the popularization area is large, but rice blast is easy to occur due to long popularization age, the seed production fertility is not safe enough in the great agricultural province of Sichuan, and the rice quality also has the requirement for further improvement.
D fragrance 1B rice is excellent in quality and has fragrance, but the fertility of Sichuan is not improved due to unstable fertility, incomplete abortion, long flag leaves with high combination, and the like, and the combination is not pushed away in a large area in production.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new method for breeding a three-line sterile line with excellent rice quality, good resistance, excellent plant type and safe seed production fertility and a new method for breeding a high-yield, high-quality, excellent plant type and environment-friendly rice sterile line (variety).
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an I2A breeding method of a high-quality three-line sterile line, aiming at the problems of poor rice quality, aging, wandering first-generation seed yield and unsafe fertility of a two-line sterile line in Sichuan.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an I2A breeding method of a high-quality three-line sterile line, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting D fragrance 1B containing fragrance type blood relationship as a female parent and gold 23B as a male parent to carry out artificial hybridization, and harvesting hybrid seeds;
step 2, planting hybrid F1Selecting and breeding a single plant F with excellent plant type, excellent comprehensive character and rice blast resistance through a 2-generation system3；
Step 3, selecting F with excellent rice quality, good resistance, excellent plant type and good comprehensive character3Hybridizing the single plant with the oka 46A to obtain A1F1Planting Individual plant F3Receive F4Single plant seeds;
step 4, in F4Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A1F1The sterile single plants are crossed in pairs, wherein the sterile single plants are specifically determined by visual observation and pollen identification to prepare hybrid A2F1Planting Individual seed F4Receive F5Single plant seeds;
step 5, in F5Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A2F1The sterile single plants are crossed in pairs, wherein the sterile single plants are specifically determined by visual observation and pollen identification to prepare hybrid A3F1Planting Individual seed F5Harvesting the individual seeds F6；
Step 6, in F6Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A3F1The sterile single plants are crossed in pairs, wherein the sterile single plants are specifically determined by visual observation and pollen identification to prepare hybrid A4F1Namely a high-quality three-line sterile line I2A, planting F6Harvesting the individual seeds F7I.e., retention system I2B.
Optionally, the single plant with the target property specifically refers to a single plant with good plant type, more tillers, slender grain shape, more consistent properties of a plurality of single plants and no fragrance.
Optionally, the determination of the sterile individual plant through visual observation and pollen identification specifically means: the white thin anther is observed by naked eyes, and then the single plant with classical failure is determined as the sterile single plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1) the invention has advanced technical route and bidirectional selection of parents and parents;
2) the rice quality of the invention is excellent, and the processing quality of I2A is as follows: the brown rice rate is 79.5 percent, the polished rice rate is 70.3 percent, and the polished rice rate is 55.5 percent; appearance quality: chalkiness rate 9.6%, rice grain length 7.8mm, length-width ratio 3.4; the quality of the cooked food is as follows: the amylose content is 14%, the gelatinization temperature is 4.0, the consistency is 91mm, and the nutrition quality is as follows: the protein content was 8.2%.
