CN110471460A - Photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system and tracking based on hill-climbing algorithm - Google Patents

Photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system and tracking based on hill-climbing algorithm Download PDF

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CN110471460A
CN110471460A CN201910651187.4A CN201910651187A CN110471460A CN 110471460 A CN110471460 A CN 110471460A CN 201910651187 A CN201910651187 A CN 201910651187A CN 110471460 A CN110471460 A CN 110471460A
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light intensity
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CN110471460B (en
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鲁仁全
朱祖宏
张斌
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Guangdong University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12Control of position or direction using feedback
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system and method based on hill-climbing algorithm, then the energy datum collected using light intensity sensor analyzes the two-dimentional solar azimuth and elevation angle that data accurately obtain solar motion track following mode by hill-climbing algorithm.The accurate tracking to solar azimuth and elevation angle is carried out by the way that hill-climbing algorithm is added under solar motion track following mode, the accumulated error of solar motion track following mode can be preferably eliminated, the tracking accuracy of solar azimuth is provided.Entire sun orientation automatic tracking device is divided into two kinds of operating modes using light intensity sensor simultaneously, can be good at solving influence of the Changes in weather to solar azimuth tracking stability.Relatively complicated photoelectric tracking mode and solar motion track following mode switches and multiplex system simultaneously, simplicity more and practical have saved the loss of electric energy to a certain extent.

Description

Photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system and tracking based on hill-climbing algorithm
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a kind of to be based on climbing the mountain in improving reception sun light efficiency The photovoltaic power generation solar azimuth follow up system and tracking of algorithm.
Background technique
Photovoltaic power generation is the mainstream of current solar power generation.The maximum bottleneck for restricting solar power generation at present is sun benefit It is low with rate, although by the utilization rate for largely improving solar energy to automatic sun tracking, various tracking modes There are certain suitability and limitations.Mainly have in sun orientation automatic tracking method at present: photoelectric tracking mode, the sun The switching and multiplexing of tracing of the movement mode and both modes.Photoelectric tracking mode is a kind of control mode of closed loop, High sensitivity, but be easy to be influenced by weather, cause the malfunction of system;Solar motion track following mode is divided into uniaxiality tracking And double-axis tracking, it is to control tracking transposition by calculating solar motion track to track solar azimuth, belongs to the controlling party of open loop Formula, this mode are protected from weather influences, can make tracking device it is relatively stable track, but its open-loop tracking mode itself is deposited In accumulated error, and itself cannot be eliminated;The switching of photoelectric tracking mode and solar motion track following mode uses, although It solves the problems, such as to be influenced by weather to a certain extent, but the accumulated error of solar motion track following mode cannot be eliminated; The multiplexing of photoelectric tracking mode and solar motion track following mode, while being tracked using two ways, it ensure that tracking Precision and reliability, but also increase the complexity and additional electric energy loss of tracking device simultaneously.
