CN110452054A - A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of a kind of alkaline land improving and preparation method thereof, the MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates successively include sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable clad from inside to outside, the sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 15~22 parts of inorganic fertilizers, 1~4 part of mineral powders, 25~40 parts of organic fertilizers, 1~5 part of trace-element fertilizer；First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 25~35 parts of nanometer humus, 5~13 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 8~15 parts of cow dungs, 10~20 parts of broomcorn straws, 1~2 part of Sodium Polyacrylate；Second slow release layer is chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.It is good that MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates produced by the present invention are used for effect when alkaline land improving, and improves the fertility of alkaline land soil to a certain extent, and preparation method is simple, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil remediation fields, and in particular to a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Weifang City's coastal region is oceanfront of the Weifang City the north along Laizhou Bay of Bohai Sea, is alluvial plain of Huanghe, shale
Seashore, topography is low flat, and soil types is mainly saline moist soil, and coastal waters is wet moisture soil.Tide, drought, flood, alkali, hail natural calamity
Seriously, ecological environment is very fragile.Therefore, coastal region salt-soda soil is improved, to local rural economic development and life
State environmental protection has great importance.The difficulty improved at present for coastal region salt-soda soil essentially consists in: first is that soil
The salt-soda soil salinity of earth is big, is unfavorable for developing and using；Second is that alkaline land improving technology cycle is long at present, brought to alkaline land improving
Difficulty.
It will be from the physicochemical property and maximum journey for controlling the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, improveing alkaline land soil when at present for alkaline land improving
The target that degree reduces soil salt content is set out.The main method of alkaline land improving mainly includes the following aspects: first is that physics
Method, this method is mainly the rectification to salt-soda soil soil layer, for example is leveled land, and is deep ploughed etc. to soil.Second is that engineering side
Method, this method are to set separation layer and drainage pipe salt discharge in soil lower part, are advised according to the moisture-salt transport of " salt goes come, salt with water with water "
Rule, salinity extra in alkaline land soil is drained with water.Third is that chemical modifying method, this method is by increasing in salt-soda soil
Chemical modifying substance, such as gypsum, ardealite, chemical substance containing acid etc. are applied, the saline and alkaline of soil, another party on the one hand can be reduced
Face can also replace the salt alkaloid substance in soil.Fourth is that biological modification method, this method can also be applied largely into salt-soda soil
Organic matter, such as sawdust, humic acid, bark.Fifth is that the screening of saline alkali tolerant plant, this method is mainly by salt-soda soil
The preferable plant of salt tolerance is planted to improve the yield of crop in salt-soda soil.Since chemical modifying method changes in above-mentioned modification method
Good effect is obvious, project amount is small, easily operated, is widely used.But what is used in chemical modifying method at present changes
Good dose of fertilizer efficiency difference, utilization rate are lower, influence improved effect.
Summary of the invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, providing a kind of saline and alkaline
Improve dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates in ground.When MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates provided by the invention are used for alkaline land improving, energy
It is effectively improved the physicochemical property of alkaline land soil, improves the gas permeability of alkaline land soil, convenient for the elution of salinity, and the multilayer
Compound fertilizer granule can also effectively improve the nutrient in alkaline land soil, promote the normal growth of alkaline land soil crop.This hair
The MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates utilization rate of bright offer is high, and fertilizer efficiency is big.
The invention solves second technical problem be: in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of alkaline land improving
The preparation method of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates, this method is easy to operate, and preparation cost is low, MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertilizer obtained
Particle storage stability is good, when being used for alkaline land improving, can not only reduce the content of salinity in alkaline land soil, moreover it is possible to improve salt
Alkali soil fertility.
In order to solve the first technical problem mentioned above, the technical scheme is that
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, from inside to outside successively include sandwich layer, the first slow release layer,
Soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 15~22 parts of inorganic fertilizers, 1~4
Part mineral powders, 25~40 parts of organic fertilizers, 1~5 part of trace-element fertilizer；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 25~35 parts of nanometer humus, 5~13 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 8~
15 parts of cow dungs, 10~20 parts of broomcorn straws, 1~2 part of Sodium Polyacrylate；
Second slow release layer is chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, can drop
The mass ratio for solving clad is (20~30): (3~5): (17~22): 4:3.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the inorganic fertilizer is calcium phosphate, in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, urea
One or more mixing.