3) The combined rice of the invention has excellent quality and high yield, really realizes the organic combination of high quality and high yield, and solves the problem of high yield but poor quality of hybrid rice in rice breeding.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the breeding method of I2A of the high-quality three-line sterile line of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that how to implement the technical features of the present invention to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
The invention discloses a breeding method of I2A of a high-quality three-line sterile line, which comprises the steps of using D fragrance 1B (containing Basmati odor type blood relationship) bred by Sichuan agriculture university rice institute as a female parent (mentioned in the identification of D fragrance 4A (variety weight: CNA 20060666.2)) as a variety, using gold 23B (sold in the market) as a male parent to perform artificial hybridization, performing 3-generation system breeding to breed a single plant with excellent plant type and comprehensive character and rice blast resistance, performing multi-generation continuous backcross with Oang 46A (sold in the market) later, performing generation-by-generation microscopic examination and selection in the backcross process, selecting the single plant with completely classical sterile plant type and basically consistent plant type and male parent in a sterile line backcross population and hybridizing with the male parent (selecting the male parent with excellent rice quality, stability, good resistance, excellent plant type and comprehensive character), performing bidirectional selection, shortening breeding years, and finally breeding with stable fertility and excellent rice quality, The high-quality three-line sterile line with high seed production yield, good matched combined resistance, strong heterosis and good comprehensive characters is named as the high-quality three-line sterile line I2A, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting D fragrance 1B containing fragrance type blood relationship as a female parent and gold 23B as a male parent to carry out artificial hybridization, and harvesting hybrid seeds;
step 2, planting hybrid F1Selecting and breeding a single plant F with excellent plant type, excellent comprehensive character and rice blast resistance through a 2-generation system3；
Step 3, selecting F with excellent quality, good resistance, excellent plant type and good comprehensive character for breeding rice3Hybridizing the single plant with the oka 46A to obtain A1F1Planting Individual plant F3Receive F4Single plant seeds;
step 4, in F4In the population, selecting single plants which tend to have good plant types, more tillers, slender grain types and more consistent properties of a plurality of single plants and have no fragrance, and selecting the single plants with the selected A1F1Crossing sterile individual plants (white thin anther observed by naked eye, and sterile individual plants determined by microscopic examination) in pairs, and configuringHybrid A2F1Planting Individual seed F4Receive F5Single plant seeds;
step 5, in F5In the population, selecting single plants which tend to have good plant types, more tillers, slender grain types and more consistent properties of a plurality of single plants and have no fragrance, and selecting the single plants with the selected A2F1Crossing sterile individual plants (white thin anther observed by naked eye, and identifying the individual plants with classical failure by microscopic examination as sterile individual plants) in pairs to obtain hybrid A3F1Planting Individual seed F5Harvesting the individual seeds F6。
Step 6, in F6In the population, selecting single plants which tend to have good plant types, more tillers, slender grain types and more consistent properties of a plurality of single plants and have no fragrance, and selecting the single plants with the selected A3F1Crossing sterile individual plants (white thin anther observed by naked eye, and identifying the individual plants with classical failure by microscopic examination as sterile individual plants) in pairs to obtain hybrid A4F1Named as high-quality three-line sterile line I2A, planting F6Harvesting the individual seeds F7The maintainer lines I2B, I2A and I2B were not flavorful in taste and smell.
The whole process of breeding the sterile line I2A is basically finished, and the sterile line I2A and the maintainer line I2B are completely stable.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, selecting D-flavor 1B containing flavor type blood source as female parent and gold 23B as male parent to carry out artificial hybridization, and harvesting hybrid seeds;
planting hybrid F1Selecting and breeding a single plant F with excellent plant type, excellent comprehensive character and rice blast resistance through a 2-generation system3；
In 2010, Wenjiang, and selecting F with excellent quality, good resistance, excellent plant type and good comprehensive character3Hybridizing the single plant (male parent) with the gang 46A (female parent) to obtain A1F1Planting Individual plant F3Receive F4Single plant seeds;
ling water in 2010, at F4Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A1F1Sterile individual plant (through)Determination of sterile single plants through visual observation and pollen identification) in pairs, and configuring hybrid A2F1Planting Individual seed F4Receive F5Single plant seeds;
wen Jiang in 2011, in F5Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A2F1Sterile single plants (determined by visual observation and pollen identification) are crossed in pairs to prepare hybrid A3F1Planting Individual seed F5Harvesting the individual seeds F6；
In 2011 Ling water, in F6Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A3F1Sterile single plants (determined by visual observation and pollen identification) are crossed in pairs to prepare hybrid A4F1。
Wenjiang in 2012, hybrid A was planted4F1Named as high-quality three-line sterile line I2A, planting F6Harvesting the individual seeds F7Designated as maintainer I2B.