Solar panel automatic tracking system also needs further perfect at present, also has wide Research Prospects And development space.Due to the output characteristics of photovoltaic cell be it is nonlinear, vulnerable to the influence of ambient environmental factors, so that system Tracking accuracy is difficult to improve, and structure is complex, but with the rapid development of modern science and technology, solar energy automatic tracking technology The raising of mechanism simplifying and tracking accuracy will become inevitable development trend.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of photovoltaic power generation solar azimuth follow up system and tracking based on hill-climbing algorithm, with solution It is certainly influenced in photoelectric tracking mode vulnerable to weather and there are problems that accumulated error in solar motion track following mode.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system based on hill-climbing algorithm, comprising:
Light intensity sensor, for acquiring the light intensity data of the sun;
Signal processor obtains intensity signal for handling light intensity data;
Controller judges weather conditions according to the intensity signal to select tracing mode, and controls solar azimuth certainly Motion tracking device drives solar panels to execute corresponding tracking strategy;
Wherein, the judgement weather conditions are to select the tracing mode to include:
Light intensity sensor is carried out to handle to obtain average value Er every the intensity signal acquired in the Tr time;Given threshold Em, As Er > Em, using fine day and cloudy weather mode;As Er≤Em, using rainy weather mode;
The tracking strategy includes:
Strategy 1: fine day and cloudy weather mode
Calculate solar azimuth initial value θ a and solar elevation initial value the θ b of current time, position;Solar azimuth automatically with Track device drives the solar panels of solar photovoltaic generation system to be chased after according to solar azimuth initial value, solar elevation initial value Light;It sets every K hour (1h < K < 3h) and carries out a following procedure to eliminate accumulated error:
Controller control carries out the light intensity letter that ± 5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar azimuth Cease Si, record each intensity signal SiCorresponding solar azimuth θi, then maximum light intensity value S is obtained using hill-climbing algorithmj, Controller controls the corresponding maximum light intensity value S of sun orientation automatic tracking device trackingjSolar azimuth angle;
Controller control carries out the light that ± 2.5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar elevation θ b Strong information Gi, record the corresponding solar elevation θ of each intensity signali';Then maximum light intensity value is obtained using hill-climbing algorithm Sj', controller controls the solar azimuth angle θ i ' of the corresponding maximum light intensity value of sun orientation automatic tracking device tracking.
The hill-climbing algorithm are as follows:
Each intensity signal is regarded as a nodal value, a nodal value is then randomly choosed and is carried out as present node value Judgement: if present node value is greater than all neighbor node values, present node value is returned as largest light intensity value;If Present node value is less than neighbor node value, then replaces present node value using maximum neighbor node value, until present node value Greater than all neighbor node values, to obtain maximum light intensity value;
Strategy 2: rainy weather mode
Sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking, and solar panels keep current location, and light intensity sensor is waited to detect Changes in weather when meeting fine day and cloudy weather, enters back into fine day and cloudy weather mode carries out solar azimuth tracking.
Further, the determination method of the threshold value Em are as follows:
By the local intensity signal being collected into when cloudy of light intensity sensor test, it is averaged Et;Pass through test again The intensity signal that local rainy days is collected into, is averaged En;The value range of threshold value Em is then En < Em < Et;Or:
Value, if current weather is cloudy, light are carried out by the radiant illumination in current weather conditions and local meteorological data The average intensity information that strong sensor collection arrives is C;With reference to meteorological data, average radiation illumination D when reading cloudy is put down when overcast and rainy Equal radiant illumination E;Average intensity information F=E*C/D when can then obtain overcast and rainy.
Further, azimuth or elevation angle corresponding to the largest light intensity value are in the side of deviation ± 5 ° or ± 2.5 ° When edge value, it is understood that there may be current solar azimuth value is deviated;At this point, controller control is at mobile ± 5 ° or ± 2.5 ° of deviation On the basis of mobile ± 1 ° or ± 0.5 ° of deviation again, then carry out hill-climbing algorithm again, acquire sun side corresponding to largest light intensity value Position and elevation angle.
A kind of photovoltaic power generation solar azimuth tracking based on hill-climbing algorithm, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to solar photovoltaic generation system location sun set/raise time, sun orientation automatic tracking device is set Working time;
Step 2, into the light intensity letter for after the working time of sun orientation automatic tracking device, passing through light intensity sensor and collecting Breath, judges weather conditions to select tracing mode;
Light intensity sensor is carried out to handle to obtain average value Er every the intensity signal acquired in the Tr time;Given threshold Em, As Er > Em, using fine day and cloudy weather mode;As Er≤Em, using rainy weather mode;
Step 3, it is directed to different tracing modes, selects corresponding tracking strategy:
Strategy 1: fine day and cloudy weather mode
Calculate solar azimuth initial value θ a and solar elevation initial value the θ b of current time, position;Solar azimuth automatically with Track device drives the solar panels of solar photovoltaic generation system to be chased after according to solar azimuth initial value, solar elevation initial value Light;It sets every K hour (1h < K < 3h) and carries out a following procedure to eliminate accumulated error:
Controller control carries out the light intensity letter that ± 5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar azimuth Cease Si, record each intensity signal SiCorresponding solar azimuth θi, then maximum light intensity value S is obtained using hill-climbing algorithmj, Controller controls the corresponding maximum light intensity value S of sun orientation automatic tracking device trackingjSolar azimuth angle;
Controller control carries out the light that ± 2.5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar elevation θ b Strong information Gi, record the corresponding solar elevation θ of each intensity signali';Then maximum light intensity value is obtained using hill-climbing algorithm Sj', controller controls the solar azimuth angle θ i ' of the corresponding maximum light intensity value of sun orientation automatic tracking device tracking.