As an improvement technical solution, the mineral powders be vermiculite powder, kaolin powder, sepiolite powder
One of or a variety of mixing.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the organic fertilizer is rape cake, cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake mixing addition mass concentration
For 5% bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor fermentation be made, the rape cake, cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake mass ratio be 2:1:1.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the trace-element fertilizer be one of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid or
A variety of mixing.
As an improvement technical solution, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer is Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria
Mixture, mass ratio are 7:(10~15): 3:3.
To solve above-mentioned second technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, comprising the following steps:
(1) humus powder is added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters classification with air-flow
Area is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 100nm~200nm；
(2) chitosan is dissolved in the acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 2% and prepares the chitosan that mass concentration is 5~10%
Acetic acid solution；The bentonite dispersion liquid for being 5% by bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding processing preparation mass concentration；With quality
Part meter, 3~6 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 1~3 part of bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, 80~90 DEG C
5~7h of lower reaction, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, reaction product is filtered, and adopts dry after being washed with deionized, obtained shell
The bentonite clay material of glycan modification；
(3) chitosan is dissolved in the acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 2% and prepares the chitosan acetic acid that mass concentration is 5%
Solution；Gelatin is dissolved in 38~42 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 3~5% is made；With parts by weight
Meter, after mixing by 10 parts of chitosan acetic acid solutions and 4-7 part gelatin solutions, it is 2% that 0.8~1.5 part of mass concentration, which is added,
Glutaraldehyde solution；It is stirred to react 100~130min at 50~60 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, filters, will filter
It is dry after obtained sediment washing, chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is made；
(4) by inorganic fertilizer, mineral powders, organic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer mixed grinding it is uniform after be added to roller and make
It is granulated in grain machine, sandwich layer is made；Chitosan-modified bentonite material obtained above is continuously added into roller pelletizer
Material, mixing granulation are uniformly wrapped on core layer surface, form the first slow release layer；Into roller pelletizer be added nanometer humus,
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate mixture, be coated on the first sustained release layer surface, form soil and repair
Cladding；Continue that chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is added into roller pelletizer, carries out mixing granulation, be coated on soil and repair
Clad surface forms the second slow release layer；Calcium alginate material is finally added into roller pelletizer, carries out mixing granulation, packet
It is overlying on the second sustained release layer surface, forms degradable clad to get MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates.
As an improvement technical solution, in step (1), the humus is present in the surface of coal, rotten for biology
Compound, the content of organic matter and moisture content are all larger than 85wt%.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, in step (2), the bentonite is calcium-base bentonite, particle size 3
~8 μm.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving provided by the invention, successively include sandwich layer, the first slow release layer,
Soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable clad；The sandwich layer includes inorganic fertilizer, mineral powders, organic fertilizer, micro
Element fertilizer；First slow release layer be chitosan-modified bentonite clay material, the soil remediation layer include nanometer humus,
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate；Second slow release layer is chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；Institute
Stating degradable clad is calcium alginate material；When the MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates are used for alkaline land improving, calcium alginate material
Material dissolves under the action of moisture in alkaline land soil as clad, so that chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel
It is contacted with alkaline land soil, there is a large amount of-COO- ,-NH2Isoreactivity group, adsorption capacity is strong, can be effectively improved
The water retention property of soil；And chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel has porous three-dimensional reticular structure, and soil is repaired under its effect
Plied timber will be slow release, act on alkaline land soil；After soil remediation；Sandwich layer can delay under the action of the first slow release layer
On The Drug Release supplements the nutrient of alkaline land soil.