The high-quality three-line sterile line I2A bred by the method is characterized in that the number of days for beginning sowing in the Wen river of Sichuan is about 65-68 days, the plant height is about 90cm, the main stem has 12 leaves, the plant type is compact, the stem is thin, the tillering force is moderate, 9-11 single plant ears are formed, the sword leaves are upright, the leaf color is deep, the leaf sheath is purple, the ear length is about 18-25 cm, the total grain number per ear is 140-160 grains, the grain is thin and long, the husk tip is purple red, the grain length is 0.8-1.0 cm, the grain width is 0.25-0.30 cm, the length-width ratio is about 3.3-3.5, and the thousand grain weight is about 20-22 g, and the indexes of the three-line sterile line I2A have differences in different areas or different times due to the differences of natural.
I2A, wherein the brown rice rate is 79.5%, the polished rice rate is 70.3%, and the polished rice rate is 55.5%; appearance quality: chalkiness rate 9.6%, rice grain length 7.8mm, length-width ratio 3.4; the cooking quality is that the amylose content is 14%, the gelatinization temperature is 4.0, the consistency of the glue is 91mm, and the nutrition quality is as follows: the protein content was 8.2%.
While the foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood, as noted above, that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A breeding method of I2A of a high-quality three-line sterile line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting D fragrance 1B containing fragrance type blood relationship as a female parent and gold 23B as a male parent to carry out artificial hybridization, and harvesting hybrid seeds;
step 2, planting hybrid F1Selecting and breeding a single plant F with excellent plant type, excellent comprehensive character and rice blast resistance through a 2-generation system3；
Step 3, selecting F with excellent rice quality, good resistance, excellent plant type and good comprehensive character3Hybridizing the single plant with the oka 46A to obtain A1F1Planting Individual plant F3Receive F4Single plant seeds;
step 4, in F4Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A1F1The sterile single plants are crossed in pairs, wherein the sterile single plants are specifically determined by visual observation and pollen identification to prepare hybrid A2F1Planting Individual seed F4Receive F5Single plant seeds;
step 5, in F5Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A2F1The sterile single plants are crossed in pairs, wherein the sterile single plants are specifically determined by visual observation and pollen identification to prepare hybrid A3F1Planting Individual seed F5Harvesting the individual seeds F6；
Step 6, in F6Selecting individual plants with tendency to target characters in the population, and selecting A3F1The sterile individual plants are crossed in pairs, wherein the sterile individual plantsSpecifically, sterile single plants are determined by visual observation and pollen identification, and hybrid A is prepared4F1Namely a high-quality three-line sterile line I2A, planting F6Harvesting the individual seeds F7Namely, the maintainer line I2B, the selected high-quality three-line sterile line I2A and maintainer line I2B have no fragrance;
the single plant with the target character specifically refers to a single plant which has good plant type, more tillers, slender grain shape, more consistent properties of a plurality of single plants and no fragrance;
the determination of the sterile single plant through visual observation and pollen identification specifically comprises the following steps: the white thin anther is observed by naked eyes, and then the single plant with classical failure is determined as the sterile single plant.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1090165A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1994-08-03 | 常德市农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality hybrid rice sterile line gold 23A and maintainer line gold 23B thereof |
| CN1214856A (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 1999-04-28 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | Breeding method of rice sterile line and its heterosis combination |
| CN107410003A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-12-01 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of high head rice rate and the special elongated Three-line rice sterile line breeding method of rice grain |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1090165A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1994-08-03 | 常德市农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality hybrid rice sterile line gold 23A and maintainer line gold 23B thereof |
| CN1214856A (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 1999-04-28 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | Breeding method of rice sterile line and its heterosis combination |
| CN107410003A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-12-01 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of high head rice rate and the special elongated Three-line rice sterile line breeding method of rice grain |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 优质籼型三系不育系川华Ａ的选育与应用;龚桥等;《种子》;20181125;第37卷(第11期);第119页摘要，第120页图1 * |
| 抗稻瘟病优质香稻不育系冈香1A的选育;周明镜等;《杂交水稻》;20130915;第28卷(第5期);第11页第1节 选育经过 * |
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