The hill-climbing algorithm are as follows:
Each intensity signal is regarded as a nodal value, a nodal value is then randomly choosed and is carried out as present node value Judgement: if present node value is greater than all neighbor node values, present node value is returned as largest light intensity value;If Present node value is less than neighbor node value, then replaces present node value using maximum neighbor node value, until present node value Greater than all neighbor node values, to obtain maximum light intensity value;
Strategy 2: rainy weather mode
Sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking, and solar panels keep current location, and light intensity sensor is waited to detect Changes in weather when meeting fine day and cloudy weather, enters back into fine day and cloudy weather mode carries out solar azimuth tracking;
Step 4, tracking terminates, and resets
When the working time range for exceeding sun orientation automatic tracking device, sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking at this time And reset, return to the position of the same day at sunrise.
The present invention has following technical characterstic:
1. the present invention, by the accurate solar azimuth of hill-climbing algorithm and elevation angle, disappears under solar motion track following mode Except the accumulated error in solar motion track following mode realizes solar energy automatic tracking while improving tracking accuracy The mechanism simplifying demand of technology, it is high-efficient good with practicability to have the advantages that.
2. entire sun orientation automatic tracking device is divided into two kinds of operating modes using light intensity sensor by the present invention, can Influence of the very good solution Changes in weather to solar azimuth tracking stability.Simultaneously relatively complicated photoelectric tracking mode and Solar motion track following mode switches and multiplex system, more simplicity and it is practical, saved electric energy to a certain extent Loss.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of present system;
Fig. 2 is solar azimuth and the mobile figure of height angular displacement in present system;
Fig. 3 is the trace flow figure of present system.
Specific embodiment
The photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system based on hill-climbing algorithm that the present invention provides a kind of, the system include:
Light intensity sensor, for acquiring the light intensity data of the sun;
Signal processor obtains intensity signal for handling light intensity data;
Controller judges weather conditions according to the intensity signal to select tracing mode, and controls solar azimuth certainly Motion tracking device drives solar panels to execute corresponding tracking strategy.
Wherein, light intensity sensor model TSL2561 in the present embodiment, signal processor and controller use high-performance Digital signal processor TMS320LF2407A.
Solar azimuth refers to projection of the sunray on ground level and local meridianal angle, can approximatively regard as It is the angle for the shade and Due South erect straight line on the ground in the sun.Azimuth is zero with due south direction, by south orientation North east is negative, and is northwards positive by south orientation west, and if the sun is in positive east, azimuth is -90 °, in positive north-east, orientation is - 135 °, at positive west, azimuth is 90 °, is ± 180 at the positive north.Solar elevation refers to from solar core direct projection to working as The angle (or observation point to the angle between the line and ground of the sun) of the light on ground and local level, value is arrived at 0 ° Change between 90 °, when sunrise sunset is zero, and the sun is 90 ° on positive zenith.
In solar motion track following mode, solar azimuth calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, A is solar azimuth,For geographic latitude, δ is solar declination.
In solar motion track following mode, solar azimuth calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, h ⊙ is solar elevation,For geographic latitude;δ is solar declination;ω is hour angle.