First sustained release layer material is poly- using shell in the dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving provided by the invention
Sugar-modified bentonite clay material；Bentonite has stronger hygroscopicity and dilatancy, and chitosan molecule enters bentonitic interlayer,
Realization is stablized compound；Chitosan-modified bentonite clay material obtained with chitosan and bentonitic feature, can with it is saline and alkaline
Sodium ion in ground soil swaps, and can effectively improve the retain water and nutrients ability of alkaline land soil.MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertilizer of the present invention
Soil remediation layer in material particle joined a nanometer humus, and humus derives from coal mine upper layer, traditional for biological septage
Method is to extract humic acid using alkali soluble from humus or further prepare humic acid water-soluble organic fertilizer, reduces humus
Utilization rate；Humus is directly added in super fine machine and handle obtained nanometer humus by the present invention, improves humic
The utilization rate of matter；And the humus activity of nanosizing is higher, with better gelling ability and adsorption capacity, and then can be more preferable
Improvement alkaline land soil physicochemical property.Vermiculite powder, kaolin powder and sea is added in the present invention also in core material
The gas permeability of alkaline land soil not only can be improved in afrodite powder, can also improve the nutrient of alkaline land soil.The present invention is made
MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates for the granule of alkaline land soil can be effectively increased when improveing salt-soda soil, reduce soil moisture
It is lost, improves the gas permeability of alkaline land soil, be more convenient the elution of salinity in alkaline land soil, also improve to a certain extent
Nutrient content in alkaline land soil.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further explained.It should be understood that these embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention without
For limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, including sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer,
Second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable cladding
The mass ratio of layer is 20:3:17:4:3；
The sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 15 parts of calcium phosphate, 1 part of vermiculite powder, 25 parts of rape cakes, cottonseed cake,
The mixing cake fertilizer of soya-bean cake, 1 part of zinc sulfate；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 25 parts of nanometer humus, 5 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 8 parts of cow dungs, 10
Part broomcorn straw, 1 part of Sodium Polyacrylate；The microbial-bacterial fertilizer is the mixing of Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria,
Mass ratio is 7:10:3:3；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；Second slow release layer is that chitosan/gelatin is multiple
Heshui gel；The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
Embodiment 2
In terms of the parts by weight of embodiment 1:
(1) humus powder is added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters classification with air-flow
Area is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 100nm；
(2) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 5% is prepared in acetic acid solution；At calcium-base bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding
The calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid that reason preparation mass concentration is 5%；In terms of mass parts, by 3 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 1 part
Calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, and 5h is reacted at 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, and reaction is produced
Object filtering adopts drying after being washed with deionized, chitosan-modified calcium-base bentonite material is made；
(3) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 5% is prepared in acetic acid solution；By gelatin (biological grade, the close europeanized examination of Tianjin section
Agent Co., Ltd) it is dissolved in 38 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 3% is made；In parts by weight, by 10 parts
After mixing, the glutaraldehyde solution that 0.8 part of mass concentration is 2% is added in chitosan acetic acid solution and 4 parts of gelatin solutions；50
It is stirred to react 100min at DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, filters, by dry, system after the sediment being obtained by filtration washing
Obtain chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
(4) by the mixing cake fertilizer of calcium phosphate, vermiculite powder, rape cake and cottonseed cake and soya-bean cake, zinc sulfate mixed grinding
It is added in roller pelletizer and is granulated after uniformly, sandwich layer is made；Shell obtained above is continuously added into roller pelletizer
The bentonite clay material of glycan modification, mixing granulation are uniformly wrapped on core layer surface, form the first slow release layer；It is granulated to roller
The mixture of nanometer humus, microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate is added in machine, it is slow to be coated on first
Layer surface is released, soil remediation layer is formed；Continue that chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is added into roller pelletizer, is mixed
It is granulated, is coated on soil remediation layer surface, form the second slow release layer；Calcium alginate material is finally added into roller pelletizer
Material carries out mixing granulation, is coated on the second sustained release layer surface, forms degradable clad to get MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates.
Embodiment 3
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, including sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer,
Second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable cladding
The mass ratio of layer is 30:5:22:4:3；
The sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 22 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphates, 4 parts of kaolin powders, 40 parts of rape cakes with
The mixing cake fertilizer of cottonseed cake and soya-bean cake, 5 parts of manganese sulfates；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 35 parts of nanometer humus, 13 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 15 parts of cow dungs,
20 parts of broomcorn straws, 2 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates；The microbial-bacterial fertilizer is the mixing of Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria,
Its mass ratio is 7:15:3:3；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；Second slow release layer is that chitosan/gelatin is multiple
Heshui gel；The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
Embodiment 4
In terms of the parts by weight of embodiment 3:
(1) humus powder is added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters classification with air-flow
Area is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 200nm；
(2) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 10% is prepared in acetic acid solution；At calcium-base bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding
The calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid that reason preparation mass concentration is 5%；In terms of mass parts, by 6 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 3 parts
Calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, and 7h is reacted at 90 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, and reaction is produced
Object filtering adopts drying after being washed with deionized, chitosan-modified calcium-base bentonite material is made；
(3) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 5% is prepared in acetic acid solution；By gelatin (biological grade, the close europeanized examination of Tianjin section
Agent Co., Ltd) it is dissolved in 40 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 4% is made；In parts by weight, by 10 parts
After mixing, the glutaraldehyde solution that 1.5 parts of mass concentrations are 2% is added in chitosan acetic acid solution and 7 parts of gelatin solutions；60
It is stirred to react 130min at DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, filters, by dry, system after the sediment being obtained by filtration washing
Obtain chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
(4) mixing cake fertilizer, the manganese sulfate of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, kaolin powder, rape cake and cottonseed cake and soya-bean cake are mixed
It closes to be added in roller pelletizer after grinding uniformly and be granulated, sandwich layer is made；Above-mentioned system is continuously added into roller pelletizer
The chitosan-modified bentonite clay material obtained, mixing granulation are uniformly wrapped on core layer surface, form the first slow release layer；To rolling
The mixture of nanometer humus, microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate is added in cylinder pelletizer, is coated on
First sustained release layer surface, forms soil remediation layer；Continue that chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is added into roller pelletizer, into
Row mixing granulation is coated on soil remediation layer surface, forms the second slow release layer；Alginic acid is finally added into roller pelletizer
Calcium material carries out mixing granulation, is coated on the second sustained release layer surface, forms degradable clad to get MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertilizer
Particle.
Embodiment 5
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, including sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer,
Second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable cladding
The mass ratio of layer is 23:3.5:18:4:3；
The sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 16 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of sepiolite powder, 28 parts of rape cakes, cottonseeds
Cake, the mixing cake fertilizer of soya-bean cake, 2 parts of boric acid；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 27 parts of nanometer humus, 8 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 10 parts of cow dungs, 12
Part broomcorn straw, 1.2 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates；The microbial-bacterial fertilizer is the mixing of Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria,
Its mass ratio is 7:11:3:3；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；Second slow release layer is that chitosan/gelatin is multiple
Heshui gel；The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
Embodiment 6
In terms of the parts by weight of embodiment 5:
(1) humus powder is added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters classification with air-flow
Area is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 100nm；
(2) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 6% is prepared in acetic acid solution；At calcium-base bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding
The calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid that reason preparation mass concentration is 5%；In terms of mass parts, by 4 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 1.5
Part calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, and 5.5h is reacted at 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, will be anti-
It answers product to filter, adopts drying after being washed with deionized, chitosan-modified calcium-base bentonite material is made；
(3) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 5% is prepared in acetic acid solution；By gelatin (biological grade, the close europeanized examination of Tianjin section
Agent Co., Ltd) it is dissolved in 42 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 5% is made；In parts by weight, by 10 parts
After mixing, the glutaraldehyde solution that 1 part of mass concentration is 2% is added in chitosan acetic acid solution and 5 parts of gelatin solutions；At 60 DEG C
Under be stirred to react 110min, be cooled to room temperature, filter after reaction, will be dry after the sediment being obtained by filtration washing, be made
Chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
(4) by the mixing cake fertilizer of potassium nitrate, sepiolite powder, rape cake and cottonseed cake and soya-bean cake, boric acid mixed grinding
It is added in roller pelletizer and is granulated after uniformly, sandwich layer is made；Shell obtained above is continuously added into roller pelletizer
The bentonite clay material of glycan modification, mixing granulation are uniformly wrapped on core layer surface, form the first slow release layer；It is granulated to roller
The mixture of nanometer humus, microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate is added in machine, it is slow to be coated on first
Layer surface is released, soil remediation layer is formed；Continue that chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is added into roller pelletizer, is mixed
It is granulated, is coated on soil remediation layer surface, form the second slow release layer；Calcium alginate material is finally added into roller pelletizer
Material carries out mixing granulation, is coated on the second sustained release layer surface, forms degradable clad to get MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates.