Tracing mode is divided into fine day and cloudy weather mode, yin by the intensity signal collected by light intensity sensor of the present invention Rain synoptic model.Solar motion track following mode and hill-climbing algorithm, rainy weather mould are used in fine day and cloudy weather mode Formula then stops tracking the running of transposition.While solving Changes in weather and environmental disturbances, improves tracking accuracy and save electric energy Loss.Specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, according to solar photovoltaic generation system location sun set/raise time, sun orientation automatic tracking device is set Working time, sun set/raise time can obtain and (also manually set on the controller) according to existing astronomical computing technique; The working time corresponds to sun set/raise time, such as may be configured as at early 7 points to 6 points of evening.
Step 2, into the light intensity letter for after the working time of sun orientation automatic tracking device, passing through light intensity sensor and collecting Breath, judges weather conditions to select tracing mode;
Light intensity sensor collects an intensity signal every Tr time (10s < Tr < 60s), the light intensity collected in the Tr time Information carries out handling to obtain average value Er;Given threshold Em, as Er > Em, using fine day and cloudy weather mode;As Er≤Em When, using rainy weather mode.
Threshold value Em can pass through the locality intensity signal critical value that light intensity sensor detects when cloudy and overcast and rainy.The threshold value Detailed process is set to be averaged Et by the local intensity signal being collected into when cloudy of light intensity sensor test;Lead to again The intensity signal tested and be collected into local rainy days is crossed, En is averaged;The value range of threshold value Em is then En < Em < Et.When not When convenient for test, value can be carried out by the radiant illumination in current weather conditions and local meteorological data, if current weather is more Cloud, the average intensity information that light intensity sensor is collected into are C;With reference to meteorological data, average radiation illumination D when reading cloudy, yin Average radiation illumination E when rain;Average intensity information F=E*C/D when can then obtain overcast and rainy.
Step 3, it is directed to different tracing modes, selects corresponding tracking strategy:
Strategy 1: fine day and cloudy weather mode
It is high that current time, the solar azimuth initial value θ a of position and the sun are obtained by solar elevation and orientation angle formula Spend angle initial value θ b;Sun orientation automatic tracking device drives photovoltaic according to solar azimuth initial value, solar elevation initial value The solar panels of electricity generation system are followed spot;
According to the definition of solar azimuth and elevation angle, hill-climbing algorithm processing is carried out;Set every K hour (1h < K < 3h) It carries out a hill-climbing algorithm and eliminates accumulated error, specific algorithm are as follows: start to carry out hill-climbing algorithm, controller first controls sun side Position autotracking unit carries out the intensity signal S that ± 5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar azimuthi, i =10,11 ... ..., k;Record each intensity signal SiCorresponding solar azimuth θi, each intensity signal is regarded as a node Then value randomly chooses a nodal value and is judged as present node value: if present node value is greater than all neighbours Nodal value, then returning to present node value as largest light intensity value;If present node value is less than neighbor node value, using most Big neighbor node value replaces present node value, until present node value is greater than all neighbor node values, to obtain maximum Light intensity value Sj;To prevent data from deviation occur, random reboot hill-climbing algorithm maximum light intensity value need to be taken again;It is maximum when obtaining Light intensity value Sj, the corresponding maximum light intensity value S of controller control sun orientation automatic tracking device trackingjSolar azimuth angle.
Likewise, controller control carries out ± 2.5 ° of deviations movements to current solar elevation θ b, light intensity sensor is collected The intensity signal Gi, i=10,11 ... ... of feedback, k record the corresponding solar elevation θ i ' of each intensity signal;Every number According to a nodal value is regarded as, then randomly chooses a nodal value and judged as present node value: if present node value Greater than all neighbor node values, then returning to present node value as largest light intensity value;If present node value is less than neighbours Nodal value then replaces present node value using maximum neighbor node value, until present node value is greater than all neighbor node values, To obtain maximum light intensity value Sj';To prevent data from deviation occur, random reboot hill-climbing algorithm maximum light intensity need to be taken again Value Sj'.When obtaining maximum light intensity value Sj', controller controls the corresponding maximum light intensity value of sun orientation automatic tracking device tracking Solar azimuth angle θ i '.