Embodiment 7
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, including sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer,
Second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable cladding
The mass ratio of layer is 28:4:20:4:3；
The sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 20 parts of urea, 1 part of vermiculite powder, 1 part of kaolin powder, 30 portions of dishes
Seedcake, cottonseed cake, the mixing cake fertilizer of soya-bean cake, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 1 part of manganese sulfate；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 29 parts of nanometer humus, 10 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 12 parts of cow dungs,
15 parts of broomcorn straws, 1.5 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates；The microbial-bacterial fertilizer be Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria it is mixed
It closes, mass ratio 7:12:3:3；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；Second slow release layer is that chitosan/gelatin is multiple
Heshui gel；The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
Embodiment 8
In terms of the parts by weight of embodiment 7:
(1) humus powder is added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters classification with air-flow
Area is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 200nm；
(2) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 7% is prepared in acetic acid solution；At calcium-base bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding
The calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid that reason preparation mass concentration is 5%；In terms of mass parts, by 5 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 2 parts
Calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, and 6h is reacted at 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, and reaction is produced
Object filtering adopts drying after being washed with deionized, chitosan-modified calcium-base bentonite material is made；
(3) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 5% is prepared in acetic acid solution；By gelatin (biological grade, the close europeanized examination of Tianjin section
Agent Co., Ltd) it is dissolved in 40 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 4% is made；In parts by weight, by 10 parts
After mixing, the glutaraldehyde solution that 1 part of mass concentration is 2% is added in chitosan acetic acid solution and 5.5 parts of gelatin solutions；60
It is stirred to react 110min at DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, filters, by dry, system after the sediment being obtained by filtration washing
Obtain chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
(4) by urea, vermiculite powder, kaolin powder, rape cake and cottonseed cake and mixing cake fertilizer, the sulfuric acid of soya-bean cake
It is added in roller pelletizer and is granulated after zinc, manganese sulfate mixed grinding are uniform, sandwich layer is made；Continue into roller pelletizer
Chitosan-modified bentonite clay material obtained above is added, mixing granulation is uniformly wrapped on core layer surface, and it is slow to form first
Release layer；The mixing of nanometer humus, microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate is added into roller pelletizer
Object is coated on the first sustained release layer surface, forms soil remediation layer；It is multiple to continue addition chitosan/gelatin into roller pelletizer
Heshui gel carries out mixing granulation, is coated on soil remediation layer surface, forms the second slow release layer；Finally to roller pelletizer
Middle addition calcium alginate material, carry out mixing granulation, be coated on the second sustained release layer surface, formed degradable clad to get
MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates.