In addition, when there are azimuths corresponding to largest light intensity value or elevation angle to be in deviation ± 5 ° (or ± 2.5 °) When marginal value (± 5 °), it is possible to which there are current solar azimuth values to be deviated.At this point, controller control is ± 5 ° mobile in deviation Deviation moves ± 1 ° (or ± 0.5 °) again on the basis of (either ± 2.5 °), then carries out a hill-climbing algorithm again, acquires most Solar azimuth and elevation angle corresponding to big light intensity value.
Strategy 2: rainy weather mode
Sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking, and solar panels keep current location, and light intensity sensor is waited to detect Changes in weather when meeting fine day and cloudy weather, enters back into fine day and cloudy weather mode carries out solar azimuth tracking.
Step 4, tracking terminates, and resets
When post sunset (sunset time can be calculated according to existing astronomical technology and also manually set on the controller), Working time range beyond sun orientation automatic tracking device, sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking and resetting at this time, returns To the position of the same day at sunrise.
In conclusion the present invention is carried out by the way that hill-climbing algorithm is added under solar motion track following mode to solar azimuth The accurate tracking at angle and elevation angle can preferably eliminate the accumulated error of solar motion track following mode, provide sun side The tracking accuracy of position.Entire sun orientation automatic tracking device is divided into two kinds of operating modes, energy using light intensity sensor simultaneously Enough influence of the very good solution Changes in weather to solar azimuth tracking stability.Photoelectric tracking mode relatively complicated simultaneously Switch with solar motion track following mode and multiplex system, simplicity more and practical has saved electricity to a certain extent The loss of energy.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system based on hill-climbing algorithm characterized by comprising
Light intensity sensor, for acquiring the light intensity data of the sun;
Signal processor obtains intensity signal for handling light intensity data;
Controller judges weather conditions according to the intensity signal to select tracing mode, and control solar azimuth automatically with Track device drives solar panels to execute corresponding tracking strategy;
Wherein, the judgement weather conditions are to select the tracing mode to include:
Light intensity sensor is carried out to handle to obtain average value Er every the intensity signal acquired in the Tr time;Given threshold Em, work as Er > When Em, using fine day and cloudy weather mode;As Er≤Em, using rainy weather mode;
The tracking strategy includes:
Strategy 1: fine day and cloudy weather mode
Calculate solar azimuth initial value θ a and solar elevation initial value the θ b of current time, position;Sun orientation automatic tracking device The solar panels of solar photovoltaic generation system are driven to follow spot according to solar azimuth initial value, solar elevation initial value;If Fixed every K hour (1h < K < 3h) carries out a following procedure to eliminate accumulated error:
Controller control carries out the intensity signal S that ± 5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar azimuthi, Record each intensity signal SiCorresponding solar azimuth θi, then maximum light intensity value S is obtained using hill-climbing algorithmj, controller Control the corresponding maximum light intensity value S of sun orientation automatic tracking device trackingjSolar azimuth angle;
Controller control carries out the light intensity letter that ± 2.5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar elevation θ b Cease Gi, record the corresponding solar elevation θ of each intensity signali';Then maximum light intensity value S is obtained using hill-climbing algorithmj', Controller controls the solar azimuth angle θ i ' of the corresponding maximum light intensity value of sun orientation automatic tracking device tracking.
The hill-climbing algorithm are as follows:
Each intensity signal is regarded as a nodal value, a nodal value is then randomly choosed and is sentenced as present node value It is disconnected: if present node value is greater than all neighbor node values, to return to present node value as largest light intensity value;If worked as Prosthomere point value is less than neighbor node value, then replaces present node value using maximum neighbor node value, until present node value is big In all neighbor node values, to obtain maximum light intensity value;
Strategy 2: rainy weather mode
Sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking, and solar panels keep current location, and light intensity sensor is waited to detect weather Variation when meeting fine day and cloudy weather, enters back into fine day and cloudy weather mode carries out solar azimuth tracking.