Embodiment 9
A kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, including sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer,
Second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable cladding
The mass ratio of layer is 30:3:21:4:3；
The sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 8 parts of calcium phosphate, 8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphates, 2 parts of vermiculite powder, 2 parts of seas
Afrodite powder, 35 parts of rape cakes, cottonseed cake, the mixing cake fertilizer of soya-bean cake, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of boric acid；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 33 parts of nanometer humus, 12 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 14 parts of cow dungs,
15 parts of broomcorn straws, 1.8 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates；The microbial-bacterial fertilizer be Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria it is mixed
It closes, mass ratio 7:14:3:3；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；Second slow release layer is that chitosan/gelatin is multiple
Heshui gel；The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
Embodiment 10
In terms of the parts by weight of embodiment 9:
(1) humus powder is added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters classification with air-flow
Area is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 150nm；
(2) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 9% is prepared in acetic acid solution；At calcium-base bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding
The calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid that reason preparation mass concentration is 5%；In terms of mass parts, by 5 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 3 parts
Calcium-base bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, and 6.5h is reacted at 90 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, will be reacted
Product filtering adopts drying after being washed with deionized, chitosan-modified calcium-base bentonite material is made；
(3) chitosan (deacetylation 95%, Shandong aokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is dissolved in mass concentration is 2%
The chitosan acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 5% is prepared in acetic acid solution；By gelatin (biological grade, the close europeanized examination of Tianjin section
Agent Co., Ltd) it is dissolved in 40 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 4% is made；In parts by weight, by 10 parts
After mixing, the glutaraldehyde solution that 1.5 parts of mass concentrations are 2% is added in chitosan acetic acid solution and 6 parts of gelatin solutions；60
It is stirred to react 120min at DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, filters, by dry, system after the sediment being obtained by filtration washing
Obtain chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
(4) by the mixed of calcium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, vermiculite powder, sepiolite powder, rape cake and cottonseed cake and soya-bean cake
It is added in roller pelletizer and is granulated after conjunction cake fertilizer, zinc sulfate, boric acid mixed grinding are uniform, sandwich layer is made；It is made to roller
Chitosan-modified bentonite clay material obtained above is continuously added in grain machine, mixing granulation is uniformly wrapped on core layer surface,
Form the first slow release layer；Nanometer humus, microbial-bacterial fertilizer, cow dung, broomcorn straw, polyacrylic acid are added into roller pelletizer
The mixture of sodium is coated on the first sustained release layer surface, forms soil remediation layer；It is poly- to continue the addition shell into roller pelletizer
Sugar/gelatin-compounded hydrogel, carries out mixing granulation, is coated on soil remediation layer surface, forms the second slow release layer；Finally to rolling
Calcium alginate material is added in cylinder pelletizer, carries out mixing granulation, is coated on the second sustained release layer surface, forms degradable cladding
Layer is to get MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates.
Comparative example 1
Humus in soil remediation layer is handled without super fine machine, partial size 0.35mm, other conditions and
Embodiment 5 is identical.
Choose the 500m of Weifang Qingzhou City2Salt-soda soil rice region is 8.5 as Breeding objectives, the pH value of Breeding objectives soil,
The content of organic matter is 13.55g/kg, salt content 1.28g/kg.Before transplanting rice, by MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertilizer produced by the present invention
Material particle is applied in Breeding objectives soil, is turned over and is buried, and rice planting density is 30cm × 20cm.To soil after rice harves
Earth sampling, and salt content, the content of organic matter, pH value test are carried out to it.Test method are as follows: salt content uses residue drying-matter
Amount method is tested；The content of organic matter is tested using potassium dichromate oxidation-ferrous sulfate titration, and pH value uses vitreous electricity
Pole method is tested, and test result is as follows shown in table, wherein control group is the salt-soda soil that do not improve.
| The content of organic matter, g/kg | Salt content, g/kg | PH value | |
| Embodiment 2 | 17.05 | 0.66 | 7.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 16.96 | 0.71 | 7.6 |
| Embodiment 6 | 17.15 | 0.65 | 7.5 |
| Embodiment 8 | 16.98 | 0.65 | 7.5 |
| Embodiment 10 | 17.33 | 0.71 | 7.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 14.32 | 0.96 | 8.1 |
| Control group | 13.55 | 1.28 | 8.5 |
When can be seen that MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates produced by the present invention for alkaline land improving from above-mentioned test result,
The content of organic matter of alkaline land soil can be effectively improved, desalination effect is good, and the pH of alkaline land soil is substantially reduced.And to humic
Matter carries out the MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates after nanosizing, becomes apparent to the improved effect of alkaline land soil.
In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the present invention
Various changes or modification, these equivalent forms also fall within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving, it is characterised in that: from inside to outside successively include sandwich layer, the
One slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable clad, the sandwich layer in parts by weight, including 15~22 parts of nothings
Machine fertilizer, 1~4 part of mineral powders, 25~40 parts of organic fertilizers, 1~5 part of trace-element fertilizer；
First slow release layer is chitosan-modified bentonite clay material；
The soil remediation layer in parts by weight, including 25~35 parts of nanometer humus, 5~13 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizers, 8~15 parts
Cow dung, 10~20 parts of broomcorn straws, 1~2 part of Sodium Polyacrylate；
Second slow release layer is chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel；
The degradable clad is calcium alginate material.
2. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the core
Layer, the first slow release layer, soil remediation layer, the second slow release layer, degradable clad mass ratio be 20~30:3~5:17~22:
4:3.
3. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the nothing
Machine fertilizer is one of calcium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, urea or a variety of mixing.
4. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mine
Material powder is one of vermiculite powder, kaolin powder, sepiolite powder or a variety of mixing.
5. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to have
Machine fertilizer be rape cake, cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake mixing be added mass concentration be 5% bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor fermentation be made, institute
State rape cake, cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake mass ratio be 2:1:1.
6. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described micro-
Secondary element fertilizer is one of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid or a variety of mixing.
7. a kind of dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described micro-
Bio-bacterial manure is the mixture of Facultative Halophiles, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, and mass ratio is 7:10~15:3:3.
8. a kind of preparation method of the dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as described in claim 1 to 7 is any,
It is characterized by comprising following steps:
(1) humus powder being added in super fine machine, under normal temperature and pressure, humus powder enters graded region with air-flow,
It is screened according to the adjusting of grader, prepares the nanometer humus powder that partial size is 100nm~200nm；
(2) chitosan is dissolved in the acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 2% and prepares the chitosan acetic acid that mass concentration is 5-10%
Solution；The bentonite dispersion liquid for being 5% by bentonite and deionized water mixed grinding processing preparation mass concentration；With mass parts
Meter, 3~6 parts of above-mentioned chitosan acetic acid solutions, 1~3 part of bentonite dispersion liquid is mixed to join in reaction kettle, at 80~90 DEG C
5~7h is reacted, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, reaction product is filtered, drying after being washed with deionized is adopted, it is poly- that shell is made
Sugar-modified bentonite clay material；
(3) by chitosan be dissolved in the acetic acid solution that mass concentration is 2% prepare mass concentration be 5% chitosan acetic acid it is molten
Liquid；Gelatin is dissolved in 38-42 DEG C of deionized water, the gelatin solution that mass concentration is 3~5% is made；In parts by weight, will
After mixing, penta that 0.8~1.5 part of mass concentration is 2% is added in 10 parts of chitosan acetic acid solutions and 4~7 parts of gelatin solutions
Dialdehyde solution；It is stirred to react 100~130min at 50~60 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after reaction, filters, will be obtained by filtration
Sediment washing after it is dry, chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is made；
(4) by inorganic fertilizer, mineral powders, organic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer mixed grinding it is uniform after be added to roller pelletizer
In be granulated, be made sandwich layer；Chitosan-modified bentonite clay material obtained above is continuously added into roller pelletizer, is mixed
It closes and is granulated, be uniformly wrapped on core layer surface, form the first slow release layer；Nanometer humus, micro- life are added into roller pelletizer
Object bacterial manure, cow dung, broomcorn straw, Sodium Polyacrylate mixture, be coated on the first sustained release layer surface, form soil remediation
Layer；Continue that chitosan/gelatin-compounded hydrogel is added into roller pelletizer, carries out mixing granulation, be coated on soil remediation
Layer surface forms the second slow release layer；Calcium alginate material is finally added into roller pelletizer, carries out mixing granulation, cladding
It is sustained layer surface in second, forms degradable clad to get MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates.
9. a kind of preparation method of the dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as claimed in claim 8, feature
Be: in step (1), the humus is present in the surface of coal, and for biological septage, the content of organic matter and moisture content are equal
Greater than 85wt%.
10. a kind of preparation method of the dedicated MULTILAYER COMPOSITE fertiliser granulates of alkaline land improving as claimed in claim 8, feature
Be: in step (2), the bentonite is calcium-base bentonite, and particle size is 3~8 μm.
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