2. the photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system based on hill-climbing algorithm as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described Threshold value Em determination method are as follows:
By the local intensity signal being collected into when cloudy of light intensity sensor test, it is averaged Et;It is local by test again The intensity signal being collected into rainy days, is averaged En;The value range of threshold value Em is then En < Em < Et;Or:
Value is carried out by the radiant illumination in current weather conditions and local meteorological data, if current weather is cloudy, light intensity is passed The average intensity information that sensor is collected into is C;With reference to meteorological data, average radiation illumination D when reading cloudy, average spoke when overcast and rainy Penetrate illumination E;Average intensity information F=E*C/D when can then obtain overcast and rainy.
3. the photovoltaic power generation sun azimuth tracking system based on hill-climbing algorithm as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when most When azimuth corresponding to big light intensity value or elevation angle are in deviation ± 5 ° or ± 2.5 ° of marginal value, it is understood that there may be currently too Positive orientation values are deviated;At this point, deviation is ± 1 ° mobile again on the basis of deviation is ± 5 ° or ± 2.5 ° mobile for controller control Or ± 0.5 °, hill-climbing algorithm is then carried out again, acquires solar azimuth corresponding to largest light intensity value and elevation angle.
4. a kind of photovoltaic power generation solar azimuth tracking based on hill-climbing algorithm, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, according to solar photovoltaic generation system location sun set/raise time, the work of sun orientation automatic tracking device is set Make the time;
Step 2, into after the working time of sun orientation automatic tracking device, the intensity signal collected by light intensity sensor is sentenced Weather conditions break to select tracing mode;
Light intensity sensor is carried out to handle to obtain average value Er every the intensity signal acquired in the Tr time;Given threshold Em, work as Er > When Em, using fine day and cloudy weather mode;As Er≤Em, using rainy weather mode;
Step 3, it is directed to different tracing modes, selects corresponding tracking strategy:
Strategy 1: fine day and cloudy weather mode
Calculate solar azimuth initial value θ a and solar elevation initial value the θ b of current time, position;Sun orientation automatic tracking device The solar panels of solar photovoltaic generation system are driven to follow spot according to solar azimuth initial value, solar elevation initial value;If Fixed every K hour (1h < K < 3h) carries out a following procedure to eliminate accumulated error:
Controller control carries out the intensity signal S that ± 5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar azimuthi, Record each intensity signal SiCorresponding solar azimuth θi, then maximum light intensity value S is obtained using hill-climbing algorithmj, controller Control the corresponding maximum light intensity value S of sun orientation automatic tracking device trackingjSolar azimuth angle;
Controller control carries out the light intensity letter that ± 2.5 ° of deviations are mobile, and collection light intensity sensor is fed back to current solar elevation θ b Cease Gi, record the corresponding solar elevation θ of each intensity signali';Then maximum light intensity value S is obtained using hill-climbing algorithmj', Controller controls the solar azimuth angle θ i ' of the corresponding maximum light intensity value of sun orientation automatic tracking device tracking.
The hill-climbing algorithm are as follows:
Each intensity signal is regarded as a nodal value, a nodal value is then randomly choosed and is sentenced as present node value It is disconnected: if present node value is greater than all neighbor node values, to return to present node value as largest light intensity value;If worked as Prosthomere point value is less than neighbor node value, then replaces present node value using maximum neighbor node value, until present node value is big In all neighbor node values, to obtain maximum light intensity value;
Strategy 2: rainy weather mode
Sun orientation automatic tracking device stops tracking, and solar panels keep current location, and light intensity sensor is waited to detect weather Variation when meeting fine day and cloudy weather, enters back into fine day and cloudy weather mode carries out solar azimuth tracking;
Step 4, tracking terminates, and resets
When the working time range for exceeding sun orientation automatic tracking device, the tracking of sun orientation automatic tracking device stopping at this time is simultaneously multiple Position.
CN201910651187.4A 2019-07-18 2019-07-18 Photovoltaic power generation sun direction tracking system and tracking method based on hill climbing algorithm Expired - Fee Related CN110471460B (en)

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